CN108331695A - A kind of hydroturbine - Google Patents
A kind of hydroturbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108331695A CN108331695A CN201711395235.5A CN201711395235A CN108331695A CN 108331695 A CN108331695 A CN 108331695A CN 201711395235 A CN201711395235 A CN 201711395235A CN 108331695 A CN108331695 A CN 108331695A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- impeller
- nozzle
- hydroturbine
- turbine case
- face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
- F05B2240/123—Nozzles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of hydroturbine.The hydroturbine includes the nozzle of turbine case, impeller and the driving impeller rotation, impeller is coaxially installed in turbine case, the rotation center of impeller is connected with transmission shaft, the side of turbine case is equipped with water inlet pipe, and the top of turbine case is equipped with outlet pipe, and turbine case bottom is snapped with turbine lid, transmission shaft passes through the turbine lid, nozzle is installed in the water inlet pipe, and nozzle is gradually tapered up along water (flow) direction, and the exit end face of nozzle is located in the cylindrical surface where turbine case internal face.Hydroturbine provided by the invention, pass through the cylindrical surface adhesive where the exit end face of nozzle is set as with turbine case internal face, enable flow that high speed is kept to inject impeller, reduce hydroturbine internal pressure loss, the driving moment that bigger is provided under conditions of water flow is certain for external transmission device, to improve the working efficiency of hydroturbine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural machinery technological fields, more particularly, to a kind of hydroturbine.
Background technology
Reel sprinkling irrigation machine promotes and applies development and sprays formula sprinkling machine than relatively rapid row in recent years, has and adapts to landform
Property strong, saving of labor, flexibly, the advantages that sprinkling is high-quality.
The hydraulic drive apparatus of reel sprinkling irrigation machine mainly has hydraulic cylinder formula, rubber bellows and wheeled three kinds of the eddies of water, wherein
Hydraulic cylinder formula is to prevent plunger case from wearing, and stringenter to water quality requirement, the waste water of work comes near reel vehicle, influences to spray
Quality.Rubber bellows are also harsher to water quality requirement.The wheeled drive shaft device stable working of the eddies of water, it is without friction, to water quality requirement
It is relatively low and leaked without waste water, it is that comprehensive performance is best, uses most wide hydraulic drive apparatus at present.It is filled as eddies of water in-wheel driving
The working performance of the core component set, hydroturbine determines driving moment and the size of hydraulic loss, to irrigation sprinkler overall work
Performance has important influence.
Typical reel type irrigator water turbine domestic at present continues to use the external production of the mid-90 in last century introduction mostly
Product, jet expansion end face is vertical with nozzle centre axis, and jet expansion and eddies of water impeller blade, apart from larger, injection stream is made
It is greatly reduced with to effluxvelocity during eddies of water impeller blade, causes hydroturbine not high to the utilization rate of injection stream energy,
The driving moment that hydroturbine generates is less than normal, and hydroturbine efficiency is relatively low.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of hydroturbine for overcoming the above problem or solving the above problems at least partly.
The present invention provides a kind of hydroturbine.A kind of hydroturbine, including turbine case, impeller and driving impeller rotation
Nozzle, the impeller are coaxially installed in turbine case, and the center of the impeller is connected with transmission shaft, and the side of the turbine case is set
There are water inlet pipe, the top of the turbine case to be equipped with outlet pipe, the turbine case bottom is snapped with turbine lid, and the transmission shaft passes through
The turbine lid, the nozzle are installed in the water inlet pipe, and the nozzle is gradually tapered up along water (flow) direction, and the nozzle goes out
Mouthful end face is located in the cylindrical surface where the internal face of the turbine case.
Preferably, the nozzle is bonded with the inner wall of the water inlet pipe, and the angle of throat of the water inlet pipe and the nozzle is
10~20 degree.
Preferably, the impeller includes impeller cover, and the center of the impeller cover is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft, institute
It states and is evenly distributed with multiple plain vanes on impeller cover, the blade is by one end far from the impeller center to close to institute
The one end for stating impeller center is uniformly thinning, and the blade is being inclined cut face close to the end face top of the impeller center.
Preferably, the cutting position in the inclined cut face is:Away from the impeller in the top end surface of blade
At the 1/3 blade radial length of end face of the heart and in blade away from the impeller cover 2/3 on the end face of the impeller center
At blade height.
Preferably, include isocon and bypass pipe in the water inlet pipe, the nozzle is installed in the isocon, described
Bypass pipe is located at the top of the isocon, and the bypass pipe is connected to the outlet pipe.
Preferably, the bypass pipe front end is installed with butterfly valve.
Preferably, multiple balance holes are evenly distributed on the impeller cover.
