Precast concrete sandwich insulation board and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a precast concrete sandwich insulation board and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The concrete precast sandwich insulation board is formed by connecting an inner leaf concrete board, an insulation layer and an outer leaf concrete board through special connecting pieces or three-dimensional light steel wire net frames, and has wide application in assembled buildings due to high integration, better production quality in factories, material saving, labor saving, construction period saving, field construction environment protection and other reasons. However, the prefabricated composite energy-saving plate is hindered from developing due to late starting of the assembled building in China. The prefabricated composite energy-saving plate adopted in China at the present stage mainly introduces a foreign sandwich technology and is improved on the basis of the foreign sandwich technology, and is not completely suitable for the residence in China due to the introduction technology, and the following defects are particularly caused: (1) The existing connecting pieces are vertically embedded in the heat insulation layer, concrete is poured on two sides, the concrete on two sides and the heat insulation layer are compounded together through the tensile force of the connecting pieces, so that the production and processing are quick and convenient, the contact surface between the connecting pieces and the concrete slab on the inner side and the outer side is low, the connecting pieces are irrelevant, the connectivity and the performance of the whole structure of the wallboard are reduced, the stability of a building structure is seriously affected, and potential safety hazards exist. (2) The net frame adopting the steel wire structure has higher heat conductivity coefficient, and influences the integral heat insulation performance. And during the later processing, steel wires are inserted into the insulation board for welding, so that the production efficiency is low and the safety coefficient is low. (3) The existing prefabricated concrete sandwich insulation board is connected in a sleeve grouting connection and a bolt connection mode; the sleeve grouting connection needs grouting material, can be disassembled after solidification, and has a speed slower than that of bolt connection; the bolt connection needs to be embedded in concrete by the bolt sleeve, and the poor connectivity of the bolt sleeve and the whole plate affects the overall performance of the plate-to-plate connection.
The problems seriously prevent the prefabricated concrete sandwich insulation board from being applied in practical scale.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides the precast concrete sandwich insulation board which is better in connection performance, mechanical performance and insulation performance, reliable in assembly and convenient and fast to produce.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, the precast concrete sandwich insulation board comprises a net rack and connecting plates around the net rack, steel nets formed by staggered steel wires are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the net rack, and the precast concrete sandwich insulation board is characterized in that a plurality of fixed net rack connecting pieces are arranged in the inner space of the net rack, the whole net rack connecting pieces are in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', each net rack connecting piece comprises fixing parts which are positioned at two ends and are connected with upper and lower steel wires, a connecting rod with a space inclination is connected between the fixing parts, and the fixing parts are vertically fixed with the steel wires; the connecting rod is positioned in the organic heat-insulating layer, and the fixing part is positioned in the concrete layers at two sides; connecting plates with preset nuts are fixedly connected to the periphery of the net rack.
In order to improve the heat preservation performance, the middle part of the connecting rod is provided with a broken bridge, and the broken bridge is connected through the connecting rod made of nonmetal.
In order to enhance the connection strength, the nonmetal is fiber reinforced plastic.
Preferably, the connecting plate is angle iron, and one side of the angle iron perpendicular to the connecting surface is provided with a plurality of drilling holes, and nuts are fixed below the drilling holes.
Preferably, the angle iron is positioned in a groove formed in the concrete layer.
In order to enhance the overall strength, two sides of the net frame are respectively fixed with an anti-cracking net, and the anti-cracking net adopts a steel wire net or a glass fiber net.
