CN109951905A - A kind of infra-red radiation part and the infrared emittance including it - Google Patents
A kind of infra-red radiation part and the infrared emittance including it Download PDFInfo
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- CN109951905A CN109951905A CN201910021221.XA CN201910021221A CN109951905A CN 109951905 A CN109951905 A CN 109951905A CN 201910021221 A CN201910021221 A CN 201910021221A CN 109951905 A CN109951905 A CN 109951905A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of infra-red radiation part and including its infrared emittance, infra-red radiation part therein, it is characterized in that, it include: radiation ontology, for by heating the infrared ray generated to external radiation, at least one surface for radiating ontology is the radiating surface with multiple pits formed by surface indentation and equally distributed, pit has the hole bottom that bottom end is arranged in, around hole bottom and along the hole crater wall that extends outward to form of bottom and in the near coal-mine of the crater wall top, each pit meets: D/R1≤1, D is the depth of a pit, R1 is the near coal-mine radius of the pit, one near coal-mine radius be can just cover this it is near coal-mine when circle radius.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of infra-red radiation part and including its infrared emittance, more particularly to it is a kind of can be substantially
It spends the radiation coefficient of infrared ray in being promoted and and the infra-red radiation part of the directionality radiated and the infrared hair including it can be improved
Raw device.
Background technique
The generation of mid and far infrared line is a more troublesome thing, and the method for generalling use heating object produces object
The method of heat radiation is come long-wave infrared in obtaining.
Common method be electricity consumption by one section of heating wire, molybdenum filament perhaps tungsten wire so that heating wire, molybdenum filament or tungsten wire
Fever, temperature rise to 2000 DEG C -2700 DEG C, directly make heating wire or tungsten wire generate thermal radiation, to launch infrared
Line.
But this mode obtains infrared ray, and since the infrared signature of exothermic material is inefficient, this mode
The infrared source efficiency done is relatively low lower；And usually fever temperature is higher, is easy kindling or generates scald, safety
Property is not high；And be often accompanied by stronger visible optical radiation, it is seen that light radiation be inside the application having without hope there is
's.
In order to look after safety, this kind of product often just needs the temperature of heater to be dropped to relatively low degree, in this way
One, the power and power density of the infrared ray of infra-red radiation source radiation often very big decline again, so that application effect is big
It gives a discount.
In addition, moreover, the common thermotropic source of infrared radiation at present, in thermal radiation infrared ray, usually simultaneously to spoke
The 360 degree of radiation from all directions for penetrating source, to plate, and can be simultaneously to six surface radiation infrared rays of plate, infrared energy
Non-directional, so that the energy into a certain specific direction is not concentrated and dispersed, radiant power energy density can be significantly
Reduction.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be to solve the above-mentioned problems and carry out, and it is an object of the present invention to provide it is a kind of can significantly be promoted in it is infrared
Infrared emittance of the radiation coefficient of line with the infra-red radiation part for the directionality that can simultaneously improve radiation and including it.
The present invention to achieve the goals above, uses following scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of infra-red radiation parts characterized by comprising radiation ontology, for by heat to
The infrared ray that external radiation generates, at least one surface for radiating ontology is with multiple being formed by surface indentation and uniform
The radiating surface of the pit of distribution, pit have the hole bottom that bottom end is arranged in, around the hole cheating bottom and extending outward to form along hole bottom
Wall and in the near coal-mine of the crater wall top, each pit meets: D/R1≤1, D are the depth of a pit, and R1 is the pit
Near coal-mine radius, a near coal-mine radius be can just cover this it is near coal-mine when circle radius.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein two it is adjacent it is near coal-mine between sideline
Distance meets: L≤R2/2, R2 are the average value of all near coal-mine radiuses, and L is in two adjacent near coal-mine corresponding circles
The distance of heart line subtracts the two near coal-mine respective radiuses again.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein when the ruler of the longest side length of radiating surface
It is very little be greater than 10mm when, each near coal-mine size be less than or equal to the longest side length size 10%, when the size of the longest side length
Less than or equal to 10mm, each near coal-mine size is less than or equal to the size 30% of the longest side length, and near coal-mine size is can be just
Cover this it is near coal-mine when diameter of a circle.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein contains in the material of preparation radiation ontology
There are one of aluminum oxide, silica, aluminium nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, cordierite and mullite or a variety of.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein radiation ontology is ceramic material preparation
It forms.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein the hole bottom size of pit is greater than near coal-mine
Size, or hole bottom size be less than or equal near coal-mine size, the size for cheating bottom is circle when can just cover the hole bottom
Diameter, near coal-mine size be can just cover this it is near coal-mine when diameter of a circle.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein near coal-mine shape is round or polygon
Shape.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein near coal-mine shape is triangle, four sides
Any one in shape, pentagon and hexagon.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein is covered on radiating surface containing helping
Improve the radiating layer of the material of infrared emittance.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, material is graphene, aluminum oxide, dioxy
SiClx, aluminium nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, cordierite and mullite, iron and its compound, manganese and its compound and rare earth
And its one or both of compound.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein on the radiating surface other than all pits
The metallic reflective layer containing metal is plated, the roughness of the metallic reflective layer is less than or equal to 1.6.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein radiates at least one surface of ontology
