CN109399891B - Energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device - Google Patents
Energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000012771 pancakes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device, which belongs to the technical field of sludge drying treatment devices. The device comprises a mud feeding forming area, a drying area, a heat pump heating area, a clean energy heating area, a circulating condensing area and a discharging area, wherein the drying area is provided with a mud outlet, the mud outlet is positioned at the tail end of the running direction of a conveyor belt, and the dried mud after drying is sent into the discharging area through the mud outlet and discharged. By adopting the device, not only the continuous drying of the sludge is realized, but also clean energy sources are effectively applied, and the low-temperature and low-energy-consumption drying of the sludge is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to an energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device, and belongs to the technical field of sludge drying treatment devices.
Background
Although the water purifying capacity of towns in China is obviously enhanced, the sludge treatment and disposal work is not obviously improved. The annual output of sludge in China (calculated by 80% of water content) exceeds 2000 ten thousand tons in 2010, and is estimated to exceed 6000 ten thousand tons in 2020. However, the ratio of the sludge with such a large yield to be effectively disposed of is not high. It is counted that dewatered sludge that cannot be safely disposed of accounts for 70% of the total. One of the reasons is that the water content of the sludge is high, the subsequent sludge treatment process and treatment effect are directly influenced, and the effective and proper sludge treatment can reduce the harmful influence on the environment in the treatment of the sludge, so that the importance of deep dehydration/drying of the sludge is self-evident.
The sludge treatment is the processing procedures of concentrating, conditioning, dehydrating, stabilizing, drying and the like of the sludge. The traditional method for dehydrating the sludge mainly utilizes a sludge drying bed to naturally dry the sludge, and has the main defects of large occupied area, severe environmental sanitation condition and small applicable area range. At present, the method is rarely used in large cities. Due to environmental protection requirements, the research of sludge dewatering technology in China is paid attention to gradually, various types of dewatering machines are developed and manufactured gradually, but the dewatering machines are still immature, and the design, manufacturing and management levels of the dewatering machines need to be further improved.
The final goal of sludge treatment is to achieve sludge reduction, stabilization, harmlessness and recycling. Sludge treatment disposal can be divided into two stages: the first stage is to perform reduction and stabilization treatment on sludge in a water treatment plant area, and the purpose of the first stage is to reduce the risk of secondary pollution caused by sludge outward transportation treatment; the second stage is to carry out reasonable and safe treatment on the treated sludge, so as to realize harmless and recycling of the sludge.
The Zhejiang province also makes relevant regulations, and requires advanced treatment and disposal of sludge from water treatment plants in the entire province. In order to facilitate further treatment of sludge, the document "notification about the work of reinforcing the pollution control of sludge in urban sewage treatment plants" by the Ministry of environmental protection 157, which is to transport sludge from the factory for storage (i.e., no treatment), has to dehydrate the sludge to a water content of 50% or less.
By combining the factors, the sludge belt type low-temperature dryer is produced. The sludge low-temperature belt dryer utilizes a dehumidification heat pump to perform heated air circulation condensation dehumidification drying on sludge. The dehumidifying heat pump is a device for cooling and dehumidifying damp and hot air from a drying chamber by utilizing a refrigerating system, and simultaneously, recovering air moisture and condensing latent heat through a heat pump principle to heat the air so as to achieve the purpose of drying materials. The drying process does not need external heat, and the energy consumption is the power consumption input by a fan and a compressor. The drying temperature is 45-50 ℃ (the temperature of the dehumidification heat pump is fed in), the air supply temperature is 60-75 ℃ (the lower layer), and the air supply device has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, high efficiency, stability, economy and the like, and is gradually accepted and popularized by the market.
However, in the practical application process of the sludge belt type low-temperature desiccator, the dilemma of high energy consumption and large gap of the electric installation capacity of the water plant is faced; according to 30 tons per day, the sludge with the water content of 80 percent is dried to the water content of 50 percent, which is calculated as follows: the electricity consumption is 145 kW.h/tx 30 t=4350kW.h, the pressure is relatively high for the installed capacity and the operation cost of a transformer of a water treatment plant, and the original transformer capacity cannot meet the power capacity requirement of a sludge belt type low-temperature drier; therefore, the energy consumption problem of the existing sludge belt type low-temperature drying machine is reduced, the use of the sludge belt type low-temperature drying machine can be truly promoted in a large area, and the great difficulty in advanced sludge treatment in China is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, this application provides an energy-conserving belt sludge low temperature desiccation device of simple to operate, easy operation, safe and reliable, and the device not only can make the comprehensive energy consumption of low temperature desiccation machine reduce more than 30%, can also rationally solve clean energy and the unable problem of coupling of former low temperature desiccation machine heat pump.
