CN109532998B

CN109532998B - Normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device

Info

Publication number: CN109532998B
Application number: CN201811432083.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 边辉; 刘灿; 王东华; 赵铁石
Original assignee: Yanshan University
Current assignee: Yanshan University
Priority date: 2018-11-28
Filing date: 2018-11-28
Publication date: 2020-10-02
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-28
Also published as: CN109532998A

Abstract

The invention discloses a normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device, which comprises a main caliper body, an adjusting screw plug, a limiting screw, a piston, a limit step, a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring, a spring, a third sealing ring, a fourth sealing ring and a positioning screw, wherein a step guide hole and a threaded hole are arranged in the main caliper body, the adjusting screw plug is connected to the bottom of the main caliper body through the threaded hole, an adjusting gasket is arranged between the adjusting screw plug and the main caliper body, the piston is pressed into the step guide hole through matching, the limit screw is connected with the bottom of the adjusting screw plug through threads, the spring is arranged in a stepped hole at the end of the big shaft, the piston is provided with a first groove and a second groove at the outer side of the big shaft end, a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring are respectively arranged in the first groove and the second groove, a third groove and a fourth groove are formed in the outer side of the small shaft end of the piston, and a third sealing ring and a fourth sealing ring are respectively installed in the third groove and the fourth groove. The invention has the advantages of ingenious integral structure design and convenient use.

Description

Normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic brakes, in particular to a normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device.

Background

The normally-locked brake is characterized in that a brake device is in a brake state under the condition of no manual operation, is mainly widely applied to unpowered wheel type transport tools such as baby carriages, airport luggage carts, medical equipment, supermarket shopping carts and the like at present, and prevents personnel and equipment from being damaged due to vehicle sliding under the conditions of slopes, accidental collision and shaking. Most of perambulator on the existing market adopt the initiative brake mode, as shown in the utility model CN200620149310.0, need guardian to step on brake pedal after stopping the shallow, realize the lock of wheel through the stiction between increase brake and the wheel and die, in case guardian does not step on the brake block because of carelessness, then this brake equipment can't start, the utility model CN201220052602.8 provides a normal lock formula perambulator brake equipment, equipment need be under the condition that has the power, control brake equipment through the handheld inductor of guardian touching, brake inefficacy under the condition that does not have the electricity, the utility model CN201320632815.2 provides a normal lock formula perambulator brake equipment, insert the brake effect in the wheel through fixing the slider on the frame, be difficult to the accuracy pinning when locking the car, and the rigidity when locking the car strikes very big. The airport luggage van adopts the mode that lets the spring promote the friction block and extrude the wheel, reaches the brake effect through the frictional force between friction block and the wheel, and the adjustable range of brake power is very little, especially surpasss the adjustable range of brake after the friction block wearing and tearing, causes the brake inefficacy. The medical equipment generally adopts the universal wheel of self-carrying brake, often forgets the locking wheel because of negligence, probably causes personnel and equipment to destroy when having unexpected impact. A groove is formed in the middle of a wheel of a supermarket shopping cart, the size of the groove is matched with a step tooth groove of a moving sidewalk, when the cart is pushed onto the moving sidewalk, the groove of the wheel is just clamped into the step tooth groove and is fixed by means of friction force of a rubber pad, and the cart locking mode has particularity. The brake contracting device used on large-scale engineering machinery such as a crown block or a winch and the like provides pressure through a spring to enable a brake shoe to contract a brake wheel, and an electric hydraulic thruster overcomes spring force through a lever to open a brake, so that the brake contracting device is overlarge in size and does not have mobility.

