CN108682735B - Device and method for forming giant magnetostrictive composite material - Google Patents

Device and method for forming giant magnetostrictive composite material Download PDF

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CN108682735B
CN108682735B CN201810499461.6A CN201810499461A CN108682735B CN 108682735 B CN108682735 B CN 108682735B CN 201810499461 A CN201810499461 A CN 201810499461A CN 108682735 B CN108682735 B CN 108682735B
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giant magnetostrictive
composite material
density
forming
baffle
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CN108682735A (en
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张天丽
李伯辰
蒋成保
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Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N35/00—Magnetostrictive devices
    • H10N35/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80—Constructional details
    • H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
    • H10N30/857—Macromolecular compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for forming a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material. Wherein, the base provides the vertical direction for forming device and supports fixedly to can guarantee that rotatory cell body rotates around the vertical direction center pin level. The baffle group consists of a primary baffle and a combined secondary baffle. The primary baffle prevents the deformation of the copper mesh in the extrusion forming process; the combined secondary baffle plate comprises a movable inserting plate and a fixed groove plate, and can realize the opening/closing of the secondary baffle plate. The rotary groove body, the static pressure head and the brass net are used as main bodies of the forming equipment, and the dynamic magnetic field orientation and high-density extrusion forming of the giant magnetostrictive composite material can be realized. The invention can perform dynamic orientation and extrusion molding on the giant magnetostrictive material, and has the advantages of simple equipment structure and high molding efficiency.

Description

Device and method for forming giant magnetostrictive composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for forming a magnetic material, in particular to a device and a method for forming a giant magnetostrictive composite material with magnetostrictive alloy particle content of more than 55%.
Background
Magnetostrictive materials refer to a class of ferromagnetic materials whose geometric dimensions change with a change in magnetization state. The magnetostrictive materials widely used at present mainly comprise two major types of rare earth giant magnetostrictive materials represented by Terfenol-D and iron-based magnetostrictive alloys represented by Fe-Ga alloys. The rare earth giant magnetostrictive material has large magnetic strain, high response rate and large driving force, and is widely applied to the high-tech fields of precision control, low-frequency transducers, energy collection and recovery, sensors and the like. The magnetic strain of the oriented rare earth giant magnetostrictive material can reach 2 multiplied by 103ppm, strain saturation can be achieved below 1T magnetic field.
While having many advantages, the problems of high brittleness, difficult orientation, high cost and the like of the traditional rare earth giant magnetostrictive material limit the large-scale application of the material. In addition, as a metal-based material, the electrical resistivity is relatively low, and the eddy current loss is severe under the action of a high-frequency magnetic field. Aiming at the problems, the giant magnetostrictive composite material is prepared by mixing the broken particles of the rare earth giant magnetostrictive material and the high polymer material, so that the mechanical property and the resistivity of the material can be effectively improved, and the application field of the rare earth giant magnetostrictive material is expanded. The rare earth giant magnetostrictive composite material can improve the integral orientation degree of the composite material through magnetic field orientation, further improve the magnetic strain of the composite material, and has great advantages compared with the traditional rare earth giant magnetostrictive material.
Patent publication No. CN101476079A discloses a preparation process of a magnetostrictive composite material, in which a Fe-Ga alloy powder material is obtained by a gas atomization or airflow grinding method, and epoxy resin, phenolic resin and phenol resin are used as non-metallic binders. The preparation process adopts a magnetic field compression method for molding, the size of an oriented magnetic field is 1-8T, and the molding pressure is 100-1000 MPa. The prepared magnetostrictive composite material has the magnetostrictive strain up to 130ppm and the resistivity up to 48.8 omega-m, and each performance index is obviously improved compared with that of an as-cast material.