Specifically, the application is realized through the following scheme:
the energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device comprises a sludge feeding forming area, a drying area, a heat pump heating area, a clean energy heating area, a circulating condensing area and a discharging area, wherein the sludge feeding forming area is provided with a sludge inlet, sludge to be treated is sent to a refining area through the sludge inlet after being formed in the sludge feeding forming area, and is converted into crushed sludge with set specifications in the refining area and is transferred to the drying area; the drying area comprises at least two conveyor belts, the conveyor belts are net-shaped, and the running speed of the conveyor belts is 0.2-1.5m/min; drying air is introduced below the conveyor belt, the temperature of the drying air is 70-75 ℃, the drying air passes through the sludge on the conveyor belt at the speed of 120-150m/min, and the drying air takes away moisture in the sludge to form wet air while completing heat exchange with the sludge; a circulating fan is arranged above the conveyor belt, under the condition that weak negative pressure (-5 kPa to-10 kPa) of a drying area is maintained, wet air is pumped to a heat pump heating area or a clean energy heating area by the circulating fan, air in the wet air is circularly sent to the lower part of the conveyor belt after being heated by the heat pump heating area or the clean energy heating area, and moisture in the wet air is converted into condensed water by a circulating condensing area to be discharged; the drying area is provided with a sludge outlet which is positioned at the tail end of the running direction of the conveyor belt, and the dried sludge after drying is sent into the discharging area through the sludge outlet and discharged.
Further, as preferable:
the sludge inlet is connected to the outlet of the inclined screw of the sludge inlet forming machine through a sludge hopper; and calculating the pipe diameter of the sludge inlet according to the sludge treatment flow rate and the flow rate of 0.01-0.015 m/s, so as to meet the flow rate of sludge conveying. Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of the sludge, the irregular sludge is agglomerated, and the formed sludge is in a strip shape or a pancake shape, so that the drying is facilitated.
The conveyor belt is provided with two groups, namely an upper conveyor belt and a lower conveyor belt. More preferably, the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt are respectively provided with a baffle plate to assist in transferring the sludge in the process of conveying.
The clean energy heating zone consists of a heat storage water tank, a heat collector, a hot water circulating pump and a heat collector evaporator, the heat collector supplies energy to heat the heat storage water tank, the heat storage water tank is provided with a temperature detection unit, when the temperature detection unit detects that the temperature of the heat storage water tank reaches a starting condition, wet air is sent into the clean energy heating zone, a hot water circulating pump and a hot air blower of the heat collector evaporator are automatically started, the wet air output by the drying zone is heated, and a heat pump heating zone stops running; when the temperature of the heat collector does not reach the set value, the wet air is sent into a heat pump heating area, the heat pump heating area comprises a dehumidifying heat pump, a heat pump evaporator, an expansion valve and a compressor, the compressor works to convert mechanical energy into heat energy, the heat pump evaporator heats the wet air, and the air condensed to 30-40 ℃ by the dehumidifying heat pump is heated to the temperature required by the drying area. The two modes are matched, so that the aim of energy conservation is fulfilled, and the energy conservation effect is very obvious. More preferably, the clean energy heating area and the heat pump heating area adopt the same evaporator, the evaporator is provided with two medium pipelines, and the two medium pipelines are all provided with independent interfaces.
