CN109388907A - A kind of design method of the shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility - Google Patents
A kind of design method of the shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility Download PDFInfo
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- CN109388907A CN109388907A CN201811286964.1A CN201811286964A CN109388907A CN 109388907 A CN109388907 A CN 109388907A CN 201811286964 A CN201811286964 A CN 201811286964A CN 109388907 A CN109388907 A CN 109388907A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to vibration field more particularly to a kind of design methods of the shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility comprising following steps: (a) carrying out dynamic flexibility test to original shafting, obtains it in the dynamic flexibility data with additional shaft tying chalaza;(b) additional shafting is designed, the longitudinal structure model of additional shafting is modeled;(c) Dynamic flexibility matrix that can characterize additional shafting kinetic characteristics is calculated;(d) dynamic flexibility data is combined to obtain combining the dynamic flexibility equation of shafting with Dynamic flexibility matrix;(e) the dynamic flexibility equation for calculating combination shafting, obtains the dynamic flexibility of combination shafting;(f) dynamic flexibility for combining shafting is compared with design requirement, if it is satisfied, so design terminates, if conditions are not met, step (b) and following step are then repeated, until meeting the requirements.The present invention directly utilizes the test data of original shafting, without building the kinetic model of original shafting structure, can accurately estimate the longitudinal vibration characteristics after shafting amendment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanics and vibrotechnique field more particularly to a kind of shaftings with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility
Design method.
Background technique
Although finite element method all has been obtained widely in every field such as ship, space flight and aviation, automobile, buildings
Using, establish a large amount of numerical model for different problems, for predict in the case that interfere or motivate there are knot
Structure response, to instruct optimization design structural dynamic characteristics.But theory analysis process, which exists, largely to be simplified, and theoretical hypothesis,
Approximation, the error of damping of boundary condition all will lead to simulation analysis model and a degree of deviation occurs in actual structure,
It can not be based on the direct solving practical problems of simulation analysis model.For labyrinth, although can be in certain journey by Modifying model
Model accuracy is improved on degree, but inevitable existing deviation between numerical model and practical structures, will lead to numerical model
Reference value decline.
In practical implementation, for marine shafting structure, on the one hand due to the spiral shell of the uneven Wake Field work of stern
Effect has a biggish alternation longitudinal direction exciting force on rotation paddle, and on the other hand, with the enlargement of ship, main engine power increases,
The especially long axis system arrangement of multi-cylinder diesel engine, since diesel engine and its harmful extensional vibration critical speed are possible to fall into fortune
Turn in the range of speeds, thus since the extensional vibration of shaft causes the failure even destruction of Axial parts.For shafting longitudinal direction
Oscillation phenomenon such as goes wrong, it will usually on the basis of original shafting, increase one end and add shafting to reduce the longitudinal direction of shafting
Vibration, during being designed, common means are that the numerical value of original shafting and additional shafting is established by simulation analysis
Model carries out the extensional vibration optimization design of shafting, but since the numerical model for precisely establishing original shafting is very difficult, thus
Lead to not estimate the extensional vibration dynamic flexibility for redesigning rear axle mechanism very well, so that the optimization design for shafting brings certain be stranded
It is difficult.
Therefore, the design method for needing a kind of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility is asked to solve above-mentioned technology
Topic.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of design methods of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility, without taking
Build the kinetic model of original shafting structure, can careful design meet preset requirement longitudinal vibration characteristics shafting.
To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of design method of the shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility, comprising the following steps:
(a) dynamic flexibility test is carried out to original shafting, obtains it in the dynamic flexibility data with additional shaft tying chalaza;
(b) the additional shafting is designed, the longitudinal structure model of the additional shafting is modeled;
(c) Dynamic flexibility matrix that can characterize the kinetic characteristics of the additional shafting is calculated;
(d) obtain combining the dynamic flexibility equation of shafting with the Dynamic flexibility matrix in conjunction with the dynamic flexibility data;
(e) the dynamic flexibility equation for calculating the combination shafting, obtains the dynamic flexibility of combination shafting;
(f) by it is described combination shafting dynamic flexibility with compare, if it is satisfied, so design terminate, if conditions are not met, then
Step (b) and (b) step below are repeated, until meeting the requirements.
