CN109875542A - Method based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform - Google Patents
Method based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, include the following steps: S1, the data by acquiring acceleration, judge whether subject is kept in motion；S2, to the subject being kept in motion, the point centered on the center of measuring device, the point being set to around central point to central point and uniform ring respectively carries out the acquisition of reflecting light signal pulse wave data, and stores to data, while also storage records collected acceleration information together；S3, the filtering for carrying out motion artifacts to the data of S2 remove；So far dynamic pulse wave measurement is realized.The waveform that the present invention realizes the reflective annular measurement PPG of multiple spot can effectively carry out filtering out motion artifacts further according to the data of acceleration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform.
Background technique
Have on the market at present and blood volume is much measured by optical method to reach the sensor of measurement heart rate, but absolutely
The consumer goods are substantially one point of measurement to most sensor in other words, and result is also a heart rate value, not
Provide the preview of real-time measurement waveform.Subject is in the state of tranquillization, due to the heart that by the interference moved, do not measure
Rate value is substantially accurately.Once subject movement get up if will result in PPG (refer to photoplethysmographic graphical method,
PhotoPlethysmoGraphy, abbreviation PPG, carrys out monitor heart rate.Principle is very simple: blood is red, reflection feux rouges, absorption
Green light) pulse wave waveform disorder, the basic reason of waveform disorder be collected data be it is rambling, be shown in waveform
On the unrest compared, be difficult to find R wave crest on the basis of random waveform, can not find R wave crest and mean that the calculation heart
Rate will be calculated inaccurate, and R wave crest is the most fundamental foundation for detecting heart rate, if can't detect R wave crest, or since movement causes
The loss of R wave crest can all cause the inaccurate of detection heart rate.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform
Method, present invention utilizes the waveforms of the reflective annular measurement PPG of multiple spot, can be with by calculating further according to the data of acceleration
Effectively filter out motion artifacts.
A kind of technical solution to solve the above problems are as follows: side based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform
Method includes the following steps:
S1, the data by acquiring acceleration, judge whether subject is kept in motion；
S2, to the subject being kept in motion, the point centered on the center of measuring device, respectively to central point and uniform ring
Point around central point carries out the acquisition of reflecting light signal pulse wave data, and stores to data, collects simultaneously
Acceleration information also together storage record；
S3, the filtering for carrying out motion artifacts to the data of S2 remove；
So far dynamic pulse wave measurement is realized.
Further, the specific steps of S1 are as follows:
Acquire the data of acceleration；
If the data of collected acceleration are uniformly and not in the state of mutation, then it is assumed that subject is in tranquillization shape
State；
If the data of collected acceleration, i.e., the data of XYZ axis are mutated than more serious, then it is assumed that subject is in movement
State.
Further, the specific steps of S2 are as follows: the point centered on the center of measuring device, respectively to central point and uniform ring
Point around central point carries out the acquisition of reflecting light signal pulse wave data, and after amplifying circuit, each module is adopted
The data collected will carry out filtering out given threshold data below；Then by the collected analogue data amount of progress
Change, and stores the data to stand-by in buffer area；The acceleration information for acquiring corresponding multiple spot at the same time is read current
XYZ axle acceleration value is denoted as: X, Y, Z；So far the acquisition of initial data is completed.Given threshold is 0.16Hz.
Further, the central point is maintained at 2cm or more at a distance from the point that uniform ring is set to around central point.
Further, principal reflection formula acquisition device is arranged in the central point, and the uniform ring is set to the point around central point
Auxiliary reflective acquisition device is set；
The principal reflection formula acquisition device includes main acquisition reflection sensor, is set on the main acquisition reflection sensor
There are main reception light form and main emission light source device, the main reflected light for receiving light form and receiving visible red is described
Main emission light source device transmitting is visible feux rouges；
The auxiliary reflective acquisition device includes auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor, is set on the auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor
There are auxiliary reception light form and auxiliary emission light source device, the auxiliary reception light form receives the reflected light of invisible infrared light,
The auxiliary emission light source device transmitting is sightless infrared light.
