CN110016439A - A kind of bacteria agent and preparation method for straw decomposing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of straw decomposing inoculants with decomposed stalk, is manufactured stalk at high-quality biological organic fertilizer returning to the field by decomposing agent.Supplement soil nutrient, promote microbial activities, reduce fertilizer application amount, improve agroecological environment, passing through the macromoleculars such as the cellulose in decomposing agent in degrading straw simultaneously is activated micromolecular substance, can be for crop absorption, the mass propagation in stalk of the various beneficial bacteriums in decomposing agent, inhibit miscellaneous bacteria therein to grow in a jumble, imposes on soil and can effectively reduce crop and suffer from probability of plant diseases and insect pests.

Description

A kind of bacteria agent and preparation method for straw decomposing

Technical field

The present invention designs the microbial inoculum and preparation method of a kind of decomposed stalk, belongs to microbial bacterial agent field.

Background technique

As a kind of important agricultural by product, stalk is dispersed throughout all over the world, especially such as Heilongjiang Province, granary province. For a long time, the processing of stalk is not all carried out comprehensively, still has the presence for directly burning remaining stalk, so not Precious renewable resource is only wasted, more polluted natural environment, so that air is deteriorated, common people's health cannot be protected effectively Barrier.Especially in recent years frequently existing haze weather, not only brings threat to traffic, and the body for more directly compromising the common people masses is strong Health.Thus, rational exploitation and utilization agricultural crop straw is not only to make full use of resource, even more to one kind of human habitat Protection.Secondly, C rich in, N, P, K and microelement in agricultural crop straw, if scientific and reasonable degradation side can be passed through Formula returns these substance releases in soil, not only can solve stalk surplus, can more promote soil fertility, reduce making for chemical fertilizer With.In this context, addition microbial inoculum can dramatically speed up straw decomposition progress, be conducive to straw-returning, be to solve the problems, such as stalk One of effective means.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of straw decomposing inoculants with decomposed stalk, is manufactured stalk at excellent by decomposing agent Matter biological organic fertilizer returning to the field.Soil nutrient is supplemented, microbial activities is promoted, reduces fertilizer application amount, improves agroecological environment, Passing through the macromoleculars such as the cellulose in decomposing agent in degrading straw simultaneously is activated micromolecular substance, can be for crop absorption, decomposed Various beneficial bacteriums in the agent mass propagation in stalk, inhibits miscellaneous bacteria therein to grow in a jumble, imposing on soil can effectively reduce work Object suffers from probability of plant diseases and insect pests.

The chief component of stalk is cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.It is netted that cellulose is generally cross-linked into brilliant beam composition Skeleton structure, and hemicellulose and lignin are then filled within mesh skeleton and surface, so that being formed by structure more Stablize, it is hard, it is difficult to degrade.

Fig. 1 is contained hemicellulose, Fiber and lignin concentration in Different Crop stalk

It can accelerate straw degradative using decomposing agent, why straw decomposing inoculant can accelerate straw-returning, mainly have benefited from decomposed The effect of microorganism in agent.By screening the composite microbial system for the degrading straw that proportion obtains from milpa planting soil, have The apparent function of promoting corn stover decomposed.

Specific embodiment:

Based on this, the present invention takes a kind of effective straw decomposing fermentative microorganism microbial inoculum, white by bacillus subtilis 20%-25% Rotten fungi 10-12%, aspergillus 10%-15%, Trichoderma harzianum 10-15%, thermophilic mould 20%-25% composition.

Firstly, above-mentioned strain is inoculated in PDA culture medium, 25 DEG C of slant activation culture 120h are inoculated in agar Liquid Culture On base；

Secondly, corn stover is prescinded to 5cm-10cm or so, high-temperature sterilization 15min-25min under 101.33kPa；

Again, ready liquid spawn and stalk are mixed, is sealed by fermentation.

Content of lignin variation is shown in Table 1 in degradation rate and stalk after mixing match ferments

Experimental result obtains, and by continuous growth and breeding, strain produces mould amount and gradually rises, the later period with nutriment reduction and The variation of temperature, pH value, thallus gradually aging, institute's producing enzyme partial inactivation, to affect the degradation rate of lignin.Therefore exist When 35d or so time, thallus is ideal for the degradation effect of the decomposed and straw lignin of stalk.Secondly, at stalk In reason, cuts short and shred change stalk natural structure, increase the active area of microorganism and enzyme with contact surface, be more advantageous to micro- life The trans-utilization of object.

To sum up, under suitable conditions, the mixed thallus of scientific matching is significantly improved on degrading maize straws lignin. Simultaneously by adding other microorganisms such as the fungi in soil, so that thallus generates preferably effect, generated after straw decomposing Cellulose can be preferably absorbed by crops, and be improved the ecological environment for soil, and pest and disease damage and other effects is reduced.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, it is any to be familiar with sheet Those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, the simple change for the technical solution that can be become apparent to Change or equivalence replacement is fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the bacteria agent and preparation method of a kind of straw decomposing, it is characterized in that: being manufactured stalk at high-quality life by decomposing agent Organic fertilizer returning to the field supplements soil nutrient, promotes microbial activities, reduces fertilizer application amount, improves agroecological environment, simultaneously It is activated micromolecular substance by macromoleculars such as celluloses in degrading straw in decomposing agent, can be for crop absorption, in decomposing agent Various beneficial bacteriums in stalk mass propagation, inhibit miscellaneous bacteria therein to grow in a jumble, impose on soil can effectively reduce crop trouble Probability of plant diseases and insect pests.

2. a kind of fermenting agent of straw decomposing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material of the fermenting agent And content are as follows: bacillus subtilis 20%-25%, white-rot fungi 10-12%, aspergillus 10%-15%, Trichoderma harzianum 10-15% are thermophilic mould Bacterium 20%-25% composition.

3. a kind of fermenting agent of straw decomposing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the aspergillus is black song One of mould, aspergillus oryzae.

4. a kind of fermenting agent of straw decomposing according to claim 1, the preparation method is as follows:

Firstly, above-mentioned strain is inoculated in PDA culture medium, 25 DEG C of slant activation culture 120h are inoculated in agar Liquid Culture On base；

Secondly, corn stover is prescinded to 5cm-10cm or so, high-temperature sterilization 15min-25min under 101.33kPa；

Again, ready liquid spawn and stalk are mixed, is sealed by fermentation.