CN109889792A - A kind of Vehicular video based on V2X direct transfers method - Google Patents
A kind of Vehicular video based on V2X direct transfers method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a kind of Vehicular video based on V2X and direct transfers method, vehicle is by the video image of imaging device captured in real-time, using template matching be fade-in gradually go out blending algorithm carry out video image splice in real time, obtain the moment mobile unit full-view video image, recycle H.264 algorithm panoramic video is transferred directly to other mobile units.The imaging device systems and communication interaction resource taken full advantage of in intelligent bus or train route cooperative system are invented, the real-time splicing of vehicle-mounted panoramic video can be effectively solved the problems, such as or alleviate and are direct transferred.
Description
Technical field
It direct transfers method the present invention relates to a kind of Vehicular video based on V2X, belongs to intelligent vehicular visual technology and bus or train route is wireless
Communication technology interleaving techniques field.
Background technique
As the forward position direction of traffic in recent years scientific development, intelligent bus or train route cooperative system (Intelligent
Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative System, I-VICS) by the shape of all kinds of sensing facilities perception bus or train route
State information realizes that the information exchange between vehicle vehicle, bus or train route is shared by bus or train route wireless communication technique.In this traffic system:
On the one hand, for bus or train route (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure, V2I) system, weight of the red green indicator light as bus or train route interaction
Medium is wanted, can carry out broadcasting its status information by the peripherad mobile unit of the dedicated communication technology, vehicle is according to reception
The road section information that arrives carries out intelligent decision, calculates and obtains optimal suggestions route and optimal suggestion speed, guarantee vehicle with speed compared with
To be uniform, the time, more optimized mode passed through right-angled intersection;On the other hand, for vehicle vehicle (Vehicle-to-Vehicle,
V2V) system, vehicle receive the status information of surrounding vehicles node, such as the Position And Velocity information of surrounding vehicles, carry out further
Calculating analysis, intelligent decision is made with this and converts control signal for the result of decision, operating and controlling vehicle next step posture is realized
Vehicle collision avoids, queue with speeding, lane-change overtake other vehicles, effectively reduce the travel time of driver and ensured driving to a certain extent
The life security of member.
In intelligent bus or train route cooperative system, vehicle is the weight realizing vehicle and interacting with external information to extraneous environment sensing information
Want one of information.In order to make vehicle obtain the panoramic picture of ambient enviroment in real time, vehicle-mounted imaging device is for real time video image
It is complete splicing and the real-time ambient enviroment video interactive between vehicle vehicle, bus or train route come into being.In the video-splicing of mobile unit
During direct transferring, the imaging device on mobile unit has certain visual angle limitation, and there are the high-speed motion of vehicle and sets
The error of standby registration.Simple fusion method can bring the loss of video image high-frequency content, and complicated blending algorithm is then difficult to
Meet real-time, how to be able to satisfy its demand to real-time again in the integrality that guarantee video image splices and realized as vehicle
The big bottleneck that universe perception drives with remote auto.
General image mosaic technology is to be spliced into more sub-pictures using the similitude of the pixel of image lap
The big image of one width, wherein the feature extraction of image is the most key, directly affects the effect of image mosaic.The feature of image is generally wrapped
Include the angle point of image, profile and some not bending moments etc..Wherein, angle point is with calculation amount is small, adaptable, accuracy is high, information
The advantages that amount is abundant, becomes the most commonly used feature of image mosaic technology.Wherein, Harris Robust Algorithm of Image Corner Extraction is based on angle point
The common method of feature extraction, angle point corresponds to the high position of information content in image, for original image, using angle point into
Row camera calibration, matching and reconstruction can greatly improve precision but there are a large amount of corners Matchings, this
Method greatly reduces the speed of image procossing, influences the operational efficiency of algorithm.And the Scale invariant based on scale space is special
Levy the one of the feature matching method and image mosaic of converting (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform, SIFT)
Kind of common method, more steadily solves the image registration of different cameras, different time visual angle, but SIFT algorithm operation quantity
Greatly, when 4 width image need to be handled simultaneously, it is not able to satisfy the requirement of real-time video image splicing.