Further, in S3, superposition algorithm is shifted by Variable Step Size LMS Adaptive Filtering Algorithm and data and carries out movement puppet
The filtering of mark removes.
In addition, the method recorded in the present invention can carry out data in the mode of skin by using sticking double faced adhesive tape
Measurement.
The present invention has the advantages that judging state by acquiring acceleration information, and solved instantly by multimetering
The case where pulse wave is unable to anti motion interference is done with pressure sensor or reflection pulse；
Apparatus of the present invention carry out the measurement of data using the mode of sticking double faced adhesive tape, solve reflection pulse biography instantly
The case where sensor is easily separated from skin with bandage.
Attendant advantages, purpose and feature of the invention will will be partly illustrated in the following description, and will be right
Partly become obvious after research hereafter in those of ordinary skill in the art, or can practice according to the present invention and obtain
Know.Objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be by specifically noting in written explanation and its claims and attached drawing
Structure is realized and is obtained.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that can be not limited to the objects and advantages that the present invention realizes above specific
It is described, and the above and other purpose that the present invention can be realized will be more clearly understood according to following detailed description.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes part of this application, not
Constitute limitation of the invention.Component in attached drawing is not proportional drafting, and is intended merely to show the principle of the present invention.For
Convenient for showing and describe some parts of the invention, corresponding part may be amplified in attached drawing, that is, relative to according to the present invention
Other components in the exemplary means actually manufactured may become much larger.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the time delays situation that each sensor acquires signal, and 401 close to heart, measures signal at first, 402
403404 on a straight line perpendicular to arm length direction, is delayed identical, and 405 is remote compared with other sensors, and delay is maximum；
Fig. 4 is PPG waveform of each sensor under motion conditions, and the human body physics of 601-605 and 401 to 405 acquires
Position corresponds.
Specific embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment and attached drawing, the invention will be further described, should
The examples are only for explaining the invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
The present embodiment is using the reflective measurement module in 5 tunnels to the filtering and noise reduction of PPG pulse waveform.Denoising master said herein
If in the denoising of movement level.Because the waveform measured not will receive the interference of movement substantially under quiescent condition.Only need
Some simple mean filters, median filtering algorithm can be obtained by relatively good waveform.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1-4, a kind of device based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, including shell
201, shell 201 is interior to be equipped with power system modules, reflecting light signal pulses measure module, signal processing circuit, acceleration letter
Number acquisition module, MCU controller module and wireless radio frequency modules；
Power system modules are whole device power supply；
Reflecting light signal pulses measure module acquires blood volume pulse information and is sent to MCU controller module；Reflection
Formula optical signal pulses measure module includes 5 acquisition devices；Acquisition device is divided into principal reflection formula acquisition device 203 and 4 auxiliary anti-
Formula acquisition device 202 is penetrated, principal reflection formula acquisition device 203 is set to the center of shell 201,4 auxiliary reflective 202 rings of acquisition device
Principal reflection formula acquisition device 203 is uniformly arranged.Auxiliary reflective acquisition device, is not limited to 4, it is fewer than 4 or it is more all can be with
Principal reflection formula acquisition device completes the purpose of motion measurement PPG jointly；In this way setting be in order to carry out movement clutter filter out and
Compensation.
Data analysis is more advantageous to while avoiding interference.Principal reflection formula acquisition device 203 and surrounding it is auxiliary reflective
202 centre distance of acquisition device should be maintained at 2cm or more.2-4cm is selected as in the present embodiment.
