CN108141105A - 车辆用动力传递装置及车辆用动力传递*** - Google Patents
车辆用动力传递装置及车辆用动力传递*** Download PDFInfo
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- CN108141105A CN108141105A CN201680060742.0A CN201680060742A CN108141105A CN 108141105 A CN108141105 A CN 108141105A CN 201680060742 A CN201680060742 A CN 201680060742A CN 108141105 A CN108141105 A CN 108141105A
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- vehicle
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- motor
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/021—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings toothed gearing combined with continuous variable friction gearing
- F16H37/022—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings toothed gearing combined with continuous variable friction gearing the toothed gearing having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
- B60K17/08—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2054—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed by controlling transmissions or clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H9/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members
- F16H9/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion
- F16H9/04—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes
- F16H9/12—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes engaging a pulley built-up out of relatively axially-adjustable parts in which the belt engages the opposite flanges of the pulley directly without interposed belt-supporting members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
- H02K21/022—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator
- H02K21/023—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator by varying the amount of superposition, i.e. the overlap, of field and armature
- H02K21/024—Radial air gap machines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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Abstract
车辆用动力传递装置在具有变速器(311)的车辆中具备附加了车辆起步用离合器的功能的带起步功能的前进后退切换机构(312)。另外,车辆用动力传递***具备作为车辆驱动的动力源的内燃机(331)、变速器(311)、将所述内燃机(331)的转矩向变速器(311)传递的扭转振动减震器(332)、以及配置于所述内燃机(331)及所述扭转振动减震器(332)与所述变速器(311)之间的所述车辆用动力传递装置的所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构(312)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆用动力传递装置及车辆用动力传递***。
背景技术
作为以往技术而已知有如下技术等:如图5所示,在作为动力源的内燃机300与变速器301之间配置具有车辆起步的功能的变矩器302,在变矩器302的下游配置前进后退切换机构306,该前进后退切换机构306包括行星齿轮303、摩擦式离合器304及摩擦式制动器305(参照专利文献1~3)。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利第3826730号公报
专利文献2:日本专利第4597138号公报
专利文献3:日本专利第5159683号公报
发明要解决的课题
此外,一直以来,伴随车辆中的车室扩大及向动力源的电动机附加等,要求对现存的内燃机或动力传递装置削减空间。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于解决上述问题,提供一种能够应对空间的削减要求的车辆用动力传递装置及车辆用动力传递***。
用于解决课题的方案
为了达到上述目的,本发明的一个方案的车辆用动力传递装置在具有变速器的车辆中具备附加了车辆起步用离合器的功能的带起步功能的前进后退切换机构。
发明效果
根据本发明的上述方案,将以往由不同部件构成的起步器件和前进后退切换机构的功能合并成一个装置,由此能够应对空间的削减要求。
附图说明
本发明的上述内容、其他目的及特征根据与对于附图而言优选的实施方式相关联的以下的记述变得明确。在该附图中,
图1是本发明的第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置的简要结构图,
图2A是表示本发明的第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置的输入侧构件与输出侧构件的分离状态的说明图,
图2B是表示本发明的第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置的输入侧构件与输出侧构件的滑移状态的说明图,
图2C是表示本发明的第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置的输入侧构件与输出侧构件的接合状态的说明图,
图3A是表示以往技术的前进后退切换机构的起步时等的工作状态的图,
图3B是表示本发明的第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置的起步时等的工作状态的图,
图4A是本发明的第一实施方式的变形例的车辆用动力传递装置的简要结构图,
图4B是本发明的第一实施方式的变形例的车辆用动力传递装置的简要结构图,
图5是在说明本发明的第一实施方式时使用的以往技术的简要结构图,
图6是本发明的第二实施方式的叠厚可变旋转电机的剖视图,
图7是本发明的第二实施方式的变形例的叠厚可变旋转电机的剖视图,
图8是表示本发明的第二实施方式的叠厚可变旋转电机的转矩与转速的关系的图,
图9是表示本发明的第三实施方式的混合动力车辆用驱动装置的简要结构图,
图10是表示本发明的第三实施方式的变形例的混合动力车辆用驱动装置的简要结构图,
图11是本发明的第四实施方式的车辆用驱动装置的简要结构图,
图12是第四实施方式的车辆用驱动装置的工作状态(无级变速、反转)的共线图,
图13是第四实施方式的车辆用驱动装置的工作状态(减速比固定、反转)的共线图,
图14是第四实施方式的车辆用驱动装置的工作状态(无级变速、正转)的共线图,
图15是第四实施方式的车辆用驱动装置的工作状态(减速比固定、正转)的共线图,
图16是本发明的第五实施方式的车辆用驱动装置的简要结构图,