The circulating condensation area is provided with a heat pump condenser and a heat collector condenser, the heat pump condenser adopts a medium of a compression mechanism, and the heat collector condenser adopts a running water cooling agent; when the heat pump heating area provides a heat source, the control system of the circulating condensation area regulates and controls the circulating condensation area to adopt a refrigerant in the compressor, namely a heat pump condenser, at the moment, according to energy conservation, cold energy generated by the compressor is used for cooling damp and hot air at an exhaust fan outlet by the heat pump condenser to generate condensed water and remove the condensed water, and heat energy is used for heating the air to form dry and hot air; when the clean energy heating area provides a heat source, the control system regulates and controls the circulating condensing area to adopt conventional tap water as a condenser medium, namely a heat collector condenser according to the heat source. The two operate independently and do not affect each other. According to the temperature condition of the heat storage water tank, the two systems can be operated independently or simultaneously, so that the energy saving purpose is achieved.
The discharging area is provided with a sludge bin, a discharging hopper, a shaftless screw machine, a sludge butt joint, a conveyor and a sludge lifting machine, the discharging hopper is correspondingly arranged with a sludge outlet of the drying area, the shaftless screw machine and the sludge butt joint are arranged between the discharging hopper and the conveyor, the lifting machine is arranged between the conveyor and the sludge bin, and the bottom of the sludge bin is provided with an outlet; the discharging hopper is used for completing short-time storage of the dried sludge, the sludge is conveyed to a sludge lifting machine through a conveyor, and is transferred to a sludge storage bin through the sludge lifting machine, and the sludge storage bin is provided with an outlet, so that the dried sludge can be discharged. More preferably, the conveyor is serpentine in configuration. The lifting machine is arranged, so that the high-level setting of the sludge bin is realized, and the bottom of the sludge bin is provided with an outlet, so that a transportation vehicle can directly enter the bottom of the dried sludge bin, the dried sludge can be conveniently cleared, and the continuous operation of sludge drying is ensured.
The device for realizing the low-temperature drying can be specifically described as the following structure: the method comprises a mud feeding forming machine, a refining area, a dryer and a dehumidifying heat pump, wherein formed mud enters the refining area through a mud inlet, crushed filter cakes which are refined to a set specification (such as 5 multiplied by 8 mm) in the refining area are crushed, and the crushed filter cakes subsequently fall into the dryer; an upper conveyor belt and a lower conveyor belt are arranged in the dryer, the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt adopt a net structure, and the loop operation of the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt is realized by a driving roller and a driving power supply which are independent respectively; the bottom of the dryer is provided with a hot air inlet, and the top of the dryer is provided with a wet air outlet; the heating zone is provided with a dry hot air pipe and a wet air pipe, the dry hot air pipe is connected between the heating zone and a hot air inlet, a first circulating fan is arranged on the dry hot air pipe, and the dry hot air meeting the temperature requirement of the drying zone is sent to the lower part of the lower conveying belt through the hot air inlet; the wet air pipe is connected between the wet air outlet and the heating area, a circulating fan II is arranged on the wet air pipe, the wet air which completes heat exchange and brings out moisture is transferred into the heating area, heated and condensed to remove water, and then the wet air is sent into the dryer again through the circulating fan I and the dry hot air pipe; and a filter cake outlet is arranged at the tail end of the running direction of the lower conveyor belt, and the dried filter cake is sent out through the filter cake outlet.
The device can meet the sludge drying purposes in six aspects of safety, environmental protection, high efficiency, stability, intelligence and energy conservation:
(1) Safety: the whole sensitization process is carried out below 75 ℃, and is fully suitable for sludge drying in municipal, printing and dyeing and papermaking industries; the system is safe to operate, has no hidden explosion trouble and does not need to operate by flushing nitrogen; oxygen content in sludge drying process<12% dust concentration<60g/m 3 Particle temperature<60 ℃; the sludge is statically spread and has no mechanical static friction with the contact surface; the method has no adhesive phase (about 60%) in the urban sludge drying process, the dry material is granular, no dust hazard exists, the discharging temperature is low (less than 50 ℃), and the method can be directly stored without cooling.
(2) Environmental protection: adopts a totally-enclosed drying mode with low temperature (40-75 ℃) without odor overflow, does not need to install a complex deodorizing device, H 2 S、NH 3 The precipitation amount is greatly reduced; the method can be suitable for being installed in urban sewage plants, and the condensed water (namely the water content of the sludge) is simply treated (or directly discharged), so that the condensed water treatment cost in the drying process is saved.
