CN109991164B - Coating bonding force double-lever measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Coating bonding force double-lever measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109991164B CN109991164B CN201910329128.5A CN201910329128A CN109991164B CN 109991164 B CN109991164 B CN 109991164B CN 201910329128 A CN201910329128 A CN 201910329128A CN 109991164 B CN109991164 B CN 109991164B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coating bonding force double-lever measuring device and a measuring method thereof, wherein the measuring device comprises a bracket, a first lever mechanism and a second lever mechanism; the first lever mechanism comprises a first screw rod and a cross beam, a first support is connected to the cross beam, a starting point mark and a floating code are arranged on one side of the first screw rod, and a first pull rod is arranged on the other side of the first screw rod; the second lever mechanism comprises a second lever and a second pull rod, a fixed seat is vertically arranged on the second lever, a probe is installed at the lower end of the fixed seat, and a horizontal moving mechanism is arranged below the probe. The invention provides linearly increased load for the probe through a double-lever system, the probe is moved until the coating cracks and exposes out of the substrate, then the position where the coating cracks appears is observed, and the corresponding load is determined, namely the interface binding force can be measured; meanwhile, the structure is simple, and the cost is lower; the operation process is simple during measurement, the operation of general personnel is facilitated, and the display effect is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coating binding force measurement, in particular to a coating binding force double-lever measuring device and method.
Background
The service life of the coating material is determined by whether the interface bonding of the coating and the substrate is good or not to a great extent, which needs quantitative characterization of the mechanical properties of the interface of the coating and the substrate, but because of the variety of the coating and the diversity of the preparation technology, no uniform characterization parameters and test methods have been formed so far. For measuring the interfacial bonding strength of the coating and the substrate, methods such as stretching, shearing, bending, scratching, pressing, and dynamic testing are commonly used.
The stretching method is classified into two methods, i.e., "transverse stretching method" and "vertical stretching method". The transverse drawing method is a method for only drawing a substrate, utilizes the cracking characteristics of the coating to calculate the shearing strength, measures more parameters and is only suitable for measuring the brittle film coating. The vertical stretching method is to adhere the surface of the coating layer to an object capable of easily applying a load by using an adhesive such as epoxy resin, and then to apply a tensile load to one side of the object. The method has the disadvantage that if the bonding strength of the adhesive is smaller than the interfacial tensile strength of the coating and the substrate, the experiment fails and the method cannot be used for measuring the coating with high interfacial bonding force.
The shear method is to place the uncoated portion of the cylindrical test piece in a fixed sleeve to apply a load, and the protruding coated portion will shear off under the sleeve load. This method may not be practical for thin coatings because the coating is difficult to shear by the sleeve. In addition, the sample must be prepared in a cylindrical shape with a radius close to that of the sleeve, which is obviously not applicable to the sheet-like test specimens usually prepared in laboratories, while the stress concentrations present at the interface close to the free boundary of the coating also affect the determination.
The bending method adopts a cantilever beam model to measure the interface bonding performance of the coating and the matrix material, and adopts an acoustic emission technology to judge whether the interface is cracked. The method has the disadvantages that the pressure head at the loading end is easy to slide when loading, so that the signal is easy to be mistaken for an acoustic emission signal of interface cracking, and the method must estimate the load size in advance to determine the geometric dimension of the test piece. In addition, this method is only suitable for thicker coatings and, for more brittle coatings, can crack during the fixing and be untested.
The position of the pressing head by the pressing-in method is divided into: coating surface indentation, side matrix indentation, and interfacial indentation. The method is suitable for weak bonding interfaces, and interface cracking is judged through an optical microscope and an acoustic emission device. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires analysis in conjunction with finite element modeling during the experiment, which not only complicates the problem, but also results in large errors. The interface press-in method is difficult to control the center position of the pressure head on the interface, and the experiment is difficult to be carried out.