图17是第五实施方式的车辆用驱动装置的动力路径框图,
图18是本发明的第六实施方式的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图,
图19是第六实施方式的混合动力驱动装置的动力路径框图,
图20是第六实施方式的变形例(1)的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图,
图21是第六实施方式的变形例(1)及另一变形例(3)的混合动力驱动装置的动力路径框图,
图22是第六实施方式的另一变形例(2)的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图,
图23是第六实施方式的变形例(1)的另一变形例(3)的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图,
图24是第六实施方式的变形例(2)的另一变形例(4)的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图。
具体实施方式
以下,基于附图来详细说明本发明的实施方式。
(第一实施方式)
本发明的第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置在具有变速器的车辆中,对使用了行星齿轮、摩擦式离合器及摩擦式制动器的前进后退切换机构附加车辆起步用离合器的功能,并省略变矩器等现存的起步器件,由此实现空间的削减。另外,在通过现存的起步器件的省略等得到的空间中配置电动机,由此能够构成由内燃机和电动机形成的混合动力***,能够提高车辆的燃料利用率。
第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置在具有变速器311的车辆中具备对前进后退切换机构附加了车辆起步用离合器的功能的带起步功能的前进后退切换机构312。
该带起步功能的前进后退切换机构312包括行星齿轮313、摩擦式离合器314及摩擦式制动器315、以及对摩擦式离合器314及/或制动器315进行接合控制(接合或分离)的控制机构316。摩擦式离合器314及摩擦式制动器315配置于行星齿轮313的上游侧。在此,控制机构316是使摩擦式离合器314及/或摩擦式制动器315分别独立地接合或分离的液压活塞或电动致动器等。例如在摩擦式离合器314的情况下,通过将交替重合的盘341与从动板343沿着轴向压紧来进行转矩传递,压紧的动作自身能够通过由液压活塞直接按压或利用电动致动器经由轴承进行按压的动作来进行。在摩擦式制动器315的情况下,通过将交替重合的盘344与从动板345沿着轴向压紧来使旋转停止,压紧的动作自身能够通过由液压活塞直接按压或利用电动致动器经由轴承按压的动作来进行。
关于具备带起步功能的前进后退切换机构312的第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置的动作,比较与具备无起步功能的前进后退切换机构的以往技术的车辆用动力传递装置的动作之间的差异,并进行以下说明。
首先,在以往技术和第一实施方式中共通地对前进后退切换机构中的摩擦式离合器314及摩擦式制动器315的输入侧构件291与输出侧构件292之间的状态进行定义。在此,例如在第一实施方式的摩擦式离合器314中,盘341和从动板343分别相当于输入侧构件291和输出侧构件292。图2A、图2B及图2C分别是表示前进后退切换机构中的输入侧构件291与输出侧构件292之间的分离状态、滑移状态及接合状态下的输入侧构件291和输出侧构件292的速度的传递状态的图。即,图2A为在输入侧构件291与输出侧构件292之间存在间隙而两构件未接触的状态,不从输入侧构件291向输出侧构件292传递旋转力,因此即便输入侧构件291旋转,输出侧构件292也完全不旋转。图2B为输入侧构件291与输出侧构件292一边滑移一边略微接触的状态,从输入侧构件291向输出侧构件292略微传递旋转力,因此输出侧构件292以比输入侧构件291的旋转速度低的旋转速度进行旋转。图2C为在输入侧构件291与输出侧构件292之间不存在间隙而完全接触的状态,从输入侧构件291向输出侧构件292传递几乎全部旋转力,输出侧构件292与输入侧构件291一体地旋转而旋转速度相同。
图3A是表示以往技术的前进后退切换机构的起步时等的工作状态的图,上图是表示作为起步器件的例子的变矩器的旋转速度与时刻的关系的图表,下图是表示没有车辆起步用离合器的功能的以往的前进后退切换机构的状态与时刻的关系的图表。在此,如下图所示,以往的前进后退切换机构在停车区间的开始后的短的时间的期间,从分离状态经过滑移状态而瞬时到达接合状态。之后,若无后退切换,则在剩余的停车区间、起步区间、加速及等速行驶等的区间,继续维持接合状态。此时,如上图所示,在停车区间,在变矩器中来自输入侧的旋转不向输出侧传递,因此变矩器的输入侧的旋转速度恒定,与此相对,变矩器的输出侧的旋转速度维持为零。在起步区间,在变矩器中来自输入侧的旋转力开始向输出侧传递,伴随变矩器的输入侧的旋转速度缓慢地增加,输出侧的旋转速度也缓慢地增加,在起步区间的最后,输入侧的旋转速度与输出侧的旋转速度大致相同。在加速及等速行驶等的区间,从变矩器的输入侧向输出侧传递全部的旋转力,因此维持变矩器的输入侧的旋转速度与输出侧的旋转速度相同的状态。
与这样的以往技术的车辆用动力传递装置的动作相对,图3B是表示本发明的第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置的起步时的工作状态的图,在上图中,由于在第一实施方式中舍弃了变矩器等起步器件,因此没有表示变矩器的旋转速度与时刻的关系的图表。与此相对,下图是表示第一实施方式的带车辆起步用离合器的功能的前进后退切换机构312的状态与时刻的关系的图表。
例如下图所示,在停车区间中,只是维持分离状态。当成为起步区间时,在从起步区间的开始到结束的期间,随着时刻的推移而各输入侧构件291与各输出侧构件292之间以成正比例地逐渐接近而接触的方式移动,以便从分离状态经过滑移状态而到达接合状态。即,起步时的动作与以往技术的前进后退切换机构完全不同,通过控制机构316将摩擦式离合器314像这样从分离状态向接合状态进行接合控制,由此发挥作为车辆起步用离合器的功能。作为一例,在图1中,如后述那样,图2A~图2C的各输入侧构件291由摩擦式离合器314用的圆环状的盘341构成,各输出侧构件292由摩擦式离合器314用的圆环状的从动板343构成,通过控制机构316使作为各输出侧构件292的圆环状的从动板343与作为各输入侧构件291的圆环状的盘341进行接触分离。在之后的加速及等速行驶等的区间,摩擦式离合器314继续维持接合状态。
在前进后退切换机构312中,通过对(1)使行星齿轮313的小齿轮支架322停止的状态与(2)使行星齿轮313的三个要素(太阳轮317、小齿轮支架322及齿圈319)同步旋转的状态这两个状态进行切换,从而能够切换输出侧构件292相对于输入侧构件291的旋转方向。此时,在(1)的状态下担负使小齿轮支架322“停止”的动作的部件是摩擦式制动器315。另外,在(2)的状态下担负使三个要素“同步旋转”的动作的部件是摩擦式离合器314。
作为该前进后退切换机构312的使用方法的例子,在变速器311为CVT的情况下,考虑有将输入侧构件与输出侧构件向同一方向旋转的状态使用于车辆的前进的机构和将输入侧构件与输出侧构件向反转方向旋转的状态使用于车辆的前进的机构这两个类型。在第一实施方式中,能够适用于任一类型。作为更具体的实例,根据上述的两个类型和前进/后退,如表1所示,使对应的要素(摩擦式离合器314和摩擦式制动器315)从分离状态转变为滑移状态、接合状态,从而能够实现前进后退的起步。
[表1]
这样,该第一实施方式的前进后退切换机构312的特征在于,在起步时,实现与以往技术的前进后退切换机构大幅不同的动作。
而且,作为带起步功能的前进后退切换机构312,在对前进后退切换机构附加车辆起步用离合器的功能时,使带起步功能的前进后退切换机构312的摩擦式离合器314及摩擦式制动器315的容量比以往的无起步功能的前进后退切换机构专用摩擦式离合器及摩擦式制动器的容量增加。作为使容量增加的具体例子,存在增加离合器314及制动器315的面积、变更摩擦件料、增加摩擦面数、增加按压力、或者上述的多个的组合等。关于离合器314及/或制动器315的容量增加,由于成为具有通过本发明的第一实施方式的车辆用动力传递装置的摩擦式离合器314及摩擦式制动器315重新吸收在以往技术中变矩器在起步时所吸收的能量、即与作为车辆的惯性而和发动机的旋转速度同步的能量相当的能量的功能,因此与此对应的容量增加是必要的。
另一方面,如图1所示,行星齿轮313包括太阳轮317、小齿轮318、齿圈319及小齿轮支架322,成为在太阳轮317上连接有输入轴320的太阳轮输入,且成为在齿圈319上连接有输出轴321的齿圈输出。太阳轮317与小齿轮318啮合,小齿轮318与齿圈319啮合,小齿轮支架322能够限制小齿轮318。