For smooth shiny surface, the roughness of the shiny surface is less than or equal to plate the metal containing metal on 1.6 or the shiny surface anti-
The roughness of photosphere, the metallic reflective layer is less than or equal to 1.6.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein radiates at least one surface of ontology
For shiny surface, the thermal insulation layer containing heat-barrier material is covered on shiny surface.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein heat-barrier material is nano-hollow ceramics
Pipe, capillary hollow ceramic pipe, nano-hollow Ceramic Balls, capillary hollow ceramic ball, nano-hollow carbon pipe, the hollow carbon of capillary
Pipe, nano-hollow silicon element pipe, capillary hollow silicon element pipe, aeroge, high temperature resistant and thermal conductivity are greater than the plastic material of 3W/ (m.K)
One or more of, aeroge is nano-hollow ceramic tube, capillary hollow ceramic pipe, nano-hollow Ceramic Balls, capillary sky
Heart Ceramic Balls, the hollow carbon pipe of capillary, nano-hollow silicon element pipe, capillary hollow silicon element pipe ceramics, are received nano-hollow carbon pipe
Rice hollow ceramic pipe or capillary hollow ceramic pipe, nano-hollow Ceramic Balls, capillary hollow ceramic ball or ball, nano-hollow carbon
Any one or a few system in the hollow carbon pipe of Guan Huo, capillary, nano-hollow silicon element pipe and capillary hollow silicon element pipe
At.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein is also coated on the outer surface of thermal insulation layer
Metallic reflective layer containing metal, for reducing the surface emissivity coefficient or ability of thermal insulation layer, the roughness of the metallic reflective layer
Less than or equal to 1.6.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein metal in metallic reflective layer be nickel,
Any one or more in chromium, titanium, aluminium, copper, silver and gold.
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein the wavelength that infrared ray is is 1.3-
9.7um。
Infra-red radiation part provided by the invention, also has the feature that, wherein radiation ontology is board-like.
The present invention also provides a kind of infrared emittances characterized by comprising infra-red radiation part, for passing through heating
The infrared ray generated to external radiation, wherein infra-red radiation part is above-mentioned infra-red radiation part.
Infrared emittance provided by the invention also has a feature in that wherein the inside of infra-red radiation part has tool
There is heating circuit, generates infrared ray by being electrically heated after connection electricity to external radiation.
Invention action and effect
Infra-red radiation part and infrared emittance provided by the invention, it is therein for being generated by heating to external radiation
The infra-red radiation part of infrared ray include radiation ontology, since at least one surface of the radiation ontology is to pass through with multiple
The radiating surface of pit that surface indentation is formed and equally distributed, and each pit meets: and D/R1≤1, D are a pit
Depth, R1 be the pit near coal-mine radius especially can so infra-red radiation part can be improved to infrared radiation effect
The radiation effect for the infrared ray that wave-length coverage is 1.3um-9.7um is increased substantially, simultaneously, moreover it is possible to greatly improve to external radiation
Infrared ray congregational rate, also can gather radiation to a direction, to be able to achieve docking for the direction of external radiation
The directed radiation for receiving the object of infra-red radiation, this avoid to unnecessary wave caused by different directions divergent radiation
Take, so as to reduce the overall dimensions of infra-red radiation part, and then entirety reduces the overall dimensions of infrared emittance, and reducing need to
The overall power for the radiator wanted.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of infrared emittance involved in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the explosive decomposition figure of infrared emittance involved in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the part partial structurtes enlarged structure schematic diagram of infra-red radiation part involved in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of internal electrode involved in embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the supporting element of infra-red radiation part involved in embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the infra-red radiation spectrum curve under a kind of operating condition for the infrared emittance that embodiment is related to；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram for the infrared emittance that variation is related to；
Fig. 8 is the explosive decomposition figure for the infrared emittance that variation is related to；
Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional view for the infrared emittance that variation is related to.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.For specific method or material used in embodiment
Material, those skilled in the art can carry out conventional replacement according to existing technology and select on the basis of the technology of the present invention thinking
It selects, is not limited solely to the specific record of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of infrared emittance involved in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the explosive decomposition figure of infrared emittance involved in embodiment.
Infrared emittance 1 provided in this embodiment includes: 100, two external electrodes 200, infra-red radiation parts of quartz container
300, two internal electrodes 400 and infrared external reflection part 500.
Quartz container 100 has internal cavities 110, and internal cavities 110 are in vacuum, in the present embodiment, internal cavities
The range of 110 vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1 support (torr), at this point it is possible to think that the thermal convection of internal cavities 110 disappears, from
And thermal loss is reduced, the infra-red radiation needed is generated with main.The appearance of quartz container 100 can be various shape, as long as
Wall sealing, to allow internal cavities 110 to form the space of vacuum, in the present embodiment, quartz container 100 is tubulose.
In addition, the quartzy purity for preparing quartz container 100 is preferably equal to or greater than 99.99%, and under the premise of this, Ke Yixuan
It is prepared with colorless and transparent crystal namely the content of silica reaches w (SiO2The stone of the standard of) >=99.99% (4N)
English (weight ratio), also using having the bubble quartz containing diameter less than or equal to 100um to be prepared, these can be preferably
Through Infrared Targets line, it ensures its transmitance.