The scratch method is a method which is widely used at present and is used for representing the interface bonding performance of a coating and a substrate material. The method comprises the steps of enabling a sample plane to move perpendicular to the axis of a probe, enabling the probe to be in contact with the sample under the action of normal load, generating scribing through the movement of the sample, enabling the load to be increased in a linear mode, and automatically detecting and recording data such as load, depth, stroke distance, friction force, friction coefficient and acoustic emission signals in the experimental process by a system. The film is characterized in that the film is broken or dropped in a scratch test and shows sudden changes of scratch depth, friction force and acoustic emission signals, the sudden change state point is a critical point, the corresponding load is a critical load, the critical load can be used as an important quantitative index for evaluating the bonding strength of the film and a substrate, and the larger the critical load is, the larger the bonding force of the film and the substrate is, the better the scratch resistance of the film is.
The scratch instrument adopted by the existing scratch method generally adopts electromagnetic force loading, and the method has the following problems in the process of measuring the bonding force between a film and a substrate: (1) the electromagnetic loading imposes limited loads and is difficult to detect for thicker and high bond strength coating samples such as ablative coatings, ceramic glazes, and metal thermal spray samples. (2) The general scratch tester can only detect the binding force of a sample with a thin coating and low surface roughness. In most cases, the coating failure is a gradual change process due to the thin coating sample and the sample with the unobvious coating-matrix interface, and the scratch depth, the friction force, the acoustic emission signal and the like of the sample are not obvious in sudden change. While for samples with high surface roughness, too many of these abrupt signals appear to determine which signal corresponds to coating failure. Although microscopic observation can be used to accurately determine the failure point of the coating, the scratch depth, the friction force and the acoustic emission system detection work lose significance to the test. Therefore, a general scratch tester cannot effectively test the bonding force between the thicker surface coating and the substrate with higher roughness. (3) The general scratch instrument needs an electromagnetic loading system, a sensor and equipment control software, is high in manufacturing cost, complex in operation process and unobvious in display effect, and is not beneficial to operation of general personnel.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a coating cohesion double lever measuring device that simple structure, cost are lower, and sample strong adaptability, the bandwagon effect is obvious.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a double-lever measuring method for coating binding force by adopting the device, which solves the problems of complex operation process, unobvious display effect and the like of the existing measuring method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a coating bonding force double-lever measuring device comprises a bracket, a first lever mechanism and a second lever mechanism; the first lever mechanism comprises a first screw rod and a cross beam which is positioned above the first screw rod and is parallel to the first screw rod, two ends of the cross beam are connected with the first screw rod through fixing plates, a first support is connected to the outer edge of the cross beam along a cutting edge, the lower end of the first support is fixed on the bracket, the first screw rod penetrates through the first support, a starting point mark and a floating code which is meshed with the first screw rod to form a screw rod pair are arranged on the first screw rod on one side of the first support, a first pull rod is arranged on the first screw rod on the other side of the first support, the floating code and the upper end of the first pull rod are both hung on the cross beam, and a first rotating mechanism capable of driving the first screw rod to rotate is further connected to the first screw rod; the second lever mechanism comprises a second lever and a second pull rod fixed at the lower end of the bracket, the first lever mechanism is connected with the second lever through a first pull rod, a first blade support and a second blade support are respectively arranged at two ends of the first pull rod, the first blade support is connected with the blade of the cross beam, and the second blade support is connected with the blade of the second lever; the second lever is hinged with the second pull rod and can freely rotate around a hinged point, a fixed seat is vertically arranged on the other side, connected with the first pull rod, of the second lever, a probe is installed at the lower end of the fixed seat, and a horizontal moving mechanism used for placing a sample to be tested is further arranged below the probe.
Preferably, a balance code is further arranged on one side, connected with the first pull rod, of the cross beam, and the distance from the first pull rod to the first support is smaller than the distance from the balance code to the first support.
Therefore, when the device is used for testing a sample to be tested, the floating code is adjusted to the position of the starting point mark on the first screw rod, and the balance code is adjusted to enable the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism to be in a balance state, so that the initial acting force of the probe on the surface of the sample to be tested can be adjusted to tend to zero.