摩擦式离合器314限制行星齿轮313的小齿轮支架322与太阳轮317(即输入侧构件340)的相对旋转,摩擦式制动器315限制行星齿轮313的小齿轮支架322(即输出侧构件342)与变速器311的固定端(壳体)325的相对旋转。具体而言,如图1所示,摩擦式离合器314及摩擦式制动器315如以下这样构成,输出侧构件342与小齿轮支架322连接。
在随着内燃机例如发动机331的驱动进行旋转的输入轴320上连接有输入侧构件340,并且在其下游侧连接有行星齿轮313的太阳轮317。
在输入侧构件340的外表面连接有摩擦式离合器314用的圆环状的盘341。在旋转轴与输入侧构件340配置于同心上的输出侧构件(例如驱动环)342的内表面侧,摩擦式离合器314用的圆环状的从动板343与盘341对置配置,该输出侧构件342相对于输入轴320的旋转方向被约束。在输出侧构件342的外表面侧连接有摩擦式制动器315用的圆环状的盘344,摩擦式制动器315用的圆环状的从动板345与圆环状的盘344对置而与车辆用动力传递装置的壳体(固定端)325的内周面连接。需要说明的是,从动板345成为相对于固定端520在旋转方向上被约束但在输入轴320的轴向上能够移动的状态。这样,摩擦式离合器314用的圆环状的盘341与圆环状的从动板343交替隔开间隔地配置,并且摩擦式制动器315用的圆环状的盘344与圆环状的从动板345交替隔开间隔地配置。由此,通过控制机构316的接合控制而利用液压活塞或电动致动器等使其沿着轴向进退,从而摩擦式离合器314用的相邻的盘341与从动板343能够压接或分开,能够限制相对旋转,并且同时摩擦式制动器315用的相邻的盘344与圆环状的从动板345能够压接或分开,能够限制相对旋转。需要说明的是,摩擦式制动器315用的盘344与从动板345能够沿着轴向进退,驱动环342相对于轴向被约束。
另外,输出侧构件342与小齿轮支架322连结。由此,通过控制机构316的接合控制,在摩擦式离合器314中相邻的盘341与从动板343能够相对地压接或分开而传递旋转力或解除旋转力的传递,并且通过控制机构316的接合控制,在摩擦式制动器315中相邻的盘344与圆环状的从动板345能够相对地压接或分开而传递旋转力或解除旋转力的传递。
这样的带起步功能的前进后退切换机构312配置于发动机331及减震器332与变速器311之间,以代替以往在变速器中具有作为起步器件的功能的部件。在此,起步器件例如是变矩器或摩擦式离合器。减震器332是用于传递发动机331的转矩且对扭转振动进行吸收及衰减的减震器。
在该车辆用动力传递装置中,还能够附加在发动机331及离合器314的下游侧配置的电动机330来构成混合动力***。电动机330的定子330a固定于壳体325,具有与输入轴320平行的旋转轴的转子330b与第一输出轴321连接。转子330b还经由第二输出轴350与变速器311连接。
在此,变速器311在为手动变速器的情况下,可以由平行轴齿轮对构成。
变速器311在为自动变速器的情况下,可以由多个行星齿轮构成。
变速器311在为CVT的情况下,可以包括能够调整对置的滑轮面311a的距离的一对带轮311b(仅图示一方的带轮311b,未图示另一方的带轮)、以及在一对带轮311b上架设的带或链的带状构件311c。
根据第一实施方式,将以往由不同部件构成的起步器件和前进后退切换机构的功能合并成一个装置,从而能够实现空间削减和成本减少。此时,通过增加摩擦式离合器及摩擦式制动器的容量,能够防止起步时的滑移引起的摩擦件的烧损。另外,有效利用通过省略现存的起步器件而得到的空间来配置电动机330,由此使动力源混合动力化,从而能够提高车辆的燃料利用率。另外,在动力源的混合动力化时,将电动机330配置于前进后退切换机构312的下游侧,由此在由电动机单独进行的驱动时及再生时能够将内燃机从动力传递路径切离,从而能够更有效地回收动能。
需要说明的是,作为变形例,如图4A所示,也可以是,行星齿轮313成为在齿圈319上连接有输入轴320的齿圈输入,且成为在太阳轮317上连接有输出轴321的太阳轮输出。
在该变形例中,也能够起到与第一实施方式同样的效果。
另外,作为另一变形例,如图4B所示,也可以是,摩擦式离合器314限制行星齿轮313的齿圈319与太阳轮317的相对旋转。
在该变形例中,摩擦式离合器314由控制机构316进行接合控制,能够起到与第一实施方式同样的效果。
(第二实施方式)
本发明的第二实施方式的叠厚可变旋转电机涉及将起步装置替换成带离合器的马达时使用的马达。对于该马达,以下作为一例而对车辆进行详细说明,但不限于车辆,能够广泛普遍地利用。
该叠厚可变旋转电机通过在永久磁铁同步式旋转电机中使有效叠厚变化,从而能够调整电枢交链磁通,实现从低速到高速的宽范围的运转。
作为提高永久磁铁同步式旋转电机的运转区域的手段,提出了在低速与高速下使匝数可变的技术(专利文献1:日本特开平6-205573号公报)、以及使磁铁顽磁力可变的技术(专利文献2:日本特开2006-280195号公报)等。
然而,它们是电可变的手段,没有机械可变的手段。
本发明的第二实施方式提供在任意的转速下均能够提高永久磁铁同步式旋转电机的运转区域的永久磁铁同步式旋转电机。
如图6所示,第二实施方式的叠厚可变旋转电机20具备定子2、转子4及叠厚可变机构6。
定子2具有电枢绕组1。
转子4以相对于定子2旋转自如地固定于旋转轴7的方式安装,且在内部具有永久磁铁4a。
旋转电机20的壳体5保持定子2和转子4。定子2固定于壳体5。固定有转子4的旋转轴7由多个轴承13保持为相对于壳体5旋转自如,转子4与旋转轴7同步旋转。
叠厚可变机构6配置于壳体5,并基于转子4的转速沿着转子4的旋转中心轴14使定子2与转子4相对地移动。
作为一例,叠厚可变机构6可以包括按压力产生机构8和反作用力产生机构9。
按压力产生机构8相对于转子4旋转自如地连接,并作用沿着固定有转子4的旋转轴7的旋转中心轴14的按压力。作为具体的例子,按压力产生机构8包括:液压泵11;活塞12,其被从液压泵11作用液压而从壳体5的活塞嵌合孔5a突出;以及轴承15,其配置于活塞12与转子4之间。转子4固定于滑块16,该滑块16相对于沿着旋转轴7的旋转中心轴14延伸的导轨(例如花键的凸部)17滑动。轴承15配置于活塞12的前端部(图6的右端部)与滑块16的一方的端部(图6的左端部)之间,从而不会由活塞12阻碍转子4的旋转,转子4顺利地旋转。在本例中为液压,但也可以是气压的结构。
反作用力产生机构9隔着转子4配置于与转子4的按压力产生机构8相反的一侧,从而产生与沿着旋转中心轴14作用的所述按压力相反方向的反作用力。具体而言,反作用力产生机构9由收缩安装于滑块16的另一方的端部(图6的右端部)与导轨17的端部(图6的右端部)之间的弹簧18构成。通过弹簧18的作用力,相对于导轨17的端部始终将滑块16的另一方的端部向活塞侧按压。
控制装置10基于流过定子2的电枢绕组1的电流的信息或由解析器等检测出的角度来算出转子4即旋转轴7的转速,若算出的转子4即旋转轴7的转速成为规定的阈值,则开始驱动叠厚可变机构6。在此,规定的阈值可以是低速转速与高速转速的分界的值、低速转速中的任意的值或者高速转速中的任意的值中的任一个。开始驱动叠厚可变机构6是指,具体而言,使液压泵11工作而使活塞12以从壳体5的活塞嵌合孔5a突出的方式移动,从而通过活塞12经由滑块16将转子4相对于旋转轴7沿着旋转中心轴14进行按压,由此使转子4克服弹簧18的作用力而移动。作为移动量的一例,将转子4的轴向长度的一半程度作为最大移动量。若停止驱动叠厚可变机构6,则液压泵11的工作停止,对活塞12的按压力消失,因此通过弹簧18的作用力经由滑块16使转子4相对于旋转轴7沿着旋转中心轴14向反向移动。这样,能够使定子2与转子4的叠厚可变。在将转子4沿着旋转中心轴14控制成位于任意位置的情况下,由车辆加速度检测器21B检测出的车辆加速度向控制装置10输入,由控制装置10根据车辆加速度来检测转矩,从而判定是否正在适当地移动,或者由位移检测器21A检测位移量并向控制装置10输入来判定是否正在适当地移动。或者也可以是,将通过上位的控制装置等位移量取得部21C求出的位移量向控制装置10输入来判定是否正在适当地移动。
因而,例如在低速旋转时,按压力产生机构8不工作而转子4与定子2在旋转轴方向上处于相同的位置,有效叠厚成为最大,电枢交链磁通成为最大。由此,成为低速旋转及高转矩的特性。
在高速旋转时,按压力产生机构8工作,使转子4与定子3沿着旋转轴方向相对地移动,从而能够减少有效叠厚,减少电枢交链磁通。由此,成为高速旋转及低转矩的特性。
在图8所示的图表中,横轴为转速,纵轴为转矩。在该图表中,实线表示转子4与定子2为相同的位置的状态下的特性。虚线表示转子4与定子2相对地移动而发生了位置偏移的状态下的特性。
根据该第二实施方式,在车辆的运转中使叠厚可变机构6工作,由此能够使旋转电机(马达)的转矩或转速在宽范围内运转。
