CN109851860B - Method for regulating and controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol Download PDFInfo
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- CN109851860B CN109851860B CN201811527042.5A CN201811527042A CN109851860B CN 109851860 B CN109851860 B CN 109851860B CN 201811527042 A CN201811527042 A CN 201811527042A CN 109851860 B CN109851860 B CN 109851860B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol, which comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing starch raw materials with water to prepare emulsion, adding sugar alcohol into the emulsion, filling the emulsion added with the sugar alcohol into a high-temperature-resistant packaging bag, carrying out vacuum sealing, putting the bagged emulsion into an autoclave for treatment, naturally cooling to room temperature after the treatment is finished, refrigerating, taking the refrigerated emulsion out of the packaging bag, drying to obtain starch blocks, and crushing and sieving the starch blocks to obtain the finished modified starch. The invention takes starch as raw material, adopts a wet heat treatment physical modification method to modify the starch, and adds a certain amount of sugar alcohol to regulate and control, the modified starch prepared by the method has obviously improved structure and physicochemical property, and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of physically modified starch, and relates to a method for regulating and controlling starch modification by sugar alcohol.
Background
The modified starch can be divided into four categories of physically modified starch, chemically modified starch, enzymatically modified starch and composite modified starch according to the treatment mode. Because the chemical modified starch uses chemical reagents, the chemical modified starch has the problems of potential safety hazard and environmental pollution when being used in the food industry, and the enzymatic modified starch and the composite modified starch have the problems of high cost and complex process, so the most suitable starch modification method for the actual food industry production still adopts physical modification. The traditional physical denaturation, including microwave treatment and ultrasonic treatment, exists only in the initial stage of the experiment at present, and industrial production is not implemented. Although the common physical modification technology of wet heat treatment has the characteristics of simple process, safety, no pollution, no toxic product generation and the like, the common physical modification technology also has the fatal defects of destroying the color, the aroma and the taste of the product and influencing the sensory and the nutritional values of the product at high temperature, so that a new denaturation regulation and control method is urgently needed to be found.
Xylitol has the effects of difficult fermentation, prolonging the shelf life of food, keeping the flexibility of food, avoiding insulin during metabolism, preventing dental caries and the like. At present, few researches on the influence of xylitol on starch denaturation are carried out at home and abroad, and researches show that the xylitol can influence the freezing property of the corn starch gel and also has influence on the thermodynamic stability of the corn starch gel, the xylitol promotes the recrystallization of amylopectin, the xylitol is easier to age starch than corresponding xylose, the xylitol can also be used as a plasticizer to improve the hot processing property of the starch, but the influence of the xylitol on starch denaturation is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for regulating and controlling starch modification by sugar alcohol, which takes starch as a raw material, adopts a wet heat treatment physical modification method to modify the starch, and adds a certain amount of sugar alcohol to regulate and control, so that the modified starch prepared by the method has obviously improved structure and physical and chemical properties, and wide application range.
The invention is realized in such a way, and provides a method for regulating and controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol, which comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing starch raw materials with water to prepare emulsion, adding sugar alcohol into the emulsion, filling the emulsion added with the sugar alcohol into a high-temperature-resistant packaging bag, carrying out vacuum sealing, putting the bagged emulsion into an autoclave for treatment, naturally cooling to room temperature after the treatment is finished, refrigerating, taking the refrigerated emulsion out of the packaging bag, drying to obtain starch blocks, and crushing and sieving the starch blocks to obtain the finished modified starch.
Further, the starch raw material comprises any one of a corn starch raw material, a potato starch raw material, a tapioca starch raw material, a rice starch raw material and a wheat starch raw material.
Further, the sugar alcohol is any one of xylitol, sorbitol and maltitol.
Further, the packaging bag is a polypropylene bag.
Further, the method for regulating the starch denaturation by the sugar alcohol comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating a starch raw material: weighing a certain amount of starch raw materials according to the weight ratio of 1: 2.5-1: 4, adding distilled water according to the proportion, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare emulsion;
(2) addition of xylitol: adding a certain amount of sugar alcohol to the prepared emulsion;
(3) bagging: filling the emulsion added with sugar alcohol into a high-temperature-resistant packaging bag, and sealing in vacuum;
(4) starch modification: placing the emulsion after vacuum sealing into an autoclave for processing to obtain a semi-finished modified starch;
(5) cooling and regenerating: taking out the semi-finished modified starch subjected to the treatment of the sterilization pot, naturally cooling to room temperature, and then placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 20-30 h;
(6) drying, crushing and sieving: and taking the semi-finished modified starch subjected to refrigeration treatment out of the packaging bag, placing the semi-finished modified starch in an oven for drying until the moisture content is 7-12%, and then crushing and sieving to obtain the finished modified starch.
