CN108014926A - The adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage and method - Google Patents
The adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108014926A CN108014926A CN201810110631.7A CN201810110631A CN108014926A CN 108014926 A CN108014926 A CN 108014926A CN 201810110631 A CN201810110631 A CN 201810110631A CN 108014926 A CN108014926 A CN 108014926A
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- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005367 electrostatic precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002356 laser light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
- B03C3/68—Control systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage and method, including BUCK circuits control unit, display circuit, laser PM2.5 sensors, the voltage sensor being arranged on collecting plate and DSP control system；Power supply with upper-part to being powered.The present invention handles detection signal of the laser PM2.5 sensors to PM2.5 concentration by DSP control system, and then sets the target voltage values under different PM2.5 concentration, and the virtual voltage between collecting plate is measured by voltage sensor；Foregoing voltage difference is handled by comparator, and is inputted PI controllers, while output control signal, DSP adjust the duty cycle of output pwm pulse according to the control signal, act on the power switch to BUCK circuits, realize that voltage is adjusted.The present invention solves the problems, such as that can not adjust voltage causes to produce excessive ozone, while has saved electric energy, while also reduces cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of air purification, is related to a kind of adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage and method.
Background technology
In recent years, influenced by outdoor haze weather, indoor air environment is also seriously damaged.Occur in haze weather
When, outdoor pellet gets in content by the approach such as air conditioner ventilating system or architectural exterior-protecting construction gap and can show
Work increases.Wherein particle diameter is rich in substantial amounts of poisonous and harmful substances less than or equal to 2.5 μm of fine particle (i.e. PM2.5), and
Residence time in air is long, fed distance is remote, can be deposited under human body respiratory system even into lung and blood circulation
System, and then influence the vitals such as heart and brain.The particle diameter of particulate matter is smaller, its specific surface area is bigger, apparent surface
The harmful substance that can be adsorbed will be more.As it can be seen that not allowing to relax to the control problem of PM2.5 concentration in indoor environment, use
Air cleaning unit is come to improve problem of indoor air quality be a kind of economical rationality and energy-efficient method.
Exist in the prior art and air purification is carried out using filter net type air purifier and electrostatic air cleaner, but deposit
In problems with：First, the filter screen at least needing high-medium efficient rank for filter net type air purifier could be realized to PM2.5
>=90% purification efficiency, and strainer periodically need to be cleaned or updated, rear current cost is higher, at the same in the process of running resistance compared with
Greatly；Second, electrostatic air cleaner uses high-pressure electrostatic in purification process, and can not adjust electricity according to PM2.5 concentration
Size is pressed, causes high voltage to produce excessive ozone, and ozone is excessively done great harm to human body.
The content of the invention
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage and method, solves
In the prior art because bringing of high cost, running resistance using filter net type air purifier greatly and using electrostatic air cleaner
During voltage cannot be automatically adjusted according to room air PM2.5 concentration and the problem of output excessive ozone.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is to provide a kind of adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage, it is characterised in that
Including BUCK circuits control unit, display circuit, laser PM2.5 sensors, voltage sensor and DSP control system；The BUCK
Circuit control unit is connected with collecting plate；Voltage sensor and DSP control system, laser PM2.5 sensors, display circuit phase each other
Even；Power supply with upper-part to being powered.
Further, the power supply is divided into heavy-current control module and vulnerabilities scan module；The heavy-current control module is directed to
Voltage on collecting plate is adjusted, and is powered by 220V AC voltage, by high frequency oscillation circuit-booster circuit-voltage doubling rectifing circuit,
Export 8000V high voltage direct currents；The vulnerabilities scan module is using the S-100-5 regulated power supply moulds for effectively exporting 5V DC voltages
Block and effectively the AMS1117-3.3V power module of voltage regulation of output 3.3V DC voltages.
Further, the DSP control system (10) is used comprising ADC module and ePWM modules in hardware circuit
TMS320F28335 chips and its corresponding minimum system circuit, use increment type PI controllers in software algorithm；The laser
PM2.5 sensors use ZH03A laser dust sensors.