Preferably, the step (b) needs to design the additional shafting according to spatial position, weight constraints.
Preferably, the binding sites in the step (a) can connect the additional shafting in the original shafting
Position.
Preferably, the original shafting can connect the two side ends point that the position of the additional shafting is the original shafting
It sets or other middle positions.
Preferably, before carrying out the step (a), need to collect, arrange the drive characteristic of the original shafting.
Preferably, in the step (b), dynamic flexibility equation that the longitudinal structure model of the additional shafting is modeled
For,Wherein, xD(ω) indicates the displacement of the binding site D, x2
(ω) is the displacement that the additional shaft fastens any point,The origin for tying up to the binding site D for the additional shaft is dynamic
Flexibility,For the additional shaft tie up to the relatively described additional shaft of the binding site D fasten any point across crawl
Flexibility,For the additional shaft tie up to the additional shaft fasten the relatively described binding site D of any point across crawl
Flexibility,The origin dynamic flexibility that the additional shaft fastens the upper any point, f are tied up to for the additional shaft2(ω) is to add
It is loaded in the dynamic force that the additional shaft is fastened,The internal force of the original shafting of influence for to(for) the additional shafting.
Preferably, the dynamic flexibility equation of combination shafting described in the step (d) is
WhereinFor the original shafting structure the binding site D origin dynamic flexibility.
Preferably, the dynamic flexibility equation of combination shafting described in the step (e) is
WhereinFor the dynamic flexibility for the additional shafting any point that the built-up shaft is fastened.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The invention avoids the constraints such as the amendment of original shafting longitudinal vibration model and corresponding model simplification, boundary condition
Error caused by inaccuracy directly ties up to the dynamic flexibility test data with additional shaft tying chalaza using original axis, without building
The kinetic model of original shafting structure, the accuracy of estimation results only with the dynamic flexibility test result and additional shaft of original shafting
The accuracy of the kinetic model of system is related, after calculating amendment, original shafting accurately can be quickly modified to and be met
The combination shafting of the longitudinal vibration characteristics of preset requirement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of present invention combination shafting;
Fig. 3 is the discrete values model schematic of the combination shafting in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the discrete values model based on combination shafting uses calculated result of the present invention and results of numerical model calculation
Dynamic flexibility amplitude comparison chart;
Fig. 5 is that the discrete values model based on combination shafting uses calculated result of the present invention and results of numerical model calculation
Dynamic flexibility phase comparison chart.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.It is understood that this place
The specific embodiment of description is used only for explaining the present invention rather than limiting the invention.It also should be noted that in order to
Convenient for description, in attached drawing, only the parts related to the present invention are shown and it is not all.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of design method of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility, including with
Lower step:
(a) dynamic flexibility test is carried out to original shafting, obtains it in the dynamic flexibility data with additional shaft tying chalaza;
(b) additional shafting is designed, the longitudinal structure model of additional shafting is modeled;
(c) Dynamic flexibility matrix that can characterize additional shafting kinetic characteristics is calculated;
(d) dynamic flexibility data is combined to obtain combining the dynamic flexibility equation of shafting with Dynamic flexibility matrix;
(e) the dynamic flexibility equation for calculating combination shafting, obtains the dynamic flexibility of combination shafting;
(f) dynamic flexibility for combining shafting is compared with design requirement, if it is satisfied, so design terminates, if discontented
Foot, then repeatedly step (b) and (b) step below, until meeting the requirements.The present invention is directly tied up to and is added using original axis
The dynamic flexibility data of shafting binding site, without building the kinetic model of original shafting structure, the accuracy of estimation results only with
The accuracy of the kinetic model of additional shafting is related, after calculating amendment, can accurately estimate the dynamic of combination shafting
Flexibility while bringing great convenience for subsequent optimization design, can effectively reduce shafting modification cost.