需要说明的是,在第二实施方式中,作为叠厚可变机构6,也可以省略弹簧18即反作用力产生机构9。例如,叠厚可变机构6可以由相对于转子4旋转自如地连接且使定子2与转子4沿着转子4的旋转中心轴14相对地进退移动的推拉机构构成。作为这样的推拉机构,能够例示出电磁螺线管。
另外,叠厚可变机构6不限于一个,也可以在旋转中心轴14周围配置有多个。
另外,当叠厚可变机构6与旋转轴7的卡合为花键时,在一边进行转矩传递一边移动时,因摩擦使运动变得不顺畅,因此也可以瞬间、断续地使输出降低或为零。具体而言,构成为在叠厚可变旋转电机20中具备作为控制装置10而使马达输出断续的逆变器的永久磁铁同步式旋转电机驱动***。在该结构中,考虑有通过控制装置10使液压泵11连动的结构等。在此,输出的降低是指模拟的降低。
另外,叠厚可变机构6不限于使转子4移动,也可以如图7所示那样与定子2连接而使定子2沿着转子4的旋转中心轴14移动。叠厚可变机构6的结构与转子4的情况同样。
定子2固定于滑块16A,该滑块16A相对于沿着旋转轴7的旋转中心轴14的方向延伸的导轨17A滑动。导轨17A固定于壳体5。
反作用力产生机构9由收缩安装于滑块16A的另一方的端部(图6的右端部)与导轨17A的端部(图6的右端部)之间的弹簧18A构成。通过弹簧18A的作用力,相对于导轨17A的端部始终将滑块16A的另一方的端部向活塞侧按压。
因而,使液压泵11工作而使活塞12A以从壳体5的活塞嵌合孔5b突出的方式移动,从而通过活塞12A经由滑块16A将定子2相对于旋转轴7沿着旋转中心轴14进行按压,由此使定子2克服弹簧18A的作用力而移动。
在开始驱动叠厚可变机构6时,具体而言,使液压泵11工作而使活塞12A以从壳体5的活塞嵌合孔5b突出的方式移动,从而通过活塞12A经由滑块16A将定子2相对于旋转轴7沿着旋转中心轴14进行按压,由此使定子2克服弹簧18A的作用力而移动。作为移动量的一例,将定子2的轴向长度的一半程度作为最大移动量。若停止驱动叠厚可变机构6,则液压泵11的工作停止,对活塞12A的按压力消失,因此通过弹簧18A的作用力经由滑块16A而使定子2沿着旋转中心轴14向反向移动。这样,能够使定子2与转子4的叠厚可变。在这样使定子2移动的情况下,不会阻碍旋转动作,因此作为整体能够使结构简单。
(第三实施方式)
如图9所示,本发明的第三实施方式的车辆用驱动装置200在具有横置类型、即以变速器203的变速器轴213与车辆的前后方向正交的形式配置的变速器203的车辆中,由在差动装置201的差速器壳体209的轴上连接有电动机202的动力传递路径的混合动力***构成。
差动装置201包括固定有第一驱动轴204的一端的第一半轴齿轮205、固定有第二驱动轴210的一端的第二半轴齿轮206、第一小齿轮207、第二小齿轮208、差速器壳体209、以及齿圈211。在图9的上下,第一小齿轮207和第二小齿轮208与第一半轴齿轮205及第二半轴齿轮206分别啮合。在将第一小齿轮207和第二小齿轮208支承为旋转自如的差速器壳体209的外侧,固定有能够绕第一驱动轴204及第二驱动轴210的中心轴旋转的齿圈211。
变速器203的变速器轴213通过平行齿轮214与差动装置201的差速器壳体209的齿圈211啮合。
在差速器壳体209的一端的第一驱动轴204侧的端部固定有作为正交齿轮的一例的锥齿轮212,从而差速器壳体209与锥齿轮212一体地旋转。
该锥齿轮212与作为固定于电动机202的旋转轴215的正交齿轮的一例的锥齿轮216啮合。因而,通过锥齿轮216将电动机202连接于差动装置201。即,将电动机202直接连结于差动装置201的差速器壳体209,而没有直接连结于驱动轴204、210。
电动机202具有与旋转轴215连接的转子202b和定子202a。
锥齿轮216也包括直齿锥齿轮或曲线齿锥齿轮、双曲线齿轮等。
在图9中,电动机202的旋转轴215配置为与差动装置201的驱动轴204、210及变速器203的变速器轴213正交。差动装置201的驱动轴204、210与变速器203的变速器轴213平行地配置。
根据第三实施方式,不是在变速器203的上游侧,而是在变速器203的下游侧的与轮胎接近的位置连接电动机202,因此传递损失少,能够以高的传递效率进行电动机202的驱动及再生。另外,通过电动机202的附加,能够提高车辆的燃料利用率。另外,在差动装置201的差速器壳体209的轴上连接有电动机202的动力传递路径,因此不大幅变更现存的变速器的内部结构,就能够实现车辆的电动化。
图10是表示本发明的第三实施方式的变形例的车辆用驱动装置200的简要结构图。
该变形例与第三实施方式不同之处在于差动装置201与电动机202的连接的机构,主要对不同点进行说明,对相同的构件标注同一符号并省略说明。
如图10所示,也可以通过平行齿轮222将电动机202连接于差动装置201。平行齿轮222也包括正齿轮或斜齿轮等。具体而言,在图10中,平行齿轮222包括差动装置201的差速器壳体209的齿圈211和与电动机202的旋转轴215连接的平行齿轮213A。在图10中,电动机202的旋转轴215、差动装置201的驱动轴204、210及变速器203的变速器轴213平行地配置。
在第三实施方式的变形例中,也能够起到与第三实施方式同样的效果。作为第三实施方式的变形例的特有的效果,可举出齿轮啮合固有的传递效率比正交齿轮高。
(第四实施方式)
如图11所示,本发明的第四实施方式的车辆用驱动装置513包括拉威挪式行星齿轮501、摩擦式离合器502及摩擦式制动器503,对拉威挪式行星齿轮501设置两个***的输入路径和一个***的输出路径,通过分别调整该两个***的输入,能够对一个***的输出进行无级地调整。
作为以往技术,在专利文献3(专利第4660583号)中公开了如下内容:将两挡的副变速器与无级变速器组合,从而在高与低的两挡之间的切换时减速比不连续地变化。
在如该以往技术那样将两挡的副变速器与无级变速器组合的情况下,在高与低之间的切换时减速比不连续地变化,因此在吸收该相对旋转速度差量时产生基于变速冲击或加速度的不连续化引起的用户的不适感。
与此相对,在第四实施方式中,与两挡的副变速器相比而形成为无级的副变速器,由此来解决以往的课题。以下详细地说明。
拉威挪式行星齿轮501具备第一太阳轮504、第二太阳轮505、第一小齿轮506、第二小齿轮507及齿圈508。第一太阳轮504与由同一小齿轮支架509限制的第二小齿轮507及第一小齿轮506啮合。第二太阳轮505与第一小齿轮506啮合。第一小齿轮506与齿圈508啮合。
两个***的输入路径中,第一输入路径与第二太阳轮505连接,第二输入路径与第一太阳轮504连接。一个***的输出路径与齿圈508连接。
作为一例,在图11中,作为两个***的输入路径中的第一输入路径,通过将作为内燃机的一例的发动机510的第一输出轴515和第二太阳轮505连接而构成。作为第二输入路径,通过将与电动机511的转子511a一体地旋转的旋转轴516和第一太阳轮504连接而构成。作为一个***的输出路径的第二输出轴517与齿圈508连接。
摩擦式离合器502及摩擦式制动器503也和与电动机511的转子511a一体地旋转的旋转轴516连接,当蓄电池的电力没有时,通过摩擦式离合器502及摩擦式制动器503,从而即便来自电动机511的电输入成为零,也能够仅由发动机510进行驱动。
摩擦式离合器502及摩擦式制动器503的结构是与图1的摩擦式离合器314及摩擦式制动器315同样的结构。
摩擦式离合器502限制第一太阳轮504、第二太阳轮505、小齿轮支架509及齿圈508中的任意两个要素之间的相对旋转,摩擦式制动器503限制小齿轮支架509与固定端(车辆用驱动装置513的壳体)520之间的相对旋转。
在此,限制是指将构件彼此连接、将构件彼此的连接切断、以及使构件彼此间一边接触一边滑动(半离合)中的任一个。
图12是车辆用驱动装置513的工作状态(无级变速、反转)的共线图。图13是车辆用驱动装置513的工作状态(减速比固定、反转)的共线图。图14是车辆用驱动装置513的工作状态(无级变速、正转)的共线图。图15是车辆用驱动装置513的工作状态(减速比固定、正转)的共线图。
在此,图12~图15示出在车辆用驱动装置513中表示各旋转要素的转速与转矩的力学关系的共线图。图12~图15的共线图为二维坐标,在横轴X方向上,四条纵线表示作为旋转要素的从左侧起的拉威挪式行星齿轮501的第二太阳轮505、小齿轮支架509、齿圈508及第一太阳轮504的传动比的关系,在纵轴Y方向上表示相对的旋转速度,一条虚线的斜线表示旋转速度即与输出轴连接的作为内燃机的一例的发动机510和电动机511各自的旋转速度。
图12为无级变速模式,第二太阳轮505(输入)与齿圈508(输出)的旋转方向的关系为反转。另外,在小齿轮支架509自由的状态下,通过调整与第一太阳轮504连接的电动机511的旋转速度和与第二太阳轮505连接的发动机510的旋转速度,能够得到任意的减速比而调整由齿圈508进行的输出的值。