Existing technical resource how is efficiently used as a result, is asked to solve the real-time splicing of vehicle-mounted panoramic video with direct transferring
Topic is to need urgently to solve the problems, such as in current intelligent bus or train route cooperative system development.For vehicle individual, the panorama sense of vehicle
Know that information can be used for realizing the functions such as fleet management, vehicle danger avoidance, collaborative truck collision avoidance;It is real for intelligent vehicle future development
It is the following foundation stone realizing the perception of vehicle universe and remote auto and driving that existing Vehicular video, which splices in real time and direct transfers,.But with present
Harris Robust Algorithm of Image Corner Extraction and SIFT feature matching algorithm are all difficult to the panorama for meeting mobile unit for video image information
The requirement of real-time of splicing.
Summary of the invention
Have and proposes that a kind of Vehicular video based on V2X direct transfers method the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problem, benefit
With template matching and it is fade-in the integrality and real-time for gradually going out blending algorithm and realizing video-splicing, takes H.264 algorithm progress vehicle
The video for carrying equipment room direct transfers, and solves the problems, such as that the real-time of vehicle-mounted panoramic video splices and direct transfer.
The present invention is that a kind of Vehicular video based on V2X direct transfers method, is realized by following step:
Step 1: splicing vehicle-mounted multi-angle video image in real time, and carry out beautification fusion treatment;
The mobile unit is spliced rear video packet in real time and is transmitted directly to other mobile units by step 2;
Preferential, the specific steps of step 1 are as follows:
A. can be in coverage area in vehicle-mounted imaging device, multiple imaging device random shootings are several, and to cover vehicle-surroundings complete
The image is carried out mathematical modeling, is denoted as f (x, y), determines the resolution ratio and visibility of imaging device by the video image of scape;?
With under the premise of imaging device panorama farthest visual relative distance measurement, mobile unit imaging system constantly receives polygonal mobile unit
Spend real time video image;
B, imaging center is collected in from the real time video image that multiple imaging devices receive, repeatedly utilizes high speed template
With method, using sequential similar test algorithm --- SSDA method calculates the non-similarity of different video image, is denoted as DSIi(u,
v);
C, for vehicle-carrying communication unit i, the non-similarity DSI of the different video image of imaging centeri(u, v),
Wherein: DSIi (u, v) represents any one pixel in template as matching scale, i.e., non-similarity, t (p, q),
(u, v) is template and picture registration part top left corner pixel coordinate, the size of template are as follows: m × n;
D, rate matched is improved as far as possible in the premise of guarantee matching stability, each pixel in calculation template and image weight
The absolute value of the difference for closing part respective pixel uses dynamic thresholding method,
Thresh (n)=k1×θ+k2×n
θ=k1×θ+k2×N
Wherein, 0≤k1< 1,0≤k2< N, thresh (n) are threshold value selected by n-th, k1, k2For weighting coefficient, θ is initial
Threshold value, N are the maximum times for the threshold value chosen;
E, the DSI obtained by high speed template matching methodi(u, v) value further calculates out similar on different video image
The alternate position spike of this translation model is denoted as by the alternate position spike of pictureWith
F, video image to be spliced is translated according to assigned direction respectively according to template similitudeWithForm splicing
Video image afterwards, the part for translating recombination are known as transition region T;
G, with being fade-in gradually, blending algorithm obtains finally splicing target video figure to beautification fusion is carried out in transition region T out
Picture, is fade-in that gradually to go out blending algorithm handled for the gray value of pixel in overlapping region.
Preferably, step G be fade-in gradually go out blending algorithm calculation formula it is as follows:
In formula: FUSiThe gray value of (x, y) expression fused image pixel;f1(x, y) indicates left image pixel to be spliced
The gray value of point;f2(x, y) indicates the gray value of right image pixel to be spliced;w1、w2It is corresponding weight, and has w1+w2=
1,0 < w11,0 < w of <2< 1.Gradually go out method, w according to being fade-in1、w2Calculation formula are as follows:
In formula: xiFor the abscissa of current pixel point;x1For overlapping region left margin;xrFor overlapping region right margin.