Preferably, the horizontal movement mechanism comprises a second screw rod, a second rotation mechanism connected with the second screw rod and a translation table forming a screw rod pair with the second screw rod, and a clamp for fixing the sample to be tested is mounted at the upper end of the translation table.
Therefore, after the sample to be tested is fixed on the translation table by the clamp, the second screw rod is driven to rotate by the second rotating mechanism, and meanwhile, the translation table drives the sample to be tested to horizontally move on the second screw rod.
Preferably, the first rotating mechanism is a servo motor, and the second rotating mechanism is a stepping motor.
Preferably, the length of the first screw rod is greater than the length of the second lever rod.
Like this, longer with the length setting of first lead screw for the rider has long enough travel distance, and then the moment of force that the rider gravity on the first lead screw produced is through two lever system transmission backs, and the probe is applyed the perpendicular decurrent effort on the sample surface that awaits measuring and is bigger, can satisfy the test of high cohesion coating sample better.
Further, the invention also provides a method for measuring the coating binding force by adopting the device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) fixing a sample to be tested on a translation table of a horizontal moving mechanism;
step 2) adjusting the position of the horizontal moving mechanism to enable the sample to be detected to be located under the probe, moving the sliding code to the position where the starting point mark is arranged on the first screw rod, and adjusting the balance code to enable the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism to be in a balance state;
step 3) starting the first rotating mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism simultaneously to enable the rider to move on the first screw rod at a speed V1While moving towards the direction far away from the first support, the horizontal moving mechanism drives the sample to be measured to have a speed V2Moving, wherein when the floating block moves on the first screw rod, the horizontal distance B from the floating block to the first support linearly increases along with time, namely the moment M generated by the gravity Q of the floating block on the first lever mechanism linearly increases, and after the moment M is transmitted by the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism, the vertical downward acting force P exerted by the probe on the surface of the sample to be tested linearly increases;
step 4) when the horizontal moving mechanism drives the sample to be tested to move for a certain distance, closing the first rotating mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism, taking the sample to be tested from the horizontal moving mechanism, observing scratches on the sample to be tested, and measuring the length S of the scratches when the coating on the sample to be tested is scratched;
step 5) according to the lever principle, the relationship of the formula (1) exists between the gravity Q applied by the sliding weight on the first lever mechanism and the vertical downward acting force P applied by the probe to the surface of the sample to be measured:
P·L1＝F·L2；F·A＝Q·B (1)
then
If the scratch length when the coating on the sample to be tested is scratched is S, the distance B of the traveling code walking on the first screw rod is as follows:
the formula (3) is taken into the formula (2), so that the vertically downward acting force P exerted by the probe on the surface of the sample when the coating of the sample to be measured is scratched can be calculated, the calculation results of known parameters such as the arm lengths of the first lever mechanism, the arm lengths of the second lever mechanism, the gravity of the rider, the rider and the moving speed of the horizontal moving mechanism are calibrated as a proportionality coefficient K in advance, and thus the vertically downward acting force P exerted by the probe on the surface of the sample to be measured is only in direct proportion to the scratch length S when the coating is scratched:
in the formula: l is1The horizontal distance from the vertical axis of the probe in the second lever mechanism to the center of the hinge point of the second lever and the second pull rod; l is2The horizontal distance from the connecting point of the second lever mechanism and the first pull rod to the center of the hinge point of the second lever and the second pull rod is A, the horizontal distance from the connecting point of the first screw rod and the first pull rod to the center of the first support is F, the acting force on the first pull rod is F, and Q is the gravity of the rider.
The measuring method of the invention utilizes the action principle of a lever, and transmits the moment generated by the gravity Q of a vernier to the probe through the combined action of a double-lever mechanism, and the probe applies a vertical downward acting force P on the surface of a sample to be tested. In the measuring process, the interface binding force of the coating and the substrate can be calculated by measuring the scratch length S when the coating on the sample to be measured is scratched.