A height with a layered structure is disclosed in patent publication No. CN 102569638A<111>An oriented giant magnetostrictive composite material and a preparation process thereof. The invention takes the design component as TbxDy1-xFey(0.4<x is less than or equal to 1, y is less than or equal to 1.9 and less than or equal to 1.95) is used as a raw material, alloy crushed particles with the particle size of 10-300 mu m are selected to be mixed with an adhesive and a curing agent, and the mixture is subjected to dynamic magnetic field induced orientation to obtain the rare earth giant magnetostrictive alloy. The magnetostriction of the giant magnetostrictive composite material reaches 1900 ppm. The material has good high-frequency characteristics at 1 × 105The eddy current loss at the Hz frequency is only 510-570w/m3。
The widely adopted molding process of the magnetostrictive composite material generally has the defects of low molding density (the volume density of the magnetostrictive alloy particles is only about 30%), small magnetostrictive strain (<1400ppm), poor orientation degree of the whole material <111>, and the like. Aiming at the problems, the invention develops the forming device and the method of the giant magnetostrictive composite material with high magnetostrictive alloy particle volume density, high magnetostrictive strain and high orientation degree.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems: the device and the method for molding the high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material overcome the defects of the prior art, and the giant magnetostrictive composite material prepared by the molding device and the process has the characteristics of high giant magnetostrictive alloy particle volume density (> 55%), large magnetostriction (>1500ppm), high <111> orientation degree and simple molding process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material forming device (figure 1) takes a low-density resin-rare earth giant magnetostrictive alloy particle mixture as a raw material to prepare the high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material with high orientation degree. The structure of the device comprises a base 1, a rotary groove body 2, a baffle plate group 3, a brass net 4 and an extrusion head 5; the rotary groove body and the extrusion head form an extrusion forming equipment main body, namely a forming cavity, and the two sides of the forming cavity are sequentially provided with a brass net and a baffle group from inside to outside and are fixedly connected with the rotary groove body through bolts.
The base comprises a bearing arranged in the horizontal direction, and rotation of the rotary groove body in the horizontal direction is guaranteed.
The baffle group comprises a primary baffle and a combined secondary baffle, the primary baffle and the combined secondary baffle are fixed on the outer side of the forming cavity by bolts, and the primary baffle and the combined secondary baffle are sequentially arranged from the inner side to the outer side of the forming equipment; the primary baffle comprises ribs forming an angle of +/-45 degrees with the horizontal direction, so that the deformation of the copper mesh in the extrusion forming process is prevented; the combined secondary baffle includes: the movable inserting plate is fixed in the slot of the fixed slot plate; when the movable inserting plate is fixed in the fixed groove plate, the combined secondary baffle is in a closed state; when the movable inserting plate is taken out from the fixed slot plate, the combined secondary baffle is in an opening state.
The aperture of the brass mesh is 100 mu m.
The raw materials adopted by the invention for preparing the high-density rare earth giant magnetostrictive composite material are uniform mixture of giant magnetostrictive alloy particles, high polymer bonding material and curing agent, andthe content of the super magnetostrictive alloy particles is not more than 30%. The adoption of low alloy particle density is favorable for reducing inter-particle friction and space obstruction in the magnetic field orientation process and obtaining height<111>Oriented giant magnetostrictive alloy particles are oriented. The rare earth super magnetostrictive alloy particle comprises Tb as a design componentxDy1-xFey(0.23≤x<1，1.92<y<1.96) is obtained by mechanical crushing, the grain size is 100-200 μm. Before crushing the master alloy ingot, homogenizing and annealing at 950 ℃ for 8 hours, and the crushing process needs protection of inert atmosphere. The high molecular adhesive is prepared by mixing one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin and phenol resin. The curing agent used is the most common curing agent for adhesives.
Further, the raw materials are mixed fully at 1 × 10-3Degassing for 30min under the Pa vacuum degree to remove bubbles entering the mixture in the mixing process so as to avoid forming cavity defects which seriously affect the magnetostrictive performance after curing.