Preferably, the specific steps of step 2 are as follows:
A, vehicle-mounted client and onboard servers end are opened, create socket on the client and be arranged socket attribute,
In information to socket including binding IP address, port, server is connected;
B, video data is then based on H.264 algorithm and carries out Real Time Compression and transmission processing;
C, the video image of each frame is after Real Time Compression, while in server end creation, setting socket, binding IP
Address, port, the connection for being then turned on monitoring, receiving client, at this point, server-side obtains the position of client vehicle first,
And judge whether block presence in the channel model transmission process of selection, if there is blocking, reduced rule is adjusted in time, is increased
The I number of frames in H.264 is formed after big compression, guarantees transmission reliability, while carrying out the reception of data packet, receives data packet
Afterwards real-time decoding, get video image information and play, after transmission process, close network connection, at this point, mobile unit
Between video direct transfer work completion.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) it direct transfers method the present invention is based on V2X Vehicular video, solves the real-time splicing of vehicle-mounted panoramic video and ask with direct transferring
Topic.It takes full advantage of imaging device systems in intelligent bus or train route cooperative system, can satisfy accuracy within an acceptable range
Under the premise of, using template matching and it is fade-in the integrality and real-time for gradually going out blending algorithm and realizing video-splicing, realizes that video is spelled
The integrality and real-time connect, and using the vehicle vehicle of bus or train route cooperative system, bus or train route communication interaction advantage, by spliced aphorama
Frequency is directly transmitted by local area network, greatly reduces transmission time;
(2) it direct transfers method the present invention is based on V2X Vehicular video, largely eliminates vehicle-mounted blind area, assist vehicle
Rear blind area vehicle, the children of check frequency and pet etc. are checked when turning sharp turn.Especially for the isometric boxcar of truck
Blind area eradicating efficacy it is significant.Long boxcar driver's seat is higher, and rearview mirror visual range is limited, and blind area is larger,
And Vehicular video splicing is utilized, driver can ensure significantly it according to full-view video image auxiliary judgment blind area environment
Safety.
(3) it direct transfers method the present invention is based on V2X Vehicular video, mobile unit on single or multiple programme paths can be passed through
The real time panoramic that direct transfers splicing video shifts to an earlier date the feasibility of the intelligent decision route, agility and safety.Intelligent vehicle is according to front
The video that direct transfers of vehicle, judges the operating condition of the route in advance on programme path, for vehicle encounters emergency case and changes certainly
Plan reserves the plenty of time, is also conducive to selection mobile unit and selects optimal traffic path.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is vehicle co-located method flow diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention is that a kind of Vehicular video based on V2X direct transfers method, is realized as shown in Figure 1, passing through following step:
Step 1: splicing vehicle-mounted multi-angle video image in real time, and carry out beautification fusion treatment;
A, can be in coverage area in vehicle-mounted imaging device, multiple imaging device random shootings are several, and to cover vehicle-surroundings complete
The image is carried out mathematical modeling, is denoted as f (x, y), determines the resolution ratio and visibility of imaging device by the video image of scape;?
With under the premise of imaging device panorama farthest visual relative distance measurement, mobile unit imaging system constantly receives polygonal mobile unit
Spend real time video image;
B, imaging center is collected in from the real time video image that multiple imaging devices receive, repeatedly utilizes high speed template
With method.To make template matching high speed, using sequential similar test algorithm --- SSDA method calculates the non-of different video image
Similarity is denoted as DSI (u, v).
C, for vehicle-carrying communication unit i, the non-similarity DSIi (u, v) of the different video image of imaging center
Wherein: DSIi(u, v) is as matching scale, i.e., non-similarity.T (p, q) represents any one pixel in template.
The centre coordinate of not instead of template and picture registration part that (u, v) is indicated, intersection top left corner pixel coordinate.Template
Size are as follows: m × n.