Further, in the step (2), the added sugar alcohol accounts for 15-25% of the mass of the emulsion obtained after the starch raw material is pretreated.
Further, in the step (4), the step of placing the mixture in an autoclave for processing refers to the step of setting the temperature of the autoclave to be 122-127 ℃ for high-temperature high-pressure processing, wherein the processing time is 5-10 min.
Further, in the step (6), the drying temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the dried modified starch is crushed and sieved by a 80-mesh sieve.
Compared with the prior art, the method for regulating and controlling the starch denaturation by using the sugar alcohol improves the structure and the physicochemical property of the modified starch after the sugar alcohol is added in the starch denaturation process, overcomes the defect that the sensory and nutritional values of products are influenced by the traditional method, and has the advantages of simple process, short denaturation time, high production efficiency, safety and no pollution. The production process is simple and reasonable, easy to control, high in safety, sanitary and clean, and suitable for industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of xylitol on the viscosity of modified starch, which is prepared by the conventional method without adding xylitol, compared with the viscosity of modified starch prepared by the conventional method using example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the method for controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol of the present invention comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing starch raw materials with water to prepare emulsion, adding sugar alcohol into the emulsion, filling the emulsion added with the sugar alcohol into a high-temperature-resistant packaging bag, carrying out vacuum sealing, putting the bagged emulsion into an autoclave for treatment, naturally cooling to room temperature after the treatment is finished, refrigerating, taking the refrigerated emulsion out of the packaging bag, drying to obtain starch blocks, and crushing and sieving the starch blocks to obtain the finished modified starch.
The starch raw material comprises any one of a corn starch raw material, a potato starch raw material, a cassava starch raw material, a rice starch raw material and a wheat starch raw material.
The sugar alcohol is any one of xylitol, sorbitol and maltitol.
The packaging bag is a polypropylene bag.
The method for regulating and controlling the starch denaturation by the sugar alcohol comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating a starch raw material: weighing a certain amount of starch raw materials according to the weight ratio of 1: 2.5-1: 4, adding distilled water, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare emulsion.
(2) Addition of xylitol: adding a certain amount of sugar alcohol to the prepared emulsion.
(3) Bagging: and (4) filling the emulsion added with the sugar alcohol into a high-temperature-resistant packaging bag, and sealing in vacuum.
(4) Starch modification: and (4) processing the emulsion after vacuum sealing in an autoclave to obtain the semi-finished modified starch.
(5) Cooling and regenerating: taking out the semi-finished modified starch after the treatment of the sterilization pot, naturally cooling to room temperature, and then placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 20-30 h.
(6) Drying, crushing and sieving: and taking the semi-finished modified starch subjected to refrigeration treatment out of the packaging bag, placing the semi-finished modified starch in an oven for drying until the moisture content is 7-12%, and then crushing and sieving to obtain the finished modified starch.
Wherein in the step (2), the added sugar alcohol accounts for 15-25% of the mass of the emulsion obtained after the starch raw material is pretreated.
Wherein, in the step (4), the treatment in the autoclave is carried out by setting the temperature of the autoclave to be 122-127 ℃ and carrying out high-temperature and high-pressure treatment for 5-10 min.
Wherein, in the step (6), the temperature during drying is 40-60 ℃, and the dried modified starch is crushed and sieved by a 80-mesh sieve.
The process of the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The first method for regulating and controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol takes corn starch raw materials and xylitol as examples and comprises the following steps:
(11) pretreatment of corn starch raw materials: weighing a certain amount of corn starch raw materials according to the weight ratio of 1: 3, adding distilled water, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare emulsion.
(12) Addition of xylitol: adding xylitol into the prepared emulsion, wherein the mass of the xylitol is 20% of the mass of the emulsion.
(13) Bagging: and (4) filling the emulsion added with the xylitol into a high-temperature-resistant polypropylene bag, and sealing in vacuum.
(14) Starch modification: placing the emulsion after vacuum sealing into an autoclave for processing to obtain a semi-finished modified starch; the autoclave temperature was set at 125 deg.C and the treatment time was 8 min.
(15) Cooling and regenerating: taking out the semi-finished modified starch after the treatment of the sterilization pot, naturally cooling to room temperature, and then placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 24 hours.
(16) Drying, crushing and sieving: and taking the semi-finished modified starch subjected to refrigeration treatment out of the polypropylene bag, placing the polypropylene bag in an oven at the temperature of 50 ℃ for drying until the moisture content is 9%, and then crushing and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the finished modified starch.