A kind of hydroturbine provided by the invention, by the way that the exit end face of nozzle to be set as and turbine case inner wall radius surface place
The curved surface of cylindrical surface adhesive so that flow can preferably keep high speed and inject impeller, improve injection stream and impacted to hydroturbine
Torque reduces hydroturbine internal pressure loss, provides the driving force of bigger for external transmission device under conditions of water flow is certain
Square to improve the working efficiency of hydroturbine, and by adjusting the aperture of butterfly valve on bypass pipe, can control and inject eddies of water wheel blade
The water of wheel, it is the driving moment that external transmission device provides to adjust hydroturbine, expands sprinkling irrigation and range of operation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram according to a kind of hydroturbine of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram according to a kind of nozzle of hydroturbine of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram according to a kind of hydroturbine of a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is according to a kind of structural schematic diagram of the impeller of hydroturbine of the present invention;
Reference numeral:
1- turbine cases;2- blades;3- outlet pipes;
4- nozzles;5- water inlet pipes;6- turbine lids;
7- transmission shafts;8- impellers;9- balance holes;
10- exit end faces;11- bypass pipes;12- isocons;
13- butterfly valves;14- impeller covers.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below
Example is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
Fig. 1 is according to a kind of structural schematic diagram of hydroturbine of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the sectional view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is according to this
A kind of structural schematic diagram of the nozzle of hydroturbine of invention, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of hydroturbine, including:Turbine case 1,
Impeller 8 and and driving impeller rotation nozzle 4, impeller 8 is coaxially installed in turbine case 1, and the center of impeller 8 is connected with
The side of transmission shaft 7, turbine case 1 is equipped with water inlet pipe 5, and the top of turbine case 1 is equipped with outlet pipe 3, and 1 bottom of turbine case is snapped with whirlpool
Wheel cap 6, transmission shaft 7 pass through turbine lid 6, nozzle 4 to be installed in water inlet pipe 5, and nozzle 4 is gradually tapered up along water (flow) direction, nozzle 4
Exit end face 10 is located in the cylindrical surface where the internal face of turbine case 1.
Specifically, in order to improve hydraulic performance to the maximum extent, the exit end face 10 of nozzle 4 is designed to arc surface, and
And the cylindrical surface adhesive where with the internal face of turbine case 1, being equivalent to the exit end face 10 of nozzle 4 becomes the inner wall of turbine case 1
The part on cylindrical surface where face, the flow that nozzle 4 ejects keep high speed impact to the impeller clearance of impeller 8, are carried for impeller
For the driving force of bigger, so that impeller generates the torque of bigger.When hydroturbine works, flow enters turbine from water inlet pipe 5
Shell 1, since nozzle 4 is installed at water inlet pipe 5, the flow for flowing into turbine case 1 initially enters nozzle 4, since nozzle 4 is along flow side
To gradually tapering up, flow flows through nozzle 4 and is accelerated, thus the flow in 4 exit of nozzle has higher speed, to movable vane
8 rotation of wheel generates torque, and since the center of impeller 8 is fixedly connected with transmission shaft 7, and transmission shaft 7 plays support to impeller 8 and makees
With drive transmission shaft 7 rotates while impeller 8 rotates, and is further driven to the rotation of reel of irrigation sprinkler, and hose is returned in realization
It receives.Since turbine lid 6 snaps onto the bottom of turbine case 1 and sealing, the flow that impeller 8 rotates finally is flowed out from outlet pipe 3,
It is sprayed through nozzle and carries out crop irrigation.
The hydroturbine that above-described embodiment provides, by the way that the Outlet Section of nozzle is set as arc surface, and with turbine case internal diameter
The cylindrical surface at place overlaps so that flow can preferably enter impeller, flow loss be reduced, under conditions of water flow is certain
The driving torque that bigger is provided for external transmission device, to improve the working efficiency of hydroturbine.
Content based on above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the nozzle 4 is bonded with 5 inner wall of the water inlet pipe, it is described into
The converging angles of water pipe and the nozzle are 10~20 degree.
Specifically, in order to further increase hydraulic performance, 4 exit end face 10 of nozzle is set as and 3 internal diameter of turbine case place
Cylindrical surface overlap, and the inner wall of the outer wall of nozzle 4 and isocon 12 is fitted close, eliminates traditional hydroturbine jet expansion
The influence of runner sudden expansion avoids forming recirculating zone in 4 near exit of nozzle, the inflow condition of impeller 8 is entered so as to improve flow,
Ensure that flow flows through 4 high speed of nozzle and is ejected on impeller 8, increase the driving moment of impeller 8, reduces hydroturbine internal pressure loss,
Improve the working efficiency of hydroturbine.Specific installation is to determine the installation side of nozzle 4 by 4 locating pieces of 4 inlet of nozzle
Position.The converging angles of nozzle 4 are set as consistent with the converging angles of isocon 12, are that can protect in this way between 10~20 degree
It demonstrate,proves and forms relatively optimal effluxvelocity and impact force in the main condition range of hydroturbine.In the present embodiment, the entrance of nozzle is straight
Diameter is 48mm, outlet diameter 22mm, nozzle length 75mm, and angle of throat is 19.6 degree.