Furthermore, after the adhesive-alloy particle-curing agent mixture is placed in the molding cavity, a horizontal magnetic field is applied in the direction parallel to the long axis of the cavity of the molding cavity, and dynamic magnetic field induced orientation is performed. The horizontal magnetic field is 8000-10000Oe, the dynamic magnetic field induced orientation frequency is 1Hz, and the duration is not less than 1 min.
The molding process of the high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing giant magnetostrictive alloy particles, an adhesive and a curing agent in proportion to obtain a molding raw material;
second, the raw material is mixed at 1X 10-3Degassing under Pa vacuum degree;
thirdly, injecting raw materials into the forming device;
fourthly, placing the device in an electromagnet, and applying a horizontal magnetic field to carry out magnetic field induced orientation on the device;
fifthly, pressing the extrusion head to extrude the raw materials to obtain a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite uncured precursor with oriented magnetic field;
and sixthly, standing the high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material precursor in a magnetic field until the precursor is preliminarily cured, taking out the precursor in the magnetic field, and placing the precursor in a room-temperature environment until the precursor is completely cured to obtain a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material finished product.
In the first step, the raw materials are a uniform mixture of rare earth giant magnetostrictive alloy particles, a high polymer bonding material and a curing agent; the rare earth giant magnetostrictive alloy particles comprise Tb as a design componentxDy1-xFe1.95X is more than or equal to 0.23 and less than or equal to 0.7, and the master alloy ingot is prepared by mechanical crushing; the volume fraction of the rare earth super magnetostrictive alloy particles in the raw material mixture is not more than 30 percent; the high-molecular bonding material is prepared by mixing one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin and phenol resin.
The particle size range of the rare earth giant magnetostrictive alloy particles is 100-200 mu m; before crushing the master alloy ingot, homogenizing and annealing at 950 ℃ for 4-8h, and the crushing process needs inert atmosphere protection.
In the second step, at 1X 10-3Degassing under Pa vacuum degree for 10-30 min.
In the third step, the size of the horizontal magnetic field is 8000-10000Oe, the dynamic magnetic field induced orientation frequency is 1-10Hz, and the duration is not less than 1 min.
And fifthly, standing the uncured high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material precursor in a magnetic field until the adhesive is primarily cured.
And in the fifth step, the curing temperature is room temperature, and the adhesive is kept still until the adhesive is completely cured.
Further, after the dynamic magnetic field induced orientation is completed, the movable baffle is removed, the extrusion head is pressed, and redundant adhesive and curing agent are removed.
Further, after the extrusion process is completed, the device is placed in a magnetic field to stand until the adhesive is primarily cured and then taken out, and the device is placed at room temperature until the composite material is completely cured.
And further, taking out the cured high-density rare earth super-magnetostrictive composite material and cleaning equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the molding process of the giant magnetostrictive composite material is divided into a low-density magnetic field molding process and an extrusion molding process, so that the giant magnetostrictive composite material with the height <111> orientation and high magnetostrictive strain is obtained, and the method has the advantages of simple molding process, simple molding process and high molding speed.
(2) The method combines the dynamic magnetic field induced orientation process and the magnetic field extrusion process, obtains the high magnetic field orientation by the dynamic magnetic field induced orientation under low density, and further obtains the high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material by the magnetic field extrusion process. The opening and closing of the forming cavity can be controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the movable baffle plate, and the magnetic field induced orientation and extrusion forming process is completed.
(3) The giant magnetostrictive composite material prepared by the invention has obvious orientation, the magnetostrictive strain reaches more than 1600ppm, and the maximum dynamic magnetostrictive coefficient reaches 0.7 ppm/Oe. The volume fraction of the rare earth giant magnetostrictive alloy in the composite material is not less than 55 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high density giant magnetostrictive composite material forming apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a molding process of a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material;
FIG. 3 is a metallographic picture of a high density giant magnetostrictive composite;
FIG. 4 is a static magnetostriction curve of a high density giant magnetostrictive composite;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the dynamic magnetostriction of a high density giant magnetostrictive composite material.
