CN109977463A - A kind of similar experiment method using scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature - Google Patents
A kind of similar experiment method using scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of similar experiment method using scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature, this method chooses any one as true model from the various sizes of Large-Scale Equipment of same class, designs according to different geometric dimension scaling M and processes m scale model of true model；Construct the radiation intensity relational expression between scale model and true model；The boundary condition that m scale model is arranged is identical as the boundary condition of corresponding true model；S measurement angle is chosen, to each scale model, using the infrared Integrated radiance intensity in its s measurement angle of radiometer measurement；By measure data fitting radiation intensity relational expression, fitting coefficient is determined.When measuring the radiation feature of Large-Scale Equipment, it is only necessary on the basis of obtaining the class model radiation intensity relational expression, be measured to the infrared Integrated radiance intensity of the scale model of small size, so that it may extrapolate the Integrated radiance intensity of the true model of arbitrary dimension.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to infrared signatures to test the field of test technology, especially a kind of to measure large size using scale model
Equip the similar experiment method of infrared signature.
Background technique
With being constantly progressive for science and technology, infrared detection technique is just being widely used in the fields such as industry and military affairs.?
In military affairs, infrared acquisition, tracking, guided weapon system are developed rapidly, to the safety of the targets such as battlebus, naval vessel, aircraft
Constitute huge threat.In order to adapt to following operational environment, improves Large-Scale Equipment battlefield under infrared acquisition environment and survive
Rate and fighting efficiency, Large-Scale Equipment, which is typically necessary, carries out infrared stealth design.In order to improve the reasonability of infrared stealth design
And validity, it is necessary first to understand the infrared signature of these targets；In each stage of Large-Scale Equipment development, it is also necessary to
Its infrared signature is evaluated.
Currently, researcher generallys use, numerical value is calculated and experiment measures the infra-red radiation spy that two methods carry out goal in research
Sign.Since actual physics problem is sufficiently complex, there are many factor for influencing Target Infrared Radiation feature, such as target external and inside
Flow Field Distribution, the Temperature Distribution of the surface of solids of target and engine gas stream, the concentration distribution of participating medium in combustion gas stream,
Atmosphere to the absorption characteristic of infra-red radiation, detection direction, wave band, the radiation characteristic of material surface, the radiation characteristic of combustion gas etc.,
Therefore when numerical value calculates, fundamental equation, solid conductive heat equation, the Gas Components for needing simultaneous solution fluid to flow and conduct heat are passed
Matter equation and the radiation transfer equation etc. for having participating medium, inevitably introduced in calculating more simplified model and
Assuming that.Currently, the general infrared signature of target can be reacted using the resulting calculated result of common calculation method, but to make
For the foundation that infrared stealth designs, the precision for calculating resulting absolute figure need further experimental verification.Infrared
Radiation feature experiment measurement aspect, due to lacking the guidance of infra-red radiation similar experiment theory, the infra-red radiation of Large-Scale Equipment is special
Sign can only be carried out by whole machine experiment.
It is only two following about application study of the scale model in infrared survey experiment in open source literature at present, clock
(Zhong F, the Dai Y.Effects of scale factor on the aero-thermodynamic and such as fragrant source
infrared radiation performance Of naval gas turbine exhaust system with
infrared signature suppression device.ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and
Aeroengine Congress and Exposition.American Society of Mechanical Engineers,
1993:V03AT15A083.) pass through experimental studies have found that: do not consider gas absorb radiation under conditions of, if scale model with
The temperature gap very little (less than 20%) of true model, and there is complete similar temperature field distribution, scale model and true model
Infrared Integrated radiance intensity ratio and the ratio between model geometric size it is square directly proportional, it is directly proportional to 4 powers of temperature ratio.It is single
It is bravely equal that (Dan Yong, Zhang Jingzhou, Shao Wanren wait type turbofan exhaust system scale model infrared signature to test aviation power
Journal, 2009,24 (10): 2228-2234.) equally obtained by experimental study: the exhaust system model of geometric similarity is guaranteeing
Mainstream speed, temperature, pressure and other parameters under the same conditions, the infrared Integrated radiance intensity of exhaust system model solid wall surface with
Geometric proportion it is square directly proportional, the infrared Integrated radiance intensity of wake flame is directly proportional to 2.32 powers of geometric proportion.From above-mentioned
Document can be seen that the relationship between model Integrated radiance intensity and geometric proportion is still uncertain, and the condition that experiment need to meet is all
It is not quite similar, not stringent theory deduction is only obtained by certain experimental results reduction.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for the defect for making up the prior art, the present invention proposes that one kind is accurate, is suitable for solid and gas spoke
The similar experiment method using scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature penetrated, this method can be obtained in certain item
Under part between the model of two geometric similarities Integrated radiance intensity and geometric proportion relationship, to be formed a set of using scale model
Measure the similar experiment method of Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature.
