CN109830657A - A kind of MoS2/MoO2The preparation method of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material - Google Patents

A kind of MoS2/MoO2The preparation method of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material Download PDF

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CN109830657A
CN109830657A CN201910032229.6A CN201910032229A CN109830657A CN 109830657 A CN109830657 A CN 109830657A CN 201910032229 A CN201910032229 A CN 201910032229A CN 109830657 A CN109830657 A CN 109830657A
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moo
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lithium ion
ion battery
mos
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CN109830657B (en
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许占位
关伟伟
杨思哲
王天
赵怡星
汤曼菁
陈雪莹
齐珺
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Technology Institute Co Ltd
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A kind of MoS disclosed by the invention2/MoO2The preparation method of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material.Using pomace carbon and ammonium molybdate as presoma, MoO is decomposed by ammonium molybdate under the high temperature conditions3, redox reaction further occurs with S powder and obtains MoO2, MoS is made using in-situ synthesis2Nanometer sheet and MoO2It is compound to grow on three-dimensional pomace carbon, form the MoS with three-dimensional carbon support2/MoO2Composite material.This method disperses three-dimensional carbon nanomaterial effectively, while not only the structure of composite nano materials can be made to obtain Effective Regulation, but also has ensured close combination between component.Making products therefrom not only has high lithium ion battery volume capacity, but also has good cycle performance.And preparation process is simple and easy to control, the period is short, and low energy consumption, and the repeatability of product is high, and yield is big, is conducive to large-scale production.

Description

A kind of MoS2/MoO2The preparation method of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, and in particular to a kind of MoS2/MoO2/ three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery is negative The preparation method of pole material.
Background technique
As people are to the extensive concern of clean energy resource and renewable resource, lithium ion battery has been widely used as various electricity The power battery of the working power (mobile phone, laptop, digital camera etc.) of sub- product and portable outfit is (electric vehicle, latent Ship, MISSILE LAUNCHING etc.).Lithium ion battery compared with traditional secondary cell, have high-energy, high working voltage, high security, The advantages that environmental pollution is small, it is considered to be most promising electrochmical power source.Currently, the negative electrode material of secondary cell is predominantly carbon-based Material, but its theoretical capacity only has 372mAh g-1, it is difficult to meet the needs of people are currently for small size large capacity.Moreover, carbon Sill is easy to fall off in charge and discharge process, and there are safety issues, and therefore, exploring a kind of new can substitute carbon-based material Lithium ion battery negative material become current research hot spot.
In order to search out the cathode alternative materials with high capacity, people have done a large amount of research work, wherein mistake Cross metal oxide and sulfide, such as Co3O4、SnO2And MoS2When Deng being used as lithium ion battery negative material, show higher Capacity, cause the extensive concern of people.([1]Wang T,Li H,Shi S.2D Film of Carbon Nanofibers Elastically Astricted MnO Microparticles:A Flexible Binder-Free Anode for Highly Reversible Lithium Ion Storage.Small, 2017.[2]Xu J,Zhang J,Zhang W,et al.Interlayer Nanoarchitectonics of Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides Nanosheets for Energy Storage and Conversion Applications.Advanced Energy Materials,1700571,2017.[3] Zhanwei Xu,Huanlei Wang,Zhi Li,Alireza Kohandehghan,Jia Ding,Jian Chen,Kai Cui,David Mitlin: Sulfur refines MoO2distribution enabling improved lithium ion battery performance.The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 118,18387-18396,2014.)
