CN108739104A - A kind of control method of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm and application - Google Patents
A kind of control method of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control method of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm and its application, this method includes using the planting matrix containing plant grinding bodies：10 parts of faintly acid soil, 20~40 parts decomposed of earthworm manure, 10~20 parts of peanut shell, 13~30 parts of wheat bran, 10~20 parts of lemon-grass, 15~25 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 10~25 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans, 5~15 parts of vermiculite power, 1~5 part of potassium nitrate, 0.5 ~ 1.5 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 1 ~ 3 part of lysine；It is sprayed using the nutrient solution containing plant extracts in growth course：5~25 parts of tobacco extract, 10~30 parts of rue extract, 10~25 parts of pyrethrum extract, 2 ~ 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 ~ 5 part of zinc nitrate, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.The method of the present invention is at low cost, process is few, wherein specific planting matrix and nutrient solution are used, and specific growth hormone impregnates, and and other processing procedures are combined, the incidence of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm, significant effect can be significantly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm and applications, belong to dendrobium candidum planting technology
Field.
Background technology
Dendrobium candidum (Dendrobium candidum wall.ex Lindl.) is orchid family (Orchidaeae) Dendrobium
(Dendrobium) herbaceos perennial is China's rare Chinese medicine, is Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant, be known as " Chinese celestial grass ",
The laudatory title of " gold in medicine " arranges first of " Chinese nine big celestial grass ", is known as " medicine circle giant panda " by international medicinal plant circle.With exempting from
Epidemic disease adjusting, anti-aging and other effects.Be not only familiar " MAILUONING ZHUSHEYE " required raw material or tens of kinds at
The necessary raw material of medicine and health products.
?《Sheng Nong's herbal classic》In, dendrobium candidum is listed in top grade, and there is nourishing Yin and moistening lung, nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid to moisten the lung and relieve the cough
Effect.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that dendrobium candidum also has strengthen immunity, anti-aging, anticancer is antifatigue, expands blood vessel
Effect.Dendrobium candidum is mainly distributed on the tropical and subtropical region such as China, Thailand, Burma, Vietnam, it is domestic with Guangxi, Yunnan,
The Guizhou main producing regions Deng Weiyuan.Since human lives' range constantly expands, in addition long-term transition picking, existing wild resource have been on the point of
Face exhaustion, purchase volume significantly declines.Forbid felling for many years in China so that the market price significantly raises up.Dendrobium candidum because
Wild resource is exhausted and is difficult to meet the market demand, it is therefore desirable to which a large amount of artificial cultivations are to meet ever-expanding market needs.
Wild Dendrodium be grown in warm, moistening, few illumination, appropriate ventilative, root system good air permeability, the environment that has drained from
It is raw, need to adhere to trees, precipice seam climb raw or hanging growth, and the requirement of the growth of iron sheet to environment is quite harsh.Existing skill
Art to the tissue culture and artificial cultivation technique of dendrobium candidum constantly explore and test, and achieves certain achievement, but remain
Low in dendrobium candidum transplanting survival rate, the speed of growth is slow, and yield is not high, and active constituent content is low, luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale worm incidence height etc.
Main problem.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm
Control method.
Technical solution：To achieve the above object, it the present invention provides a kind of control method of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm, adopts
With the planting matrix containing plant grinding bodies, sprayed using the nutrient solution containing plant extracts in growth course；
The planting matrix includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
10 parts of faintly acid soil, 20~40 parts decomposed of earthworm manure, 10~20 parts of peanut shell, 13~30 parts of wheat bran, perfume
10~20 parts of cogongrass, 15~25 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 10~25 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans,
5~15 parts of vermiculite power, 1~5 part of potassium nitrate, 0.5~1.5 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 1~3 part of lysine；
The nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
5~25 parts of tobacco extract, 10~30 parts of rue extract, 10~25 parts of pyrethrum extract,
2~6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1~5 part of zinc nitrate, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The lemon-grass and polygonum flaccidum are dry by entire plant, crush gained raw material, and bitter fruit leaf is by bitter fruit leaf
Obtained by drying and crushing.
The preparation method of the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract is as follows：
Tobacco, rue or the Dalmatian chrysanthemum boiling pure water of 6-8 times of volume are extracted, each 2-4h is extracted 3 times, is merged
Extracting solution is to get the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract.