Technical solution: in order to realize the above technical effect, technical solution proposed by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of similar experiment method using scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature, comprising steps of
(1) any one is chosen from the various sizes of Large-Scale Equipment of same class as true model, is scaled according to geometry
Ratio M is designed and is processed its scale model, it is ensured that scale model and true model geometric similarity, wherein M=lscale/lbasic,
lscaleFor scale model characteristic length, lbasicFor true model characteristic length；
(2) the radiation intensity relational expression between scale model and true model is constructed:
Iscale/Ibasic=(a1b1 M+a2b2 M+...+anbn M)M2
Wherein, IscaleIndicate the infrared Integrated radiance intensity of scale model, IbasicIndicate the infrared integral spoke of true model
Penetrate intensity；a1, a2..., anAnd b1, b2..., bnIt is fitting coefficient, n is the number of fitting coefficient；
(3) when testing, the boundary condition of scale model and the boundary condition of corresponding true model are identical；Choose s
A measurement angle, using the infrared Integrated radiance intensity in s measurement angle of radiometer measurement scale model；
(4) undetermined coefficient of the radiation intensity relational expression constructed in the measure data fitting step (2) in step (3) is used,
Obtain fitting coefficient a1, a2..., anAnd b1, b2..., bnValue；Fitting coefficient is substituted into radiation intensity relational expression, obtains such
The radiation intensity relationship of its corresponding scale model of Large-Scale Equipment；
(5) when measuring the Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature of size new in same class, according to Large-Scale Equipment to be measured
The size of size and scale model determines geometric dimension scaling M；Then the infrared Integrated radiance for measuring scale model is strong
Degree, the infrared Integrated radiance intensity I of Large-Scale Equipment to be measured is extrapolated according to the radiation intensity relational expression that step (4) obtainsbasic。
Further, the boundary condition includes borderline pressure distribution, Temperature Distribution, Gas Components concentration field point
Cloth.
Further, the feelings that the radiation intensity relational expression is suitable for solid radiative and gas-fired radiation and the two coexists
Condition.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, present invention has the advantage that
The present invention is surveyed using the similar experiment method of scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature using this method
It when measuring the radiation feature of Large-Scale Equipment, does not need to measure full-scale true model, it is only necessary to obtain the class model
On the basis of radiation intensity relational expression, the infrared Integrated radiance intensity of the scale model of small size is measured, so that it may push away
The Integrated radiance intensity of the true model of arbitrary dimension is calculated, experiment difficulty is greatly reduced, reduces experimental cost.
Specific embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of similar experiment method using scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature, the party
Method the following steps are included:
Step 1 designs according to geometry scaling M and processes scale model, it is ensured that scale model and true model geometry
Similar, wherein M is defined as M=lscale/lbasic, lscaleFor scale model characteristic length, lbasicFor true model characteristic length；
Relationship between the infrared Integrated radiance intensity ratio of the model of two geometric similarities and geometry scaling to reduce model M < 1 and
Scale-up model M > 1 is applicable；
Step 2 when experiment, guarantees scale model and true model boundary condition having the same, the boundary condition packet
Include borderline pressure distribution, Temperature Distribution, Gas Components distribution of concentration；Using radiometer to the infrared integral of scale model
Radiation intensity IscaleIt measures；
Step 3, according to the infrared Integrated radiance intensity I for the scale model that measurement obtainsscaleExtrapolate the red of true model
Outer integral radiation intensity Ibasic, the infrared Integrated radiance intensity I of the true modelbasicWith the infrared integral spoke of scale model
Penetrate intensity IscaleBetween there are following maxim of relation: Iscale/Ibasic=(a1b1 M+a2b2 M+...+anbn M)M2；Radiation intensity is closed
It is the case where formula coexists suitable for solid radiative and gas-fired radiation and the two.
Below by taking the fanjet exhaust system infrared radiation feature measurement that somewhere is interviewed under car state as an example, this is illustrated
Invention measures the content of Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature similar experiment method using scale model.
One, the design of scale model
According to the principle of geometric similarity, scale model is designed according to real engine structure.In view of what is processed and measure
It is convenient, by 4 times of size reduction of true exhaust system.According to the identical principle of slin emissivity, scale model selection with it is true
The identical material of exhaust system.
Two, the setting of boundary condition is tested
The boundary condition of experiment specifically includes that the distribution of exhaust system inlet temperature, pressure distribution, concentration of component distribution etc..