(3) High efficiency: the device is suitable for sludge drying with the water content of 83-50%, the water content of discharged materials can be randomly adjusted at 10% -60%, the 83% water content of the sludge can be directly dried to 10%, the capacity can be reduced to 67%, the weight can be reduced to 80%, a large amount of later transportation cost is saved, the drying process does not need to be treated in a sectional manner, and the device has the following requirements: compared with plate frame filter pressing, heat drying, thin layer drying, belt drying and the like, the efficiency is higher, and the flow is shorter; in the whole drying process, no organic matters are lost, and the heat value of the dry material is high, so that the method is suitable for later-stage recycling.
(4) Stabilization: in the whole drying process, the continuous drying is carried out in a closed conveyor belt mode, the drying temperature can reach 90-120 min at the temperature of above 70 ℃, more than 96% of sterilization can be effectively realized, and the collection effect of pasteurization (pasteurization) method-low-temperature heating sterilization is realized.
(5) And (3) intelligence: the matching between the circulating condensation area and the two heating areas is controlled by adopting mature WEB and other technologies, so that on-site operation data can be transmitted to a data monitoring center of the company in real time, and remote maintenance and remote monitoring are realized; full-automatic operation saves a great deal of labor cost; and clean energy (such as solar energy) of the clean energy heating area has mature and simple utilization technology, less operation and maintenance workload and low operation cost, and is installed at the top of a building without occupying other installation spaces.
(6) Energy saving: according to the low-temperature drying device, the compressor is stopped in the clean energy available time, so that a large amount of commercial power consumption is saved, and the energy consumption is saved by more than 50%; the method reduces the running cost of advanced sludge treatment, solves the electric power problem of the sludge low-temperature belt dryer, and has positive effects on popularization and application of the sludge low-temperature belt dryer; on the basis of utilizing an energy-saving heat pump system, solar clean energy input is integrated, so that the operation treatment cost of each ton of sludge is greatly reduced, and the saved cost is about 50 yuan/ton.
In conclusion, the drying device breaks through the technical bottlenecks of high energy consumption and high humidity of the traditional intelligent dehumidification, the circulating condensation area and the two heating areas break through the traditional electronic expansion valve control technology, and the independent intelligent module is adopted for control, so that the load adjusting capability is high, and the running stability and operability are improved; the heating area adopts the combination of a heat pump and a solar clean energy technology, so that municipal power supply energy consumption is reduced; in the drying area, the traditional air duct design is broken through, and the drying effect of wet sludge is improved by adopting the separation of dry air and wet hot air, so that the energy consumption is reduced, three-effect dehumidification and four-effect dehumidification are realized, the air humidity is lower (can reach below 10 percent), the drying efficiency is faster, and a large amount of energy consumption of a fan can be saved; the device expands the industrial application of the refrigeration and dehumidification technology in the fields with the temperature of 80 ℃ and the humidity of below 10%; in material input and transportation, corresponding motors all adopt variable frequency stepless speed regulation, the technical bottleneck of the traditional compressor frequency control is broken through, the variable frequency accurate control is realized, the variable frequency stepless speed regulation device is suitable for dry material adjustment with different water contents (10% -50%), the operation is more energy-saving, and the adaptability is strong and the stability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall operation of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the drying zone in the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a sludge bin in the present application.
Reference numerals in the drawings: A. molding sludge; B. crushing a filter cake; C. wet cake; D. drying the filter cake; E. a mud feeding forming area; F. a drying area; G. a heat pump heating area; H. clean energy heat generation area; I. a circulating condensing zone; 1. feeding into a mud forming machine; 11. a sludge inlet; 2. a refining zone; 3. a dryer; 31. an upper conveyor belt; 32. a lower conveyor belt; 33. a baffle; 34. a hot air inlet; 35. a wet air outlet; 36. a filter cake outlet; 4. a dehumidification heat pump; 41. a dry hot air duct; 411. a circulating fan I; 42. a wet air pipe; 421. a circulating fan II; 43. a condenser water pipe; 44. a heat pump evaporator; 45. a heat pump condenser; 46. a compressor; 47. an expansion valve; 6. a heat storage water tank; 61. a hot water circulation pump; 7. a heat collector; 71. a clean energy evaporator; 72. a clean energy condenser; 8. a cooling tower; 81. a cooling pump; 82. a water condenser; 9. a sludge bin; 91. a discharge hopper; 92. a shaftless screw machine; 93. a sludge butt joint; 94. a conveyor; 95. a hoist; 96. and an outlet.