A preparation method for preparing the precast concrete sandwich insulation board, which comprises the following steps,
(1) Welding the steel wires and the grid connecting pieces into a three-dimensional steel wire grid according to the design requirements of the prefabricated sandwich heat-insulating plate and the light steel wire grid building, wherein the fixing parts of the three-dimensional steel wire grid connecting pieces are respectively positioned in a vertical plane with the upper steel wires and the lower steel wires; wherein the steel wire adopts a low-carbon cold drawn steel wire with the diameter of 3-10mm;
(2) Angle irons are welded around the three-dimensional steel wire net rack, holes are drilled on the peripheries of the angle irons according to design requirements, and nuts are welded; the edge length of the angle steel is 20-100mm;
(3) Placing the welded net rack into an injection mold, and injecting an organic heat-insulating material to form a three-dimensional light steel wire net rack heat-insulating plate; the organic heat-insulating material is one of XPS, EPS or PU, and the thickness is 50-200mm;
(4) Placing an anti-cracking net at the bottom of the die, horizontally placing the three-dimensional light steel wire rack heat-insulating plate into a pouring die, and pouring fine stone concrete on one side of the three-dimensional light steel wire rack heat-insulating plate; the strength of the concrete is more than or equal to C20, and the thickness is 30-110mm;
(5) And after the concrete reaches the specified strength, paving an anti-cracking net again, pouring concrete on the other side, and then integrally curing to obtain the prefabricated sandwich insulation board.
In order to increase the connection strength of the concrete, in the step (3), the thickness of the organic heat-insulating material is smaller than that of the three-dimensional steel wire net frame.
In order to simplify the manufacturing process flow, the injection mold of the organic heat-insulating material is positioned at the joint of the fixing part and the connecting part, so that the thickness of the organic heat-insulating material is equal to the height of the connecting part.
The present invention has the advantage that,
(1) The three-dimensional steel wire net frame is adopted as a framework, so that the connection performance of the heat preservation layer and concrete layers at two sides is better, and the overall performance of the plate is improved;
(2) The net rack connecting piece is connected by adopting fiber reinforced plastic to form bridge-cut connection, so that the overall heat insulation performance of the plate is effectively improved;
(3) The three-dimensional light steel wire net rack has special shape, can realize one-step molding of the organic heat-insulating material, and is more rapid and convenient to produce;
(4) The angle irons around the precast concrete sandwich insulation board are pressed to be edges, so that the anti-folding and shock resistance of the board are improved;
(5) The connecting piece nut is connected with the whole three-dimensional steel wire net rack through welding, the whole structure stress between the plates is stronger, and the connection is more firm and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal insulation board of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the grid structure of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the grid structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rack connector structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a thermal insulation board;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another construction of a rack connector;
in the figure, angle iron 1, drilling 2, concrete layer 3, net frame 4, steel wire 41, heat insulating layer 5, nut 6, anti-cracking net 7, net frame 8, net frame connecting piece 9, and connecting rod.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a precast concrete sandwich insulation board, which comprises a grid 4 in the middle of the insulation board and connecting plates around the grid. Wherein the upper and lower of the net rack are respectively provided with steel nets formed by interlacing steel wires 4, and the inner space of the net rack is provided with a plurality of fixed net rack connecting pieces 8. As shown in fig. 4, the net rack connecting piece is in a shape of a Chinese character 'ji', wherein the net rack connecting piece 8 comprises fixing parts which are positioned at two ends and are connected with upper and lower steel wires, as shown in the figure, the upper and lower sides of the net rack connecting piece are respectively connected with fixing parts which are perpendicular to the steel wires, the fixing parts are in a U-shaped structure, a connecting rod 9 with a space incline is connected between the upper and lower fixing parts, and the connecting rod is connected with the upper and lower fixing parts to play a supporting role. When the net rack connecting piece is fixed with the upper steel wire and the lower steel wire, the fixing parts are respectively fixed with the steel wires, and the fixing parts are all positioned in a vertical plane, so that the net rack connecting piece is connected with the lower end of the upper steel wire and the upper end of the lower steel wire to form a net rack structure which is parallel to each other.
As shown in fig. 5, the grid is located inside the frame formed by the connecting plates, the organic heat-insulating layer is cast inside, the connecting rods are located in the organic heat-insulating layer 5 when the grid is cast, the fixing parts are perpendicular to the steel wires and located in the concrete layers 3 on two sides, and therefore the connecting rods are fixed with the heat-insulating layer, and the perpendicular parts are connected with the concrete layers on two sides. As shown in figure 5, the net rack and the connecting plate are welded and fixed, and the connecting plate fixed around the net rack is internally provided with a preset nut 6. And as shown in combining fig. 1 and 5, the drill holes 2 are arranged above the connecting plates, the nuts are correspondingly arranged below the connecting plates and are welded and fixed, the structure that the adjacent connecting plates are provided with the fixing nuts is formed, when pouring is performed, the nuts are fixed on the inner sides, so that the connection strength between the heat insulation plates is greatly improved, the complicated post-processing can be omitted, and the fixing mode is performed before pouring, so that the influence of defects such as deformation and the like on the whole quality due to welding processing after post-pouring molding is avoided, and the risk is controlled before pouring.