Experiment when, scale model need to be identical with the boundary condition of true exhaust system with upper boundary conditions.According to true row
Scale model is placed in same environment by the state of ground where gas system, in stable condition to exhaust system scale model
After measure.
Three, the measurement of scale model infrared signature
The infrared signature of scale model is measured, measure exhaust system scale model tail to infrared integral
Radiation intensity is 12W/sr.
Four, scale model and the infrared Integrated radiance strength relationship criterion of true model determine
Numerical value calculates the infrared signature of the structure exhaust system of 2 groups of difference sizes (M=0.8,1.2), every group of mould
Type calculates the infrared signature in 19 orientation, and exhaust system structure, boundary condition and the experiment for guaranteeing that numerical value calculates are surveyed
Examination state is identical.It is calculated by numerical value, the ratio of 38 groups of Integrated radiance intensity can be obtained, see the table below.
Construct the radiation intensity relational expression between scale model and true model:
Iscale/Ibasic=(a1b1 M+a2b2 M+...+anbn M)M2
Wherein, IscaleIndicate the infrared Integrated radiance intensity of scale model, IbasicIndicate the infrared integral spoke of true model
Penetrate intensity；a1, a2..., anAnd b1, b2..., bnIt is fitting coefficient, n is the number of fitting coefficient；Radiation intensity relational expression
In unknowm coefficient aiAnd biCan the Integrated radiance intensity results as known to array fitting obtain, unknowm coefficient quantity n can be by making
User with fitting data amount according to can voluntarily be determined, n value is bigger, and the precision of maxim of relation is higher.
In the present embodiment, according to the data volume in upper table, unknowm coefficient quantity n=5, i.e. scale model and true mould are selected
Type Integrated radiance strength relationship criterion is Iscale/Ibasic=(a1b1 M+a2b2 M+a3b3 M+a4b4 M+a5b5 M)M2.According to data in table,
It can be fitted the unknowm coefficient obtained in maxim of relation, to obtain scale model and true model Integrated radiance strength relationship standard
Then are as follows:
Iscale/Ibasic=[0.1969 × 1.0876M+0.0128×0.0000000164M+0.1549×1.0176M++(-
0.8717)×0.0042M+0.6690×0.9522M]×M2
Five, the reckoning of true model infrared signature
According to the relationship and contracting between the infrared Integrated radiance intensity of scale model and the infrared Integrated radiance intensity of true model
Put ratio (M=0.25), can extrapolate true exhaust system tail to infrared Integrated radiance intensity be 241.3W/sr.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of similar experiment method using scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature, which is characterized in that including
Step:
(1) any one is chosen from the various sizes of Large-Scale Equipment of same class as true model, according to geometry scaling M
It designs and processes its scale model, it is ensured that scale model and true model geometric similarity, wherein M=lscale/lbasic, lscaleFor
Scale model characteristic length, lbasicFor true model characteristic length；
(2) the radiation intensity relational expression between scale model and true model is constructed:
Iscale/Ibasic=(a1b1 M+a2b2 M+...+anbn M)M2
Wherein, IscaleIndicate the infrared Integrated radiance intensity of scale model, IbasicIndicate that the infrared Integrated radiance of true model is strong
Degree；a1, a2..., anAnd b1, b2..., bnIt is fitting coefficient, n is the number of fitting coefficient；
(3) when testing, the boundary condition of scale model and the boundary condition of corresponding true model are identical；Choose s survey
Measuring angle, using the infrared Integrated radiance intensity in s measurement angle of radiometer measurement scale model；
(4) it with the undetermined coefficient in the radiation intensity relational expression constructed in the measure data fitting step (2) in step (3), obtains
To fitting coefficient a1, a2..., anAnd b1, b2..., bnValue；Fitting coefficient is substituted into radiation intensity relational expression, it is big to obtain such
Type equips the radiation intensity relationship of its corresponding scale model；
(5) when measuring the Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature of size new in same class, according to the size of Large-Scale Equipment to be measured
With the characteristic length of scale model, geometric dimension scaling M is determined；Then the infrared Integrated radiance for measuring scale model is strong
Degree, the infrared Integrated radiance intensity I of Large-Scale Equipment to be measured is extrapolated according to the radiation intensity relational expression that step (4) obtainsbasic。
2. a kind of similar experiment side using scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the boundary condition includes borderline pressure distribution, Temperature Distribution, Gas Components distribution of concentration.
3. a kind of similar experiment side using scale model measurement Large-Scale Equipment infrared signature according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the case where radiation intensity relational expression coexists suitable for solid radiative and gas-fired radiation and the two.
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