Internal cavities 110 are connected with the outside of quartz container in addition, being additionally provided on the wall of quartz container 100
Exhaust pipe 120 is vacuum-treated internal cavities 110 by the exhaust pipe 120.Exhaust pipe 120 holds using with preparation quartz
The identical material of device is prepared.
Two external electrodes 200 are correspondingly separately positioned on two end faces 130 of the wall of quartz container 100, and
One end of external electrode 200 is used to be electrically connected with power supply line.In the present embodiment, two end faces 130 are respectively to hold to quartz
Two sealing ends that device 100 obtains after being sealed, so one end setting of each external electrode 200 is sealed accordingly
The outside at end 130.
Infra-red radiation part 300 is mounted in internal cavities 110, for by heating the infrared ray generated to external radiation.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlargement structural representation of infra-red radiation part involved in embodiment.
As shown in figure 3, infra-red radiation part 300 includes radiation ontology 310, the inside of the radiation ontology 310 has heating electric
Road generates heat after connection is electric.Radiate ontology 310 at least one surface be with it is multiple by surface indentation formed and
The radiating surface 312 of equally distributed pit 311 namely at least one surface are radiating surfaces 312, and this radiating surface 312 is
With multiple equally distributed pits 311 formed by surface indentation.By equally distributed pit 311, can incite somebody to action
180 degree radiation on script radiating surface 312 becomes to radiate or have the radiation centainly oriented in the convergence that normal orientation is reinforced,
And improve its radiation coefficient.
Pit 311 has hole bottom 311a, crater wall 311b and near coal-mine 311c.
Hole bottom 311a be arranged in pit 311 recess bottom end, crater wall 311b be around hole bottom 311a and along hole bottom 311a to
Outside, it namely upwardly extends and to be formed, the opening on the top of crater wall 311b is near coal-mine 311c.
In the present embodiment, each pit 311 meets: D/R1≤1,
Wherein, D is the depth of a pit 311, namely the height from hole bottom 311a near coal-mine 311c；
R1 is the radius of the near coal-mine 311c of the pit 311, here, this radius are as follows: can just cover the near coal-mine 311c
When circle radius.Namely this near coal-mine 311c is covered with a circle, the radius of the circle when that can just cover regards
For the radius R1 of this pit 311.
When above-mentioned pit 311 meets D/R1≤1, infra-red radiation part 300 can be improved to infrared radiation effect, especially
It is the radiation effect that can increase substantially the infrared ray that wave-length coverage is 1.3um-9.7um, simultaneously, moreover it is possible to greatly improve outward
The congregational rate of the infrared ray of radiation also can gather radiation to a direction, to be able to achieve for the direction of external radiation
To the directed radiation for receiving radiation object, this avoid to unnecessary waste caused by different directions divergent radiation,
So as to reduce the overall dimensions of infra-red radiation part 300, and then entirety reduces the overall dimensions of infrared emittance 1, and reducing need to
The overall power for the radiator wanted.
In addition, the sideline distance between two adjacent near coal-mine 311c meets in the present embodiment: L≤R2/2,
Wherein, R2 is the average value of all near coal-mine 311c radius R1,
L is that the distance of the line of centres of two adjacent near coal-mine corresponding circles of 311c subtracts the two near coal-mine 311c again
Respective radius R1, line of centres distance are also the near coal-mine 311c that just can respectively cover two adjacent pits 311 respectively
Two round the distance between centers can just cover for example, two adjacent pits 311 are respectively pit a and pit b
The circle of pit a is A, and the circle that can just cover pit b is B, and circle A and the circle respective radius of B are respectively ra and rb, they
The distance between center is LA-B, then above-mentioned L=LA-B-ra-rb.
The inventors discovered that when the sideline distance between two adjacent near coal-mine 311c meets L≤R2/2, it can be further
The efficiency of outside radiated infrared is greatly improved, as long as being capable of processing, and the smaller L of L is smaller, radiation efficiency is higher, and directionality more collects
In.
The present inventors have additionally discovered that when D/R2 and R2/L take biggish numerical value, i.e., cheat deep, and is not cheated at this time
When interval area between the plane of covering, namely hole and hole is smaller, the infrared radiation that is generated in pit, it is necessary to pass through
It is near coal-mine just to emit, in this way, the near coal-mine radius R2 and depth D in hole cooperation, limitation will be generated to radiation direction, can be obtained
To the more sharp Energy distribution in radiating surface normal direction.When D/R2 takes larger and when enforceable value can be processed, and R/L is taken
Biggish numerical value and it is processable when, the infrared normal direction radiation coefficient of the source of infrared radiation of the invention can be made close to theoretical pole
Limit 1.
" when D/R2 take it is larger and when enforceable value can be processed, and R/L take biggish numerical value and it is processable when " specific solution
Releasing is: that is, when L is close to 0, i.e., almost without the surface for not doing hole structure, all radiation energies all can only be near coal-mine
Inside is projected, the synergy of the radiation intensification material due to cheating and cheating interior coating, at this time not by near coal-mine structure limitation direction
Energy accounting very little.If D/R is reached a certain level at this time, that is, cheat deep and near coal-mine smaller, radiating surface at this time
0 will be approached to the reflection coefficient of 1.3-9.7um, according to radiation coefficient=1- reflection coefficient, radiation coefficient will approach 1 at this time.
