CN108448976A - A kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device - Google Patents
A kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108448976A CN108448976A CN201810232807.6A CN201810232807A CN108448976A CN 108448976 A CN108448976 A CN 108448976A CN 201810232807 A CN201810232807 A CN 201810232807A CN 108448976 A CN108448976 A CN 108448976A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/0003—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/022—Synchronous motors
- H02P25/024—Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to permanent magnet synchronous motor control fields, and disclose a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device.It includes three-phase/two-phase converting unit, two-phase/three-phase inversion unit, permanent magnet synchronous motor and improves MTPA control units, permanent magnet synchronous motor is connect with three-phase/two-phase converting unit, MTPA control units are improved to connect with two-phase/three-phase inversion unit, three-phase/two-phase converting unit is connected with MTPA control units are improved, wherein, MTPA control units are improved by being improved to original maximum torque per ampere control method, change d axis reference currents, detection permanent magnet synchronous motor input current vector IsThe situation of change of value feeds back d axis reference currents, makes current phasor IsBecome smaller.Through the invention, it calculates simply, does not depend on permanent magnet synchronous motor parameter, not by its parametric variations, control efficiency is high, strong robustness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to permanent magnet synchronous motor control fields, more particularly, to a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor torque capacity
Electric current compares control device.
Background technology
Permanent magnet synchronous motor has simple in structure, reliable for operation, small, light-weight, efficient, overload capacity strong etc. excellent
Point is widely used in various industrial occasions.Thus researcher, scientist and engineer conduct in-depth research it.
There are four the parameter of permanent magnet synchronous motor electrical characteristic is main:Stator resistance, d axle inductances, q axle inductances and permanent magnet
Magnetic linkage.Currently the majority control method is simple in order to calculate, it is generally recognized that and these parameters are changeless, but due to manufacture
The influence of temperature, stator current saturation when error and permanent magnet synchronous motor are run, permanent magnet synchronous motor parameter can occur therewith
Variation, and be difficult to measure in real time, original control method cannot reach good control effect;It is same for durface mounted permanent magnet
For walking motor, ideally d, q axle inductance are equal, idThe control effect that=0 control can reach, but motor actual motion
When d, q axle inductance it is not fully equal;For IPM synchronous motor, current phasor idAlthough=0 control is simple,
But the reluctance torque of its saliency generation is not made full use of.And maximum torque per ampere control calculating is complex, and by forever
The variation of the magnetic-synchro parameter of electric machine is affected.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor torque capacitys
Electric current improves MTPA than control device, by connecting the setting between three-phase/two-phase converting unit in two-phase/three-phase inversion unit
Control unit is improved maximum torque per ampere control method in the prior art, changes d axis input currents, detects permanent magnetism
Synchronous motor output current vector IsThe situation of change of value, the d axis input currents after feedback change, thus solves permanent magnet synchronous electric
Machine control calculates complexity and by the larger disadvantage of permanent magnet synchronous motor parametric variations.
To achieve the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, provide a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control dress
It sets, the control device includes three-phase/two-phase converting unit, two-phase/three-phase inversion unit, permanent magnet synchronous motor and improves MTPA
Control unit, which is characterized in that
The permanent magnet synchronous motor is connect with the three-phase/two-phase converting unit, and the three-phase/two-phase converting unit is by permanent magnetism
The real-time three-phase current of synchronous motor is converted into q axis and d axis real-time currents;
The improvement MTPA control units are connect with the two-phase/three-phase inversion unit, and improvement MTPA control units are used
It converts in initial d axis reference current, q axis and d axis real-time currents will be preset and obtains d axis reference currents
The three-phase/two-phase converting unit is connected with the improvement MTPA control units, the reference currentWith the d
Axis real-time current is converted into d axis current reference voltages U after arithmetic unit and PI controllersd, as the three-phase/two-phase conversion
One input of unit, meanwhile, default initial reference rotating speed n_ref, the real-time rotating speed n of motor pass through with the q axis real-time current
Q axis current reference voltages U is converted into after arithmetic unit and PI controllersq, another as the three-phase/two-phase converting unit be defeated
Enter, two input is converted to the control voltage of permanent magnet synchronous motor by the two-phase/three-phase inversion unit, to realize that permanent magnetism is same
The control of motor is walked,
Wherein, the improvement MTPA control units obtain d axis reference currentsIt is as follows:
It is calculated using the q axis and d axis real-time currents and obtains real-time current vector Is, by real-time current vector IsWith it is default
Current phasor Is* compare, according to the result of the comparison to the preset d axis reference currentIt is adjusted, described in reducing
Real-time current vector Is, the d axis reference currents after adjustmentAs required d axis reference currents
It is further preferred that the three-phase/two-phase converting unit includes sequentially connected current sensor, CLARK transformation
Module and PARK conversion modules.