Preferably, the horizontal distance L from the vertical axis of the probe in the second lever mechanism to the center of the hinge point of the second lever and the second pull rod1Is smaller than the horizontal distance L from the connecting point of the second lever and the first pull rod to the center of the hinge point of the second lever and the second pull rod2And the horizontal distance from the sliding block to the center of the first support is greater than the horizontal distance A from the connecting point of the first screw rod and the first pull rod to the center of the first support.
Like this, according to the leverage principle, the power arm of first lever mechanism and second lever mechanism all is greater than the resistance arm, makes the effort produce the effect of two-stage amplification through the moment transmission, and the perpendicular decurrent effort of probe application on the sample that awaits measuring will be far greater than the gravity of journey sign indicating number, the test demand of the sample that satisfies coating roughness height and bonding strength that from this two lever system can be better.
Preferably, in step 4), the scratch on the sample to be tested is observed by using a microscope, and the scratch length S when the coating on the sample to be tested is scratched is measured.
Therefore, the scratch is directly observed by adopting a microscope, irrelevant data such as depth, friction force, acoustic emission and the like do not need to be measured, the display effect is good, and the judgment of the failure critical point of the coating is accurate and reliable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the measuring device is reasonable in design and ingenious in conception, linearly increased acting force is provided for the probe through the double-lever mechanism, the coating and the substrate interface are cracked by utilizing the scratching of the probe, and the interface bonding force between the substrate and the coating can be determined by observing the position where the interface crack appears; when the test is carried out, only the scratch length when the coating interface is cracked needs to be measured, the acting force of the probe on the sample to be tested when the coating of the sample to be tested and the substrate interface are scratched can be directly calculated, namely the binding force between the coating and the substrate.
2. Compared with the traditional scratch tester, the measuring device can effectively test the interface bonding force of a sample with thicker surface coating, higher roughness and large bonding force; compared with the traditional devices adopting an electromagnetic loading system, a sensor, equipment control software and the like, the invention has the advantages of simpler structure and lower cost.
3. The measuring device adopted in the invention has a large load range, a high load maximum value, a maximum force value of 5kN, an adjustable loading speed of 5-50N/s, a loading precision of 1-5%, a sample translation maximum speed of 50mm/s and a maximum stroke of 100mm, so that the measured value range of the binding force of the coating is wide. Meanwhile, the loading force is large, the moving distance of the translation table is large and adjustable, the sample adaptability is strong, and the sample binding force with thick coating, high binding strength, rough surface and large size can be detected.
4. The measuring method of the invention utilizes the lever action principle, and the gravity Q of the vernier is converted into the vertical downward acting force P exerted by the probe on the surface of the sample to be measured through the combined action of the double lever mechanisms, and the test only needs to start loading and sample moving at the same time, so that the whole test process is simple, convenient and easy to operate, and is beneficial to the operation of general personnel.
5. The test method adopts a microscope to directly observe the scratch length without measuring irrelevant data such as depth, friction force, acoustic emission and the like, and has the advantages of simple calculation, good display effect and accurate and reliable judgment of the failure critical point of the coating.