Detailed Description
The energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device in the embodiment is combined with fig. 1, and comprises a sludge inlet forming area E, a drying area F, a circulating condensing area I and a heating area formed by a heat pump heating area G and a clean energy heating area H, wherein the sludge inlet forming area E is provided with a sludge inlet 11, and the sludge with water content of about 80% generated by a sludge mechanical dehydrator is irregularly shaped, is sent into the sludge inlet forming area E, and is formed into strip-shaped, cake-shaped or pancake-shaped formed sludge A by the sludge inlet forming machine 1, wherein the formed sludge A in the shape can be uniformly spread on a conveying belt of the drying area, and is an important ring of a sludge dehydration link; the formed sludge A enters a refining zone 2 through a sludge inlet 11, is refined into a crushed filter cake B with the particle size of 5-8mm in the refining zone 2, and then falls into a drying zone F; referring to fig. 2, a dryer 3 is disposed in a drying area F, an upper conveyor 31 and a lower conveyor 32 are disposed in the dryer 3, the upper conveyor 31 and the lower conveyor 32 are in a mesh structure, and the loop operation is realized by respective independent driving rollers and driving power sources; the bottom of the dryer 3 is provided with a hot air inlet 34, and the top is provided with a wet air outlet 35; the heating zone is provided with a dry hot air pipe 41 and a wet air pipe 42, the dry hot air pipe 41 is connected between the heating zone and the hot air inlet 34, a first circulating fan 411 is arranged on the dry hot air pipe 41, and the dry hot air meeting the temperature requirement of the drying zone is sent to the lower part of the lower conveying belt 32 through the hot air inlet 34; the wet air pipe 42 is connected between the wet air outlet 35 and the heating area, a second circulating fan 421 is arranged on the wet air pipe, the second circulating fan 421 maintains weak negative pressure in the dryer 3, and simultaneously ensures that the air in the oven is dried so as to be beneficial to evaporating the moisture and air circulation of the wet and hot sludge without leakage, the wet air which is subjected to heat exchange and brings out the moisture is transferred into the heating area, heated and condensed to remove water, then is sent into the dryer 3 again through the first circulating fan 411 and the dry and hot air pipe 41, and rises from the bottom to the top according to the characteristics of the hot air, and the layer of sludge on the conveyor belt is heated; the crushed filter cake B is still wet filter cake C when on the upper conveyor 31, after the whole conveyor runs and exchanges heat, the moisture is gradually removed to form a dry filter cake D, and the dry filter cake D is sent out to a sludge bin 9 of a discharge area through a filter cake outlet 36 at the tail end of the running direction of the lower conveyor 32, so that the low-temperature drying of the sludge is completed.
In the above process, the heating zone includes the heat pump heating zone G and the clean energy heating zone H, and the circulating condensing zone I cooperating with the heating zone. The heat pump heating area G consists of a compressor 46, (electronic) expansion valve 47, an evaporator, a condenser, a pressure transmitter, a temperature sensor and the like; the compressor 46 is used for doing work by utilizing electric energy, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, and the evaporator is used for rapidly heating circulated air, so that the temperature of an air outlet of the circulating condenser is heated from about 40 ℃ to 70 ℃ to reach the temperature required by the oven; meanwhile, according to the principle of conservation of energy, the cold energy generated by the compressor 46 is used for cooling the hot and humid air at the outlet of the exhaust fan by the condenser, so that condensed water is generated and discharged out of the oven; the pressure transmitter and the temperature sensor arranged in the heat pump heating area G are important bases for completing the normal operation of the compressor; the clean energy heating zone H comprises a heat storage water tank 6, a heat collector 7 and a temperature detection unit, wherein the heat storage water tank 6 stores heat, when the temperature detection unit detects that the temperature reaches a set value, the auxiliary heat pump heating zone G supplies heat to the drying zone F, and the heat collection area of the heat collector 7 (such as a solar heat collection tube) and the volume of the heat storage water tank 6 and the circulation flow of a hot water circulation pump 61 are calculated according to local solar parameters and the sludge dewatering amount, so that the heat generated by the clean energy heating zone H can completely meet the sludge drying requirement; the