It is further preferred that the two-phase/three-phase inversion unit includes PARK inverse transform modules, SVPWM modules and IGBT
Inverter module, wherein IGBT inverter modules connect DC power supply.
It is further preferred that the current sensor uses Hall sensor.
It is further preferred that the velocity sensor for the real-time rotating speed n of measurement motor is preferably compiled using orthogonal photoelectricity
Code device or rotary transformer.
It is further preferred that the acquisition reference current for improving MTPA control unitsMethod specifically include following step
Suddenly:
(a) the increment Delta I of initial reference electric current is setd, delay time T and sign of flag=0;
(b) I is calculatedd*=Id*+ΔId, export Id*, real-time current vector I is measured after delay TsValue, and judge Is*-Is
Whether it is more than zero, works as Is*-IsWhen more than zero, step (c1) is executed, it is no to then follow the steps (c2);
(c1) Flag=1, and return to step (b);
(c2)Id*=Id*-ΔId, export Id*, judge whether Flag is equal to 0, when Flag is equal to 0, execute step
(d1), no to then follow the steps (d2);
(d1) terminate;
(d2)Id*=Id*-ΔId, export Id*, I is measured after delay TsValue, judge Is*-IsWhether it is more than zero, works as Is*-
IsIt when more than zero, executes (e1), otherwise executes (e2);
(e1)Is*=Is, return to step (d2);
(e2)Id*=Id*+ΔId, export Id*。
It is further preferred that the real-time current vector IsIt is preferred that carried out using following expression formula,
It is further preferred that the d axis reference currents of the initial preset of the durface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motorIt is default
Current phasor IsCurrent phasor when being * the permanent magnet synchronous motor stable operation, for the pre- of embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor
If d axis reference currentsWith predetermined current vector IsD shaft currents when being * the permanent magnet synchronous motor stable operation and electric current arrow
Amount.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, obtain it is following beneficial to effect
Fruit:
1, the present invention obtains d shaft current ring reference currents by improving MTPA control units, controls permanent magnet synchronous motor
Complicated calculating need not be carried out in the process, and does not depend on permanent magnet synchronous motor other physical parameters, and not by permanent-magnet synchronous
The influence of motor physical parameter variation;
2, the present invention obtains d shaft current ring reference currents by improving MTPA control units, changes d axis input currents, inspection
Survey permanent magnet synchronous motor input current vector IsThe situation of change of value, the d axis input currents after feedback changes realize torque capacity
Electric current promotes permanent magnet synchronous motor control efficiency than control;
3, the improvement MTPA control units that the present invention uses, it is simple in structure, it is convenient, the time is saved, computational efficiency is high, is applicable in
Range is wide, is easy to practice.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control signal constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention
Figure;
Fig. 2 is the improvement MTPA control unit control flow charts constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention;
Fig. 3 is permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control schematic diagram in the prior art.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
It does not constitute a conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.
Fig. 1 is the permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention
Schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor control device of the present invention, including improvement MTPA control units, three-phase/
Two-phase converting unit, two-phase/three-phase inversion unit and permanent magnet synchronous motor, it is characterised in that:
Permanent magnet synchronous motor is connected by velocity sensor with three-phase/two-phase converting unit and two-phase/three-phase inversion unit;
Three-phase/two-phase converting unit is used to convert the real-time three-phase current of permanent magnet synchronous motor to two-phase current, this two
Phase current includes the real-time current of d axis and q axis directions;
Two-phase/three-phase inversion unit is used to convert the two-phase reference voltage of permanent magnet synchronous motor to three phase control voltages,
The input voltage of the three phase controls voltage as permanent magnet synchronous motor;
It improves MTPA control units and calculates permanent magnet synchronous motor input in real time using the real-time current of q axis and d axis directions
Current phasor IsValue, in conjunction with d axis initial current values Id_ ref calculates d axis reference currents Id *, the ginseng as d shaft current rings
Examine electric current input.
It is further preferred that three-phase/two-phase converting unit includes sequentially connected current sensor, CLARK conversion modules
With PARK conversion modules.
It is further preferred that two-phase/three-phase inversion unit includes PARK inverse transform modules, SVPWM modules and IGBT inversions
Device module, wherein IGBT inverter modules connect DC power supply.