Principal reflection formula acquisition device includes main acquisition reflection sensor 103, and main acquisition reflection sensor 103 is equipped with
Main reception light form 110 and main emission light source device 111, the main reflected light for receiving light form 110 and receiving visible red are main
What emission light source device 111 emitted is visible feux rouges；Auxiliary reflective acquisition device includes auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor 101,
Auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor 101 is equipped with auxiliary reception light form 106 and auxiliary emission light source device 107, auxiliary reception light view
Window 106 receives the reflected light of invisible infrared light, and what auxiliary emission light source device 107 emitted is sightless infrared light.It is auxiliary in this way
It is smaller on the measurement influence of main acquisition reflection sensor to acquire reflection sensor.Because being reflective acquisition blood volume, institute
It is highly susceptible to the interference of external light source, with main acquisition reflection sensor in order not to adopt auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor to master
The measurement of collection reflection sensor has an impact, we are measured using invisible infrared light, has in addition also used and has only received spy
The receiver for determining infrared wavelength carries out matching reception.Main acquisition reflection sensor uses visible red and carries out data acquisition,
And auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor is acquired using invisible infrared light.
Main reception light form 110 and auxiliary reception light form 106 are all for receiving the light reflected in blood vessel
Line, it is main receive light form 110 and it is auxiliary receive receiver output that light form 106 is included is all analog signals, output
The size of signal reflects the size of reflected light signal.
Wherein, multiple acquisition devices are all made of convex lens.The interference of available more data and confrontation external light source,
Preferably to receive reflected light signal.
Signal processing circuit handles the collected signal of reflecting light signal pulse module, and treated
Data are exported to MCU control module；
Acceleration signal acquisition module, respectively acquire XYZ axis data, by these data judge subject at present whether
It is kept in motion；
MCU controller module handles the filtering and fortune of the data of PPG signal and the data of acceleration signal and signal
Move pseudo- removal；
Wireless radio frequency modules are responsible for the transmission of final process data.Radio frequency can be bluetooth or common 2.4G.
The wearing mode of the present apparatus is fixed by way of sticking double faced adhesive tape.Tearing on one side by double-sided adhesive first
Go, be attached to 201 bottom of shell on the position in addition to acquisition device, later again tear another side off, be then attached at wrist or
Capillary place abundant, to measure.
A method of based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, include the following steps:
S1, the data by acquiring acceleration, judge whether subject is kept in motion；Acquire the number of acceleration signal
According to judging whether subject is kept in motion；
In the state that if the data (data of XYZ axis) of collected acceleration are uniform and not mutation, it is believed that
Subject is in quiescent condition；For the subject under quiescent condition, do not need to do data adaptive-filtering and handle (only to exist
Determine just to will start adaptive-filtering when subject's movement)；Subject under general quiescent condition, can obtain well
PPG waveform；Only need to do data the high-pass filtering processing and the disposal of gentle filter of given threshold 0.16Hz；
If the acceleration signal data measured, the data mutation of XYZ axis is compared under serious situation, it is believed that at subject
In motion state.
S2, to the subject being kept in motion, the point centered on the center of measuring device, respectively to central point and uniform ring
Point around central point carries out the acquisition of reflecting light signal pulse wave data, and stores to data, collects simultaneously
Acceleration information also together storage record；
Specifically, MCU controller module opens acquisition mode, the data of reflecting light signal pulses measure module are carried out
Acquisition, after amplifying circuit, each collected data of module will carry out filtering 0.16Hz data below
It removes；Then collected analogue data is quantified, analog-to-digital conversion, logarithm is carried out using high-precision ADC (24BIT) herein
It is then that data buffer storage is stand-by in buffer area according to being quantified；While acquiring 5 reflection receivable module datas, also to adding
The data of speed signal are acquired, and are read current XYZ axle acceleration value and are denoted as: X, Y, Z；So far the acquisition of initial data is complete
At.
S3, the filtering for carrying out motion artifacts to the data of S2 remove；
As long as the algorithm of Variable Step Size LMS Adaptive Filtering Algorithm and data displacement superposition is used in the removal of motion artifacts.
LMS algorithm refers to that least mean-square error adaptive algorithm, expression formula are as follows:
If filter output function is y (k), desired signal function is d (k)；
If if the LMS least mean square f (e (k)) of error signal is minimum, then the output y (x) of filter must be closer
Desired signal function is d (x)；The selection of so step factor u is the crucial parameter of a comparison.