Application of the control method of the dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm in terms of planting dendrobium candidum, including following step
Suddenly：
(1) it takes the planting matrix, first high-temperature disinfection treatment then to dry, is finally uniformly layered on plantation bedding；
(2) the dendrobium candidum plant for choosing biennial robust growth, takes its full mellow and full stem section, crosses thimerosal, and
Growth hormone solution impregnate, after dry, be finally inserted on above-mentioned plantation bedding, be colonized；
(3) it is transplanted to greenhouse after being colonized 1 year, the temperature and moisture for taking sunshade, control suitable spray weekly the battalion
Nutrient solution is primary；
Step (1) high temperature disinfection method be：100~110 DEG C of steam treatments of high temperature.
Stem section described in step (2) saves for each stem section at least 3.
The ethanol water that thimerosal described in step (2) is 80%.
Growth hormone described in step (2) is indole -3-butyric acid, solution concentration 1.5-2.5mol/L.
Temperature described in step (3) is 18-30 DEG C, humidity 60%-80%.
Advantageous effect：Compared with the existing technology, the method for the present invention is at low cost, process is few, wherein using specific planting matrix
Matter and nutrient solution, and specific growth hormone impregnate, and combine other processing procedures, can significantly reduce dendrobium candidum phenanthrene
The incidence of armored scale worm, significant effect.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) take the mixed-matrix for containing earthworm manure as planting matrix, 100~110 DEG C of moise-heat sterilizations of first high temperature are handled,
Then it dries, is finally uniformly layered on plantation bedding；The mixed-matrix includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
10 parts of faintly acid soil, 20 parts decomposed of earthworm manure, 10 parts of peanut shell, 13 parts of wheat bran,
10 parts of lemon-grass, 15 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 10 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 10 parts of dregs of beans,
5 parts of vermiculite power, 1 part of potassium nitrate, 0.5 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 1 part of lysine.
The lemon-grass and polygonum flaccidum are dry by entire plant, crush gained raw material, and bitter fruit leaf is by bitter fruit leaf
Obtained by drying and crushing.
(2) the dendrobium candidum plant for choosing biennial robust growth, takes its full mellow and full stem section, each stem section at least 3
Section, crosses 80% ethanol water, and with the immersion of the indole -3-butyric acid solution of a concentration of 1.5mol/L, after dry, finally insert
Enter on above-mentioned plantation bedding, is colonized；
(3) it is transplanted to greenhouse after being colonized 1 year, takes sunshade, controlled at 18-30 DEG C, humidity 60%-80%；Often
Week sprinkling nutrient solution is primary；The nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
5 parts of tobacco extract, 10 parts of rue extract, 10 parts of pyrethrum extract,
2~6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of zinc nitrate, 1 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The preparation method of the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract is as follows：
Tobacco, rue or the Dalmatian chrysanthemum boiling pure water of 6 times of volumes are extracted, each 4h is extracted 3 times, merges extraction
Liquid is to get the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract.
Embodiment 2
(1) take the mixed-matrix for containing earthworm manure as planting matrix, 100~110 DEG C of moise-heat sterilizations of first high temperature are handled,
Then it dries, is finally uniformly layered on plantation bedding；The mixed-matrix includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
10 parts of faintly acid soil, 40 parts decomposed of earthworm manure, 20 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of wheat bran,
20 parts of lemon-grass, 25 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 25 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 20 parts of dregs of beans,
15 parts of vermiculite power, 5 parts of potassium nitrate, 1.5 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of lysine.
The lemon-grass and polygonum flaccidum are dry by entire plant, crush gained raw material, and bitter fruit leaf is by bitter fruit leaf
Obtained by drying and crushing.
(2) the dendrobium candidum plant for choosing biennial robust growth, takes its full mellow and full stem section, each stem section at least 3
Section, crosses 80% ethanol water, and with the immersion of the indole -3-butyric acid solution of a concentration of 2.5mol/L, after dry, finally insert
Enter on above-mentioned plantation bedding, is colonized；
(3) it is transplanted to greenhouse after being colonized 1 year, takes sunshade, controlled at 18-30 DEG C, humidity 60%-80%；Often
Week sprinkling nutrient solution is primary；The nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
25 parts of tobacco extract, 30 parts of rue extract, 25 parts of pyrethrum extract,
6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of zinc nitrate, 3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The preparation method of the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract is as follows：
Tobacco, rue or the Dalmatian chrysanthemum boiling pure water of 8 times of volumes are extracted, each 2h is extracted 3 times, merges extraction
Liquid is to get the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract.