The demand of the movable trolley which can reliably work on a deck and in the cabin is continuously increased, the works of quickly taking out the ammunition from the cabin, transporting, filling and the like are realized, the application specificity requires that a normally-locked brake is applied to the unpowered wheel type transport trolley, the design of a pure mechanical structure is adopted, the braking process is a gentle process, rigid impact cannot be caused, particularly, in the process of transporting the ammunition to carry out airplane bullet hanging operation, a ship is in a continuous fluctuation state due to sea waves, and the trolley cannot move after the loading trolley loosens a hand control device. Some movable equipment on the ship adopts an active braking mode with braking universal wheels, the active braking mode has great potential safety hazards under the condition of manual operation, the brake needs to be stepped on when each wheel brakes, the braking and unlocking processes of the mobile equipment cannot be controlled simultaneously, and the use process is inconvenient. The normally open type hydraulic disc brake device used on the electric tricycle in the market has the advantages that when pressure oil provided by a hand brake pump acts on two disc brakes at the same time, due to the fact that friction resistance of the sealing device is different, pistons in the two disc brakes cannot move simultaneously, so that the two disc brakes cannot brake simultaneously, serious dynamic load unbalance is caused, and the driving direction is influenced. The brake of various forms all is open brake mode in the existing market, especially relates to hydraulic pressure dish and all is initiative brake mode in the field of stopping, however to the closed brake demand in daily life very big, especially the brake process adopts flexible mild brake mode to require a plurality of wheels of simultaneous control, still need avoid using the mode of signal of telecommunication control brake.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device which is used for realizing a normally-locked braking mode with high reliability and flexibility and for simultaneously controlling a plurality of wheels.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:

a normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device comprises a main caliper body, an adjusting plug screw, a limit screw, a piston, a limit step, a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring, a spring, a third sealing ring, a fourth sealing ring and a positioning screw, and is characterized in that a stepped guide hole and a threaded hole are formed in the main caliper body, the threaded hole is located on the outer side of the stepped guide hole, the adjusting plug screw is connected to the bottom of the main caliper body through the threaded hole, an adjusting gasket is installed between the adjusting plug screw and the main caliper body, the piston is pressed into the stepped guide hole through matching, the stepped guide hole is composed of two sections of unequal-diameter unthreaded holes, a large shaft end is located in the large-diameter hole, a small shaft end is located in the small-diameter hole, a threaded through hole is formed in the adjusting plug screw, the limit screw is connected to the bottom of the adjusting plug screw through threads, the spring is installed in the stepped hole of the large, two-thirds of length is arranged in the big footpath hole of shoulder hole after the spring pretension, and the spring uses the big footpath hole of shoulder hole as the direction, set screw passes through the screw thread and installs inside the adjustment plug screw, the ladder department in the piston outside is seted up to the spacing step of limit, first recess and second recess are seted up in the big axle head outside to the piston, and the second recess is arranged in the first recess outside, and first sealing washer is installed in first recess, and the second sealing washer is installed in the second recess, third recess and fourth recess are seted up in the little axle head outside alive, and the fourth recess is arranged in the third recess outside, and third sealing washer and fourth sealing washer are installed respectively in third recess and fourth recess.

In the above technical scheme, the first sealing ring and the third sealing ring are Y-shaped sealing rings, the second sealing ring and the fourth sealing ring are O-shaped sealing rings, and the first sealing ring and the third sealing ring are installed in a face-to-face manner.

In the technical scheme, when the piston is in the retraction position, the bottom surface of the limiting screw is overlapped with the plane of the stepped hole.

In the technical scheme, the limiting screw is internally provided with the vent hole.

In the technical scheme, the outer side of the large-diameter hole of the stepped hole is provided with the chamfer.

In the technical scheme, the oil pipe screw is connected with the driving device through the oil pipe, and the driving device is a manual hydraulic upper pump or an electric pump.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