MoS2With unique layer structure, the atom between S-Mo-S piece is the combination of strongly covalent power, and S-Mo-S layers Between by Van der Waals force combine, this is Li+Introducing provide space and channel.It is as negative electrode of lithium ion battery activity material Material, theoretical capacity are 670mAh g-1.However, due to the MoS of sheet2The originals such as superposition and its poorly conductive occur by charge and discharge Cause, when as lithium ion battery negative material, show poor stability ([4] Yongji Gong, Shubin Yang, Liang Zhan,Lulu Ma,Robert Vajtai, Pulickel M.Ajayan:A bottom-up approach to build 3D architectures from nanosheets for superior lithium storage.Advanced Functional Materials.24,125-130,2014.).In order to solve this problem, there are numerous studies by changing two The two-dimensional layered structure of molybdenum sulfide inhibits its structure in charge and discharge process to collapse, and improves the electrochemistry of molybdenum disulfide material Performance.For example, regulating and controlling the structure of molybdenum disulfide by hydro-thermal method, ultra-thin, bending, porous molybdenum disulfide are prepared.([5]J.- W.Jiang,Z. Qi,H.S.Park,T.Rabczuk,Elastic bending modulus of single-layer molybdenum disulfide(MoS2):finite thickness effect,Nanotechnology,24,435705, 2013.[6]J. Kibsgaard,Z.Chen,B.N.Reinecke,T.F.Jaramillo,Engineering the surface structure of MoS2to preferentially expose active edge sites for electrocatalysis,Nature Materials,11,963,2012.[7]H.Liu,F.Zhang,W.Li,X.Zhang, C.S.Lee,W.Wang,Y. Tang,Porous tremella-like MoS2/polyaniline hybrid composite with enhanced performance for lithium-ion battery anodes,Electrochimica Acta, 167,132-138,2015.) furthermore, researcher introduces carbonaceous additive, as carbon nanotube, graphene have big ratio table Area and high electric conductivity are usually used to cycle performance ([8] Yang Zhao, the Ying Huang, Xu for improving these materials Sun,Haijian Huang,Ke Wang,Meng Zong,Qiufen Wang:Hollow Zn2SnO4boxes wrapped with flexible graphene as anode materials for lithium batteries Electrochimica Acta 120,128–132,2014.)。
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of MoS2/MoO2The preparation method of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material, This method preparation process is simple, easily-controllable, and reaction time is short, and low energy consumption, and repeatability is high, and yield is big, through MoS made from this method2/ MoO2The features such as/three-dimensional carbon material is high with specific discharge capacity for lithium ion battery negative material, good cycling stability.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
1) it takes the KOH of 0.1~1g to be dissolved in the deionized water of 50ml, the apple of 0.5~1.5g is then added thereto Slag mixing, obtains solution A;
2) solution A is put into high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber and is placed in baking oven, in 180~210 DEG C of 18~26h of heat preservation, be cooled to After room temperature, product is taken out, acquired solution is evaporated moisture removal at 100~115 DEG C, obtains product B;
3) product B is placed in magnetic boat, is put into tube furnace from room temperature with 5~10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be warming up to 500~700 DEG C of 2~3h of calcining, cool to room temperature with the furnace, dry after being cleaned with deionized water and ethyl alcohol, obtain product C;
4) with 1:(0.1~10) mass ratio take product C and ammonium molybdate, precast body D is obtained after uniform mixed grinding;
5) according to 1:(0.5~10) mass ratio take precast body D and S powder, after grinding uniformly, be placed in porcelain boat, in argon gas Under the conditions of, with 5~10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate from room temperature to 600~750 DEG C of 0.5~2h of insulation reaction, obtain product E;
6) product E deionized water and ethyl alcohol are repeatedly washed and is dried in vacuo at 70 DEG C and obtained with three-dimensional carbon support MoS2/MoO2Lithium ion battery negative material.
The reaction vessel of the step 1) is kettle in stainless steel reaction.
The step 5) closes argon gas stream when being warming up to 150 DEG C.