Embodiment 3
(1) take the mixed-matrix for containing earthworm manure as planting matrix, 100~110 DEG C of moise-heat sterilizations of first high temperature are handled,
Then it dries, is finally uniformly layered on plantation bedding；The mixed-matrix includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
10 parts of faintly acid soil, 30 parts decomposed of earthworm manure, 15 parts of peanut shell, 22 parts of wheat bran,
15 parts of lemon-grass, 20 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 17 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 15 parts of dregs of beans,
10 parts of vermiculite power, 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of lysine.
The lemon-grass and polygonum flaccidum are dry by entire plant, crush gained raw material, and bitter fruit leaf is by bitter fruit leaf
Obtained by drying and crushing.
(2) the dendrobium candidum plant for choosing biennial robust growth, takes its full mellow and full stem section, each stem section at least 3
Section, crosses 80% ethanol water, and with the immersion of the indole -3-butyric acid solution of a concentration of 2mol/L, after dry, be finally inserted
On above-mentioned plantation bedding, field planting；
(3) it is transplanted to greenhouse after being colonized 1 year, takes sunshade, controlled at 18-30 DEG C, humidity 60%-80%；Often
Week sprinkling nutrient solution is primary；The nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
15 parts of tobacco extract, 20 parts of rue extract, 17 parts of pyrethrum extract,
4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of zinc nitrate, 2 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The preparation method of the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract is as follows：
Tobacco, rue or the Dalmatian chrysanthemum boiling pure water of 7 times of volumes are extracted, each 3h is extracted 3 times, merges extraction
Liquid is to get the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract.
Embodiment 4
(1) take the mixed-matrix for containing earthworm manure as planting matrix, 100~110 DEG C of moise-heat sterilizations of first high temperature are handled,
Then it dries, is finally uniformly layered on plantation bedding；The mixed-matrix includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
10 parts of faintly acid soil, 25 parts decomposed of earthworm manure, 12 parts of peanut shell, 16 parts of wheat bran,
12 parts of lemon-grass, 18 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 14 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 12 parts of dregs of beans,
7 parts of vermiculite power, 2 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.8 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of lysine.
The lemon-grass and polygonum flaccidum are dry by entire plant, crush gained raw material, and bitter fruit leaf is by bitter fruit leaf
Obtained by drying and crushing.
(2) the dendrobium candidum plant for choosing biennial robust growth, takes its full mellow and full stem section, each stem section at least 3
Section, crosses 80% ethanol water, and with the immersion of the indole -3-butyric acid solution of a concentration of 1.8mol/L, after dry, finally insert
Enter on above-mentioned plantation bedding, is colonized；
(3) it is transplanted to greenhouse after being colonized 1 year, takes sunshade, controlled at 18-30 DEG C, humidity 60%-80%；Often
Week sprinkling nutrient solution is primary；The nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
10 parts of tobacco extract, 15 parts of rue extract, 14 parts of pyrethrum extract,
3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of zinc nitrate, 2 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The preparation method of the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract is as follows：
Tobacco, rue or the Dalmatian chrysanthemum boiling pure water of 7 times of volumes are extracted, each 3h is extracted 3 times, merges extraction
Liquid is to get the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract.
Embodiment 5
(1) take the mixed-matrix for containing earthworm manure as planting matrix, 100~110 DEG C of moise-heat sterilizations of first high temperature are handled,
Then it dries, is finally uniformly layered on plantation bedding；The mixed-matrix includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
10 parts of faintly acid soil, 35 parts decomposed of earthworm manure, 18 parts of peanut shell, 26 parts of wheat bran,
18 parts of lemon-grass, 22 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 21 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 18 parts of dregs of beans,
12 parts of vermiculite power, 4 parts of potassium nitrate, 1.2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of lysine.
The lemon-grass and polygonum flaccidum are dry by entire plant, crush gained raw material, and bitter fruit leaf is by bitter fruit leaf
Obtained by drying and crushing.
(2) the dendrobium candidum plant for choosing biennial robust growth, takes its full mellow and full stem section, each stem section at least 3
Section, crosses 80% ethanol water, and with the immersion of the indole -3-butyric acid solution of a concentration of 2.2mol/L, after dry, finally insert
Enter on above-mentioned plantation bedding, is colonized；
(3) it is transplanted to greenhouse after being colonized 1 year, takes sunshade, controlled at 18-30 DEG C, humidity 60%-80%；Often
Week sprinkling nutrient solution is primary；The nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
20 parts of tobacco extract, 25 parts of rue extract, 21 parts of pyrethrum extract,
5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4 parts of zinc nitrate, 2 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The preparation method of the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract is as follows：
Tobacco, rue or the Dalmatian chrysanthemum boiling pure water of 7 times of volumes are extracted, each 3h is extracted 3 times, merges extraction
Liquid is to get the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract.