Content based on the various embodiments described above, as shown in Figure 1, impeller 8 includes impeller cover 14, the center of impeller cover 14
It is fixedly connected with transmission shaft 7, multiple plain vanes 2 is evenly distributed on impeller cover 14, blade 2 is by far from 8 center of impeller
One end to close to 8 center of impeller one end it is uniformly thinning, blade 2 close to 8 center of impeller end face top be inclined cut
Face.The cutting position in inclined cut face is long away from 1/3 blade radial of end face close to 8 center of impeller on the top end face of blade 2
At degree and blade 2 on the end face at 8 center of impeller away from impeller cover 14 be 2/3 blade height at.
Specifically, impeller 8 is semi open model impeller, by impeller cover 14 and is evenly distributed on more on impeller cover 14
A plain vane 2 forms, and impeller cover 14 is fixedly connected centrally through key with transmission shaft 7.In order to improve going out for hydroturbine
Stream ability carries out machining to the end face top of the blade 2 close to 8 center of impeller, and blade 2 is at the end close to 8 center of impeller
Face top is inclined cut face, and from being expanded to close to outlet pipe 3 far from outlet pipe 3, make impeller 8 effectively goes out stream in inclined cut face
Radius becomes larger, and the flow that impeller 8 is injected into through nozzle 4 more swimmingly flows out turbine case 1, reduces the flowing pair of blade exit side
The retardation of blade passage internal flow.The cutting position in specific inclined cut face is on the top end face of blade 2 away from close
At the 1/3 blade radial length of end face at 8 center of impeller and in blade 2 away from impeller cover 14 on the end face at 8 center of impeller
At 2/3 blade height, a fillet surface is formed.Wherein, blade 2 is designed as cylindrical untwisted blade, and processing technology is simple,
And there is good hydraulic performance.In addition, blade 2 is equal to one end close to 8 center of impeller by one end far from 8 center of impeller
It is even thinning, also for increase outflow capacity.
Hydroturbine provided in this embodiment increases conveyance capacity, reduces water in impeller by carrying out machining to blade
Power is lost, to reduce the pressure loss and operation energy consumption of hydroturbine.
Content based on above-described embodiment, Fig. 4 are the knot according to a kind of hydroturbine of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram, as shown in figure 4, water inlet pipe 5 includes isocon 12 and bypass pipe 11, nozzle 4 is installed in isocon 12, bypass pipe
11 are located at the top of isocon 12, and bypass pipe 11 is directly connected in outlet pipe 3, and 11 front end of bypass pipe is installed with butterfly valve 13.
Specifically, for flow in water inlet pipe 5, a part flows into turbine case 1 through shunt conduit 12 and nozzle 4, impacts leaf
Wheel is 8 to generate driving moment, since bypass pipe 11 is located at the top of isocon 12, make another part water flow through bypass pipe 11 and
The connection of outlet pipe 3 flows directly out hydroturbine, is shunted to flow by bypass line 11, can be sprayed through nozzle 4 with Effective Regulation
Inject the flow of impeller 8.Specifically the device that bypass line 11 is adjusted is realized using butterfly valve 13, the opening of butterfly valve 13 becomes
When big, the water flow into bypass pipe 11 increases, and the corresponding water flow into isocon 12 reduces, and impacts the waterpower of impeller 8
Reduce, the driving moment of the impact force and generation that are subject to so as to cause impeller 8 reduces, and the rotating speed of impeller 8 reduces;Conversely, butterfly valve
13 opening becomes hour, and the water flow into bypass pipe 11 reduces, and the corresponding water flow into isocon 12 increases, flow punching
The impact force for hitting impeller 8 increases, and increases so as to cause the rotary speed of impeller 8, is adjusted by regulating and controlling the opening size of butterfly valve 13
Save the rotating speed of impeller 8.Wherein, butterfly valve is called flap valve, is that one kind is simple in structure, is opened and closed around valve shaft rotation to reach
Regulating valve, butterfly valve opening and closing element is a discoidal butterfly plate, in valve body around the axis of its own rotate, to reach open and close
Or the purpose adjusted.
The hydroturbine that above-described embodiment provides adjusts the shunt volume of flow by setting by-pass line and using butterfly valve, from
And eddies of water wheel speed is adjusted, broader speed adjustable range is provided for hydroturbine, effectively extends the operating condition range of irrigation sprinkler.