heat storage water tank 6 is provided with a temperature detection unit, when the temperature of the heat storage water tank 6 reaches a starting condition, the hot water circulating pump 61 and the hot water evaporator air blower are automatically started to supply heat to the sludge low-temperature drying oven, and the heat pump system stops running, so that the aim of saving energy is fulfilled; the circulating condensation zone I is matched with the heat pump heating zone G and the clean energy heating zone H to finish the separation and condensation of water; the drying area F is provided with a sludge outlet 36, the sludge outlet 36 is positioned at the tail end of the running direction of the conveyor belt, and the dried sludge after drying is sent into the discharging area through the sludge outlet 36 and discharged.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the clean energy heating area I is composed of a heat storage water tank 6, a heat collector 7, a hot water circulating pump 61, and a heat collector evaporator 71, the heat collector 7 supplies energy to heat the heat storage water tank 6, the heat storage water tank 6 is provided with a temperature detection unit (not labeled in the figure), when the temperature detection unit detects that the temperature of the heat storage water tank 6 reaches a starting condition, the wet air is sent to the clean energy heating area H, the hot water circulating pump 61 and a hot air blower of the heat collector evaporator 71 are automatically started, the wet air output by the drying area F is heated, and the heat pump heating area G stops running; when the temperature of the heat storage water tank 6 does not reach the set value, the wet air is sent to a heat pump heating area G, the heat pump heating area G comprises a dehumidification heat pump 4, a heat pump evaporator 44, an expansion valve 47 and a compressor 46, the compressor 46 does work to convert mechanical energy into heat energy, the heat pump evaporator 44 heats the wet air, and the air condensed to 30-40 ℃ by the dehumidification heat pump 4 is heated to the temperature required by a drying area F. The two modes are matched, so that the aim of energy conservation is fulfilled, and the energy conservation effect is very obvious.
The circulating condensation area I is provided with a heat pump condenser 45 and a heat collector condenser 72, the heat pump condenser 45 adopts a compression mechanism medium, and the heat collector condenser 72 adopts a running water cooling agent; when the heat pump heating zone G provides a heat source, the control system of the circulating condensation zone I regulates and controls the circulating condensation zone I to adopt a refrigerant in the compressor, namely the heat pump condenser 45 according to the heat source, at the moment, according to energy conservation, cold energy generated by the compressor 46 is used for cooling damp and hot air at an exhaust fan outlet by the heat pump condenser 45 to generate condensed water and remove the condensed water, and heat energy is used for heating the air to form dry and hot air; when the clean energy heating zone H provides a heat source, the control system regulates the circulating condensation zone I to use normal tap water as a condenser medium, i.e., the collector condenser 72, according to the source of the heat source. The two operate independently and do not affect each other. According to the temperature condition of the heat storage water tank 6, the two systems can be operated independently or simultaneously, so that the energy saving purpose is achieved.
The water content of the formed sludge A is about 80%; the running speed of the conveyor belt is 0.2-1.5m/min; drying air is introduced below the conveyor belt, the temperature of the drying air is 70-75 ℃, the drying air passes through the sludge on the conveyor belt at the speed of 120-150m/min, and the drying air takes away moisture in the sludge to form wet air while completing heat exchange with the sludge; a circulating fan is arranged above the conveyor belt, and under the condition that the air humidity is smaller than a set value and the weak negative pressure (-5 kPa to-10 kPa) of the drying area is maintained, wet air is pumped to a heat pump heating area, is heated to 70-75 ℃ by the heat pump heating area and is circularly sent below the conveyor belt as dry air; the water content of the dry filter cake D is 10-60%.
As the preferable setting of the scheme, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor can be arranged in the dryer, and the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are important basis for controlling the running state of the heat pump heating area or the clean energy heating area: the temperature and the humidity in the drying area are ensured to be constant within the set control value range, and the safe, energy-saving and stable operation of the whole device is ensured.