In addition, in order to can be further improved the efficiency of outside infrared radiation, in the present embodiment, to each pit 311
Near coal-mine size, also can just cover this it is near coal-mine when diameter of a circle 2R, propose limitation, specifically: relative to radiation
The size of longest side length in the side length in face 312, when the size of the longest side length is greater than 10mm, near coal-mine size is preferentially small
In being equal to the 10% of the longest size dimension, when the size of the longest side length is less than 10mm, preferably near coal-mine size is small
In the size for waiting the longest side length in 30%.The limitation range can maximally improve the outside radiated infrared of radiating surface 312
Efficiency.
In addition, the size of hole bottom 311a can be greater than the size of near coal-mine 311c, at this time most beneficial for the infrared of radiation
Directionality；The size of hole bottom 311a might be less that the size of near coal-mine 311c, and production technology is relatively easy at this time, production cost
It is lower.Similarly, the size of hole bottom 311a here is diameter of a circle when can just cover the hole bottom, near coal-mine 311c's
Having a size of can just cover this it is near coal-mine when diameter of a circle.
In addition, the shape of near coal-mine 311c can the arbitrary shape such as round or polygon be but preferably triangle four
Any one or more combination in side shape, pentagon and hexagon, it is more preferable to the bunched effect of infra-red radiation, especially
When for regular hexagon, the directionality of infra-red radiation can be preferably controlled, and facilitate processing.
In addition, when preparation radiation ontology 310 material in containing aluminum oxide, silica, aluminium nitride, silicon carbide,
One of zirconium oxide, cordierite and mullite are a variety of, can improve electric conversion efficiency, and due to containing these
Material adstante febre dissipative shock wave is low, so the service life of radiation ontology can be greatly improved.It is similar in order to achieve the effect that, system
The material of standby radiation ontology 310 can be ceramic material.
In addition, being covered on radiating surface 312 containing the radiating layer for helping the material for improving infrared emittance, wherein radiation
Layer material preferably, be graphene, aluminum oxide, silica, aluminium nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, cordierite and
Mullite, iron and its compound, manganese and its compound and one or both of rare earth and its compound, these material energy
By changing the gray scale of radiating surface 312, to improve infrared emittance.
In addition, being plated on the gap being spaced on radiating surface other than all pits 311 namely between each pit 311
The roughness of metallic reflective layer containing metal, the metallic reflective layer is less than or equal to 1.6.At this point, at this point, the metallic reflective layer
In metal be preferably any one or more in nickel, chromium, titanium, aluminium, copper, silver and gold.
In addition, in order to further strengthen the directionality to infra-red radiation, at least one surface of radiation ontology 310 is
Smooth shiny surface 313, namely it is not provided with any pit, moreover, most preferably, the roughness of the shiny surface 313 is allowed to be less than or equal to
1.6, the ability of the radiation outside infrared radiation of ontology 310 can be allowed to reduce in this way, i.e., gray scale reduces, and it is smooth from this to reduce energy
Face 313 comes out, to improve the infrared directionality radiated from radiating surface 312.
Alternatively, by also plating the metallic reflective layer containing metal on shiny surface 313, and the metallic reflective layer is thick
Rugosity can also reach again smaller than being equal to 1.6 and be similarly oriented effect, the roughness of shiny surface 313 can not consider at this time.This
When, the metal in metallic reflective layer is also preferably any one or more in nickel, chromium, titanium, aluminium, copper, silver and gold.
Also alternatively, the thermal insulation layer containing heat-barrier material can be covered on shiny surface 313, by heat-barrier material carry out every
Heat so that plus thermogenetic heat, it is few to be distributed from shiny surface 313, so as to allow energy mainly to emit from radiating surface 312,
And then improve the infrared radiation efficiency for the orientation that the radiating surface 312 of system is radiated.
Heat-barrier material is nano-hollow ceramic tube, capillary hollow ceramic pipe, nano-hollow Ceramic Balls, capillary hollow ceramic
Ball, nano-hollow carbon pipe, the hollow carbon pipe of capillary, nano-hollow silicon element pipe, capillary hollow silicon element pipe, aeroge, high temperature resistant
And thermal conductivity is greater than one or more of the plastic material of 3W/ (m.K), and aeroge is nano-hollow ceramic tube, capillary sky
Heart ceramic tube, nano-hollow Ceramic Balls, capillary hollow ceramic ball, nano-hollow carbon pipe, the hollow carbon pipe of capillary, nanometer are empty
Any one or a few in heart silicon element pipe, capillary hollow silicon element pipe is made.
Wherein, the unit W/ (m.K) of the thermal conductivity of the plastic material of high temperature resistant and thermal conductivity greater than 3W/ (m.K), as
Watt/(rice is opened).
In order to reach better effect, above-mentioned metallic reflective layer can also be also plated in the outer surface of thermal insulation layer, used
Thermal insulation layer is reduced in the infra-red radiation gray scale for reducing thermal insulation layer outer surface to reduce the surface emissivity coefficient or ability of thermal insulation layer
The infrared energy that outer surface gives off.In this way, by metallic reflective layer, and will enable to pass through thermal insulation layer by temperature pole
The infrared radiation coefficient of the shiny surface 312 reduced greatly is directly reduced to 0.1-0.15, further by common 0.6-0.8
The infrared energy loss of shiny surface 312 is reduced, to greatly improve the infrared radiation effect of the orientation of system
Rate
Two internal electrodes 400 are respectively corresponded with two external electrodes 200 respectively, one end of each internal electrode 400
It is electrically connected with the other end of corresponding external electrode 200, and the other end of internal electrode is electrically connected with infra-red radiation part 300, with
Give infra-red radiation part 300 electrified regulation.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of internal electrode involved in embodiment.