In the embodiment, the corn starch is used as a raw material, the regulation and control effect of the xylitol on the modification of the corn starch is researched, and the diversity of the modified starch can be increased by researching the regulation and control method of the xylitol on the modification of the starch. In consideration of the trend that hypertension and hyperlipidemia patients in China have increasing, modified starch which has energy and nutritional values and does not influence blood sugar is researched, the requirement that the morbidity of diabetes patients rises year by year can be met, the prepared modified starch is low in water holding capacity, fine in particles, fresh and cool in flavor, smaller in microcrystalline structure than common dietary fiber, can be used as a functional ingredient for various foods, and can provide a theoretical basis for producing low-sugar, low-calorie, functional starch and flour products instead of cane sugar.
Example 2
The second method for regulating and controlling starch modification by sugar alcohol takes potato starch raw material and sorbitol as an example, and comprises the following steps:
(21) pretreating a potato starch raw material: weighing a certain amount of potato starch raw materials, and mixing the raw materials in a proportion of 1: 2.5 adding distilled water, and mixing to obtain emulsion.
(22) Addition of sorbitol: sorbitol in an amount of 15% by mass of the emulsion was added to the prepared emulsion.
(23) Bagging: and filling the emulsion added with the sorbitol into a high-temperature-resistant polypropylene bag, and sealing in vacuum.
(24) Starch modification: placing the emulsion after vacuum sealing into an autoclave for processing to obtain a semi-finished modified starch; the autoclave temperature was set at 122 ℃ and the treatment time was 5 min.
(25) Cooling and regenerating: taking out the semi-finished modified starch after the treatment of the sterilization pot, naturally cooling to room temperature, and then placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 20 h.
(26) Drying, crushing and sieving: and taking the semi-finished modified starch subjected to refrigeration treatment out of the polypropylene bag, placing the polypropylene bag in an oven at the temperature of 40 ℃ for drying until the moisture content is 7%, and then crushing and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the finished modified starch.
Example 3
The third method for regulating and controlling starch modification by sugar alcohol takes cassava starch raw materials and maltitol as examples and comprises the following steps:
(31) pretreating a cassava starch raw material: weighing a certain amount of cassava starch raw materials, and mixing the raw materials in a ratio of 1: 3, adding distilled water, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare emulsion.
(32) Addition of maltitol: adding 15-25% of maltitol of the mass of the emulsion into the prepared emulsion.
(33) Bagging: and (3) filling the emulsion added with the maltitol into a high-temperature-resistant polypropylene bag, and sealing in vacuum.
(34) Starch modification: placing the emulsion after vacuum sealing into an autoclave for processing to obtain a semi-finished modified starch; the temperature of the autoclave is set to be 122-127 ℃, and the treatment time is 5-10 min.
(35) Cooling and regenerating: taking out the semi-finished modified starch after the treatment of the sterilization pot, naturally cooling to room temperature, and then placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 20-30 h.
(36) Drying, crushing and sieving: and taking the semi-finished modified starch subjected to refrigeration treatment out of the polypropylene bag, placing the polypropylene bag in an oven at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for drying until the moisture content is 7-12%, and then crushing and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the finished modified starch.
Comparative experiment according to the method steps in example 1, a certain amount of corn starch raw material was weighed, according to 1: 3, adding distilled water, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare emulsion. Adding xylitol 20% of the mass of the emulsion into one part of the emulsion, adding no xylitol into the other part of the emulsion, filling the two parts of the emulsion into polypropylene bags, and sealing the bags in vacuum. Meanwhile, the emulsion after vacuum sealing is placed in an autoclave for processing to obtain semi-finished modified starch; the temperature of the autoclave is set to be 125 ℃, and the treatment time is 5-25 min. And taking out the semi-finished modified starch treated by the sterilizing pot, naturally cooling to room temperature, and refrigerating in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 24 hours. And (3) placing the semi-finished modified starch subjected to refrigeration treatment in an oven at the temperature of 50 ℃ and drying until the moisture content is 9%, taking out the semi-finished modified starch, and then crushing and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the finished modified starch added with xylitol and the finished modified starch not added with xylitol respectively.
The modified starch with xylitol and the modified starch without xylitol were prepared according to the above method for high pressure treatment for 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min and 25min, respectively, and then the viscosities thereof were measured to obtain a comparative graph as shown in FIG. 1.