adopt hydraulic control system, the instability of the signal of telecommunication has been avoided, and realized overcoming spring pressure with very little power, human engineering requirement scope has been reached, when a plurality of equipment of unblock need be simultaneously, synchronous unblock has been realized through design stop screw, solve the asynchronous potential safety hazard that causes of unblock, adopt the dish brake mode of stopping to avoid the rigidity impact, adopt high strength compression spring to solve the problem that normal lock formula brake stops, and brake failure after the adjustable braking power scope has greatly avoided wearing and tearing, adopt hydraulic pressure unblock mode design limit step to solve first pressurization and lead to the auto-lock phenomenon because the pressure surface undersize, overall structure design is ingenious, high durability and convenient use.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a normally locked state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention when unlocked;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a main clamp body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a main clamp body; 2. adjusting the screw plug; 3. a limiting screw; 4. adjusting the gasket; 5. a rubber sliding sleeve; 6. a connecting plate; 7. a rear friction plate; 8. a disc brake sheet; 9. an exhaust screw; 10. an oil pipe screw; 11. a friction plate guide groove; 12. a front friction plate; 13. an oil pipe joint; 14. a spring; 15. a piston; 16. a second seal ring; 17. a first seal ring; 18. a third seal ring; 19. a fourth seal ring; 20. a set screw; 21. an exhaust hole; 22. an oil inlet; 23. connecting holes; 24. a stepped hole; 25. a stepped guide hole; 26. a threaded hole; 27. a limit step; 28. a big shaft end; 29. a small shaft end; 30. a first groove; 31. a second groove; 32. a third groove; 33. a fourth groove; 34. a vent hole; 35. a guide bar; 36. an oil chamber; 37. without an oil chamber.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "radial," "axial," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device, including: the adjustable clamp comprises a main clamp body 1 formed by welding parts, an adjusting screw plug 2 connected to the bottom of the main clamp body 1 through a threaded hole 26, a limiting screw 3 connected to the inside of the adjusting screw plug 2 through threads, and an adjusting gasket 4 installed between the adjusting screw plug 2 and the main clamp body 1, wherein the adjusting screw plug 2 adopts a special structural design, so that the large-range adjustment of the pretightening force of a spring 14 is realized, the failure problem after long-time abrasion is solved, the limiting screw 3 can be adjusted at any time along with abrasion in the using process, the structural space is fully utilized, and the adjusting gasket 4 is made of copper sheets with various thicknesses, so that the distance between the screw plug 2 and the main clamp body 1 can be accurately adjusted, and the pretightening force of the spring 14 is adjusted; the rubber sliding sleeve 5 is extruded in a connecting hole 23 of the main caliper body 1 through compressibility of rubber, one end of the rubber sliding sleeve 5 is in a circular truncated cone shape and is clamped outside the connecting hole 23, the other end of the rubber sliding sleeve is in a threaded pipe shape, axial micro-shrinkage can be achieved, lubricating grease is stored, a guide rod 35 fixedly connected to a connecting plate 6 is installed in the rubber sliding sleeve 5 in a sliding connection mode, a rear friction plate 7 can slide back and forth on the guide rod 35, 6 installation holes in an inner ring of a disc brake plate 8 are connected with a hub through screws, a front friction plate 12 is installed in a friction plate guide groove 11 in the connecting plate 6 in a large-gap fit mode and is connected with a wheel support frame through a threaded installation hole in the connecting plate 6, the axial position of the disc brake plate 8 is fixed, in the two processes of braking and unlocking through the rubber sliding sleeve 5, the main caliper body 1 can move slightly in the axial direction to guarantee that the disc brake plate 8 In the middle, the friction between the friction plate and the disc brake 8 in an unlocking state is avoided; the car locking mode is realized through the friction force between the friction plate and the disc brake 8, and the rigid impact of mechanical car locking is avoided; an air outlet 21 formed in the main clamp body 1 is a stepped hole, the upper part of the stepped hole is a threaded hole, the lower half part of the stepped hole is communicated with an oil cavity 36, an exhaust screw 9 is loosened, the oil cavity 36 is communicated with the outside through a central hole of the exhaust screw 9, the exhaust screw 9 is screwed, and the oil cavity 36 is separated from the outside through slope sealing; the oil pipe joint 13 is connected to the oil inlet 22 through an oil pipe screw 10, and rubber flat pads are arranged on two sides of the oil pipe screw 10 connected with the oil pipe joint 13 to play a sealing role.