Drawings
For purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating bonding force dual-lever measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the action principle of the lever mechanism in the coating bonding force dual-lever measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: balance weight 1, fixing plate 2, first pull rod 3, first support 4, first lead screw 5, balance weight 6, crossbeam 7, bracket 8, automatically controlled box 9, anchor clamps 10, translation platform 11, second lead screw 12, step motor 13, probe 14, fixing base 15, second pull rod 16, second lever 17, servo motor 18.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a coating bonding force double-lever measuring device comprises a bracket 8, a first lever mechanism and a second lever mechanism; the first lever mechanism comprises a first screw rod 5 and a cross beam 7 which is positioned above the first screw rod 5 and is parallel to the first screw rod 5, two ends of the cross beam 7 are connected with the first screw rod 5 through a fixing plate 2, the outer edge of the cross beam 7 is connected with a first support 4, the lower end of the first support 4 is fixed on a bracket 8, the first screw rod 5 penetrates through the first support 4, a starting point mark and a traveling block 6 which is meshed with the first screw rod 5 to form a screw rod pair are arranged on the first screw rod 5 on one side of the first support 4, a first pull rod 3 is arranged on the first screw rod 5 on the other side of the first support 4, the traveling block 6 and the upper end of the first pull rod 3 are both hung on the cross beam 7, and a first rotating mechanism capable of driving the first screw rod 5 to rotate is further connected on the first screw rod 5; the second lever mechanism comprises a second lever 17 and a second pull rod 16 fixed at the lower end of the bracket 8, the first lever mechanism is connected with the second lever 17 through the first pull rod 3, a first blade support and a second blade support are respectively arranged at two ends of the first pull rod 3, the first blade support is connected with the blade of the cross beam 7, and the second blade support is connected with the blade of the second lever 17; second lever 17 and second pull rod 16 are articulated and can freely rotate around the pin joint, and second lever 17 is vertical to be equipped with fixing base 15 with the opposite side that first pull rod 3 is connected, and probe 14 is installed to the lower extreme of fixing base 15, and the below of probe 14 still is equipped with the horizontal migration mechanism that is used for placing the sample that awaits measuring.
In this embodiment, a balance weight 1 is further disposed on one side of the cross beam 7, which is connected to the first pull rod 3, and a distance from the first pull rod 3 to the first support 4 is smaller than a distance from the balance weight 1 to the first support 4.
Therefore, when the device is used for testing a sample to be tested, the floating code is adjusted to the position of the starting point mark on the first screw rod, and the balance code is adjusted to enable the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism to be in a balance state, so that the initial acting force of the probe on the surface of the sample to be tested can be adjusted to tend to zero.
In this embodiment, the horizontal moving mechanism includes a second screw rod 12, a second rotating mechanism connected to the second screw rod 12, and a translation stage 11 forming a screw rod pair with the second screw rod 12, and a fixture 10 for fixing a sample to be tested is mounted at an upper end of the translation stage 11.
Therefore, after the sample to be tested is fixed on the translation table by the clamp, the second screw rod is driven to rotate by the second rotating mechanism, and meanwhile, the translation table drives the sample to be tested to horizontally move on the second screw rod.
In this embodiment, the first rotation mechanism is a servo motor 18, and the second rotation mechanism is a stepping motor 13.
In the present embodiment, the length of the first lead screw 5 is greater than the length of the second lever 17.
Like this, longer with the length setting of first lead screw for the rider has long enough travel distance, and then the moment of force that the rider gravity on the first lead screw produced is through two lever system transmission backs, and the probe is applyed the perpendicular decurrent effort on the sample surface that awaits measuring and is bigger, can satisfy the test of high cohesion coating sample better.
In this embodiment, the device further includes an electronic control box 9, and the electronic control box 9 is configured to control the stepping motor 13 and the servo motor 18 at the same time.