Three-phase/two-phase converting unit includes being sequentially connected current sensor, CLARK conversion modules and PARK conversion modules.
Two-phase/three-phase inversion unit includes PARK inverse transform modules, SVPWM modules and IGBT inverter modules.
The CLARK transformation and PARK carried out to acquisition electric current converts and is respectively:
The PARK carried out to voltage is inversely transformed into:
Velocity sensor is orthogonal photoelectric encoder or rotary transformer.
Current sensor is Hall sensor.
A kind of control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device, includes the following steps:
Step 1, permanent magnet synchronous motor initial current I is presetd_ ref and initial speed n_ref, is examined by velocity sensor
It surveys permanent magnet synchronous motor and obtains its real-time rotating speed n and real-time electrical angle θ, by the difference of real-time the rotating speed n and initial speed n_ref
εnQ axis reference currents I is converted into after PI controllersq *, wherein rotating speed deviation εn=n_ref-n, permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor
Electrical angle θ be equal to the number of pole-pairs of permanent magnet synchronous motor and be multiplied by the rotor mechanical angle of permanent magnet synchronous motor;
Step 2, the real-time three-phase current of current sensor detection motor, the real-time three-phase current and real-time electrical angle θ are logical
Cross the real-time current I that three-phase/two-phase converting unit is converted into d axis and q axisd、Iq;
Step 3, initial current Id_ ref and real-time current vector IsD axis ginseng is converted into after improving MTPA control units
Examine electric currentAgain with the real-time current I of d axisdDifference d axis reference voltages U is converted into after PI controllersd, q axis is with reference to electricity
StreamWith the real-time current I of q axisqDifference input PI controllers after be converted into and obtain q axis reference voltages Uq;
Step 4, by d axis reference voltages Ud, q axis reference voltages UqTwo-phase/three-phase inversion unit is inputted with real-time electrical angle θ
It is converted into three phase control voltage of permanent magnet synchronous motor, which controls forever as the input voltage of permanent magnet synchronous motor
Magnetic-synchro motor operates.
For permanent magnet synchronous motor, under d, q axis rotating coordinate system, the torque T of the permanent magnet synchronous motoreIt can be with table
It is shown as:
Te=1.5P [ψfIq+(Ld-Lq)IdIq]
P is number of pole-pairs, ψ in formulafFor permanent magnet flux linkage, id、iqFor d, q axis real-time current, Ld、LqRespectively d, q axis is equivalent
Inductance.As can be seen from the above equation, under the basis known to permanent magnet synchronous motor parameter, I is controlledd、IqMotor can be controlled to turn
Square.And Id、IqIt is the space vector I by stator current againsAmplitude and phase decision, i.e.,
In formula, IsFor current phasor amplitude, α is current vector angle, Id=0 control is to ensure that d shaft currents are 0, current phasor
It is moved on q axis with the variation of load.
Fig. 2 is to improve MTPA control unit control flow charts, as shown in Fig. 2, initializing I firstd*=Id_ ref, Is* it is
Current phasor I when permanent magnet synchronous motor stable operationsInput value, initialization Δ Id(electric current of minimum acceptable d axis becomes
Change amount), delay time T, sign of flag=0;Then I is calculatedd*=Id*+ΔId, export Id*, I is measured after delay TsValue, sentence
Disconnected Is*-IsWhether it is more than zero, works as Is*-IsWhen > 0, I is enableds*=Is, Flag=1, repetitive cycling;Otherwise I is enabledd*=Id*-ΔId,
Export Id*.Judge whether Flag is equal to 0 later, if terminating program not equal to 0, otherwise enables Id*=Id*-ΔId, export Id*, prolong
When T after measure IsValue, judge Is*-IsWhether it is more than zero, works as Is*-IsWhen > 0, I is enableds'=Is, repetitive cycling;Otherwise I is enabledd*
=Id*+ΔId, export Id*。
Fig. 3 is maximum torque per ampere control schematic diagram in the prior art, as shown in figure 3, in the prior art, torque capacity
Electric current includes MTPA units, three-phase/two-phase converting unit, two-phase/three-phase inversion unit and permanent magnet synchronous motor than control.Permanent magnetism
It is certain that synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control is divided into stator current amplitude, and the control of torque maximum and torque are certain, stator
Two kinds of situations of current amplitude minimum.Now discuss that stator current amplitude is certain, the situation of torque maximum.At this point, torque capacity is electric
It is to solve the extreme value of following equation to flow than control:
Te=max (1.5P [ψfIq+(Ld-Lq)IdIq])
Condition:D, q shaft current can be expressed as in formula:
Formula substitution above formula can be obtained:
Te=1.5P [ψfIs sinα+0.5(Ld-Lq)Is sin2α]
So it is as follows to find out maximum torque per ampere control condition:
Restrictive condition:Iq> 0, is acquired:
The formula is the mathematical model of MTPA controls, it can be seen that, use MTPA controls to obtain d shaft currents in the prior art
When, it needs to rely on other physical quantitys and be influenced by these physical quantity variations, these physical quantitys include permanent magnet flux linkage ψf, q
Axis equivalent inductance Lq, d axis equivalent inductances LdWith q axis real-time currents Iq。
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device, the control device include three-phase/two-phase converting unit,
Two-phase/three-phase inversion unit, permanent magnet synchronous motor and improvement MTPA control units, which is characterized in that
The permanent magnet synchronous motor is connect with the three-phase/two-phase converting unit, and the three-phase/two-phase converting unit is by permanent-magnet synchronous
The real-time three-phase current of motor is converted into q axis and d axis real-time currents;
The improvement MTPA control units are connect with the two-phase/three-phase inversion unit, and improvement MTPA control units are used for will
Initial d axis reference current, q axis and d axis real-time currents is preset to convert and obtain d axis reference currents
The three-phase/two-phase converting unit is connected with the improvement MTPA control units, the reference currentWith d axis reality
When electric current d axis current reference voltages U is converted into after arithmetic unit and PI controllersd, as the three-phase/two-phase converting unit
An input, meanwhile, default initial reference rotating speed n_ref, the real-time rotating speed n of motor pass through operation with the q axis real-time current
Q axis current reference voltages U is converted into after device and PI controllersq, as the three-phase/two-phase converting unit another input,
Two input is converted to the control voltage of permanent magnet synchronous motor by the two-phase/three-phase inversion unit, to realize permanent-magnet synchronous
The control of motor;
Wherein, the improvement MTPA control units obtain d axis reference currentsIt is as follows:
It is calculated using the q axis and d axis real-time currents and obtains real-time current vector Is, by real-time current vector IsWith predetermined current
Vector Is* compare, according to the result of the comparison to the preset d axis reference currentIt is adjusted, it is described real-time to reduce
Current phasor Is, the d axis reference currents after adjustmentAs required d axis reference currents
2. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Three-phase/two-phase converting unit includes sequentially connected current sensor, CLARK conversion modules and PARK conversion modules.
3. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The two-phase/three-phase inversion unit includes PARK inverse transform modules, SVPWM modules and IGBT inverter modules, and wherein IGBT is inverse
Become device module and connects DC power supply.
4. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Current sensor uses Hall sensor.
5. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Velocity sensor for the real-time rotating speed n of measurement motor preferably uses orthogonal photoelectric encoder or rotary transformer.
6. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device as described in any one in claim 1-5, feature
It is, the acquisition reference current for improving MTPA control unitsMethod specifically include the following steps:
(a) the increment Delta I of initial reference electric current is setd, delay time T and sign of flag=0;
(b) I is calculatedd*=Id*+ΔId, export Id*, real-time current vector I is measured after delay TsValue, and judge Is*-IsWhether
More than zero, work as Is*-IsWhen more than zero, step (c1) is executed, it is no to then follow the steps (c2);
(c1) Flag=1, and return to step (b);
(c2)Id*=Id*-ΔId, export Id*, judge whether Flag is equal to 0, when Flag is equal to 0, execute step (d1),
It is no to then follow the steps (d2);
(d1) terminate;
(d2)Id*=Id*-ΔId, export Id*, I is measured after delay TsValue, judge Is*-IsWhether it is more than zero, works as Is*-IsGreatly
It when zero, executes (e1), otherwise executes (e2);
(e1)Is*=Is, return to step (d2);
(e2)Id*=Id*+ΔId, export Id*。
7. a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, feature
It is, the real-time current vector IsIt is preferred that carried out using following expression formula,
8. such as a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor maximum torque per ampere control device of claim 1-7 any one of them, feature
It is, the d axis reference currents of the initial preset of the durface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motorPredetermined current vector Is* being should
Current phasor when permanent magnet synchronous motor stable operation, for the preset d axis reference current of embedded permanent magnet synchronous motorWith predetermined current vector IsD shaft currents when being * the permanent magnet synchronous motor stable operation and current phasor.
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