Due to only one unique minimum of mean square error performance surface, main step-length u is chosen appropriate, can be received
The dot of error surface is held back, this method is called target function gradient reverse method, and expression formula is as follows
The LMS adaptive filtering algorithm complete expression of algorithm based on stochastic gradient is as follows:
When adaptive process starts, in the range of convergency value, biggish step-length u is taken, so that coefficient vector is quick
It is approached to optimal solution, when being optimal solution, takes lesser step-length u, reduce steady output rate error.It is substantially public based on algorithm
Formula proposes that follow-on formula is as follows:
Step-length u become at this time u=2u [1-u | | X (k) | |2],
The maximum value that u is calculated be 1/ (2 | | X (k) | |2)
Step-length at this time can take into account convergence rate and steady output rate error.
When | | X (k) | |2When becoming larger, i.e., when input signal becomes larger, step factor u is smaller to be become larger with resisting offset error；When
||X(k)||2When becoming smaller, i.e., when input signal becomes smaller, step factor u increases, and can mention while not increasing steady output rate error
High convergence rate；
X (k) is that the data-signal of acceleration inputs, and collected acceleration signal value is X+Y+Z, the input as system
Signal, the signal of filter output are y (k)；
Due to being ring-shaped the module (i.e. reflecting light signal pulses measure module) of 5 reflections, so 5 groups of numbers can be obtained
According to, and be stored in buffer area stand-by；
It is collected for each of above-mentioned buffer area reflecting module (i.e. reflecting light signal pulses measure module)
Data filtering processing is all that the removal of foundation motion artefact is carried out according to above method；
After the foundation motion artefact removal for having carried out each module data, the data investigation to five modules is carried out below
With the algorithm of displacement, realize that the whole of PPG motion artifacts filters out.
Due to each pump blood of heart, all it is that whole body is reached everywhere by thin blood vessel sequence, has timing matter, such as attached drawing
In shown in 406.It is to detect letter at the latest close to the reflective sensor for crossing finger side if apparatus of the present invention are attached at wrist
Number, in attached drawing shown in 405.And it is detected at first in the sensor close to the symmetrical another side of reflective sensor for crossing finger side
Signal, 401 in attached drawing shown in.Assuming that the position of the sensor of center and other two sensor is just in the vertical line of wrist
On, then the signal that they detect be it is the same, in attached drawing shown in 402/403/404.
To 5 groups of data after the removal of above-mentioned carry out foundation motion artefact, and found out in every group of data by sort algorithm
First wave crest data 5 groups of data are carried out then using first wave crest data in every group of data as the first frame data
Alignment, then finds out second crest value of every group of data, then takes out a maximum crest value as second wave crest
Value, then finds out first valley value of every group of data, then takes out a smallest valley value as first valley value, with
This analogizes, and obtains third crest value, obtains second valley value, etc..The data of Wave crest and wave trough are reflective using main acquisition
The data of sensor and auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor, in addition to the data of Wave crest and wave trough, other data are all made of center sensing
Device, that is, main acquisition reflection sensor data.Finally obtain filtered function-output.So far filtering terminates.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, which comprises the steps of:
S1, the data by acquiring acceleration, judge whether subject is kept in motion；
S2, to the subject being kept in motion, point, is respectively set to central point and uniform ring centered on the center of measuring device
Point around central point carries out the acquisition of reflecting light signal pulse wave data, and stores to data, at the same it is collected plus
Also storage records speed data together；
S3, the filtering for carrying out motion artifacts to the data of S2 remove；
So far dynamic pulse wave measurement is realized.
2. the method according to claim 1 based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, feature exist
In the specific steps of S1 are as follows:
Acquire the data of acceleration；
If the data of collected acceleration are uniformly and not in the state of mutation, then it is assumed that subject is in quiescent condition；
If the data of collected acceleration, i.e., the data of XYZ axis are mutated than more serious, then it is assumed that subject is in movement shape
State.