Further, a kind of dust removal method of the adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage comprises the following steps：
1) target voltage values are calculated, target voltage are calculated by DSP control system, i.e., dsp chip is according to laser PM2.5
The current indoor PM2.5 concentration scales that sensor measures, calculate collecting plate target voltage values Vref；
2) voltage acquisition, DSP control system carry out voltage acquisition to voltage collecting plate by voltage sensor at the same time, obtain
To the AD sampling period collecting plate virtual voltages Vo in current kth cycle；
3) voltage compares, and target voltage values and actual voltage value are carried out mathematic interpolation Vref-Vo by DSP control system, are obtained
To current period voltage difference error (k)；When proceeding to next cycle, error (k), which then becomes, automatically saves into a cycle
Voltage difference error (k-1), by current period voltage difference error (k) with upper periodic voltage difference e rror (k-1) again
Make the difference, draw integration differential Δ error；Voltage difference error (k), integration differential Δ error are inputed to inside DSP programs
Increment type PI controllers, its work formula are as follows：
Δ u (k)=u (k)-u (k-1)=Kp* Δ error+Ki*error (k)
In formula, u (k) is current kth cycle controlled quentity controlled variable, and u (k-1) is (k-1) cycle controlled quentity controlled variable, and Δ u (k) is current the
K cycles controlled quentity controlled variable and (k-1) cycle controlled quentity controlled variable difference, Kp is proportional control factor, and Ki is integral adjustment coefficient.Aforementioned formula
It can be write as following form：
U (k)=u (k-1)+Kp* Δ error+Ki*error (k)
4) circuit board voltage is adjusted, u (k) is transported to PWM modulation module inside DSP by DSP control system, generates PWM ripples
Shape, at this time PWM waveform duty cycle be adjusted by BUCK circuits with the change of collecting plate virtual voltage, stablized in target
Magnitude of voltage；When target voltage is consistent with virtual voltage, voltage difference error (k) and integration differential Δ error will be 0 at the same time,
PWM waveform duty cycle is theoretical duty cycle；When virtual voltage is less than target voltage, then error (k)>0,u(k)>u(k-1),
I.e. PWM duty cycle will be lifted, until virtual voltage is equal to target voltage；Conversely, when virtual voltage is more than target voltage, PWM is accounted for
Empty ratio will reduce, and final collecting plate voltage is equal to target voltage.
Further, in step 1), PM2.5 concentration values and target voltage Vref that laser PM2.5 sensors detect
Correspondence be：PM2.5 concentration is less than 75 μ g/m3Corresponding target voltage Vref is 0V；PM2.5 concentration is between being more than or wait
In 75 μ g/m3And it is less than 115 μ g/m3Between, corresponding target voltage Vref is 4000V；PM2.5 concentration between more than or equal to
115μg/m3And it is less than 150 μ g/m3Between, corresponding target voltage Vref is 6000V；PM2.5 concentration is more than 150 μ g/m3When,
Corresponding target voltage Vref is 8000V.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, electrostatic type air purification apparatus of the present invention is according to indoor PM2.5 concentration scales automatic control and adjustment collecting plate electricity
Pressure.Due to function of the existing electrostatic air cleaner without automatic adjustment voltage, high pressure is constantly in once opening
The state of Electro-static Driven Comb, although dust collecting effect strengthens, also result in unnecessary ozone yield and energy loss.The present invention is logical
Cross and realize that the release of control different voltages electrostatic solves this contradiction.
2nd, processing is optimized for voltage adjustable electrostatic air cleaner voltage regulating part point in the present invention, such as
In practical applications, due to the influence of control system error itself and environmental factor, opened loop control can not realize mesh to fruit
That marks voltage stablizes output, so the present invention selects conventional PI control device to be controlled, makes it dense according to indoor PM2.5
The voltage of grade more stable regulation collecting plate is spent, reliability is high, possesses certain reactance voltage mutation disturbance ability.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is electrostatic precipitator structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is electrostatic precipitator flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is electrostatic precipitation circuit and its topology diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is electrostatic precipitation system entirety control figure of the present invention.