When the device is used for measurement, a sample to be measured is fixed on a translation table 11 of a horizontal movement mechanism by a clamp 10, the position of the horizontal movement mechanism is adjusted, the sample to be measured is located under a probe 14, a floating code 6 is moved to the initial position on a first screw rod 5, a balance code 1 is adjusted, a first lever mechanism and a second lever mechanism are both in a balance state, then a starting key of an electric control box 9 is pressed to start a servo motor 18 and a stepping motor 13 at the same time, and the floating code 6 is enabled to move on the first screw rod 5 at a speed V1While moving in a direction away from the first holder 4, the horizontal movement mechanism carries the sample 10 to be measured at a speed V2When the rider 6 moves on the first screw rod 5, the horizontal distance B between the rider 6 and the first support 4 linearly increases along with time, namely, the moment generated by the gravity Q of the rider 5 on the first lever mechanism is linearly increased, and after passing through the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism, the probe 14 is positioned on the sample table to be testedThe vertical downward force P exerted by the surface becomes linearly large; when the horizontal moving mechanism drives the sample to be measured to move for a certain distance, the servo motor 18 and the stepping motor 13 are simultaneously closed after the stop key of the electric control box 9 is pressed, the sample to be measured 10 is taken down from the horizontal moving mechanism, the scratch on the sample to be measured is observed, and the scratch length S when the coating on the sample to be measured is scratched is measured; and determining a bonding force proportional coefficient K according to parameters such as the moment arm geometric length, the rider weight, the motor running speed and the like of a double-lever system of the device, and directly calculating by using the measured scratch length S to obtain the bonding force between the substrate and the coating surface.
A coating binding force double-lever measuring method adopts the device and comprises the following steps:
step 1) fixing a sample to be tested on a translation table 11 of a horizontal moving mechanism;
step 2) adjusting the position of the horizontal moving mechanism to enable the sample to be detected to be located under the probe 14, moving the floating code 6 to the position where the starting point mark is arranged on the first screw rod 5, and adjusting the balance code 1 to enable the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism to be in a balance state;
step 3) starting the first rotating mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism simultaneously to enable the rider 6 to move on the first screw rod 5 at a speed V1While moving in the direction away from the first support 4, the horizontal movement mechanism carries the sample to be measured at a speed V2When the rider 6 moves on the first screw 5, the horizontal distance B between the rider 6 and the first support 4 linearly increases along with time, that is, the moment M generated by the gravity Q of the rider 6 on the first lever mechanism linearly increases, and after the moment M is transmitted by the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism, the vertical downward acting force P exerted by the probe 14 on the surface of the sample to be tested linearly increases;
step 4) when the horizontal moving mechanism drives the sample to be tested to move for a certain distance, closing the first rotating mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism, taking the sample to be tested from the horizontal moving mechanism, observing scratches on the sample to be tested, and measuring the length S of the scratches when the coating on the sample to be tested is scratched;
step 5), according to the lever principle, the relationship of the formula (1) exists between the gravity Q exerted by the vernier caliper 6 on the first lever mechanism and the vertical downward acting force P exerted by the probe 14 on the surface of the sample to be measured:
P·L1＝F·L2；F·A＝Q·B (1)
then
If the scratch length when the coating on the sample to be tested is scratched is S, the distance B of the traveling code walking on the first screw rod is as follows:
the formula (3) is taken into the formula (2), so that the vertically downward acting force P exerted by the probe on the surface of the sample when the coating of the sample to be measured is scratched can be calculated, and further, the calculation results of known parameters such as the arm length of the first lever mechanism, the arm length of the second lever mechanism, the gravity of the rider, the rider and the moving speed of the horizontal moving mechanism are calibrated to be a proportionality coefficient K in advance, so that the vertically downward acting force P exerted by the probe on the surface of the sample to be measured is only in direct proportion to the scratch length S when the coating is scratched:
in the formula: l is1The horizontal distance from the vertical axis of the probe 14 in the second lever mechanism to the center of the hinge point of the second lever 17 and the second pull rod 16; l is2The horizontal distance from the connecting point of the second lever mechanism and the first pull rod 3 to the center of the connecting point of the second lever 17 and the second pull rod 16 is A, the horizontal distance from the connecting point of the first lead screw 5 and the first pull rod 3 to the center of the first support 4 is A, the acting force on the first pull rod 3 is F, and Q is the gravity of the rider 6.