As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device, including: the piston 15 is in a stepped shaft form, a limit step 27 is arranged at a step, and under the condition that the disc brake sheet 8 is not arranged in the primary assembly, the limit step 27 ensures the oil pressure area of the oil cavity 36, so that the condition that the oil pressure area is not opened in the oil cavity is avoided; a plurality of sealing ring installation grooves are formed in a stepped shaft of a piston 15, a pair of Y-shaped sealing rings and a pair of O-shaped sealing rings are preferably selected according to the working oil pressure of the piston, a first groove 30 and a second groove 31 are formed in the outer side of a large shaft end 28 of the piston 15, the first groove 30 is located on the side close to an oil cavity 36, the second groove is located on the outer side of the first groove 30 of 31, a first sealing ring 17 and a second sealing ring 16 are respectively installed in the first groove 30 and the second groove 31, a third groove 32 and a fourth groove 33 are formed in the outer side of a small shaft end 29 of the piston 15, the third groove 32 is located on the side close to the oil cavity 36, the fourth groove is located on the outer side of the third groove 32 of 33, a third sealing ring 18 and a fourth sealing ring 19 are respectively installed in the third groove 32 and the fourth groove 33, the first sealing ring 17 and the third sealing ring are installed in a face-to-face, the lip can only act on the side with high pressure, the pressure oil acts between the two Y-shaped sealing rings, and the lips of the two Y-shaped sealing rings are opposite, so that the two sealing rings are installed face to face; a stepped hole 24 is formed in the piston 15, a spring 14 is mounted at one end of the stepped hole 24, a guiding effect is achieved in the movement process of the spring 14, the overlapping length of the spring 14 in the stepped hole 24 is two thirds of the pre-tightening length of the spring, the guiding part of the spring 14 is too short and is easy to block in the movement process, the guiding part is too long, the stroke of the spring 14 is limited, a through hole is formed in the other side of the stepped hole 24, a vent hole 24 is formed in the limiting screw, no oil cavity 37 is formed in the stepped hole 24 and the vent hole 34, the condition that the oil cavity 37 is the same as the outside at any position is; when the piston 15 is in the retracted position, the bottom surface of the limiting screw 3 is overlapped with the plane of the stepped part of the stepped hole 24, the limiting screw 3 can limit the unlocking position of the piston 15, and the problems of asynchronous piston unlocking and inaccurate unlocking position caused by different static friction pressures of the sealing ring during unlocking are avoided; set screw 20 installation screw thread through-hole is seted up on the adjustment plug screw 2, and set screw 20 installs and extrudes spacing screw 3 simultaneously and plays the positioning action in adjustment plug screw 2, has avoided in long-time the use, because there is the collision between spacing screw 3 and the piston 15, and lead to the not hard up of threaded connection between spacing screw 3 and the adjustment plug screw 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device, in which the normally-locked position of the normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device is adjusted such that the screw plug 2 presses the spring 14, the spring 14 is pressed tightly in the stepped hole 24 of the piston 15, the small shaft end 29 of the piston 15 presses the front friction plate 12, and the front friction plate 12 presses the disc brake 8 at the same time, the guide rod 35 of the connecting plate 6 axially moves in the rubber sliding sleeve 5 until the front friction plate 12 and the rear friction plate 7 tighten the disc brake plate 8, a certain margin is left between the limit limiting step 27 and the cross section of the stepped hole after the disc brake plate reaches the normal locking position, the allowance is the axial displacement of the friction plate and the disc brake 8 after being worn after being compensated and used for a period of time, the positive pressure of the friction force in the normally locked position is mainly provided by the spring 14, and the pretightening force of the spring 14 comprises the positive pressure of the braking force and the friction force between the sealing ring on the piston 15 and the guide hole stepped hole 24.

As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device, which has an unlocking position, and an unlocking process is the process from fig. 2 to fig. 3; the invention adopts a hydraulic transmission mode, fully utilizes the characteristic of large power-to-weight ratio of hydraulic transmission, particularly has very high rigidity of a spring 14 in a normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device used on large-scale equipment, has very large volume of other unlocking modes on the premise of meeting the unlocking requirement, and adopts a hydraulic unlocking mode under the condition of limited space; pressure oil enters the oil cavity 36 through the oil pipe joint 13, the pressure oil acts on the pressure surface of the piston 15, the piston 14 is pushed to move by overcoming the pressure of the spring 14 and the friction force of the sealing ring, in the unlocking process, because the friction force of the sealing ring and the rigidity of the spring 14 are very large, particularly when a plurality of normally locked hydraulic disc brakes work simultaneously, one piston with the smallest spring 14 pressure and the smallest static friction force of the sealing ring moves firstly when unlocking, because the spring 14 is a compression process in the moving process, when the piston does not touch the limit screw 3, the pressure of the spring 14 is continuously increased, when the pressure of the spring 14 of other pistons 15 is the same as the static friction force of the sealing ring, other pistons 15 start to move, the unlocking process is the first movement with relatively small total counter force of the pistons 15 in the simultaneous working, and after reaching the limit screw 3, other pistons 15 continue to reach the limit screw plug 3, when the piston 15 moves along the axis, the front and rear friction plates release the disc brake 8, the front friction plate 12 moves along the friction plate guide groove 11 on the connecting plate 6, the guide rod 35 of the connecting plate 6 axially moves in the rubber sliding sleeve 5, and the disc brake 8 is always positioned between the front and rear friction plates. The oil pressure of the pressure oil in the oil chamber 36 during the unlocking process is a process that is continuously increased, and the limit pressure of the sealing ring should meet the pressure when all the pistons 15 reach the position of the limit screw 3.