Since the external electrode 200 being electrically connected with internal electrode 400 is arranged at sealing end 130, so the present embodiment
In, as shown in figure 4, internal electrode 400 is the small slim-lined construction of cross-sectional dimension, preferably wedge: the shape can be reduced conduction
Heat loss to increase the thermal resistance of heat conduction path, and then reduces the conduction energy loss of entire infrared emittance 1, improves red
The efficiency of external radiation；And when infra-red radiation part 100 works, the mechanical deformation that high temperature generates will not be to quartz container 100
Sealing end 130 form very big stress, to avoid damage quartz container 1, and then can guarantee true in quartz container 100
Reciprocal of duty cycle.
In addition, the material of internal electrode 400 generally preferably molybdenum materials matter, and generally use molybdenum sheet.
In addition, in the present embodiment, radiation ontology 310 be it is board-like, the front of radiation ontology 310 is radiating surface 312, with this
The corresponding back side in front and four sides are shiny surface 313.At this point, radiation ontology both ends two sides, respectively with phase
Two internal electrodes 400 answered are electrically connected, and two sides at this time can also be electrode surface.In the present embodiment, due to electricity
Pole-face is connect with internal electrode 400, so not carrying out above-mentioned plating the gold containing metal to the shiny surface 313 for electrode surface
Belong to reflective layer.
Infrared external reflection part 500 is mounted in the internal cavities 110 of quartz container 100, and is located at the back of radiation ontology 310
The side of the shiny surface 313 in face, and the shiny surface 313 can be completely covered by.In the present embodiment, 500 sets of infrared external reflection part infrared
On the shiny surface 313 of radiation component 300, then it is encapsulated in together again in the internal cavities 110 of quartz container 100.Also, this is red
External reflectance part 500 is more than or equal to 0.7 to the reflection coefficient for the infrared ray that wave-length coverage is 1.3um-9.7um.In this way, by red
The infrared ray given off from the shiny surface 313 at the back side of radiation ontology 310 can be reflected back again by the reflection of external reflectance part 500
It goes, to can be further improved directionality of the infrared ray to external radiation.The infrared external reflection part is using rafifinal, high purity copper, high-purity
One of iron, stainless steel and high-temperature resistance plastice material a variety of are prepared.
In addition, since infra-red radiation part 300 has certain quality, if the quality be loaded directly into internal electrode 400,
Internal electrode 400 will be damaged and collapsed, to cause short circuit or 300 deviation post of infra-red radiation part, is also unfavorable for product fortune
Defeated and use.So infra-red radiation part 300 is supported and fixed on quartz container by two supporting elements 320 respectively in the present embodiment
On two end faces of 100 two external electrodes 200 of setting, two end faces of this in the present embodiment namely two sealing ends 130,
Meanwhile infrared external reflection part 500 is also to do support by two supporting elements 320 to fix.In this way, two supporting elements 320 can be right
Infra-red radiation part 300 and infrared external reflection part 500 are played a supporting role, prevent their deviation posts and with 110 table of internal cavities
Face contact.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the supporting element of infra-red radiation part involved in embodiment.
Also, in the present embodiment, supporting element 320 is bending strip, namely by bending in the bending knot similar to spring leaf
High temperature generates each component when infra-red radiation part 300 works thermal expansion can be absorbed directly to quartz in structure, this warp architecture
Stress caused by the sealing end 130 of container 100, also can be during Absorption And Transportation to infra-red radiation part 300 and infrared external reflection part
500 vibratory impulse.
In addition, infrared external reflection part 500 is semicircular in shape, and abuts internal cavities 110 in the present embodiment, in this way,
In larger vibration amplitude process, it can ensure that the infrared external reflection part 500 and internal cavities 110 in larger face contact, are conducive to protect
Internal cavities 110 are impacted by lesser pressure without being destroyed.Further, since infrared external reflection part 500 abuts internal cavities
110, so can be played when infra-red radiation part 300 and infrared external reflection part 500 are installed into internal cavities 110 together
Certain positioning and supporting role.
The thickness range of infrared external reflection part 500 is less than or equal to 2mm, is due to being less than or equal to 2mm, smaller more energy in this way
Reduce infrared external reflection part 500 thermal capacitance, and more than 2mm after, quality is overweight, can cause to supporting element 320 and other support constructions
Pressure.Furthermore it is preferred that the thickness range is 0.4-2mm, it is because this infrared external reflection part 500 can also be to infrared spoke
Penetrate part 300 and play support protective effect, so and need certain mechanical strength, so thickness is preferably greater than 0.4mm.
In addition, in order to allow infrared external reflection part 500 to have a stronger reflection characteristic to the infrared ray of 1.3um-9.7um, while and
And the part energy of absorption can also be become the own radiation of material and be radiated, it can be such that in infrared external reflection part
500 inner surface or outer surface, or simultaneously in its inner surface and the outer surface, in plated film copper, chromium, titanium, aluminium, silver and gold
One kind；Alternatively, inner surface or outer surface in infrared external reflection part, or simultaneously in its inner surface and the outer surface, coating
(nano thin-film refers to by having a size of nanometer quantity the nano thin-layer of any one in indium oxide, tin oxide and dysprosia
The constituent element of grade (1-100nm) is embedded in matrix and is formed by thin-film material, it has both conventional composite materials and modern nano material
The superiority of the two).