Detailed Description
In order to make the structure and the forming process of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below by taking examples in conjunction with the structure diagram of the apparatus and the specific forming process flow of the present invention. This example is part of the present disclosure and embodiment, and any embodiment that one skilled in the art may employ without inventive work is within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
preparing alloy particle with Tb as component0.5Dy0.5Fe1.95Of particle volume fraction>55% of rare earth giant magnetostrictive composite material.
1. Raw material preparation
Selecting high-purity terbium (Tb is more than 99.9%), high-purity dysprosium (Dy is more than 99.9%) and high-purity iron (Fe is more than 99.5%) according to a stoichiometric ratio of 0.5: 0.5: 1.95, smelting a master alloy ingot in an electric arc furnace. In order to compensate the burning loss in the smelting process, terbium and dysprosium are required to be increased by 0.5 percent wt on the basis of the mass of the furnace. In the smelting process, iron which is not easy to volatilize needs to be placed on the upper part of the raw material, and terbium and dysprosium can be coated and protected after the iron is melted so as to reduce volatilization of the iron. The mother alloy obtained by smelting in an electric arc furnace is annealed for 8 hours at 950 ℃ after being sealed by a quartz tube, cooled to room temperature along with the furnace, taken out and mechanically crushed in an Ar-filled glove box. And screening the crushed alloy particle powder by using a sample screen, and selecting partial super magnetostrictive alloy particles with the particle size of between 100 and 200 mu m as raw materials to prepare the super magnetostrictive composite material.
E44 type epoxy resin and curing agent triethylene tetramine are mixed according to the mass ratio of 85:15, the mixture is evenly mixed, then rare earth super magnetostrictive alloy particles are slowly placed in the mixture, and the mixture is further stirred and mixed until the resin completely soaks the alloy particles. Wherein the volume fraction of the alloy particles in the mixture is 20%. Placing the mixed raw materials in a vacuum box, vacuum degassing for 30min, and taking out after the resin in the mixture is clear and has no obvious bubbles.
2. Forming process
The process for forming the high density giant magnetostrictive composite material is shown in fig. 2. After the molding equipment is assembled, the raw material mixture is placed in a molding cavity. At the moment, the combined secondary baffle is closed, and the forming cavity is in a closed state. The extrusion head was slowly depressed to expel excess gas (corresponding to the charging step of fig. 2).
And (3) placing the forming equipment in a 0.8T horizontal magnetic field, and keeping the direction of the magnetic field parallel to the direction of the horizontal long axis of the forming cavity. The dynamic magnetic field orientation is performed at a frequency of 1Hz on a rotating body in the forming apparatus. In the orientation process, the swing amplitude of the rotator is +/-45 degrees, and the duration time is 1min (corresponding to the dynamic magnetic field induced orientation step in fig. 2).
After the dynamic magnetic field induced orientation is finished, slowly rotating the long axis of the rotating body to the direction parallel to the magnetic field, and taking down the movable inserting plates in the movable baffle groups on the two sides. Keeping the rotary groove still, slowly pressing down the extrusion head, extruding and discharging redundant resin at the moment, and enabling the giant magnetostrictive alloy particles to be blocked by the copper mesh and not to be discharged. At this time, a precursor of the high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material is preliminarily obtained in the molding cavity (corresponding to the extrusion molding step of fig. 2).
After the extrusion process is finished, the magnetic field is kept for 2h to ensure the primary curing of the resin. The alignment apparatus was then removed from the magnetic field and left to cure at room temperature for 24 h. And after the resin is completely cured, taking out the high-density molded rare earth giant magnetostrictive composite material.
The static magnetostriction curve of the giant magnetostrictive composite material prepared by the method is shown in figure 4. The maximum magnetic strain can reach more than 1600 ppm; the dynamic magnetostriction curve is shown in FIG. 5, and the maximum dynamic magnetostriction coefficient is 0.7 ppm/Oe. The volume fraction of alloy particles in the giant magnetostrictive composite material is 57.3 percent.