In the present embodiment, the horizontal distance L from the vertical axis of the probe 14 in the second lever mechanism to the center of the hinge point of the second lever 17 and the second pull rod 161Is smaller than the second lever 17 and the first leverHorizontal distance L between the connecting point of the pull rod 16 and the center of the hinge point of the second lever 17 and the second pull rod 162The horizontal distance from the rider 6 to the center of the first support 4 is greater than the horizontal distance a from the connecting point of the first lead screw 5 and the first pull rod 3 to the center of the first support 4. In the present embodiment, the horizontal distance of the rider 6 from the center of the first mount 4 is movable to be much greater than the horizontal distance a between the connection point of the first lead screw 5 and the first draw bar 3 to the center of the first mount 4.
Therefore, the power arms of the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism are larger than the resistance arms, and according to the action principle of the lever, the moment generated by the gravity of the rider 6 is transmitted by the first lever mechanism to form an acting force larger than the gravity of the rider 6 on the first pull rod 3; meanwhile, the moment generated by the acting force on the first pull rod 3 is transmitted by the second lever mechanism to generate a larger acting force at the probe 14, so that the acting force is amplified by two stages of the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism, and the vertical downward acting force exerted on a sample to be tested by the probe 14 is far greater than the gravity of the rider 6, so that the test requirements of the sample with high coating roughness and large binding force can be better met.
The measuring method of the invention utilizes the action principle of a lever, and transmits the moment generated by the gravity Q of a vernier to the probe through the combined action of a double-lever mechanism, and the probe applies a vertically downward acting force P on the surface of a sample to be tested. In the measuring process, the interface binding force of the coating and the substrate can be calculated by measuring the scratch length S when the coating on the sample to be measured is scratched.
In this embodiment, in step 4), the scratch on the test specimen to be tested is observed using a microscope, and the scratch length S when the coating on the test specimen is scratched is measured.
Therefore, the scratch is directly observed by adopting a microscope, irrelevant data such as depth, friction force, acoustic emission and the like do not need to be measured, the display effect is good, and the judgment of the failure critical point of the coating is accurate and reliable.
The measuring device adopted in the invention has a large load range, a high load maximum value, a maximum force value of 5kN, an adjustable loading speed of 5-50N/s, a loading precision of 1-5%, a sample translation maximum speed of 50mm/s and a maximum stroke of 100mm, so that the measured value range of the binding force of the coating is wide. Meanwhile, the loading force is large, the moving distance of the translation table 11 is large and adjustable, the sample adaptability is strong, and the sample binding force of a thick coating, large binding strength, rough surface and large size can be detected.
Finally, it is noted that the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A coating binding force double-lever measuring method is characterized in that a coating binding force double-lever measuring device is adopted, and the coating binding force double-lever measuring device comprises a bracket, a first lever mechanism and a second lever mechanism; the first lever mechanism comprises a first screw rod and a cross beam which is positioned above the first screw rod and is parallel to the first screw rod, two ends of the cross beam are connected with the first screw rod through a fixing plate, a first support is connected to the outer edge of the cross beam along a cutting edge, the lower end of the first support is fixed on the bracket, the first screw rod penetrates through the first support, a starting point mark and a floating code which is meshed with the first screw rod to form a screw rod pair are arranged on the first screw rod on one side of the first support, a first pull rod is arranged on the first screw rod on the other side of the first support, the floating code and the upper end of the first pull rod are both hung on the cross beam, and the first screw rod is further connected with a first rotating mechanism which can drive the first screw rod to rotate; the second lever mechanism comprises a second lever and a second pull rod fixed at the lower end of the bracket, the first lever mechanism is connected with the second lever through a first pull rod, a first blade support and a second blade support are respectively arranged at two ends of the first pull rod, the first blade support is connected with the blade of the cross beam, and the second blade support is connected with the blade of the second lever; the second lever is hinged with the second pull rod and can freely rotate around a hinged point, a fixed seat is vertically arranged on the other side of the second lever, which is connected with the first pull rod, a probe is arranged at the lower end of the fixed seat, and a horizontal moving mechanism for placing a sample to be tested is further arranged below the probe;
the measuring method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1) fixing a sample to be tested on a translation table of a horizontal moving mechanism;