图13为减速比固定模式,第二太阳轮505(输入)与齿圈508(输出)的旋转方向的关系为反转。另外,当使与小齿轮支架509连接的制动器503工作而将小齿轮支架509固定时,若与第二太阳轮505连接的发动机510的旋转速度被决定,则减速比固定而与第一太阳轮504连接的电动机511的旋转速度和由齿圈508进行的输出的值被决定。
图14为无级变速模式,第二太阳轮505(输入)与齿圈508(输出)的旋转方向的关系为同一方向旋转。另外,在小齿轮支架509自由的状态下,使与第一太阳轮504连接的电动机511的旋转方向和与第二太阳轮505连接的发动机510的旋转方向相同,从而由齿圈508进行的输出也成为相同的旋转方向,并且通过调整与第一太阳轮504连接的电动机511的旋转速度和与第二太阳轮505连接的发动机510的旋转速度,从而能够得到任意的减速比而调整由齿圈508进行的输出的值。
图15为减速比固定模式,第二太阳轮505(输入)与齿圈508(输出)的旋转方向的关系为同一方向旋转。另外,通过与小齿轮支架509连接的离合器502将小齿轮支架509与第一太阳轮504相连,由此减速比固定为1,若与第二太阳轮505连接的发动机510的旋转速度被决定,则与第一太阳轮504连接的电动机511的旋转速度和由齿圈508进行的输出的值被决定。
根据第四实施方式,通过与现存的变速器512组合使用,从而能够将车辆用驱动装置513作为无级的副变速器而发挥功能,能够扩大该现存的变速器512的变速比幅度(变速比有效范围),提高车辆的行驶性能和燃料利用率。另外,通过将车辆用驱动装置513作为无级的副变速器而发挥功能,能够实现平滑的工作。另外,通过电动机511的附加,能够提高车辆的燃料利用率。另外,与专利文献3的两挡的副变速器相比,根据第四实施方式,形成为无级的副变速器,从而能够消除基于副变速器的变速涉及的变速冲击或加速度的不连续化引起的用户的不适感。
作为第四实施方式的变形例,也可以是,在两个***的输入路径中,作为第一输入路径而使第二太阳轮505与电动机511连接,作为第二输入路径而使第一太阳轮504与作为内燃机的一例的发动机510连接,且使摩擦式制动器与齿圈连接,使输出与小齿轮支架连接。在该变形例中,也能够起到与第四实施方式同样的效果。
另外,作为另一变形例,也可以是,在两个***的输入路径中,作为第一输入路径而使第二太阳轮505与第一电动机511连接,作为第二输入路径而使第一太阳轮504与第二电动机连接。在该另一变形例中,能够起到以下这样的效果。通常,在对车辆进行驱动时,在所需驱动力小的情况下,电动机必须使用负荷小且效率低的区域。在这样的情况下,将第一电动机和第二电动机中的任一方作为驱动用电动机使用,将另一方的电动机作为发电机即负荷用电动机使用,由此使驱动用电动机在负荷更高且效率更高的区域运转,对于超过车辆驱动所需的驱动力的部分,通过另一方的电动机进行发电而能够作为电能蓄积。在此,蓄积的电能之后能够用于车辆驱动。另外,相反,在对车辆进行驱动时的所需驱动力大的情况下,电动机必须使用负荷高且效率低的区域。在这样的情况下,由第一电动机和第二电动机分担驱动力,由此能够降低各个电动机的负荷而在效率高的区域进行运转。
另外,作为又一变形例,也可以是,在扭转振动减震器521与第二太阳轮505之间追加另一离合器而能够将发动机510切离。减震器521是用于传递发动机510的转矩并对扭转振动进行吸收及衰减的减震器。根据该另一变形例,在仅由电动机驱动车辆的情况、或者由电动机将车辆的动能再生为电能的情况下,能够排除发动机的牵连旋转引起的损失(摩擦及泵气损失),能够提高再生量。
(第五实施方式)
本发明的第五实施方式的混合动力驱动装置620在具有将前进后退切换机构配置于变速器的上游侧的类型的自动变速器的车辆中,能够向前进后退切换机构的输出侧输入马达输出,从而能够以少的改造范围赋予混合动力功能,提高车辆燃料利用率。
以往,在专利文献4(日本特开2013-16642号公报)中作为向无级变速器追加马达而形成为混合动力驱动装置的方案,提出有以无级变速器的带轮为基准而在与发动机相反的一侧且与发动机的旋转轴同轴上配置马达的方案。
然而,在前述的方案中,变速器全长加长与马达轴长相应的量,难以适用于小型车辆。
第五实施方式是解决该课题的实施方式。
如图16及图17所示,第五实施方式的混合动力驱动装置620包括前进后退切换机构(F/R)601、变速器(CVT等)602、前进后退切换机构601的输出侧的输入路径、以及与输入路径连接的马达603。变速器602作为一例而由CVT构成。
所述前进后退切换机构601包括摩擦离合器605、摩擦制动器606及行星齿轮607。
行星齿轮607包括太阳轮610、与太阳轮610啮合的小齿轮611、以及与小齿轮611啮合的齿圈612。
来自发动机(E/G)608的输入经由起步装置(T/C即变矩器等)604向行星齿轮607的太阳轮610输入。作为起步装置604的一例,为变矩器。
摩擦离合器605与太阳轮610及小齿轮611连接。
摩擦制动器606与小齿轮611连接。
齿圈612与变速器602的输入轴613连接。
在齿圈612的外周面形成有齿轮612a来作为输入路径。具体而言,齿圈612的外周面的齿轮612a与在马达603的输出轴630固定的齿轮631啮合,马达603的转矩向前进后退切换机构601的输出侧即齿圈612输入。
需要说明的是,在图16中,在来自变速器602的输出轴651上固定有齿轮652。齿轮652与差动装置(Diff)650的齿轮653啮合。在差动装置650上连接有一对驱动轴654。
根据第五实施方式,通过马达603的附加,能够提高车辆的行驶性能和燃料利用率。即,除了发动机动力以外,还将马达603用作辅助动力,从而能够减少发动机输出。另外,在齿圈上形成外齿,并使马达为不同轴输入,由此不大幅变更现存的变速器的内部结构,就能够实现车辆的电动化。另外,通过将来自马达603的转矩向变速器的输入侧输入,从而马达603能够利用变速器的变速比而扩大运转区域,能够提高车辆燃料利用率。另外,在车辆减速时使前进后退切换机构601的离合器605及制动器606分离,从而能够切断来自发动机608的输出。由此,能够消除发动机摩擦损失,增加再生能量。
作为第五实施方式的变形例,也可以是,作为前进后退切换机构601的输入路径而齿圈612的外周面由链轮形成,且经由链与马达603的输出轴630连接。
另外,作为另一变形例,也可以是,作为前进后退切换机构601的输入路径,配置于齿圈612的侧面或者变速器602的输入轴613。
(第六实施方式)
本发明的第六实施方式的混合动力驱动装置在具有自动变速器的车辆中对前进后退切换机构附加起步离合器功能,省略变矩器或离合器这样的以往的起步装置,在以往的起步装置的空间中配置马达来形成为混合动力驱动装置,由此能够提高车辆燃料利用率。
以往,例如在横置变速器中,在要将马达配置于变速器的输出轴(例如CVT的副带轮轴)的情况下,必须将其配置于驱动轴与变速器的输入轴(例如CVT的主带轮轴)的轴间,因此径向的制约大。另外,在将马达配置于变速器的输出轴的情况下,需要与减速机构成套地配置。
在本发明的第六实施方式中,能够缓和这样的制约,能够在受限的空间中实现混合动力驱动装置。
图18是第六实施方式的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图。图19是第六实施方式的混合动力驱动装置的动力路径框图。
如图18及图19所示,第六实施方式的混合动力驱动装置包括前进后退切换机构701、变速器702、以及经由齿轮704与变速器702的输出轴703连接的马达705。马达705配置于发动机706与变速器702之间的同轴上。
前进后退切换机构701与图16同样,包括摩擦离合器、摩擦制动器及行星齿轮。
行星齿轮包括太阳轮、与太阳轮啮合的小齿轮、以及与小齿轮啮合的齿圈。
来自发动机706的输入即发动机706的输出轴708向行星齿轮的太阳轮输入。
摩擦离合器与太阳轮及小齿轮连接。
摩擦制动器与小齿轮连接。
齿圈与变速器702的输入轴707连接。
摩擦离合器和制动器是第一实施方式中所记载的那样的附加了车辆起步用离合器的功能的摩擦离合器和制动器。
变速器702的输出轴703与马达705的连接所涉及的齿轮704作为一例而如以下这样构成。
在输出轴703上固定有大齿轮731和小齿轮732。小齿轮732经由齿轮733而连接于与一对驱动轴740连接的差动装置734。大齿轮731与齿轮735啮合。固定有齿轮735的旋转轴737与发动机706的输出轴708同轴地配置,且与电动机(马达)705的转子705a连接。在旋转轴737的贯通孔737a内以旋转自如的方式贯通有发动机706的输出轴708。定子705b固定于混合动力驱动装置的壳体739。图19的参照符号745是发动机扭转振动减震器。减震器745是用于传递发动机706的转矩并对扭转振动进行吸收及衰减的减震器。
根据第六实施方式,通过在与变速器702的输入轴707同轴上配置马达705,由此能够缓和对马达705的径向的制约,而且利用马达705的旋转轴737相对于变速器702的输出轴703处于偏移的位置的情况,能够构成由齿轮704等减速的减速机构。因而,通过在以往的配置有起步装置的空间中配置马达705,能够实现受限的空间内的混合动力驱动装置。另外,通过在变速器702的输出侧连接马达705,从而能够不受变速器损失的影响地以高的传递效率利用马达705。另外,通过马达705的附加,能够提高车辆的行驶性能和燃料利用率。