The present invention selects MoO2It can play the role of conductive material, while can partially or completely substitute carbon nanometer material Material.It is expected to obtain the electrode material of high-volume and capacity ratio.If but single using MoO2As MoS2Conductive material and substrate, MoO2 Itself it is active material, volume expansion can be caused by charge and discharge, cause the structure collapses of entire material.So selecting three-dimensional more Hole pomace carbon material is as nanometer backing material.Pomace itself has fiber multihole structure abundant, and main component has pectin, half Cellulose and lignin etc., are the precursors of excellent biological carbon preparation, and organic plastid with relatively large radius can effectively increase The interlamellar spacing of material provides condition for the quick transmission of ion.The useless pomace that fruit juice factory is generated is recycled, and preparation is high The surcharge of resource not only can be improved in performance carbon nanomaterial material, reduces battery production cost, obtains considerable economy Benefit, and can reduce environmental pollution.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
MoS disclosed by the invention2/MoO2The preparation method of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material, activated by hydro-thermal, Carbonization etc. in inert atmosphere in tube furnace, to synthesize porous three-dimensional pomace carbon nanomaterial.Again by the carbon nanometer and molybdenum of preparation Sour ammonium is mixed to get precast body, further mixes with sulphur powder, and under the conditions of tube furnace argon atmosphere, ammonium molybdate, which decomposes, to be generated MoO3.It is to be present in reaction environment in the form of a vapor since S powder distils during the reaction, so allowing S powder and MoO3Sufficiently Contact, can be realized MoO3It is completely reduced into MoO2, newly synthesized MoO2Further portion is vulcanized by S powder, ultimately forms carbon branch The MoS of support2/MoO2Composite material.S powder serves as reducing agent and vulcanizing agent dual role;
MoO3+ S=MoO2+SO2
MoO2+ S=MoS2+SO2
MoO2Skeleton plays the role of structural support, avoids the MoS of sheet2Superposition, while improving material conductivity Also improve the cyclical stability of material.Preparation process of the present invention is simple and easy to control, and the period is short, and low energy consumption, and the repeatability of product is high, Yield is big, is conducive to large-scale production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is MoS produced by the present invention2/MoO2The XRD diagram of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material, wherein abscissa x Twice of the incident angle of ray, ordinate are the intensity after diffraction.
Fig. 2 is MoS produced by the present invention2/MoO2The SEM photograph of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material;
Fig. 3 is MoS produced by the present invention2/MoO2The cycle performance test chart of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material, Middle abscissa circulating ring number, ordinate specific discharge capacity.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1:
1) KOH of 0.4g is taken to be dissolved in the deionized water of 50ml the apple for adding 0.5g in kettle in stainless steel reaction Pomace mixing, obtains solution A;
2) solution A is put into high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber and is placed in baking oven, in 180 DEG C of heat preservation 20h, after being cooled to room temperature, taken Acquired solution is evaporated moisture removal at 100 DEG C, obtains product B by product out;
3) product B is placed in magnetic boat, is put into tube furnace from room temperature with 5 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be warming up to 500 DEG C 3h is calcined, cools to room temperature with the furnace, it is dry after being cleaned with deionized water and ethyl alcohol, obtain product C;
4) product C and ammonium molybdate are taken with the mass ratio of 1:3, precast body D is obtained after uniform mixed grinding;
5) precast body D and S powder is taken to be placed in porcelain boat after grinding uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:2, under the conditions of argon gas, with 5℃min-1Heating rate from room temperature to 600 DEG C of insulation reaction 2h, obtain product E, wherein when being warming up to 150 DEG C, Argon gas stream is closed, so that the S steam of high concentration be kept sufficiently to react with precast body D;
6) product E deionized water and ethyl alcohol are repeatedly washed and is dried in vacuo at 70 DEG C and obtained with three-dimensional carbon support MoS2/MoO2Lithium ion battery negative material.
Embodiment 2:
1) KOH of 1g is taken to be dissolved in the deionized water of 50ml the apple for adding 1.5g in kettle in stainless steel reaction Slag mixing, obtains solution A;
2) solution A is put into high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber and is placed in baking oven, in 210 DEG C of heat preservation 18h, after being cooled to room temperature, taken Acquired solution is evaporated moisture removal at 115 DEG C, obtains product B by product out;
3) product B is placed in magnetic boat, is put into tube furnace from room temperature with 5 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be warming up to 700 DEG C 2h is calcined, cools to room temperature with the furnace, it is dry after being cleaned with deionized water and ethyl alcohol, obtain product C;
4) product C and ammonium molybdate are taken with the mass ratio of 1:4, precast body D is obtained after uniform mixed grinding;
5) precast body D and S powder is taken to be placed in porcelain boat after grinding uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:3, under the conditions of argon gas, with 10℃min-1Heating rate from room temperature to 700 DEG C of insulation reaction 2h, obtain product E, wherein when being warming up to 150 DEG C, Argon gas stream is closed, so that the S steam of high concentration be kept sufficiently to react with precast body D;
6) product E deionized water and ethyl alcohol are repeatedly washed and is dried in vacuo at 70 DEG C and obtained with three-dimensional carbon support MoS2/MoO2Lithium ion battery negative material.