Content based on the various embodiments described above, Fig. 5 be according to the present invention a kind of hydroturbine impeller structural schematic diagram,
As shown in figure 5, being evenly distributed with multiple balance holes 9 on impeller cover 14.The effect of balance hole 9 is that balancing impeller cover 14 exists
Axial thrust when work, because when impeller cover 14 works normally, a large amount of flows sprayed from nozzle 4 all concentrate impeller 8
Blade passage in, along transmission shafts to the upper and lower surface in impeller cover 14 there are pressure difference, which generates axial make
Impeller axially play will firmly be led to, long-term work in this way can influence the service life of impeller 8 and bearing.Thus by
Multiple balance holes 9 are designed on impeller cover 14, under the differential pressure action of 14 both sides of impeller cover, a part of flow can be through balance hole
9 flow to low-pressure side from high-pressure side, balance the axial force that a part of impeller 8 is subject to.4 balance holes 9 are arranged symmetrically in the present embodiment
Axial thrust for reducing impeller 8.
Hydroturbine provided by the invention passes through the cylindrical surface where the exit end face of nozzle is set as with turbine case internal face
Fitting so that flow can preferably enter impeller, improve the driving moment of impeller, hydroturbine internal pressure loss be reduced, in water
The driving moment of bigger is provided under conditions of flow is certain for external transmission device, and by changing impeller blade design, is carried
Hydroturbine through-current capability is risen, hydraulic loss is reduced, to improve the working efficiency of hydroturbine, expands hydroturbine and irrigation sprinkler work
Range.
Finally, the device in the present invention is only preferable embodiment, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of hydroturbine includes the nozzle of turbine case, impeller and the driving impeller rotation, which is characterized in that the leaf
Wheel is coaxially installed in turbine case, and the center of the impeller is connected with transmission shaft, and the side of the turbine case is equipped with water inlet pipe, institute
The top for stating turbine case is equipped with outlet pipe, and the turbine case bottom is snapped with turbine lid, and the transmission shaft passes through the turbine lid,
The nozzle is installed in the water inlet pipe, and the nozzle is gradually tapered up along water (flow) direction, and the exit end face of the nozzle is located at
In cylindrical surface where the internal face of the turbine case.
2. hydroturbine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nozzle is bonded with the inner wall of the water inlet pipe, institute
The angle of throat for stating water inlet pipe and the nozzle is 10~20 degree.
3. hydroturbine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the impeller includes impeller cover, the impeller cover
Center be fixedly connected with the transmission shaft, be evenly distributed with multiple plain vanes on the impeller cover, the blade by
One end far from the impeller center is uniformly thinning to one end close to the impeller center, and the blade is close to the impeller
The end face top at center is inclined cut face.
4. hydroturbine according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the cutting position in the inclined cut face is:In blade
Top end surface on away from close to the impeller center 1/3 blade radial length of end face at and in blade in the impeller
On the end face of the heart away from 2/3 blade height of the impeller cover at.
5. hydroturbine according to any one of claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that include isocon in the water inlet pipe
And bypass pipe, the nozzle are installed in the isocon, the bypass pipe is located at the top of the isocon, the bypass pipe
It is connected to the outlet pipe.
6. hydroturbine according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the bypass pipe front end is installed with butterfly valve.
7. hydroturbine according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that be evenly distributed on the impeller cover multiple flat
Weighing apparatus hole.
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CN201711395235.5A CN108331695B (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | A kind of hydroturbine |
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CN201711395235.5A CN108331695B (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2017-12-21 | A kind of hydroturbine |
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CN108331695A true CN108331695A (en) | 2018-07-27 |
CN108331695B CN108331695B (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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ID=62923133
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111642363A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-11 | 潍坊工程职业学院 | Spherical plant irrigator |
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DE10143018C1 (en) * | 2001-09-01 | 2003-10-09 | Adolf Gudermann | Hydraulic turbine with continuously variable regulation and application range has nozzle continuously opened/closed to regulate throughput by sliding tongue connected to drive mechanism |
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CN103573539A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-12 | 江苏大学 | Small-flow reel type irrigator water turbine |
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CN106762672A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 中国农业大学 | Reel sprinkling irrigation machine and its turbine type hydroturbine |
CN206770095U (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-12-19 | 广东达华生态科技有限公司 | A kind of hydroturbine of aqueous stream control valve |
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2017
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DE10143018C1 (en) * | 2001-09-01 | 2003-10-09 | Adolf Gudermann | Hydraulic turbine with continuously variable regulation and application range has nozzle continuously opened/closed to regulate throughput by sliding tongue connected to drive mechanism |
GEP20115312B (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2011-10-25 | Wind or steam turbine | |
CN103573539A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-12 | 江苏大学 | Small-flow reel type irrigator water turbine |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111642363A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-11 | 潍坊工程职业学院 | Spherical plant irrigator |
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