以下说明第六实施方式的变形例。
图20是第六实施方式的变形例(1)的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图。图21是第六实施方式的变形例(1)及另一变形例(3)的混合动力驱动装置的动力路径框图。在图21中,当第二离合器722分离而通过第一离合器721进行连接时,马达705的转矩向减震器745与前进后退切换机构701之间传递。相反,当第一离合器721分离而通过第二离合器722进行连接时,意味着马达705的转矩向变速器702与差动装置734之间传递。
作为第六实施方式的第一个变形例(1),如图20及图21所示,也可以是,在马达705与前进后退切换机构701之间具备对来自马达705的转矩进行传递或切断的第一离合器721,并且在马达705与变速器702的输出轴703之间具备对来自马达705的转矩进行传递或切断的第二离合器722。
即,在发动机706的输出轴708的马达705与前进后退切换机构701之间具备第一离合器721。第一离合器721的离合器板721b经由花键以沿着轴向移动自如且在旋转方向上固定的方式连接于输出轴708而与其一体地旋转。第一离合器721的离合器壳体721a固定于与马达705的转子705a连接的旋转轴737。因而,能够通过第一离合器721将来自马达705的转矩相对于前进后退切换机构701进行传递或切断。
另外,在变速器702的输出轴703上固定有齿轮750。齿轮750与固定有第二离合器722的离合器壳体722a的齿轮751啮合。第二离合器722的离合器板722b以沿着轴向移动自如且在旋转方向上固定的方式与在第一离合器721的离合器罩721a的外周面形成的花键连接而与其一体地旋转。因而,能够通过第二离合器722将来自马达705的转矩相对于变速器702的输出轴703进行传递或切断。
根据该变形例,作为马达断接用离合器而配置第一离合器721及第二离合器722,从而在行驶时不需要马达705的情况下,能够通过马达断接用离合器将马达705切离,来减少驱动损失。另外,在图20的结构中,在变速器702的输入侧设置马达输入路径并使第一离合器721相连,从而马达705经由变速器702进行输出,能够扩大马达705的运转区域。另外,在车辆减速时,使第一离合器721分离并使第二离合器722相连,使前进后退切换机构701的离合器及制动器分离,来将发动机输出轴708切断。由此,能够消除发动机摩擦损失,增加再生能量。另外,使前进后退切换机构701的离合器及制动器分离,使第一离合器721相连,并使第二离合器722分离。由此,即便在车辆停止状态下,也能够通过发动机动力得到再生能量。
另外,通过将第一离合器721与第二离合器722配置于同心圆形状的内外周,从而相对于将第一离合器721与第二离合器722沿轴向串联地配置的情况,能够缩短轴向长度。
图22是第六实施方式的另一变形例(2)的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图。作为变形例(2),也可以在马达705与变速器702的输出轴703之间仅具备对来自马达705的转矩进行传递或切断的第二离合器724。
根据该变形例(2),通过作为马达断接用离合器而配置第二离合器724,从而在行驶时不需要马达705的情况下,能够通过马达断接用离合器将马达705切离,来减少驱动损失。
图23是第六实施方式的变形例(1)的另一变形例(3)的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图。作为变形例(3),也可以将第一离合器721配置于马达705的转子705a的内周。
根据该变形例(3),相对于变形例(1),能够实现更省空间的混合动力驱动装置。
图24是第六实施方式的变形例(2)的另一变形例(4)的混合动力驱动装置的简要结构图。作为变形例(4),可以在马达705与变速器702的输出轴703之间仅具备对来自马达705的转矩进行传递或切断的第二离合器723,而且将第二离合器723配置于马达705的转子705a的内周。
根据该变形例(4),相对于变形例(2),能够实现更省空间的混合动力驱动装置。
最后,记载本发明的各种方案。
根据本发明的第一方案,提供一种永久磁铁同步式旋转电机,其具备:
定子,其具有电枢绕组;
转子,其相对于所述定子安装成旋转自如,且在内部具有永久磁铁;
壳体,其保持所述定子和所述转子;以及
叠厚可变机构,其配置于所述壳体,且基于所述转子的转速使所述定子与所述转子沿着所述转子的旋转中心轴相对地移动。
根据本发明的第二方案,提供一种第一方案所记载的永久磁铁同步式旋转电机,其中,
所述叠厚可变机构由推拉机构构成,该推拉机构相对于所述转子旋转自如地连接,且基于所述转子的转速使所述定子与所述转子沿着所述转子的所述旋转中心轴相对地移动。
根据本发明的第三方案,提供一种第一或二方案所记载的永久磁铁同步式旋转电机,其中,
所述叠厚可变机构包括:按压力产生机构,其相对于所述转子旋转自如地连接,且基于所述转子的转速向所述转子作用沿着旋转轴方向的按压力;以及反作用力产生机构,其隔着所述转子配置于与所述转子的按压力产生机构相反的一侧,且产生与沿着所述旋转轴方向作用的所述按压力相反方向的反作用力。
根据本发明的第四方案,提供一种第一~三方案中任一方案所记载的永久磁铁同步式旋转电机,其中,
所述叠厚可变机构与所述定子连接,使所述定子沿着所述转子的旋转轴方向移动。
根据本发明的第五方案,提供一种永久磁铁同步式旋转电机驱动***,其具备:
所述第一~四方案中任一方案所记载的永久磁铁同步式旋转电机;以及
在使所述叠厚可变机构工作时,使所述旋转电机的输出瞬时、断续地降低或成为零的控制装置。
根据本发明的第六方案,提供一种车辆用驱动装置,其中,
所述车辆用驱动装置是在具有变速器的车辆中在差动装置的差动装置轴上连接有电动机的动力传递路径的混合动力***。
根据本发明的第七方案,提供一种第六方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
所述变速器以该变速器的轴与所述车辆的前后方向正交的形式配置。
根据本发明的第八方案,提供一种第六方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
所述差动装置轴与所述电动机的所述动力传递路径使用正交齿轮来连接。
根据本发明的第九方案,提供一种第六方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
所述电动机的所述动力传递路径向所述差动装置轴上的连接由齿轮对构成,所述齿轮对由配置于所述差动装置轴的齿轮和配置于与该差动装置轴平行的轴的齿轮构成。
根据本发明的第十方案,提供一种车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述车辆用动力传递装置在具有变速器的车辆中具备附加了车辆起步用离合器的功能的带起步功能的前进后退切换机构。
根据本发明的第十一方案,提供一种第十方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构包括行星齿轮、摩擦式离合器及摩擦式制动器、以及对所述摩擦式离合器及所述摩擦式制动器进行接合控制的控制机构。
根据本发明的另一方案,提供一种第十或十一方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构的所述摩擦式离合器及所述摩擦式制动器具备输入侧构件和输出侧构件,通过所述控制机构的接合控制,能够使所述输入侧构件与所述输出侧构件相对地接触分离,
在起步时,通过所述控制机构对所述摩擦式离合器及所述摩擦式制动器进行接合控制,以便从所述输入侧构件与所述输出侧构件分离开的分离状态,经由所述输入侧构件与所述输出侧构件一边相对地滑移一边相对地接触的滑移状态,向所述输入侧构件与所述输出侧构件相对地接触的接合状态移动。
根据本发明的第十二方案,提供一种第十一方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构的所述摩擦式离合器及所述摩擦式制动器的容量比无起步功能的前进后退切换机构专用摩擦式离合器及摩擦式制动器的容量大。
根据本发明的第十三方案,提供一种第十一或十二方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述行星齿轮形成为太阳轮输入且齿圈输出。
根据本发明的第十四方案,提供一种第十一或十二方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述行星齿轮形成为齿圈输入且太阳轮输出。