Specifically, need first to compile the drive characteristic of original shafting before carrying out step (a), so that it is determined that combination
The boundary condition of shafting longitudinal vibration dynamic flexibility design, above-mentioned drive characteristic are mainly the frequency that shafting longitudinal vibration needs to avoid
And vibratory response amplitude under the effect of different frequency active force etc..Then, dynamic flexibility test is carried out to original shafting, obtains it
In the dynamic flexibility data with additional shaft tying chalaza, as shown in Fig. 2, wherein the position of binding site, that is, original shafting can be connected attached
Add the position of shafting to can be two sides endpoint location or other middle positions of original shafting, does not do excessive restriction herein.
Specifically, include the restrictive conditions such as spatial position, arrangement, weight based on scene, primarily determine additional shafting structure
Spatial position and basic geometric dimension, design additional shafting.Then, the longitudinal structure model of additional shafting is modeled.
Original shafting is described for adding the influence of shafting as the form of internal force, it is assumed here that the internal force isUsing dynamic
Flexibility matrix states structure, and considers only to load single dynamic force f on additional shafting structure2, then dynamic flexibility equation
Form can be written as follow:
Wherein, xD(ω) indicates the displacement of binding site D, x2(ω) is the displacement that the additional shaft fastens any point,The origin dynamic flexibility of binding site D is tied up to for additional shaft,It is relatively additional that binding site D is tied up to for additional shaft
In shafting any point across a dynamic flexibility,For additional shaft tie up to additional shaft fasten any point with respect to binding site D across
Point dynamic flexibility,For the dynamic flexibility for the additional shafting any point that the built-up shaft is fastened.
The Dynamic flexibility matrix of additional shafting is calculated by dynamic flexibility equation (1).
Specifically, prototype structure shafting is individually carried out into force analysis, then original shafting structure is in the movement side for combining D point
Journey can be written as follow form:
In equation (2),For original shafting structure binding site D origin dynamic flexibility, at this it may be noted that
Negative sign is that internal force at binding site is equal in magnitude but contrary cause.It can be directly by for original axis
System carries out mode measurement method and obtains, as
The Dynamic flexibility matrix of additional shafting is calculated by dynamic flexibility equation (1), the original shafting obtained in conjunction with measurement
The Dynamic flexibility matrix of structure further calculate for the dynamic flexibility of combination shafting structure as follows: in equation (1), be enabled
Internal forceFor the simple harmonic quantity power of a unit-sized, and equation (2) are substituted into equation (1), then equation (1) can be written as follow form:
Equation (3) is simplified, the additional shaft on combination shafting structure after further available modification
Be origin dynamic flexibility at any point i.e.It can calculate as shown in equation (4):
Finally, carry out step (f), if it is satisfied, so design terminate, if conditions are not met, then repeat step (b) and
(b) step below, until meeting the requirements.
Discrete values model by building combination shafting as shown in Figure 3 verifies this method, it may be noted that this hair
The bright additional shafting structure for being not limited to that discrete model can be simplified to.As shown in Fig. 3, original shafting is reduced to 7 quality models altogether,
1 to 7 corresponding mass of serial number is respectively 395,50,45,33,35,52,72, unit kg;7 springs of serial number 1 to 7 are corresponding
Rigidity is respectively 8000,10000,50000,70000,32000,3200,1300, unit MN/m.Additional shafting is reduced to 3 matter
Model is measured, corresponding mass is respectively 36,72,81, unit kg;Rigidity is respectively 1300,1300, unit MN/m.Utilize this
Method provided by inventing, the dynamic flexibility that binding site position is tied up to for increasing the built-up shaft after adding shafting are counted
It calculates, as a result as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, based on calculated result of the invention and the results of numerical model calculation phase for combining shafting structure
Than amplitude is completely the same with phase: proving the feasibility of this method.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is just for the sake of clearly illustrating examples made by the present invention, and being not is pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention within the spirit and principle of invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of design method of the shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility, which comprises the following steps:
(a) dynamic flexibility test is carried out to original shafting, obtains it in the dynamic flexibility data with additional shaft tying chalaza;
(b) the additional shafting is designed, the longitudinal structure model of the additional shafting is modeled;
(c) Dynamic flexibility matrix that can characterize additional shafting kinetic characteristics is calculated;
(d) the dynamic flexibility equation for combining shafting is obtained with the Dynamic flexibility matrix in conjunction with the dynamic flexibility data;
(e) the dynamic flexibility equation for calculating the combination shafting, obtains the dynamic flexibility of combination shafting;
(f) dynamic flexibility of the combination shafting is compared with the default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility of design requirement, is set if met
Meter requires, then design terminates, if conditions are not met, then repeating step (b) and (b) step below, wants until meeting design
It asks.