Referring to fig. 4, a stepped guide hole 25 and a threaded hole 26 are formed in the main caliper body 1, the threaded hole 26 is located on the outer side of the stepped guide hole 25, the adjusting plug screw 2 is connected to the bottom of the main caliper body 1 through the threaded hole 26, the adjusting shim 4 is installed between the adjusting plug screw 2 and the main caliper body 1, the piston 15 is pressed into the stepped guide hole 25 through matching, the stepped guide hole 25 is formed by two sections of different-diameter unthreaded holes, the large shaft end 28 is located in a large-diameter hole, and the small shaft end 29 is located in a small-diameter hole. The chamfer is arranged on the outer side of the large-diameter hole of the stepped hole 24, and the chamfer plays a role in guiding the spring 14 to smoothly enter the guide hole 24 in the reciprocating motion process, so that the collision and the blockage of the spring 14 are reduced.

In the invention, the oil pipe screw 31 is connected with a driving device through an oil pipe, and the driving device is a manual hydraulic upper pump or an electric pump.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A normally-locked hydraulic disc brake device comprises a main caliper body (1), an adjusting plug screw (2), a limiting screw (3), a piston (15), a limit limiting step (27), a first sealing ring (17), a second sealing ring (16), a spring (14), a third sealing ring (18), a fourth sealing ring (19) and a positioning screw (20), and is characterized in that a stepped guide hole (25) and a threaded hole (26) are formed in the main caliper body (1), the threaded hole (26) is located on the outer side of the stepped guide hole (25), the adjusting plug screw (2) is connected to the bottom of the main caliper body (1) through the threaded hole (26), an adjusting gasket (4) is installed between the adjusting plug screw (2) and the main caliper body (1), the piston (15) is pressed into the stepped guide hole (25) through matching, and the stepped guide hole (25) is formed by two sections of unthreaded holes with different diameters, the large shaft end (28) of the piston (15) is located in the large-diameter hole, the small shaft end (29) of the piston (15) is located in the small-diameter hole, a threaded through hole is formed in the adjusting screw plug (2), the limiting screw (3) is connected to the bottom of the adjusting screw plug (2) through threads, the spring (14) is installed in a stepped hole (24) of the large shaft end (28), two thirds of the length of the spring (14) after being pre-tightened is located in the large-diameter hole of the stepped hole (24), the spring (14) takes the large-diameter hole of the stepped hole (24) as a guide, the positioning screw (20) is installed in the adjusting screw plug (2) through threads, the limit step (27) is arranged at a step position on the outer side of the piston (15), the piston (15) is provided with a first groove (30) and a second groove (31) on the outer side of the large shaft end (28), and the second groove (31) is located on the outer side of the first groove (30, the first sealing ring (17) is arranged in the first groove (30), the second sealing ring (16) is arranged in the second groove (31), the piston (15) is provided with a third groove (32) and a fourth groove (33) at the outer side of the small shaft end (29), the fourth groove (33) is positioned at the outer side of the third groove (32), and the third sealing ring (18) and the fourth sealing ring (19) are respectively arranged in the third groove (32) and the fourth groove (33); the first sealing ring (17) and the third sealing ring (18) are Y-shaped sealing rings, the second sealing ring (16) and the fourth sealing ring (19) are O-shaped sealing rings, the first sealing ring (17) and the third sealing ring (18) are arranged in a face-to-face mode, the rubber sliding sleeve (5) is arranged in a connecting hole (23) of the main clamp body (1), one end of the connecting rod is in a circular truncated cone shape and is clamped outside the connecting hole (23), the other end of the connecting rod is in a threaded pipe shape, a guide rod (35) fixedly connected on a connecting plate (6) is arranged in a rubber sliding sleeve (5) in a sliding connection mode, a rear friction plate (7) slides back and forth on the guide rod (35), a front friction plate (12) is arranged in a friction plate guide groove (11) on the connecting plate (6) in a large-gap fit mode, when the piston (15) is in a retracted position, the bottom surface of the limiting screw (3) is overlapped with the plane of the stepped position of the stepped hole (24); a vent hole (34) is formed in the limiting screw (3); a chamfer is formed on the outer side of the large-diameter hole of the stepped hole (24); the oil pipe screw (10) is connected with a driving device through an oil pipe, and the driving device is a manual hydraulic upper pump or an electric pump.