Viscosity is an important indicator of the denaturation of reactive starch, and as the denaturation time is prolonged, the viscosity of the resulting denatured starch decreases. As is apparent from a comparison of FIG. 1, the viscosity of the destructurized starch of example 1 is significantly lower than that of the ordinary starch under the same time conditions. Comparative experiments show that: under the condition of a certain temperature, the final viscosity of the added xylitol is lower than that of the modified starch without the added xylitol, and the effect is better after modification.
As can also be seen from FIG. 1, when the viscosity values of the modified starches were the same, the starch modification time of the modified starch to which xylitol was added was shorter than that of the modified starch to which xylitol was not added. The invention utilizes xylitol to be applied to the starch modification process, plays a role in regulating and controlling starch modification, shortens the starch modification time, reduces the influence of physical modification on the product quality, overcomes the defects that the physical modification method is difficult to industrialize and influences the product sense and nutrition, has wider application range of the modified starch added with the xylitol, increases the diversity and the value of the modified starch, and greatly improves the structure, the physical and chemical properties and the processing quality of the prepared modified starch. The production process is simple and reasonable, easy to control, high in safety, sanitary and clean, and suitable for industrial production.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for regulating and controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol is characterized by comprising the following steps: stirring and mixing starch raw materials with water to prepare emulsion, adding sugar alcohol into the emulsion, filling the emulsion added with the sugar alcohol into a high-temperature-resistant packaging bag, carrying out vacuum sealing, putting the bagged emulsion into an autoclave for treatment, naturally cooling to room temperature after the treatment is finished, refrigerating, taking the refrigerated emulsion out of the packaging bag, drying to obtain starch blocks, and crushing and sieving the starch blocks to obtain the finished modified starch.
2. The method for controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol according to claim 1, wherein the starch raw material comprises any one of corn starch raw material, potato starch raw material, tapioca starch raw material, rice starch raw material and wheat starch raw material.
3. The method for controlling starch denaturation by using sugar alcohol according to claim 1, wherein the sugar alcohol is any one of xylitol, sorbitol and maltitol.
4. The method for controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol according to claim 1, wherein the packaging bag is a polypropylene bag.
5. A method for controlling starch retrogradation by sugar alcohol according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein said method for controlling starch retrogradation by sugar alcohol comprises the steps of:
(1) pretreating a starch raw material: weighing a certain amount of starch raw materials according to the weight ratio of 1: 2.5-1: 4, adding distilled water according to the proportion, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare emulsion;
(2) addition of xylitol: adding a certain amount of sugar alcohol to the prepared emulsion;
(3) bagging: filling the emulsion added with sugar alcohol into a high-temperature-resistant packaging bag, and sealing in vacuum;
(4) starch modification: placing the emulsion after vacuum sealing into an autoclave for processing to obtain a semi-finished modified starch;
(5) cooling and regenerating: taking out the semi-finished modified starch subjected to the treatment of the sterilization pot, naturally cooling to room temperature, and then placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 20-30 h;
(6) drying, crushing and sieving: and taking the semi-finished modified starch subjected to refrigeration treatment out of the packaging bag, placing the semi-finished modified starch in an oven for drying until the moisture content is 7-12%, and then crushing and sieving to obtain the finished modified starch.
6. A method for controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the amount of sugar alcohol added is 15-25% of the mass of the emulsion obtained after pretreatment of the starch raw material.
7. A method for controlling starch denaturation by sugar alcohol according to claim 5, wherein in the step (4), the treatment in the autoclave is carried out by setting the temperature of the autoclave to 122-127 ℃ and high temperature and high pressure for 5-10 min.
8. The method for regulating and controlling the denaturation of starch by sugar alcohol according to claim 5, wherein in the step (6), the temperature during drying is 40 ℃ to 60 ℃, and the dried modified starch is crushed and sieved by a 80-mesh sieve.
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| CN103830736A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-04 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Production method of starch empty capsule |
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| TW200914524A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-04-01 | Grace Biotech Corp | Totally biodegradable starch resin, manufacturing method thereof, film product made the same and resin composition used for preparing the starch resin |
| CN101942119B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-07-25 | 武汉绿舟环保科技有限公司 | Modified starch catalyzed by compound bio-enzymes and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105778214A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-07-20 | 朱仕龙 | High-toughness cling film and manufacturing technique thereof |
| CN106589852A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-04-26 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Water degradation material with adjustable degradation period and preparation method thereof |
| CN108250307B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2020-12-15 | 安徽师范大学 | Preparation method of modified lycoris starch |
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| CN103830736A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-04 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Production method of starch empty capsule |
| CN108503506A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-09-07 | 山东兆光色谱分离技术有限公司 | A kind of new process producing high pure sorbitol using chromatographic separation technology |
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