As a preferable arrangement of the above scheme, the drying area F is correspondingly provided with a discharging area, and referring to fig. 3, the discharging area is provided with a sludge bin 9, a discharging hopper 91, a shaftless screw machine 92, a sludge opposite port 93, a conveyor 94 and a sludge lifter 95, the discharging hopper 91 is correspondingly arranged with a sludge outlet 36 of the drying area F, the shaftless screw machine 92 and the sludge opposite port 93 are arranged between the discharging hopper 91 and the conveyor 94, the lifter 95 is arranged between the conveyor 94 and the sludge bin 9, and an outlet 96 is arranged at the bottom of the sludge bin 9; the discharging hopper 91 finishes the temporary storage of the dried sludge, the sludge is conveyed by the conveyor 94, and is conveyed to the sludge lifting machine 95 by the conveyor 94, and is transferred to the sludge storage bin by the lifting machine 95, and the sludge storage bin 9 is provided with an outlet 96, so that the dried sludge can be discharged. More preferably, the conveyor 94 is serpentine in configuration. The lifting machine 95 is arranged, so that the high-level arrangement of the sludge bin 9 is realized, and the outlet 96 is arranged at the bottom of the sludge bin, so that the condition that a transport vehicle directly enters the bottom of the dried sludge bin is met, the dried sludge is conveniently cleared, and the continuous operation of sludge drying is ensured.
The working principle of the device is as follows: the sludge with the water content of about 80% generated by the sludge mechanical dehydrator is finished from a sludge feeding forming area E of the device, namely strip-shaped, cake-shaped or granular sludge which is favorable for drying enters a mesh conveyor belt of a drying area F, dry hot air with the temperature of about 75 ℃ generated by a heat pump heating area G or a clean energy heating area H is conveyed to the bottom of the mesh conveyor belt by a blower, and the sludge on the conveyor belt is heated layer by utilizing the characteristic of the hot air; the hot and humid air is pumped to an air inlet of the circulating condenser through an exhaust fan, the air humidity in the oven is kept to be smaller than a set value, a weak negative pressure state is kept, and the air in the oven is ensured to be dried so as to be beneficial to evaporating the moisture of the hot and humid sludge and circulating the air without leakage; the dried sludge passes through a high-position dried sludge storage bin and is directly transported outwards by a transport vehicle.
The utility model discloses a divide into four regions from the functional area, be into mud shaping district E, stoving district F, heat pump heating zone G, clean energy heating zone H, circulation condensation district I, ejection of compact district in proper order. The clean energy heat generating region H is the most important functional region of the present application. The functional components are all composed of mature market mainstream products; mainly comprises a solar vacuum heat collecting pipe, a light collecting film, a heat storage water tank 6, a hot water circulating pump 61, an evaporator, a running water condenser and the like; solar energy is fully utilized in daytime, peak-to-valley power supplies of the power grid are utilized at night, and the running cost of sludge advanced treatment is reduced as much as possible. Provides a reasonable treatment method for solving the current advanced treatment of sludge in China and provides powerful guarantee for popularization and application of a low-temperature belt type sludge dryer.
Claims (7)
1. Energy-saving belt sludge low temperature desiccation device, its characterized in that: the device comprises a mud feeding forming area, a refining area, a drying area, a heat pump heating area, a clean energy heating area, a circulating condensing area and a discharging area, wherein the heat pump heating area and the clean energy heating area jointly form a heating area; the drying area comprises at least two conveyor belts, the conveyor belts are net-shaped, and the running speed of the conveyor belts is 0.2-1.5m/min; drying air is introduced below the conveyor belt, the temperature of the drying air is 70-75 ℃, the drying air passes through the sludge on the conveyor belt at the speed of 120-150m/min, and the drying air takes away moisture in the sludge to form wet air while completing heat exchange with the sludge;
the heating zone is provided with a dry hot air pipe and a wet air pipe, the dry hot air pipe is connected between the heating zone and a hot air inlet, a first circulating fan is arranged on the dry hot air pipe, dry hot air meeting the temperature requirement of a drying zone is sent to the lower part of the lower conveying belt through the hot air inlet, the wet air pipe is connected between a wet air outlet and the heating zone, a second circulating fan is arranged on the wet air pipe, the wet air which completes heat exchange and brings out moisture is transferred into the heating zone, and after heating and condensation water removal, the wet air is sent into the dryer again through the first circulating fan and the dry hot air pipe; a filter cake outlet is arranged at the tail end of the running direction of the lower conveyor belt, and the dried filter cake is sent out through the filter cake outlet;