If D, had at image (u, v) and the consistent pattern of template, DSIi(u, v) value very little, it is then larger on the contrary.It is special
It is not under the completely inconsistent occasion of template and image lap, if each pixel and picture registration part in template
The absolute value of the difference of respective pixel successively increases down, and will be radically increased.Therefore, during doing addition, such as
Fruit absolute value of the difference part and when being more than a certain threshold value, be considered as on this position there is no and the consistent pattern of template, thus
It is transferred on next position and calculates DSIi(u,v).Due to calculating DSIi(u, v) is plus and minus calculation, and this calculating is big
Most position midways stop, therefore can significantly shorten and calculate the time, improve matching speed.In order to guarantee that matching is steady
Qualitative premise improves matching as far as possible and divides rate, and the selection of this patent uses dynamic threshold:
Thresh (n)=k1×θ+k2×n (2)
θ=k1×θ+k2×N (3)
Wherein, 0≤k1< 1,0≤k2< N, thresh (n) are threshold value selected by n-th, k1, k2For weighting coefficient, θ is initial
Threshold value, N are the maximum times for the threshold value chosen.
E, the DSI obtained by high speed template matching methodi(u, v) value further calculates out similar on different video image
The alternate position spike of this translation model is denoted as by the alternate position spike of pictureWith
F, video image to be spliced is translated according to assigned direction respectively according to template similitudeWithForm splicing
Video image afterwards, the part for translating recombination are known as transition region T.
G, since transition region inevitably has splicing seams, video image effect is influenced, so gradually go out blending algorithm using being fade-in,
To beautification fusion is carried out in transition region T, obtain finally splicing target video image.It is fade-in that gradually to go out blending algorithm be for overlay region
The gray value of pixel is handled in domain, and calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: FUSiThe gray value of (x, y) expression fused image pixel;f1(x, y) indicates left image pixel to be spliced
The gray value of point;f2(x, y) indicates the gray value of right image pixel to be spliced;w1、w2It is corresponding weight, and has w1+w2=
1,0 < w11,0 < w of <2< 1.Gradually go out method, w according to being fade-in1、w2Calculation formula are as follows:
In formula: xiFor the abscissa of current pixel point;x1For overlapping region left margin;xrFor overlapping region right margin.
The mobile unit is spliced rear video packet in real time and is transmitted directly to other mobile units by step 2;
A, vehicle-mounted client and onboard servers end are opened, create socket on the client and be arranged socket attribute,
In the information to socket such as binding IP address, port, server is connected.
B, it video data is then based on H.264 algorithm carries out Real Time Compression and transmission to handle, H.264 algorithm principle is such as
Under: the division of macro block is first carried out, in adjacent a few width image frames, general differentiated pixel only has the point within 10%, bright
It spends difference variation and is no more than 2%, and the variation of chroma difference only has within 1%, it is believed that such figure can assign to one group,
It is compressed respectively according to frame data compression principle and interframe compression principle again.H.264 encoder can according to different frame in image it
Between the amplitude size that changes of pixel value carry out selective compression, 3 kinds of formats of main boil down to, initial encoder is when compressing video
Full dose compression is done to retain original base data, that is, forms the I frame in H.264 after compressing, it is and then subsequent multiple with I frame phase
Delta compression formation P frame is done according to I frame than changing little picture frame;It then, can be dynamic when content frame is almost unchanged
Using bi-directional predictive coding and then prevent packet loss and reduce bandwidth, i.e., using I the or P frame of front and subsequent P frame as reference frame into
Row compression forms B frame.Since P frame and B frame have dependence to I frame, it may occur that I frame data loss leads to subsequent P frame, B frame
The chain reaction that can not be decoded and cause video image wrong always introduces packet sequence (GOP) coding, that is, every several frames time
A full dose I frame is encoded out, is one group of video packets sequence between two I frames.Accordingly even when part frame loss, influence are
The video playing of current group sequence.Then DCT conversion is carried out to residual error data, is finally carried out with lossless compressiong CABAC
Lossless compression.