Embodiment 3:
1) KOH of 0.5g is taken to be dissolved in the deionized water of 50ml the apple for adding 1g in kettle in stainless steel reaction Slag mixing, obtains solution A;
2) solution A is put into high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber and is placed in baking oven, kept the temperature for 24 hours at 180 DEG C, after being cooled to room temperature, take Acquired solution is evaporated moisture removal at 115 DEG C, obtains product B by product out;
3) product B is placed in magnetic boat, is put into tube furnace from room temperature with 10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be warming up to 600 DEG C 3h is calcined, cools to room temperature with the furnace, it is dry after being cleaned with deionized water and ethyl alcohol, obtain product C;
4) product C and ammonium molybdate are taken with the mass ratio of 1:5, precast body D is obtained after uniform mixed grinding;
5) precast body D and S powder is taken to be placed in porcelain boat after grinding uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:2.5, under the conditions of argon gas, With 10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate from room temperature to 600 DEG C of insulation reaction 2h, product E is obtained, wherein when being warming up to 150 DEG C When, argon gas stream is closed, so that the S steam of high concentration be kept sufficiently to react with precast body D;
6) product E deionized water and ethyl alcohol are repeatedly washed and is dried in vacuo at 70 DEG C and obtained with three-dimensional carbon support MoS2/MoO2Lithium ion battery negative material.
As seen from Figure 1, the composite material prepared through the invention, each diffraction maximum is equal in the diffracting spectrum of XRD It can be with MoO2And MoS2The diffraction maximum of standard card is corresponding, shows its preferable crystallinity and higher purity.
The particle size that can be seen that composite material prepared by the present invention from microscopic appearance figure by Fig. 2 is nanoscale, Grain surface is dispersed with MoS of uniform size2Nanometer sheet.
Composite material prepared by the present invention has excellent circulation for negative electrode of lithium ion battery electrode as seen from Figure 3 Stability and specific discharge capacity.In 100mA g-1Current density under, recycled by 300 circles, capacity is maintained at 1000mAh g-1 More than.
Embodiment 4:
1) KOH of 0.5g is taken to be dissolved in the deionized water of 50ml the apple for adding 1g in kettle in stainless steel reaction Slag mixing, obtains solution A;
2) solution A is put into high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber and is placed in baking oven, kept the temperature for 24 hours at 180 DEG C, after being cooled to room temperature, take Acquired solution is evaporated moisture removal at 105 DEG C, obtains product B by product out;
3) product B is placed in magnetic boat, is put into tube furnace from room temperature with 10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be warming up to 700 DEG C 3h is calcined, cools to room temperature with the furnace, it is dry after being cleaned with deionized water and ethyl alcohol, obtain product C;
4) product C and ammonium molybdate are taken with the mass ratio of 1:2, precast body D is obtained after uniform mixed grinding;
5) precast body D and S powder is taken to be placed in porcelain boat after grinding uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:5, under the conditions of argon gas, with 10℃min-1Heating rate from room temperature to 750 DEG C of insulation reaction 2h, obtain product E, wherein when being warming up to 150 DEG C, Argon gas stream is closed, so that the S steam of high concentration be kept sufficiently to react with precast body D;
6) product E deionized water and ethyl alcohol are repeatedly washed and is dried in vacuo at 70 DEG C and obtained with three-dimensional carbon support MoS2/MoO2Lithium ion battery negative material.
Embodiment 5:
1) it takes the KOH of 0.1,0.8g to be dissolved in the deionized water of 50ml and adds 0.8g's in kettle in stainless steel reaction Apple pomace mixing, obtains solution A;
2) solution A is put into high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber and is placed in baking oven, in 200 DEG C of heat preservation 22h, after being cooled to room temperature, taken Acquired solution is evaporated moisture removal at 110 DEG C, obtains product B by product out;
3) product B is placed in magnetic boat, is put into tube furnace from room temperature with 8 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be warming up to 650 DEG C 2.5h is calcined, cools to room temperature with the furnace, it is dry after being cleaned with deionized water and ethyl alcohol, obtain product C;
4) product C and ammonium molybdate are taken with the mass ratio of 1:0.1, precast body D is obtained after uniform mixed grinding;
5) precast body D and S powder is taken to be placed in porcelain boat after grinding uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5, under the conditions of argon gas, With 6 DEG C of min-1Heating rate from room temperature to 730 DEG C of insulation reaction 0.5h, product E is obtained, wherein when being warming up to 150 DEG C When, argon gas stream is closed, so that the S steam of high concentration be kept sufficiently to react with precast body D;
6) product E deionized water and ethyl alcohol are repeatedly washed and is dried in vacuo at 70 DEG C and obtained with three-dimensional carbon support MoS2/MoO2Lithium ion battery negative material.