In Fig. 1,1. purifier housings, 2. power supplys, 3.BUCK circuit control units, 4. conducting wires, 5. display circuits, 6. laser
PM2.5 sensors, 7. collecting plates, 8. dust plate frameworks, 9. voltage sensors, 10.DSP control systems.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage, including BUCK circuits control unit 3, it is arranged on purifier housing 1
On display circuit 5, laser PM2.5 sensors 6, the voltage sensor 9 being arranged on dust plate framework 8 and DSP control system
10；BUCK circuits control unit 3 is connected with collecting plate 7；Voltage sensor 9 and DSP control system 10, laser PM2.5 sensors 6,
Display circuit 5 is connected with each other by conducting wire 4；Power supply 2 is by conducting wire 4 to being powered with upper-part.
Further, power supply 2 divides for heavy-current control module and vulnerabilities scan module；Heavy-current control module is directed to collecting plate 7
On voltage adjust, powered by 220V AC voltage, by high frequency oscillation circuit-booster circuit-voltage doubling rectifing circuit, output
The high-voltage dc signal of 4000V-8000V, present invention output 8000V high voltage direct currents；Vulnerabilities scan module is straight using S-100-5
Flow power module of voltage regulation, effectively export 5V DC voltages, to laser PM2.5 sensors 6, voltage sensor 9 and display circuit 5 into
Row power supply, while AMS1117-3.3V voltage stabilizing chips are used, 5V DC voltages are inputted, carry out 3.3V voltage stabilizing operations, DSP is controlled
System 10 is powered；Further, DSP control system 10 is used comprising ADC module and ePWM modules in hardware circuit
TMS320F28335 chips and its corresponding minimum system circuit, use increment type PI controllers in software algorithm.
Further, BUCK circuits, comparator and PWM modulation portion are equipped with BUCK circuits control unit 3；Further, swash
Light PM2.5 sensors 6 use ZH03A laser dust sensors.
A kind of dust removal method of the adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage, comprises the following steps：
1) target voltage values are calculated, in DSP program processes, according to current indoor PM2.5 concentration scales, DSP meetings
Calculate 7 target voltage values Vref of collecting plate；
2) voltage acquisition, DSP control system 10 carry out voltage to voltage collecting plate 7 by voltage sensor 9 at the same time and adopt
Collection, obtains the AD sampling period collecting plate virtual voltages Vo in current kth cycle；
3) voltage compares, and target voltage values and actual voltage value are carried out mathematic interpolation Vref-Vo by DSP control system 10.
Obtain current period voltage difference error (k)；When proceeding to next cycle, error (k), which then becomes, to be automatically saved into one week
Phase voltage difference error (k-1), by current period voltage difference error (k) with upper periodic voltage difference e rror (k-1) again
It is secondary to make the difference, draw integration differential Δ error；Voltage difference error (k), integration differential Δ error are inputed into increment type PI controls
Device processed, its work formula are as follows：
Δ u (k)=u (k)-u (k-1)=Kp* Δs error+Ki*error
In formula, u (k) is current kth cycle controlled quentity controlled variable, and u (k-1) is (k-1) cycle controlled quentity controlled variable, and Δ u (k) is current the
K cycles controlled quentity controlled variable and (k-1) cycle controlled quentity controlled variable difference, Kp are proportional control factor, and Ki is integral adjustment coefficient, aforementioned formula
It can be write as following form：
U (k)=u (k-1)+Kp* Δs error+Ki*error
4) circuit board voltage is adjusted, u (k) is transported to PWM modulation unit inside DSP, generates PWM waveform, at this time PWM ripples
Shape duty cycle can be adjusted with collecting plate virtual voltage, be stablized in target voltage values.Such as when target voltage and reality
When border voltage is consistent, voltage difference error (k) and integration differential Δ error will be 0 at the same time, and PWM waveform duty cycle is theory
Duty cycle.When virtual voltage is less than target voltage, then error (k)>0,u(k)>U (k-1), i.e. PWM duty cycle will be lifted, until
Virtual voltage is equal to target voltage；Conversely, when virtual voltage is more than target voltage, PWM duty cycle will reduce, and make final collecting plate
7 voltages are equal to target voltage.