Here own radiation is exactly the temperature that object reaches certain, the infra-red radiation that can be issued at this temperature, institute
With by can reduce the radiant energy intensity on reflecting element 500 to the above-mentioned plated film of infrared external reflection part 500 or coating, into
The radiation efficiency and its directed radiation performance of one-step optimization radiating surface.
In addition, the 110 face shiny surface 313 of inner surface namely internal cavities of 100 face shiny surface 313 of quartz container
On inner surface, it is covered with infrared reflecting layer 140, the infrared ray which is 1.3um-9.7um to wave-length coverage
Reflection coefficient be more than or equal to 0.7, in this way, further will likely from internal radiation come out infrared reflection go back, thus
Further improve the directionality of infra-red radiation.
In addition, the material of infrared reflecting layer 140 is one of nickel, chromium, titanium, aluminium, copper, silver and ceramics or a variety of.
In addition, the vacuum level requirements in order to guarantee inner cavity cavity 110 in use, prepare the quartz of quartz container 100
In, the impurity content contained is less than or equal to 30 × 10-6Mg/g is just can guarantee in this way in use, being farthest avoided that height
The lower volatile matter volatilization of temperature is excessive and the vacuum degree of internal cavities 110 is caused to decline.
In addition, prepare in the quartz of quartz container 100, the concentration of the hydroxyl contained also require lower than 50 μ g/g (according to
GB/T 12442-1990 detection), the transmitance of infrared ray can be maximally improved in this way, radiated to be promoted from radiating surface 312
Transmitance of the infrared ray in quartz cavity.
The course of work:
The course of work of detailed description below infrared emittance 1 provided by the invention.
Firstly, foreign current flows through internal electrode 400 by external electrode 200, added with being powered to infra-red radiation part 300
Heat, to convert electric energy to thermal energy, driving radiation 310 temperature of ontology rises to 400-1300K (kelvin degree).
Then, thermal energy is transmitted to each surface of radiation ontology 310, as follows later:
On radiating surface 312, by the effect of the radiating layer of the multiple pits 311 and covering that are evenly arranged, its spoke is promoted
The infrared radiation coefficient in face 312 is penetrated to 0.96-0.98, so the energy for being transmitted to radiating surface 312 is changed into wavelength in 1.3um-
The infrared ray of 9.7um, and pass through the effect of pit 311, improve the directionality of 312 radiation direction of radiating surface；
For shiny surface 313 (not including the shiny surface as electrode surface in the present embodiment), if surface is coated with above-mentioned gold
Belong to reflective layer obtained from smooth light surface, or for roughness can be less than or equal to 1.6 smooth light surface, then
Heat is also up to herein, although and its temperature and radiating surface 312 it is almost equal, due to the smooth light on its surface, can make
The infrared radiation coefficient obtained on the shiny surface 313 is reduced to 0.1-0.15 or so, greatly reduces and radiates from shiny surface 313
The infrared energy gone out, to make more energy mainly launch from radiating surface 312, to improve entire infrared spoke
The radiation efficiency in source is penetrated, namely improves the directionality of radiation；
For shiny surface 313, if covering thermal insulation layer on shiny surface 313, little heat can reach herein, and its temperature
It is substantially reduced than radiating surface 312, so the infrared energy radiateing from shiny surface 313 will be significantly reduced, this makes more
More energy can only be launched from radiating surface 312, to improve the radiation efficiency of the entire source of infrared radiation, also improve
The directionality of radiation；
For shiny surface 313 (not including the shiny surface as electrode surface in the present embodiment), if covering thermal insulation layer and at this
Above-mentioned metallic reflective layer is plated above thermal insulation layer, then the temperature on the shiny surface 313 is on the one hand reduced significantly by thermal insulation layer
Reduce from 313 infra red energy density of the shiny surface, on the other hand, by metallic reflective layer, and will enable logical
The infrared radiation coefficient for the shiny surface 313 that thermal insulation layer reduces temperature greatly is crossed by common 0.6-0.8, is directly reduced to
0.1-0.15, so that the infrared energy loss of shiny surface 313 is further reduced, to greatly improve system
Orientation infrared radiation efficiency.
Then, a part of infrared energy can still be given off from the shiny surface 313 at shiny surface 313, the especially back side.