Embodiment 6:
1) KOH of 0.8g is taken to be dissolved in the deionized water of 50ml the apple for adding 1.2g in kettle in stainless steel reaction Pomace mixing, obtains solution A;
2) solution A is put into high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber and is placed in baking oven, in 190 DEG C of heat preservation 26h, after being cooled to room temperature, taken Acquired solution is evaporated moisture removal at 115 DEG C, obtains product B by product out;
3) product B is placed in magnetic boat, is put into tube furnace from room temperature with 6 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be warming up to 550 DEG C 2.5h is calcined, cools to room temperature with the furnace, it is dry after being cleaned with deionized water and ethyl alcohol, obtain product C;
4) product C and ammonium molybdate are taken with the mass ratio of 1:10, precast body D is obtained after uniform mixed grinding;
5) precast body D and S powder is taken to be placed in porcelain boat after grinding uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:10, under the conditions of argon gas, With 8 DEG C of min-1Heating rate from room temperature to 650 DEG C of insulation reaction 1h, product E is obtained, wherein when being warming up to 150 DEG C When, argon gas stream is closed, so that the S steam of high concentration be kept sufficiently to react with precast body D;
6) product E deionized water and ethyl alcohol are repeatedly washed and is dried in vacuo at 70 DEG C and obtained with three-dimensional carbon support MoS2/MoO2Lithium ion battery negative material.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of MoS2/MoO2The preparation method of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) KOH of 0.1~1g is taken to be dissolved in the deionized water of 50ml, the apple pomace that 0.5~1.5g is then added thereto is mixed It closes, obtains solution A;
2) solution A is put into high-temperature high-pressure sterilizing chamber and is placed in baking oven, in 180~210 DEG C of 18~26h of heat preservation, be cooled to room temperature Afterwards, product is taken out, acquired solution is evaporated moisture removal at 100~115 DEG C, obtains product B;
3) product B is placed in magnetic boat, is put into tube furnace from room temperature with 5~10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be warming up to 500~ 700 DEG C of 2~3h of calcining, cool to room temperature with the furnace, dry after being cleaned with deionized water and ethyl alcohol, obtain product C;
4) with 1:(0.1~10) mass ratio take product C and ammonium molybdate, precast body D is obtained after uniform mixed grinding;
5) according to 1:(0.5~10) mass ratio take precast body D and S powder, after grinding uniformly, be placed in porcelain boat, in argon gas condition Under, with 5~10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate from room temperature to 600~750 DEG C of 0.5~2h of insulation reaction, obtain product E;
6) product E deionized water and ethyl alcohol are repeatedly washed and vacuum drying obtains having three-dimensional carbon support at 70 DEG C MoS2/MoO2Lithium ion battery negative material.
2. MoS according to claim 12/MoO2The preparation method of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material, feature exist In: the reaction vessel of the step 1) is kettle in stainless steel reaction.
3. MoS according to claim 12/MoO2The preparation method of/three-dimensional carbon lithium ion battery negative material, feature exist In: the step 5) closes argon gas stream when being warming up to 150 DEG C.
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CN110237863A (en) * 2019-06-20 2019-09-17 陕西科技大学 A kind of preparation method and applications of three-dimensional porous pomace carbon support Cobalt Phthalocyanine lithium thionyl chloride cell catalysis material
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CN113839019A (en) * 2021-09-16 2021-12-24 陕西科技大学 Crescent MoS2Oxidized pomace carbon sodium ion battery negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN114975941A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-08-30 郑州轻工业大学 Bamboo-shaped MoO with tortoise back x /MoS 2 Hybrid material/C, preparation method and application thereof
CN114975941B (en) * 2022-06-06 2023-12-15 郑州轻工业大学 Tortoise-back bamboo-shaped MoO x /MoS 2 Hybrid material/C, preparation method and application thereof

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