2. a kind of design method of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility according to claim 1, feature exist
In the step (b) needs to design the additional shafting according to spatial position, weight constraints.
3. a kind of design method of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility according to claim 1, feature exist
In the binding sites in the step (a) can connect the position of the additional shafting in the original shafting.
4. a kind of design method of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility according to claim 3, feature exist
In the original shafting can connect the position of the additional shafting as in the two sides endpoint location of the original shafting or other
Between position.
5. a kind of design method of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility according to claim 1, feature exist
In needing to collect, arrange the drive characteristic of the original shafting before carrying out the step (a).
6. a kind of design method of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility according to claim 1, feature exist
In, in the step (b), the dynamic flexibility equation modeled to the longitudinal structure model of the additional shafting is,Wherein, xD(ω) indicates the displacement of the binding site D, x2(ω) is
The additional shaft fastens the displacement of any point,The origin dynamic flexibility of the binding site D is tied up to for the additional shaft,For the additional shaft tie up to the relatively described additional shaft of the binding site D fasten any point across a dynamic flexibility,For the additional shaft tie up to the additional shaft fasten the relatively described binding site D of any point across a dynamic flexibility,The origin dynamic flexibility that the additional shaft fastens the upper any point, f are tied up to for the additional shaft2(ω) is that load exists
The dynamic force that the additional shaft is fastened,The internal force of the original shafting of influence for to(for) the additional shafting.
7. a kind of design method of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State described in step (d) combine shafting dynamic flexibility equation be
WhereinFor the original shafting structure the binding site D origin dynamic flexibility.
8. a kind of design method of shafting with default extensional vibration dynamic flexibility according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Described in the step (e) combine shafting the dynamic flexibility equation be
WhereinFor the dynamic flexibility for the additional shafting any point that the built-up shaft is fastened.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110298140A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-01 | 中船动力研究院有限公司 | Evaluation method, device, equipment and the storage medium of kinetic characteristics |
CN112395709A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-23 | 中船动力研究院有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for modifying torsional vibration state characteristics of indirect shaft system |
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CN103592125A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-02-19 | 东北大学 | Method for measuring radial dynamic flexibility of rolling bearing |
CN105466686A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳发动机设计研究所 | Rotating part axial force loading system comprising rotor and stator difference axis fault-tolerant ability |
CN105808847A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-07-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Camshaft-containing shafting complex vibration and regulation coupling modeling analysis system for diesel engine and analysis method thereof |
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JP2010286377A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-24 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method of generating model |
CN102353506A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-02-15 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for analyzing vertical vibration of deepwater top-tensioned type vertical pipe |
CN102540398A (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-07-04 | 西安电子科技大学 | Full-compliant two-spindle rotating and reflecting mirror with low cross coupling |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110298140A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-01 | 中船动力研究院有限公司 | Evaluation method, device, equipment and the storage medium of kinetic characteristics |
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CN112395709A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-23 | 中船动力研究院有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for modifying torsional vibration state characteristics of indirect shaft system |
CN112395709B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-03-29 | 中船动力研究院有限公司 | Modification method, device, equipment and medium for indirect shafting torsional vibration dynamic characteristics |
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