Further, the PM2.5 concentration values that laser PM2.5 sensors 6 detect in step 1) are corresponding with target voltage
Relation is：PM2.5 concentration is arranged to 0V less than the corresponding target voltages of 75 μ g/m3, and PM2.5 concentration is between more than or equal to 75 μ
G/m3 and less than between 115 μ g/m3, corresponding target voltage is arranged to 4000V, and PM2.5 concentration is between more than or equal to 115 μ
G/m3 and less than between 150 μ g/m3, corresponding target voltage is arranged to 6000V, when PM2.5 concentration is more than 150 μ g/m3, correspondence
Target voltage be arranged to 8000V.
The operation principle and function introduction of the present invention：
The adjustable electrostatic precipitator of the voltage is by adjusting collecting plate both end voltage, to realize to indoor various concentrations
The removing of PM2.5, can not only utilize electrion effectively to remove the PM2.5 of high concentration, but also can not be when interior PM2.5 concentration
When very high, Electro-static Driven Comb pressure is reduced, so that reduce ozone burst size reduces drag losses at the same time.Such as Fig. 2, the present apparatus is opened
Afterwards, when indoor PM2.5 concentration>150μg/m3When, collecting plate both end voltage can be automatically adjusted to 8000V；PM2.5 after voltage increase
Concentration will reduce, as 115 μ g/m3<PM2.5 concentration<150μg/m3When, voltage will be automatically adjusted to 6000V；As 75 μ g/m3<
PM2.5 concentration<115μg/m3When, voltage will be automatically adjusted to 4000V；When PM2.5 concentration<15115μg/m3When, voltage zero.
1st, dust collect plant introduction of the present invention
Dust collect plant is made of three groups of collecting plates and corona discharge electrode so that collecting plate distance between plates reduces, dust distance between plates
Gap only has several millimeters, is effectively controlled ozone yield, while improve collection efficiency.Power positive line and collecting plate phase
Even, negative line is connected with corona discharge electrode.Power supply, which is powered, during work make it that corona discharge electrode is negatively charged, and the air ionization that will enter in electric field is
Negative ions, the fine particle that anion is adsorbed in air are adsorbed on to collecting plate displacement and finally collecting plate.
2nd, the overall control section of the present invention is introduced：
System entirety control block diagram is as shown in Figure 4.Strong power part is powered to collecting plate in power unit, and weak current part is given
DSP control system, sensor, liquid crystal display etc. are powered.The course of work measures air for DSP by PM2.5 concentration sensors
Middle PM2.5 concentration scales, to carry out the control of collecting plate respective electrode voltage.It is and real between the collecting plate according to voltage sensor measurement
When magnitude of voltage, carry out feedback control, output voltage is more accurate between making collecting plate.It will work as cup finally by LCD MODULE
Interior PM2.5 concentration scales are shown.
3rd, power unit introduction of the present invention：
Power unit is divided into heavy-current control module and vulnerabilities scan module, and wherein heavy-current control module is primarily directed to dust
Voltage on plate is adjusted, and vulnerabilities scan module is then that the elements such as central controller, sensor are powered.Forceful electric power is with light current
Need to carry out light-coupled isolation between signal to achieve the purpose that to protect circuit.
(1) heavy-current control module
Heavy-current control module is high voltage power supply, is powered by 220V AC voltage in life, by high frequency oscillation circuit-liter
The high-voltage dc signal of 4000V-8000V can be exported after volt circuit-voltage doubling rectifing circuit.8000V high pressures are exported in the design
Direct current.
(2) vulnerabilities scan module
Vulnerabilities scan module uses S-100-5 D.C. regulated power supply modules, is equally powered by 220V AC voltage in life,
5V DC voltages can be effectively exported, sensor etc. is powered, while use AMS1117-3.3V voltage stabilizing chips again, are inputted
5V DC voltages, carry out 3.3V voltage stabilizing operations, power to DSP minimum systems.