step 2) adjusting the position of the horizontal moving mechanism to enable the sample to be detected to be located under the probe, moving the sliding code to the position where the starting point mark is arranged on the first screw rod, and adjusting the balance code to enable the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism to be in a balance state;
step 3) starting the first rotating mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism simultaneously to enable the rider to move on the first screw rod at a speed V1While moving towards the direction far away from the first support, the horizontal moving mechanism drives the sample to be measured to have a speed V2Moving, wherein when the floating block moves on the first screw rod, the horizontal distance B from the floating block to the first support linearly increases along with time, namely the moment M generated by the gravity Q of the floating block on the first lever mechanism linearly increases, and after the moment M is transmitted by the first lever mechanism and the second lever mechanism, the vertical downward acting force P exerted by the probe on the surface of the sample to be tested linearly increases;
step 4) when the horizontal moving mechanism drives the sample to be tested to move for a certain distance, closing the first rotating mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism, taking the sample to be tested from the horizontal moving mechanism, observing scratches on the sample to be tested, and measuring the length S of the scratches when the coating on the sample to be tested is scratched;
step 5) according to the lever principle, the relationship of the formula (1) exists between the gravity Q applied by the sliding weight on the first lever mechanism and the vertical downward acting force P applied by the probe to the surface of the sample to be measured:
P·L1＝F·L2；F·A＝Q·B (1)
then
If the scratch length when the coating on the sample to be tested is scratched is S, the distance B of the traveling code walking on the first screw rod is as follows:
the formula (3) is taken into the formula (2), so that the vertically downward acting force P exerted by the probe on the surface of the sample when the coating of the sample to be measured is scratched can be calculated, the calculation results of known parameters such as the arm lengths of the first lever mechanism, the arm lengths of the second lever mechanism, the gravity of the rider, the rider and the moving speed of the horizontal moving mechanism are calibrated as a proportionality coefficient K in advance, and thus the vertically downward acting force P exerted by the probe on the surface of the sample to be measured is only in direct proportion to the scratch length S when the coating is scratched:
in the formula: l is1The horizontal distance from the vertical axis of the probe in the second lever mechanism to the center of the hinge point of the second lever and the second pull rod; l is2The horizontal distance from the connecting point of the second lever mechanism and the first pull rod to the center of the hinge point of the second lever and the second pull rod is A, the horizontal distance from the connecting point of the first screw rod and the first pull rod to the center of the first support is F, the acting force on the first pull rod is F, and Q is the gravity of the rider.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the beam is further provided with a weight on a side thereof to which the first tie bar is connected, and a distance from the first tie bar to the first support is smaller than a distance from the weight to the first support.
3. The coating-bonding-force parallel-lever measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal moving mechanism comprises a second screw, a second rotating mechanism connected to the second screw, and a translation stage forming a screw pair with the second screw, and a clamp for fixing the sample to be measured is mounted at an upper end of the translation stage.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first rotation mechanism is a servo motor and the second rotation mechanism is a stepper motor.
5. The coating bonding force parallel bar measurement method of claim 1, wherein the first wire has a length greater than a length of the second bar.
6. The coating-bonding force parallel-lever measurement method according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal distance L from a vertical axis of the probe in the second lever mechanism to a center of a hinge point of the second lever and the second pull rod is set to1Is smaller than the horizontal distance L from the connecting point of the second lever and the first pull rod to the center of the hinge point of the second lever and the second pull rod2And the horizontal distance from the sliding block to the center of the first support is greater than the horizontal distance A from the connecting point of the first screw rod and the first pull rod to the center of the first support.
7. The coating-bonding-force parallel-lever measuring method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the scratch on the test specimen is observed using a microscope, and a scratch length S at which the coating on the test specimen is scratched is measured.
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| CN111122432A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-08 | 苏州苏勃检测技术服务有限公司 | Detection method suitable for adhesive force of paint film of automobile part |
| CN111175224B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2024-07-02 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Device and method for testing anti-stripping performance of coating |
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