3. the method according to claim 1 based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, feature exist
In the specific steps of S2 are as follows: the point centered on the center of measuring device is respectively set to around central point central point and uniform ring
Point carry out reflecting light signal pulse wave data acquisition, after amplifying circuit, each collected data of module will
Given threshold data below are filtered out；Then collected analogue data is quantified, and by data storage
It is stand-by in buffer area；The acceleration information for acquiring corresponding multiple spot at the same time reads current XYZ axle acceleration value note
Are as follows: X, Y, Z；So far the acquisition of initial data is completed.
4. the method according to claim 1 or 3 based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, feature
It is, the central point is maintained at 2cm or more at a distance from the point that uniform ring is set to around central point.
5. the method according to claim 1 based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, feature exist
In principal reflection formula acquisition device is arranged in the central point, and the point setting that the uniform ring is set to around central point is auxiliary reflective to adopt
Acquisition means；
The principal reflection formula acquisition device includes main acquisition reflection sensor, and the main acquisition reflection sensor is equipped with master
Receive light form and main emission light source device, the main reflected light for receiving light form and receiving visible red, the main hair
That penetrates light supply apparatus transmitting is visible feux rouges；
The auxiliary reflective acquisition device includes auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor, and the auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor is equipped with auxiliary
Light form and auxiliary emission light source device are received, the auxiliary reflected light for receiving light form and receiving invisible infrared light is described
Auxiliary emission light source device transmitting is sightless infrared light.
6. the method according to claim 1 or 3 based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, feature
It is, in S3, is gone by the filtering that Variable Step Size LMS Adaptive Filtering Algorithm and data shift superposition algorithm progress motion artifacts
It removes.
7. the method according to claim 6 based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, feature exist
In LMS algorithm refers to that least mean-square error adaptive algorithm, expression formula are as follows:
If filter output function is y (k), desired signal function is d (k)；
If if the LMS least mean square f (e (k)) of error signal is minimum, then the output y (x) of filter must be closer to expectation
Signal function is d (x)；
Due to only one unique minimum of mean square error performance surface, main step factor u is chosen appropriate, can be received
The dot of error surface is held back, as target function gradient reverse method, expression formula is as follows
The LMS adaptive filtering algorithm complete expression of algorithm based on stochastic gradient is as follows:
When adaptive process starts, in the range of convergency value, biggish step-length u is taken, so that coefficient vector is quickly to most
Excellent solution is approached, and when being optimal solution, is taken lesser step-length u, is reduced steady output rate error, the fundamental formular based on algorithm mentions
Follow-on formula is as follows out:
The maximum value that u is calculated be 1/ (2 | | X (k) | |2),
Step-length at this time can take into account convergence rate and steady output rate error；
X (k) is that the data-signal of acceleration inputs, and collected acceleration signal value is X+Y+Z, and the input as system is believed
Number, the signal of filter output is y (k)；
For each of buffer area reflecting light collected data of signal pulses measure module according to above method into
The removal of row foundation motion artefact；
It has carried out the foundation motion artefact removal of each module data and then has carried out the data investigation and displacement to modules
Algorithm, realize PPG motion artifacts whole filter out,
To each group of data after the removal of above-mentioned carry out foundation motion artefact, and found out by sort algorithm in every group of data
One wave crest data carries out multi-group data pair then using first wave crest data in every group of data as the first frame data
Together, second crest value for then finding out every group of data then takes out value of the maximum crest value as second wave crest,
Then first valley value for finding out every group of data then takes out a smallest valley value as first valley value, with this
Analogize, obtain third crest value, obtains second valley value, etc., the data of Wave crest and wave trough are using the main reflective biography of acquisition
The data of sensor and auxiliary acquisition reflection sensor, in addition to the data of Wave crest and wave trough, other data are all made of central sensor
The data of i.e. main acquisition reflection sensor, finally obtain filtered function-output, so far filtering terminates.
8. the method according to claim 3 based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, feature exist
In given threshold 0.16Hz.
9. the method according to claim 7 based on reflecting light signal multimetering dynamic pulse waveform, feature exist
In data group quantity is corresponding with acquisition device quantity in reflecting light signal pulses measure module.
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