4th, inventive sensor and liquid crystal display introduction
(1) PM2.5 concentration sensors
Using the ZH03A laser dust sensors of Zhengzhou Wei Sheng Co., Ltds, ZH03A is a miniaturization module, is utilized
Laser light scattering principle, detects the dust particle in air.It can be produced when laser is irradiated to the particulate matter of test position faint
Light scattering, light scattering waveform in particular directions is related with particle diameter, by the waveform separation of different-grain diameter statistics and
Reduction formula can obtain the number concentration of the real-time particulate matter of different-grain diameter and be obtained according to scaling method unified with official's unit
Mass concentration, sensor has DAC simulation output pins, PM2.5 concentration range 0-1000 μ g/m3Corresponding analog voltage 0-
2V, is connected in DSP A1 in A/D module by pin and samples pin, real-time dust in air can be drawn by being handled by sequential operation
Concentration.
(2) voltage sensor
Using CHV-10000V Hall voltage sensors, this sensor can accurately measure original edge voltage value, by original
Side and the setting of secondary resistance, can change secondary voltage output area, since the present invention needs, when original edge voltage is 0-
During 10000V, it is 0-3V that secondary voltage, which corresponds to output,.Secondary voltage pin is connected in DSP A2 in A/D module and samples pin, together
Sample can obtain original edge voltage instantaneous value by data processing and primary side secondary corresponding voltage proportionate relationship.
(3) liquid-crystal display section
Liquid crystal display mainly selects the dot matrix LCD display module of the 320*240 of LCM320240 models, working power
3.3V, it is compatible with DSP.The functional configuration of I/O mouths and the work of LCD that DSP is connected with LCD are configured during program initialization
Make the setting of mode and display pattern, liquid crystal display and the sequential coupling of DSP are mainly completed during control, according to
The time-scale and sequence diagram of LCM320240 can be write out controls program with the DSP of sequential coupling.As perform function element,
Can PM2.5 concentration in real-time display room, user can understand indoor PM2.5 pollution situations in real time.
5th, control section of the invention is introduced
(1) type selecting of processor
This patent central processing unit selects digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F28335 chips, its clock frequency can
Up to 150MHz, possess the core design of 1.8V/3.3V and the I/O mouths design of 3.3V, be 32 higher bit CPUs of performance.The design
System applies two of which module emphatically：ADC module and ePWM modules.
1. ADC module：DSPAD sampling modules sampling precision is 12, and AD sampling channels have 16, pass through analog/digital conversion
Work, the voltage in the range of 0-3V can accurately be measured.Most fast sampling time 80ns, can export electricity to sensor
Press signal to carry out conversion process, comply fully with the system design requirement.
2. ePWM modules：PWM module is reinforced module in 28335, is controlled using task manager.6 are shared, there is 12
A PWM output pins, can individually adjust output waveform duty cycle, comply fully with the design demand.
(2) the pressure regulation part of collecting plate
Collecting plate voltage regulating part point is mainly controlled using voltage-dropping type chopper circuit-BUCK circuits.Circuit and its open up
It is as shown in Figure 3 to flutter structure；V in figureinIt is the 8000V high-voltage DC power supplies generated by power unit, S is device for power switching, and D is
Fly-wheel diode, L, C are respectively inductance and capacitance, VOIt is then the DC voltage being connected between collecting plate positive and negative anodes, that is, is added in collection
The voltage at dirt plate both ends.According to BUCK circuit characteristics, voltage V between collecting plateOWith supply voltage VinWith following relation：
Vo=DVin (1)
D exports PWM waveform duty cycle for DSP in formula, and range intervals are [0,1].Voltage-controlled system is powered on for collecting plate, it is actual
On be control to the PWM duty cycle of power device in BUCK circuits, such as the target voltage on collecting plate is 4000V, according to
Formula (1), then it is 50% that need to only control PWM duty cycle D, and when the indoor pollution index of detection is serious pollution, only need
It is 100% to control PWM duty cycle, i.e. power switch is operated in constantly on state.