Example 2:
preparing alloy particle with Tb as component0.7Dy0.3Fe1.95Of particle volume fraction>55% of rare earth giant magnetostrictive composite material.
1. Raw material preparation
Selecting high-purity terbium (Tb is more than 99.9%), high-purity dysprosium (Dy is more than 99.9%) and high-purity iron (Fe is more than 99.5%), and mixing the components according to a stoichiometric ratio of 0.7: 0.3: 1.95, smelting a master alloy ingot in an electric arc furnace. The melting and particle crushing process was the same as in example 1.
NPEF-170 type epoxy resin and curing agent triethylene tetramine are mixed according to the mass ratio of 83:17, and the mixing process is the same as that of example 1. Because NPEF-170 type resin has low viscosity, bubbles are easy to float and get rid of, and in order to avoid particle settlement, the vacuum degassing process is 10 min.
2. Forming process
The equipment assembly and forming process was the same as in example 1, with a dynamic magnetic field orientation frequency of 10 Hz. As the curing time of the NPEF-170 type epoxy resin is short, after the extrusion process is finished, the magnetic field is kept for 1h to ensure the primary curing of the resin. The orientation device was then removed from the magnetic field and left to cure at room temperature for 24 h. And after the resin is completely cured, taking out the high-density molded rare earth giant magnetostrictive composite material.
Since the viscosity of the epoxy resin of NPEF-170 type is much lower than that of the epoxy resin of E44 type used in example 1, the super magnetostrictive alloy can easily settle during the magnetic field orientation, thereby affecting the high density extrusion molding effect. Therefore, the volume fraction of the alloy particles in the giant magnetostrictive composite material in the example is reduced to 55.6% compared with that in example 1. But because the selected alloy components have larger magnetocrystalline anisotropy, the overall <111> crystal orientation degree of the material is higher, the magnetic strain can reach more than 1700ppm, and the dynamic magnetostriction coefficient can also reach 0.6 ppm/Oe.
Example 3:
preparing alloy particle with Tb as component0.27Dy0.73Fe1.95Of particle volume fraction>55% of rare earth giant magnetostrictive composite material.
1. Raw material preparation
Selecting high-purity terbium (Tb is more than 99.9%), high-purity dysprosium (Dy is more than 99.9%) and high-purity iron (Fe is more than 99.5%), and mixing the components according to a stoichiometric ratio of 0.27: 0.73: 1.95, smelting a master alloy ingot in an electric arc furnace. The melting and particle crushing process was the same as in example 1.
The epoxy resin E51 and triethylene tetramine as a curing agent are mixed according to the mass ratio of 79:21, and the mixing and vacuum degassing processes are the same as those of the example 2. Due to the low viscosity of the epoxy resin E51, a 30% volume fraction of the super magnetostrictive alloy particles was used in the mixing process.
2. Forming process
The equipment assembly and molding process was the same as in example 1. Since the curing time of the E51 epoxy resin is longer, after the extrusion process is finished, the magnetic field is kept for 4h to ensure the primary curing of the resin. The orientation device was then removed from the magnetic field and left to cure at room temperature for 48 h. And after the resin is completely cured, taking out the high-density molded rare earth giant magnetostrictive composite material.
The viscosity of the E51 type epoxy resin is between that of the E44 type epoxy resin and that of the NPEF-170 type epoxy resin, so that the giant magnetostrictive alloy particles are prevented from seriously settling in the extrusion forming process, and the volume fraction of the material alloy particles is about 56 percent. However, the Tb/Dy ratio in the alloy composition is low and close to the compensation point of magnetocrystalline anisotropy, so that the <111> orientation of the whole material is low. The magnetic strain was only 1100 ppm. In practical application, the selected giant magnetostrictive alloy particles with excessively low magnetocrystalline anisotropy are avoided as much as possible.