As the preference, the connecting plate of this application is angle bar 1, is equipped with a plurality of drilling 2 in angle bar and the perpendicular one side of junction surface like this, still drilling perpendicular to heated board's side, the below fixation nut of drilling, when adjacent heated board amalgamation assembly, only need utilize the bolt to utilize the steel sheet to connect the both sides nut can realize the connection of heated board fixed. The side length of the angle steel is 20-100mm, the equal side or unequal side, and the thickness is 3-100mm.
Therefore, when the precast concrete sandwich insulation board with the structure is manufactured, the method comprises the following steps that (1) steel wires and grid connectors are welded into a three-dimensional steel wire grid according to the design requirements of the precast sandwich insulation board and a light steel wire grid building, and the fixing parts of the three-dimensional steel wire grid connectors are respectively positioned in a vertical plane with upper steel wires and lower steel wires; wherein the steel wire adopts a low-carbon cold drawn steel wire with the diameter of 3-10mm; (2) Angle irons are welded around the three-dimensional steel wire net rack, holes are drilled on the peripheries of the angle irons according to design requirements, and nuts are welded; the edge length of the angle steel is 20-100mm; (3) Placing the welded net rack into an injection mold, and injecting an organic heat-insulating material to form a three-dimensional light steel wire net rack heat-insulating plate; the organic heat-insulating material is one of XPS, EPS or PU, and the thickness is 50-200mm; (4) Placing an anti-cracking net at the bottom of the die, horizontally placing the three-dimensional light steel wire rack heat-insulating plate into a pouring die, and pouring fine stone concrete on one side of the three-dimensional light steel wire rack heat-insulating plate; the strength of the concrete is more than or equal to C20, and the thickness is 30-110mm; (5) And after the concrete reaches the specified strength, paving an anti-cracking net again, pouring the concrete on the other side by adopting a steel wire net or a glass fiber net, and then carrying out integral maintenance to obtain the prefabricated sandwich insulation board.
In the preparation process, in order to increase the bonding strength of the concrete layer and the net frame, the thickness of the organic heat-insulating material is smaller than that of the three-dimensional steel wire net frame, so that the concrete layer is contacted with the fixing part and the connecting rod, and the connection strength is increased. In order to further simplify the processing flow, the thickness control of the heat preservation layer is simpler, and the injection mold of the organic heat preservation material is positioned at the joint of the fixing part and the connecting part, so that the thickness of the organic heat preservation material is equal to the height of the connecting part. The angle iron is positioned in a groove formed by the concrete layer.
Example two
As shown in fig. 6, in order to increase the overall heat insulation performance of the heat insulation board, a bridge cut-off is arranged in the middle of the connecting rod of the net rack connecting piece, and the bridge cut-off is connected by a connecting rod made of nonmetal. Namely, the middle part of the connecting rod of the net rack connecting piece is disconnected, and is connected by utilizing a nonmetal material, and heat insulation is performed by utilizing the characteristic of poor nonmetal heat conductivity. Because the connecting rod is positioned in the organic heat-insulating layer, the connecting rod made of nonmetal and the heat-insulating layer structure form a heat-insulating structure. In this embodiment, in order to secure strength, the nonmetal uses fiber reinforced plastic. The fiber reinforced plastic is preferably one of glass fiber reinforced plastic and basalt fiber reinforced plastic, and has a diameter of 5-10mm.
In the description of the present application, the terms "configured," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context. The terms "upper," "lower," and the like, refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or that is conventionally laid down when the subject application is used, merely to facilitate description of the application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.