GB/T 3095-2012《Ambient air quality》In pollution index corresponded to the average daily concentration of China PM2.5 divide
Level, as shown in table 1：
Table 1
| PM2.5 concentration (μ g/m3) | ＜ 75 | 75~115 | 115~150 | ＞ 150 |
| Pollution index | Well | Slight pollution | Intermediate pollution | Serious pollution |
The present invention controls collecting plate voltage according to the classification, corresponding between PM2.5 concentration and collecting plate both end voltage
Relation is as shown in table 2：
Table 2
| PM2.5 concentration (μ g/m3) | ＜ 75 | 75~115 | 115~150 | ＞ 150 |
| Collecting plate target voltage (V) | 0 | 4000 | 6000 | 8000 |
According to PM2.5 concentration sensors, indoor PM2.5 concentration 0-1000 μ g/m3Respective sensor exports analog voltage, i.e.,
DSP input analog voltage 0-2V, then PM2.5 concentration is in 75 μ g/m3、115μg/m3、150μg/m3When correspond to DSP input simulation electricity
Pressure is respectively 0.15V, 0.23V, 0.3V.According to formula 1 and table 2, DSP input analog voltages and the theoretical duty such as table 3 of output
It is shown：
Table 3
But in practical applications, due to the reason such as environment and device working status, the theoretical duty cycle of DSP outputs is simultaneously
It cannot make to export target voltage on collecting plate, in order to realize that exporting target voltage on collecting plate reaches stable state, it is necessary to carry out
Voltage Feedback controls.In the present invention, voltage feedback controller selects conventional PID controllers.But due to the differential control in PID
System is mainly used in Inert systems more at a slow speed, and one advanced controlled quentity controlled variable is provided for it, but the system be not with compared with
Big hysteresis characteristic, so selecting voltage PI controllers to carry out the adjusting of collecting plate voltage in the selection of controller.Reference
Fig. 3, Vo is the voltage for being added in collecting plate both ends in figure, its course of work is following (since CPU is selected at digital signal in the present invention
Manage device DSP) then：
(1) in DSP program processes, according to current indoor PM2.5 concentration scales, DSP can calculate collecting plate mesh
Magnitude of voltage Vref is marked, voltage acquisition is carried out voltage collecting plate at this time, obtains current AD sample cycle (kth cycle) collecting plate
Target voltage values and actual voltage value are carried out mathematic interpolation Vref-Vo by virtual voltage Vo.Obtain current period voltage difference
error(k).When proceeding to next cycle, error (k), which then becomes, automatically saves into a periodic voltage difference e rror (k-1),
Current period voltage difference error (k) and upper periodic voltage difference e rror (k-1) are made the difference again, draw integration differential Δ
error。
(2) conventional PI control device is applied in DSP programme-control, by voltage difference error (k), integration differential Δ error
PI controllers are inputed to, wherein PI controllers are divided into two kinds of forms of position model and increment type, and increment type PI requires executing agency's tool
There is the accumulation function of controlled quentity controlled variable, it is contemplated that the actual conditions of dsp operation, Procedure for selection of the present invention are relatively easy to the increment type realized
PI controllers, shown in its work formula such as formula (2)：
Δ u (k)=u (k)-u (k-1)=Kp* Δ error+Ki*error (k) (2)
In formula, u (k) is current kth cycle controlled quentity controlled variable, and u (k-1) is (k-1) cycle controlled quentity controlled variable, and Δ u (k) is current the
K cycles controlled quentity controlled variable and (k-1) cycle controlled quentity controlled variable difference, Kp is proportional control factor, and Ki is integral adjustment coefficient.Then formula (2)
It can be write as formula (3) form：
U (k)=u (k-1)+Kp* Δ error+Ki*error (k) (3)
(3) u (k) is transported to PWM modulation module inside DSP, generates PWM waveform, PWM waveform duty cycle can be with this time
Collecting plate virtual voltage is adjusted, and is stablized in target voltage values.Such as when target voltage is consistent with virtual voltage, electricity
Pressure difference error (k) and integration differential Δ error will be 0 at the same time, and PWM waveform duty cycle is theoretical duty cycle (detail parameters
With reference to table 3).When virtual voltage is less than target voltage, then error (k)>0,u(k)>U (k-1), i.e. PWM duty cycle will be lifted, directly
It is equal to target voltage to virtual voltage.Conversely, when virtual voltage is more than target voltage, PWM duty cycle will reduce, and make final dust
Plate voltage is equal to target voltage.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage, it is characterised in that including BUCK circuits control unit (3), display circuit
(5), laser PM2.5 sensors (6), voltage sensor (9) and DSP control system (10)；The BUCK circuits control unit (3) with
Collecting plate (7) is connected；Voltage sensor (9) and DSP control system (10), laser PM2.5 sensors (6), display circuit (5) that
This is connected；Power supply (2) with upper-part to being powered.