In summary, it can be seen from the above examples that the volume fractions of the giant magnetostrictive alloy in the giant magnetostrictive composite material prepared by the invention are all greater than 55% and can be up to 60%. The prepared giant magnetostrictive composite material has the magnetic strain of more than 1000ppm and the maximum magnetic strain of 1700 ppm.
The above examples are provided only for the purpose of describing the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various equivalent substitutions and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material forming device is characterized in that: comprises a base, a rotary groove body, a baffle plate group, a brass net and an extrusion head; the rotary groove body and the extrusion head form an extrusion forming equipment main body, namely a forming cavity, and two sides of the forming cavity are sequentially provided with a brass net and a baffle group from inside to outside and are fixedly connected with the rotary groove body through bolts;
the volume density of the magnetostrictive alloy particles of the high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material is more than 55 percent.
2. The high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material molding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base comprises a bearing arranged in the horizontal direction, and rotation of the rotary groove body in the horizontal direction is guaranteed.
3. The high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material molding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the baffle group comprises a primary baffle and a combined secondary baffle, the primary baffle and the combined secondary baffle are fixed on the outer side of the forming cavity by bolts, and the primary baffle and the combined secondary baffle are sequentially arranged from the inner side to the outer side of the forming equipment; the primary baffle comprises ribs forming an angle of +/-45 degrees with the horizontal direction, so that the deformation of the copper mesh in the extrusion forming process is prevented; the combined secondary baffle includes: the movable inserting plate is fixed in the slot of the fixed slot plate; when the movable inserting plate is fixed in the fixed groove plate, the combined secondary baffle is in a closed state; when the movable inserting plate is taken out from the fixed slot plate, the combined secondary baffle is in an opening state.
4. The high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material molding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aperture of the brass mesh is 100 mu m.
5. A method for forming a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing giant magnetostrictive alloy particles, an adhesive and a curing agent in proportion to obtain a molding raw material;
second, the raw material is mixed at 1X 10-3Degassing under Pa vacuum degree;
a third step of injecting the raw material into the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
fourthly, placing the device in an electromagnet, and applying a horizontal magnetic field to carry out magnetic field induced orientation on the device;
fifthly, pressing the extrusion head to extrude the raw materials to obtain a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite uncured precursor with oriented magnetic field;
sixthly, standing the high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material precursor in a magnetic field until the precursor is preliminarily cured, taking out the precursor in the magnetic field, and placing the precursor in a room-temperature environment until the precursor is completely cured to obtain a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material finished product;
the volume density of the magnetostrictive alloy particles of the high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material is more than 55 percent.
6. The method for forming a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the first step, the raw materials are a uniform mixture of rare earth giant magnetostrictive alloy particles, a high polymer bonding material and a curing agent; the rare earth giant magnetostrictive alloy particles comprise Tb as a design componentxDy1-xFe1.95The x is more than or equal to 0.27 and less than or equal to 0.7, and the master alloy ingot is prepared by mechanical crushing; before crushing the master alloy ingot, homogenizing and annealing at 950 ℃ for 4-8h, wherein the crushing process needs protection of inert atmosphere; the particle size range of the rare earth giant magnetostrictive alloy particles is 100-200 mu m; the volume fraction of the rare earth super magnetostrictive alloy particles in the raw material mixture is not more than 30 percent; the high-molecular bonding material is prepared by mixing one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin and phenol resin.
7. The method for forming a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the second step, at 1X 10-3Degassing under Pa vacuum degree for 10-30 min.
8. The method for forming a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the third step, the size of the horizontal magnetic field is 8000-10000Oe, the dynamic magnetic field induced orientation frequency is 1-10Hz, and the duration is not less than 1 min.
9. The method for forming a high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: and fifthly, standing the uncured high-density giant magnetostrictive composite material precursor in a magnetic field until the adhesive is primarily cured.
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