At this point, most of energy can not be kept away when the infrared ray shot out from the shiny surface 313 at the back side is during to external radiation
That exempts from encounters the infrared external reflection part 500 in radiation 310 reverse side of ontology.Infrared external reflection part 500 is again by 70 85% at this time
Above preparation escape infrared ray is reflected into again above radiation ontology 310, continues to generate heat.Certain part energy will
It can be reflected back infrared external reflection part 500 again, and continue to be reflected back by infrared external reflection part 500 on radiation ontology 310.It is so anti-
It is multiple, get off in this way, only sub-fraction can be become heat on infrared external reflection part 500 by the infrared energy for preparing escape
HEATING INFRARED reflecting element 500, so temperature above infrared external reflection part 500 will be into compared to the surface temperature of shiny surface 313
One step reduces very much, for example, the surface temperature of shiny surface 313 is 600 degree, and the temperature above infrared external reflection part 500 can drop
As low as 200 degree.The energy of HEATING INFRARED reflecting element 500, a part will be formed red by the inner surface of the infrared external reflection part 500
External radiation, back to infra-red radiation part 300 on it is heated, and another part energy will be in infrared external reflection part 500
Outer surface to external radiation.At this point, since the temperature above infrared external reflection part 500 is greatly lower than radiation ontology 310
Shiny surface 313, so the ir radiant power density meeting very little of infrared external reflection part 500, moreover, 500 outer surface of infrared external reflection part
And have stronger reflection characteristic to the infrared ray that wave-length coverage is 1.3um-9.7um, so 500 outer surface of infrared external reflection part
Infra-red radiation ability is very weak, the infrared energy for reducing 500 outer surface of infrared external reflection part so further and its
Energy accounting.
It, will be in 100 inner surface infrared reflecting layer of quartz container by infrared external reflection part 500 to the infrared ray of external radiation
140, it is most of to be reflected back toward infrared external reflection part 500 again, it is heated, energy a part after heating passes through infrared external reflection
The inner surface of part 500 is radiated on infra-red radiation part 300 and heats to it, most of energy continue through radiating surface 312 into
Row radiation, the infrared energy and its energy accounting reduced from 140 outer surface of infrared reflecting layer so further,
To reduce the radianting capacity of radiant tube backward, so that more energy can only be radiated by radiating surface 312, increase
The capacity of orientation of radiation.
As a result, by above-mentioned process, the directionality of common thermal radiation can be made positive and negative by infra-red radiation part 300
The complete cycle radiation (360 degree of i.e. usually said radiation) on two sides becomes single side radiation (i.e. usually said 180 degree direction spoke
Penetrate), being exactly that infrared ray is most of mainly shoots out from the front of radiation ontology 310 namely radiating surface 312, and the back side is smooth
Almost seldom infrared energy can come out in the direction in face 313.
Fig. 6 is the infra-red radiation spectrum curve under a kind of operating condition of infrared emittance that embodiment is related to.
From fig. 6 it can be seen that embodiment provide infrared emittance 1 under a kind of operating condition, infra-red radiation spectrum curve
Very close to the radiation curve of black matrix, it is seen then that this patent greatly improves the red of radiating surface to the treatment measures of radiating surface
External radiation gray scale improves the ability of the infra-red radiation on the face.
Variation
This variation is a kind of deformation of embodiment tubulose.
In this variation, identical structure using identical figure number and omits identical explanation as embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram for the infrared emittance that variation is related to；
Fig. 8 is the explosive decomposition figure for the infrared emittance that variation is related to；
Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional view for the infrared emittance that variation is related to.
As shown in figs. 7 to 9, the infrared emittance 2 that this variation provides includes: quartz container 2100, external electrode
2200, infra-red radiation part 2300, internal electrode 2400 and infrared external reflection part 2500.
In this variation, the knot of infra-red radiation part 2300, quartz container 2100 and infrared external reflection part 2500 and variation
All, part that all parts include and successively arrangement mode are also and in embodiment for structure, set-up mode and material etc.
Equally, and quartz container 2100 in embodiment material and set-up mode as, 2110 face of cavity is smooth inside it
On the inner surface in face 2313, it is again covered with infrared reflecting layer 2140.
The difference is that, the shape of the quartz container 2100 of this variation is bulb-shaped, and entire red with embodiment
Outer generator 2 is also bulb-shaped, and the quartz container 2100 for thereby resulting in this variation only forms sealing end 2130, institute at one end
With exhaust pipe 2120 also in the sealing end, and two external electrodes 2200 and two internal electrodes 2400 are all in the sealing end.This
In variation, 2420 in internal electrode pass through welding, bond together with 2210 (firewires) in external electrode, and keep
It is electrically connected, 2410 in internal electrode are bonded together, and keep being electrically connected by welding with external electrode 2220 (zero curve).
The current trend being consequently formed is as shown in arrow direction in Fig. 9.
In addition, insulated part 2230 is arranged in the end of external electrode 2210, thus by firewire and zero in this variation
Between line keep insulation, while this it is partially cured after have bonding effect, can by external electrode 2210, internal electrode 2410, row
Tracheae 2120, internal electrode 2420, external electrode 2220 all bond together, and with the sealing end of quartz container 2,100 2130
Be bonded together fixation.
Embodiment action and effect
The infra-red radiation part and infrared emittance that the present embodiment and variation provide respectively, it is respectively therein for passing through
Heating and to external radiation generate infrared ray infra-red radiation part all include radiation ontology, due at least the one of the radiation ontology
A surface is the radiating surface with multiple pits formed by surface indentation and equally distributed, and each pit meets:
D/R1≤1, D are the depth of a pit, and R1 is the near coal-mine radius of the pit, so infra-red radiation part can be improved to infrared
Radiation effect, can especially increase substantially wave-length coverage be 1.3um-9.7um infrared ray radiation effect, meanwhile, also
The congregational rate to the infrared ray of external radiation can be greatly improved, also can gather spoke to a direction for the direction of external radiation
It penetrates, to be able to achieve the directed radiation that the object of infra-red radiation is received in docking, this avoid to different directions divergent radiation
Caused by unnecessary waste, so as to reduce the overall dimensions of infra-red radiation part, and then whole reduce the whole of infrared emittance
Body size, and reduce the overall power of the radiator of needs.