A kind of 2. adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the power supply (2)
It is divided into heavy-current control module and vulnerabilities scan module；The heavy-current control module is adjusted for the voltage on collecting plate (7), by
220V AC voltage is powered, and by high frequency oscillation circuit-booster circuit-voltage doubling rectifing circuit, exports 8000V high voltage direct currents；
The vulnerabilities scan module is straight using the effectively S-100-5 power module of voltage regulation of output 5V DC voltages and effectively output 3.3V
The AMS1117-3.3V power module of voltage regulation of galvanic electricity pressure.
A kind of 3. adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the DSP controls
System (10) is in hardware circuit using the TMS320F28335 chips comprising ADC module and ePWM modules and its corresponding minimum system
System circuit, uses increment type PI controllers in software algorithm.
A kind of 4. adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the laser
PM2.5 sensors use ZH03A laser dust sensors.
A kind of 5. dust removal method of the adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
1) target voltage values are calculated, target voltage are calculated by DSP control system (10), i.e., dsp chip is according to laser PM2.5
The current indoor PM2.5 concentration scales that sensor (6) measures, calculate collecting plate (7) target voltage values Vref；
2) voltage acquisition, DSP control system (10) and meanwhile by voltage sensor (9) collecting plate voltage carry out voltage adopt
Collection, obtains the AD sampling period collecting plate virtual voltages Vo in current kth cycle；
3) voltage compares, and target voltage values and actual voltage value are carried out mathematic interpolation Vref-Vo by DSP control system (10), are obtained
To current period voltage difference error (k)；When proceeding to next cycle, error (k), which then becomes, automatically saves into a cycle
Voltage difference error (k-1), by current period voltage difference error (k) with upper periodic voltage difference e rror (k-1) again
Make the difference, draw integration differential Δ error；Voltage difference error (k), integration differential Δ error are inputed to inside DSP programs
Increment type PI controllers, its work formula are as follows：
Δ u (k)=u (k)-u (k-1)=Kp* Δ error+Ki*error (k)
In formula, u (k) is current kth cycle controlled quentity controlled variable, and u (k-1) is (k-1) cycle controlled quentity controlled variable, and Δ u (k) is current kth week
Phase controlled quentity controlled variable and (k-1) cycle controlled quentity controlled variable difference, Kp is proportional control factor, and Ki is integral adjustment coefficient, and aforementioned formula can
By write as it is following in the form of：
U (k)=u (k-1)+Kp* Δ error+Ki*error (k)
4) circuit board voltage is adjusted, u (k) is transported to PWM modulation module inside DSP by DSP control system (10), generates PWM ripples
Shape, at this time PWM waveform duty cycle be adjusted by BUCK circuits with the change of collecting plate virtual voltage, stablized in target
Magnitude of voltage；When target voltage is consistent with virtual voltage, voltage difference error (k) and integration differential Δ error will be 0 at the same time,
PWM waveform duty cycle is theoretical duty cycle；When virtual voltage is less than target voltage, then error (k)>0,u(k)>u(k-1),
I.e. PWM duty cycle will be lifted, until virtual voltage is equal to target voltage；Conversely, when virtual voltage is more than target voltage, PWM is accounted for
Empty ratio will reduce, and final collecting plate voltage is equal to target voltage.
A kind of 6. dust removal method of the adjustable electrostatic precipitator of voltage according to claim 5, it is characterised in that step
It is rapid 1) in, PM2.5 concentration values and the correspondence of target voltage Vref that laser PM2.5 sensors (6) detect are：PM2.5
Concentration is less than 75 μ g/m3Corresponding target voltage Vref is 0V；PM2.5 concentration is between more than or equal to 75 μ g/m3And it is less than 115 μ
g/m3Between, corresponding target voltage Vref is 4000V；PM2.5 concentration is between more than or equal to 115 μ g/m3And it is less than 150 μ g/
m3Between, corresponding target voltage Vref is 6000V；PM2.5 concentration is more than 150 μ g/m3When, corresponding target voltage Vref is
8000V。
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