C, the video image of each frame is after Real Time Compression, while in server end creation, setting socket, binding IP
Address, port, the connection for being then turned on monitoring, receiving client.At this point, server-side obtains the position of client vehicle first,
And judge whether block presence in the channel model transmission process of selection, if there is blocking, reduced rule is adjusted in time, is increased
Big I number of frames, guarantees transmission reliability.The reception of data packet is carried out simultaneously, is received real-time decoding after data packet, is got view
Frequency image information simultaneously plays.After transmission process, network connection is closed.At this point, the video between mobile unit direct transfers, work is complete
At.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the application, not to limit the application, all essences in the application
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should be included within the scope of the application protection.
Claims (4)
- A kind of method 1. Vehicular video based on V2X direct transfers, which is characterized in that this method is realized by following step: step 1, Splice vehicle-mounted multi-angle video image in real time, and carries out beautification fusion treatment;The mobile unit is spliced backsight by step 2 in real time Frequency packet is transmitted directly to other mobile units.
- 2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of step 1 are as follows:A. can be in coverage area in vehicle-mounted imaging device, multiple imaging device random shootings are several to cover vehicle-surroundings panorama The image is carried out mathematical modeling, is denoted as f (x, y), determines the resolution ratio and visibility of imaging device by video image;Vehicle-mounted For equipment under the premise of imaging device panorama farthest visual relative distance measurement, mobile unit imaging system constantly receives multi-angle reality When video image;B, imaging center is collected in from the real time video image that multiple imaging devices receive, repeatedly utilizes high speed template matching Method, using sequential similar test algorithm --- SSDA method calculates the non-similarity of different video image, is denoted as DSIi(u, v);C, for vehicle-carrying communication unit i, the non-similarity DSI of the different video image of imaging centeri(u, v),Wherein: DSIi(u, v) represents any one pixel, (u, v) in template as matching scale, i.e., non-similarity, t (P, q) It is template and picture registration part top left corner pixel coordinate, the size of template are as follows: m × n;D, rate matched is improved as far as possible in the premise of guarantee matching stability, each pixel in calculation template and picture registration portion The absolute value of the difference of respective pixel is divided to use dynamic thresholding method,Thresh (n)=k1×θ+k2×nθ=k1×θ+k2×NWherein, 0≤k1< 1,0≤k2< N, thresh (n) are threshold value selected by n-th, k1, k2For weighting coefficient, θ is initial threshold Value, N are the maximum times for the threshold value chosen;E, the DSI obtained by high speed template matching methodi(u, v) value further calculates out similar picture on different video image The alternate position spike of this translation model is denoted as by alternate position spikeWithF, video image to be spliced is translated according to assigned direction respectively according to template similitudeWithForm spliced view Frequency image, the part for translating recombination are known as transition region T;G, with being fade-in gradually, blending algorithm obtains finally splicing target video image, gradually to beautification fusion is carried out in transition region T out Entering gradually to go out blending algorithm is handled for the gray value of pixel in overlapping region.
- 3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized by: being fade-in for the step G gradually goes out blending algorithm calculation formula It is as follows:In formula: FUSiThe gray value of (x, y) expression fused image pixel;f1(x, y) indicates left image pixel to be spliced Gray value;f2(x, y) indicates the gray value of right image pixel to be spliced;w1、w2It is corresponding weight, and has w1+w2=1,0 < w11,0 < w of <2< 1.Gradually go out method, w according to being fade-in1、w2Calculation formula are as follows:In formula: xiFor the abscissa of current pixel point;x1For overlapping region left margin;xrFor overlapping region right margin.
- 4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the specific steps of step 2 are as follows:A, vehicle-mounted client and onboard servers end are opened, create socket on the client and socket attribute, binding are set In information to socket including IP address, port, server is connected;B, video data is then based on H.264 algorithm and carries out Real Time Compression and transmission processing;C, the video image of each frame creates, socket, binding IP is arranged after Real Time Compression, while in server end Location, port, the connection for being then turned on monitoring, receiving client, at this point, server-side obtains the position of client vehicle first, and Judge whether block presence in the channel model transmission process of selection, if there is blocking, adjust reduced rule in time, increases The I number of frames in H.264 is formed after compression, guarantees transmission reliability, while carrying out the reception of data packet, after receiving data packet Real-time decoding gets video image information and plays, and after transmission process, network connection is closed, at this point, between mobile unit Video direct transfer work completion.
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