Claims (21)
1. a kind of infra-red radiation part characterized by comprising
Ontology is radiated, the infrared ray for being generated by heating to external radiation,
At least one surface of the radiation ontology is with multiple pits formed by surface indentation and equally distributed
Radiating surface,
The pit have the hole bottom that bottom end is set, around the hole bottom and along it is described cheat the crater wall that extends outward to form of bottom with
And in the near coal-mine of the crater wall top,
Each pit meets: D/R1≤1,
D is the depth of a pit, and R1 is the near coal-mine radius of the pit,
One near coal-mine radius be can just cover this it is near coal-mine when circle radius.
2. infra-red radiation part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, two it is adjacent it is described it is near coal-mine between sideline distance meet: L≤R2/2,
R2 is the average value of all near coal-mine radiuses,
L is that subtract the two again near coal-mine respective for the distance of the line of centres of two adjacent near coal-mine corresponding circles
Radius.
3. infra-red radiation part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, when the size of the longest side length of the radiating surface is greater than 10mm, each near coal-mine size is less than or equal to should
The 10% of the size of longest side length,
When the size of the longest side length is less than or equal to 10mm, each near coal-mine size is less than or equal to the longest side length
Size 30%,
The near coal-mine size be can just cover this it is near coal-mine when diameter of a circle.
4. infra-red radiation part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, it prepares in the material of the radiation ontology and contains aluminum oxide, silica, aluminium nitride, silicon carbide, oxidation
One of zirconium, cordierite and mullite are a variety of.
5. infra-red radiation part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the radiation ontology is prepared for ceramic material.
6. infra-red radiation part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the hole bottom size of the pit is greater than the near coal-mine size or the size at the hole bottom is less than or equal to the hole
The size of mouth,
The size at the hole bottom is diameter of a circle when can just cover the hole bottom,
The near coal-mine size be can just cover this it is near coal-mine when diameter of a circle.
7. infra-red radiation part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the near coal-mine shape is round or polygon.
8. infra-red radiation part according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the near coal-mine shape is any one in triangle, quadrangle, pentagon and hexagon.
9. infra-red radiation part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, it is covered on the radiating surface containing the radiating layer for helping the material for improving infrared emittance.
10. infra-red radiation part according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the material be graphene, aluminum oxide, silica, aluminium nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, cordierite and
Mullite, iron and its compound, manganese and its compound and one or both of rare earth and its compound.
11. infrared emittance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the metallic reflective layer containing metal is plated on the radiating surface except all pits, the metallic reflective layer
Roughness be less than or equal to 1.6.
12. infra-red radiation part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, at least one surface of the radiation ontology is smooth shiny surface,
The roughness of the shiny surface is less than or equal to plate the metallic reflective layer containing metal on 1.6 or the shiny surface, the gold
The roughness for belonging to reflective layer is less than or equal to 1.6.
13. infra-red radiation part according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, at least one surface of the radiation ontology is shiny surface,
The thermal insulation layer containing heat-barrier material is covered on the shiny surface.
14. infrared emittance according to claim 13, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, heat-barrier material is nano-hollow ceramic tube, capillary hollow ceramic pipe, nano-hollow Ceramic Balls, capillary hollow ceramic
Ball, nano-hollow carbon pipe, the hollow carbon pipe of capillary, nano-hollow silicon element pipe, capillary hollow silicon element pipe, aeroge, high temperature resistant
And thermal conductivity is greater than one or more of the plastic material of 3W/ (m.K),
The aeroge be nano-hollow ceramic tube, capillary hollow ceramic pipe, nano-hollow Ceramic Balls, capillary hollow ceramic ball,
The hollow carbon pipe of nano-hollow carbon pipe, capillary, nano-hollow silicon element pipe, any one or a few in capillary hollow silicon element pipe
It is made.
15. infra-red radiation part according to claim 13, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, it is also coated with the metallic reflective layer containing metal on the outer surface of the thermal insulation layer, for reducing the thermal insulation layer
The roughness of surface emissivity coefficient or ability, the metallic reflective layer is less than or equal to 1.6.
16. infra-red radiation part described in 1,12 and 15 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the metal in the metallic reflective layer is any one or more in nickel, chromium, titanium, aluminium, copper, silver and gold.
17. infra-red radiation part described in any one of -15 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the wavelength that the infrared ray is is 1.3-9.7um.
18. infra-red radiation part described in any one of -15 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the radiation ontology is board-like.
19. a kind of infrared emittance characterized by comprising
Infra-red radiation part, the infrared ray for being generated by heating to external radiation,
Wherein, the infra-red radiation part is infra-red radiation part described in claim 1-18 any one.
20. according to claim 19 infrared emittance, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the inside of the infra-red radiation part is with having heating circuit, by being electrically heated outside spoke after connection electricity
Penetrate generation infrared ray.
21. infrared emittance according to claim 20, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the infrared emittance is tubulose or bulb-shaped.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113950172A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-18 | 北京石墨烯研究院 | Graphene-based infrared emission heating device |
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