根据本发明的第十五方案,提供一种第十一或十二方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述摩擦式离合器限制所述行星齿轮的小齿轮支架与太阳轮的相对旋转。
根据本发明的第十六方案,提供一种第十一或十二方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述摩擦式离合器限制所述行星齿轮的齿圈与太阳轮的相对旋转。
根据本发明的第十七方案,提供一种第十一或十二方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述摩擦式离合器限制所述行星齿轮的小齿轮支架与齿圈的相对旋转。
根据本发明的第十八方案,提供一种第十一或十二方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述摩擦式制动器限制所述行星齿轮的小齿轮支架与所述变速器的固定端的相对旋转。
根据本发明的第十九方案,提供一种车辆用动力传递***,其具备:
作为车辆驱动的动力源的内燃机;
变速器;
将所述内燃机的转矩向变速器传递的扭转振动减震器;以及
配置于所述内燃机及所述扭转振动减震器与所述变速器之间的第十~十八方案中任一方案所记载的车辆用动力传递装置的所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构。
根据本发明的第二十方案,提供一种第十九方案所记载的车辆用动力传递***,其中,
还附加在所述内燃机及所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构的下游侧配置的电动机来构成混合动力***。
根据本发明的第二十一方案,提供一种第十九或二十方案所记载的车辆用动力传递***,其中,
所述变速器由平行轴齿轮对构成。
根据本发明的第二十二方案,提供一种第十九或二十方案所记载的车辆用动力传递***,其中,
所述变速器由多个行星齿轮构成。
根据本发明的第二十三方案,提供一种第十九或二十方案所记载的车辆用动力传递***,其中,
所述变速器包括能够调整对置的滑轮面的距离的一对带轮和架设于所述一对带轮的带状构件。
根据本发明的第二十四方案,提供一种车辆用驱动装置,其中,
所述车辆用驱动装置包括拉威挪式行星齿轮、摩擦式离合器及摩擦式制动器,对该拉威挪式行星齿轮设置两个***的输入路径和一个***的输出路径,通过对该两个***的输入分别进行调整,由此能够对一个***的输出进行无级调整。
根据本发明的第二十五方案,提供一种第二十四方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
所述拉威挪式行星齿轮具备第一太阳轮、第二太阳轮、第一小齿轮、第二小齿轮及齿圈。
根据本发明的第二十六方案,提供一种第二十五方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
所述第一太阳轮与由同一小齿轮支架限制的所述第二小齿轮及所述第一小齿轮啮合,所述第二太阳轮与所述第一小齿轮啮合,并且所述第一小齿轮与所述齿圈啮合。
根据本发明的第二十七方案,提供一种第二十五或二十六方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
在所述两个***的输入路径中,第一输入路径与所述第二太阳轮连接,第二输入路径与所述第一太阳轮连接,且所述一个***的输出路径与所述齿圈连接。
根据本发明的第二十八方案,提供一种第二十四~二十七方案中任一方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
在所述两个***的输入路径中,第一输入路径与内燃机连接,第二输入路径与电动机连接。
根据本发明的第二十九方案,提供一种第二十七方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
在所述两个***的输入路径中,第一输入路径与电动机连接,第二输入路径与内燃机连接。
根据本发明的第三十方案,提供一种第二十四~二十七方案中任一方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
在所述两个***的输入路径中,第一输入路径与第一电动机连接,第二输入路径与第二电动机连接。
根据本发明的第三十一方案,提供一种第二十六方案所记载的车辆用驱动装置,其中,
所述摩擦式离合器限制所述第一太阳轮、所述第二太阳轮、所述小齿轮支架及所述齿圈中的任意两个要素之间的相对旋转,所述摩擦式制动器限制所述小齿轮支架与固定端的相对旋转。
根据本发明的第三十二方案,提供一种混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述混合动力驱动装置包括前进后退切换机构、变速器、在所述前进后退切换机构的输出侧配置的输入路径、以及与所述输入路径连接的马达。
根据本发明的第三十三方案,提供一种第三十二方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述前进后退切换机构包括摩擦离合器、摩擦制动器及行星齿轮,
所述行星齿轮包括太阳轮、与所述太阳轮啮合的小齿轮、以及与所述小齿轮啮合的齿圈,
发动机输入经由起步装置向所述行星齿轮的所述太阳轮输入,
所述摩擦离合器与所述太阳轮及所述小齿轮连接,
所述摩擦制动器与所述小齿轮连接,所述齿圈与所述变速器的输入轴连接。
根据本发明的第三十四方案,提供一种第三十三方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述起步装置为变矩器。
根据本发明的第三十五方案,提供一种第三十三方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
在所述行星齿轮的所述齿圈的外周面形成有齿轮而形成为所述输入路径。
根据本发明的第三十六方案,提供一种第三十五方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述马达的输出轴经由与所述齿圈的所述外周面的所述齿轮啮合的齿轮而与所述输入路径连接。
根据本发明的第三十七方案,提供一种第三十三方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
在所述输入路径中,所述齿圈的外周面由链轮形成,且经由链与所述马达的输出轴连接。
根据本发明的第三十八方案,提供一种第三十三方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述输入路径配置于所述齿圈的侧面。
根据本发明的第三十九方案,提供一种第三十二方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述输入路径配置于所述变速器的输入轴。
根据本发明的第四十方案,提供一种混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述混合动力驱动装置包括前进后退切换机构、变速器、以及经由齿轮与所述变速器的输出轴连接的马达。
根据本发明的第四十一方案,提供一种第四十方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述马达配置在发动机与所述变速器之间的同轴上。
根据本发明的第四十二方案,提供一种第四十一方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述前进后退切换机构包括摩擦离合器、摩擦制动器及行星齿轮,
所述行星齿轮包括太阳轮、与所述太阳轮啮合的小齿轮、以及与所述小齿轮啮合的齿圈,
发动机输入向所述行星齿轮的所述太阳轮输入,
所述摩擦离合器与所述太阳轮及所述小齿轮连接,
所述摩擦制动器与所述小齿轮连接,
所述齿圈与所述变速器的输入轴连接。
根据本发明的第四十三方案,提供一种第四十二方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述摩擦离合器和所述制动器为附加了车辆起步用离合器的功能的摩擦离合器和制动器。
根据本发明的第四十四方案,提供一种第四十~四十三方案中任一方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
在所述马达与所述前进后退切换机构之间具备对来自所述马达的转矩进行传递或切断的第一离合器,并且在所述马达与所述变速器之间具备对来自所述马达的转矩进行传递或切断的第二离合器。
根据本发明的第四十五方案,提供一种第四十四方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述第一离合器与所述第二离合器配置于同心圆形状的内外周。
根据本发明的第四十六方案,提供一种第四十四方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器配置在所述马达与所述前进后退切换机构之间的同轴上。