the second circulating fan is arranged above the conveyor belt, under the condition of maintaining the weak negative pressure of the drying area to-5 kPa to-10 kPa, wet air is pumped to the heat pump heating area or the clean energy heating area through the circulating fan, the air in the wet air is circularly conveyed to the lower part of the conveyor belt without leakage after being heated by the heat pump heating area or the clean energy heating area, and moisture in the wet air is condensed into condensed water at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ through the circulating condensing area; the drying area is provided with a sludge outlet which is positioned at the tail end of the running direction of the conveyor belt, the dried sludge after drying is sent into the discharging area through the sludge outlet and discharged, and the whole drying process adopts a totally-closed drying mode without odor overflow;
the clean energy heating area consists of a heat storage water tank, a heat collector, a hot water circulating pump and a heat collector evaporator, and the heat pump heating area comprises a dehumidification heat pump, a heat pump evaporator, an expansion valve and a compressor; the heat collector supplies energy to the heat storage water tank for heating, the heat storage water tank is provided with a temperature detection unit, when the temperature detection unit detects that the temperature of the heat storage water tank reaches a starting condition, wet air is sent into a clean energy heating zone, a hot water circulating pump and a hot air blower of an evaporator of the heat collector are automatically started, wet air output by a drying zone is heated, and a heat pump heating zone stops running; when the temperature of the heat collector does not reach a set value, wet air is sent into a heat pump heating area, a compressor works to convert mechanical energy into heat energy, then the heat pump evaporator heats the wet air, the air condensed to 30-40 ℃ by the dehumidification heat pump is heated to the temperature required by a drying area, the heat collector evaporator and the heat pump evaporator are the same evaporator, the evaporator is provided with two medium pipelines, the two medium pipelines are all provided with independent interfaces, the circulating condensing area is provided with a heat pump condenser and a heat collector condenser, the heat pump condenser adopts a compression mechanism medium, and the heat collector condenser adopts running water cooling agent.
2. The energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device according to claim 1, wherein: the sludge inlet is connected to the outlet of the inclined screw of the sludge forming machine through a sludge hopper.
3. The energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of the formed sludge is strip or pancake.
4. The energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device according to claim 1, wherein: the conveyor belt is provided with two groups, namely an upper conveyor belt and a lower conveyor belt.
5. The energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device according to claim 4, wherein: the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt are respectively provided with a baffle plate.
6. The energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device according to claim 1, wherein: the discharging area is provided with a sludge bin, a discharging hopper, a shaftless screw machine, a sludge butt joint port, a conveyor and a sludge lifting machine, the discharging hopper is correspondingly arranged with a sludge outlet of the drying area, the shaftless screw machine and the sludge butt joint port are arranged between the discharging hopper and the conveyor, the lifting machine is arranged between the conveyor and the sludge bin, and the bottom of the sludge bin is provided with an outlet.
7. The energy-saving belt type sludge low-temperature drying device according to claim 6, wherein: the conveyor is of a serpentine structure.
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| CN109928600B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-07-02 | 北京科技大学 | Residual sludge low-temperature drying device and operation method thereof |
| CN110078349B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2024-03-08 | 广州市广环环保科技有限公司 | Sludge low-temperature drying device and method |
| CN110054390A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-07-26 | 夏献云 | A kind of municipal sludge drying processing equipment |
| CN110526546A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-03 | 上海同臣环保有限公司 | Sludge drying device and sludge drying processing method |
| CN110981151B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-09-30 | 江苏天舒电器有限公司 | Negative pressure type heat pump closed sludge drying control system and control method |
| CN112876030B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2023-08-08 | 江苏天舒电器有限公司 | Self-adaptive belt type heat pump sludge drying system and control method thereof |
| CN110845117A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-28 | 天津五洲同创空调制冷设备有限公司 | Sludge low-temperature heat pump drying device |
| CN111333298A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-26 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Sludge drying machine with transportation function and working method thereof |
| CN112707624A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-27 | 上海珂研智能科技有限公司 | Heat pump low temperature sludge drying system |
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