Influence of the experimental example difference implantation methods to dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm incidence
Take with a collection of dendrobium candidum, be randomly divided into six groups, respectively 3 groups of embodiment, 4 groups of embodiment, 5 groups of embodiment and
It compares 1 group, compare 2 groups and 3 groups of control；
5 groups of 3 groups of embodiment, 4 groups of embodiment and embodiment plant iron sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention 3,4 and 5 methods respectively
The stem of noble dendrobium.
1 group is compareed, according to 3 method of embodiment, removes lemon-grass, bitter fruit leaf and the polygonum flaccidum in planting matrix, other are
It is identical to be planted；
2 groups are compareed, according to 3 method of embodiment, removes the tobacco extract in nutrient solution, rue extract and Dalmatian chrysanthemum and carries
Object is taken, other all sames are planted；
3 groups are compareed, according to 3 method of embodiment, removes indole -3-butyric acid solution soaking process in step (2), other are homogeneous
It is same to be planted.
The incidence for finally comparing each group dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm, as a result see the table below 1.
1 each group dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm incidence of table
| Group | Incidence (%) |
| 3 groups of embodiment | 0.58 |
| 4 groups of embodiment | 0.43 |
| 5 groups of embodiment | 0.52 |
| Compare 1 group | 7.63 |
| Compare 2 groups | 8.26 |
| Compare 3 groups | 7.38 |
It can be obtained by upper table 1,3 groups of 1 group of the control that compares, 2 groups of control and control compare using without each plantation
The planting matrix of object grinding bodies and nutrient solution without various extracts, and handle plant, this hair without using indole -3-butyric acid
Not only the planting matrix containing various plant grinding bodies and the nutrient solution containing various extracts had been used in bright method, but also used Yin
Diindyl -3- butyric acid handles plant, and final dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm incidence significantly reduces.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of control method of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm, which is characterized in that the planting matrix containing plant grinding bodies is used,
It is sprayed using the nutrient solution containing plant extracts in growth course；
The planting matrix includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
10 parts of faintly acid soil, 20~40 parts decomposed of earthworm manure, 10~20 parts of peanut shell, 13~30 parts of wheat bran,
10~20 parts of lemon-grass, 15~25 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 10~25 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans,
5~15 parts of vermiculite power, 1~5 part of potassium nitrate, 0.5 ~ 1.5 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 1 ~ 3 part of lysine；
The nutrient solution includes the raw material of following weight ratio：
5~25 parts of tobacco extract, 10~30 parts of rue extract, 10~25 parts of pyrethrum extract,
2 ~ 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 ~ 5 part of zinc nitrate, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
2. the control method of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lemon-grass and peppery
Knotweed is dry by entire plant, crushes gained raw material, and bitter fruit leaf is obtained by bitter fruit leaf drying and crushing.
3. the control method of dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tobacco extraction
The preparation method of object, rue extract or pyrethrum extract is as follows：
Tobacco, rue or the Dalmatian chrysanthemum boiling pure water of 6-8 times of volume are extracted, each 2-4h is extracted 3 times, merges extraction
Liquid is to get the tobacco extract, rue extract or pyrethrum extract.
4. control method the answering in terms of planting dendrobium candidum of claim 1-3 any one of them dendrobium candidum phenanthrene armored scale worms
With, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）It takes the planting matrix, first high-temperature disinfection treatment then to dry, is finally uniformly layered on plantation bedding；
（2）The dendrobium candidum plant for choosing biennial robust growth takes its full mellow and full stem section, crosses thimerosal, and growth
Hormone solution impregnate, after dry, be finally inserted on above-mentioned plantation bedding, be colonized；
（3）Field planting is transplanted to greenhouse after 1 year, and the temperature and moisture for taking sunshade, control suitable spray weekly the nutrient solution
Once；
（4）According to specific pest and disease damage, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out using medicament.
5. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step（1）High temperature disinfection method be：High temperature 100~
110 DEG C of steam treatments.
6. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step（2）Described in stem section be each stem section at least 3 save.
7. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step（2）Described in thimerosal be 80% ethyl alcohol it is water-soluble
Liquid.
8. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step（2）Described in growth hormone be indole -3-butyric acid,
Its solution concentration is 1.5-2.5mol/L.
9. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step（3）Described in temperature be 18-30 DEG C, humidity is
60%-80%。
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