根据本发明的第四十七方案,提供一种第四十四方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述第一离合器配置于所述马达的内周,所述第二离合器配置在所述马达与所述前进后退切换机构之间的同轴上。
根据本发明的第四十八方案,提供一种第四十~四十三方案中任一方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
在所述马达与所述变速器之间具备对来自所述马达的转矩进行传递或切断的第二离合器。
根据本发明的第四十九方案,提供一种第四十八方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述第二离合器配置于所述马达与所述前进后退切换机构之间的同轴上。
根据本发明的第五十方案,提供一种第四十八方案所记载的混合动力驱动装置,其中,
所述第二离合器配置于所述马达的内周。
需要说明的是,通过适当组合上述各种实施方式或变形例中的任意的实施方式或变形例,能够起到它们各自具有的效果。另外,可以进行实施方式彼此的组合、实施例彼此的组合或实施方式与实施例的组合,并且也可以进行不同的实施方式或实施例中的特征彼此的组合。
参照附图并与实施方式相关联地充分记载了本发明,但对于熟悉该技术的人员而言清楚各种变形、修正。这样的变形、修正只要不脱离基于添加的技术方案得到的本发明的范围,就应该理解为包含于本发明的范围中。
工业实用性
本发明的车辆用动力传递装置及车辆用动力传递***通过将以往由不同部件构成的起步器件和前进后退切换机构的功能合并为一个装置,从而能够应对空间的削减要求,即便在受限的空间中,也能够构成混合动力***,对于以小型机动车为首的各种车辆而言是有用的。
符号说明:
1 电枢绕组
2 定子
4 转子
5 壳体
6 叠厚可变机构
8 按压力产生机构
9 反作用力产生机构
10 控制装置
14 旋转中心轴
20 叠厚可变旋转电机
291 输入侧构件
292 输出侧构件
311 变速器
311a 滑轮面
311b 带轮
311c 带状构件
312 带起步功能的前进后退切换机构
313 行星齿轮
314 摩擦式离合器
315 摩擦式制动器
316 控制机构
317 太阳轮
319 齿圈
320 输入轴
321 输出轴
322 小齿轮支架
325 变速器的固定端(壳体)
330 电动机
330a 定子
330b 转子
331 发动机
332 减震器
340 输入侧构件
341、344 盘
342 输出侧构件
343、345 从动板
Claims (15)
1.一种车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述车辆用动力传递装置在具有变速器的车辆中具备附加了车辆起步用离合器的功能的带起步功能的前进后退切换机构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构包括行星齿轮、摩擦式离合器及摩擦式制动器、以及对所述摩擦式离合器及所述摩擦式制动器进行接合控制的控制机构。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构的所述摩擦式离合器及所述摩擦式制动器具备输入侧构件和输出侧构件,通过所述控制机构的接合控制能够使所述输入侧构件与所述输出侧构件相对地接触分离,
在起步时,通过所述控制机构对所述摩擦式离合器及所述摩擦式制动器进行接合控制,以便从所述输入侧构件与所述输出侧构件分离开的分离状态,经由所述输入侧构件与所述输出侧构件一边相对地滑移一边相对地接触的滑移状态,向所述输入侧构件与所述输出侧构件相对地接触的接合状态移动。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构的所述摩擦式离合器及所述摩擦式制动器的容量比无起步功能的前进后退切换机构专用摩擦式离合器及摩擦式制动器的容量大。
5.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述行星齿轮形成为太阳轮输入且齿圈输出。
6.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述行星齿轮形成为齿圈输入且太阳轮输出。
7.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述摩擦式离合器限制所述行星齿轮的小齿轮支架与太阳轮的相对旋转。
8.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述摩擦式离合器限制所述行星齿轮的齿圈与太阳轮的相对旋转。
9.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述摩擦式离合器限制所述行星齿轮的小齿轮支架与齿圈的相对旋转。
10.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的车辆用动力传递装置,其中,
所述摩擦式制动器限制所述行星齿轮的小齿轮支架与所述变速器的固定端的相对旋转。
11.一种车辆用动力传递***,其中,
所述车辆用动力传递***具备:
作为车辆驱动的动力源的内燃机;
变速器;
将所述内燃机的转矩向变速器传递的扭转振动减震器;以及
配置于所述内燃机及所述扭转振动减震器与所述变速器之间的权利要求1至10中任一项所述的车辆用动力传递装置的所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构。
12.根据权利要求11所述的车辆用动力传递***,其中,
还附加在所述内燃机及所述带起步功能的前进后退切换机构的下游侧配置的电动机来构成混合动力***。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的车辆用动力传递***,其中,
所述变速器由平行轴齿轮对构成。
14.根据权利要求11或12所述的车辆用动力传递***,其中,
所述变速器由多个行星齿轮构成。
15.根据权利要求11或12所述的车辆用动力传递***,其中,
所述变速器包括能够调整对置的滑轮面的距离的一对带轮和架设于所述一对带轮的带状构件。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015-206491 | 2015-10-20 | ||
JP2015206491 | 2015-10-20 | ||
JP2016-183438 | 2016-09-20 | ||
JP2016183438A JP2017078508A (ja) | 2015-10-20 | 2016-09-20 | 車両用動力伝達装置及び車両用動力伝達システム |
PCT/JP2016/080394 WO2017069040A1 (ja) | 2015-10-20 | 2016-10-13 | 車両用動力伝達装置及び車両用動力伝達システム |
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DE112016004784T5 (de) | 2018-07-05 |
US20180313439A1 (en) | 2018-11-01 |
CN108138931A (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
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CN108138931B (zh) | 2021-11-19 |
CN108136887A (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
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US20180304896A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
JP2017078509A (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
CN108141105B (zh) | 2020-08-25 |
DE112016004798T5 (de) | 2018-07-19 |
US10724616B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 |
JP6759027B2 (ja) | 2020-09-23 |
JP2017078508A (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
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