CN107868108B - 一种有机钼盐及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种有机钼盐及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107868108B CN107868108B CN201610862816.4A CN201610862816A CN107868108B CN 107868108 B CN107868108 B CN 107868108B CN 201610862816 A CN201610862816 A CN 201610862816A CN 107868108 B CN107868108 B CN 107868108B
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- organic molybdenum
- molybdenum salt
- molybdenum
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- reaction
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- 150000002751 molybdenum Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- -1 molybdenum ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- JGHZJRVDZXSNKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OC JGHZJRVDZXSNKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- TVQGDYNRXLTQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCC TVQGDYNRXLTQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamyl acetate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(C)=O MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WJTCHBVEUFDSIK-NWDGAFQWSA-N (2r,5s)-1-benzyl-2,5-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CN[C@@H](C)CN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 WJTCHBVEUFDSIK-NWDGAFQWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZSDQQJHSRVEGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6-amino-1h-indol-3-yl)acetonitrile Chemical compound NC1=CC=C2C(CC#N)=CNC2=C1 ZSDQQJHSRVEGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ICMAFTSLXCXHRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)OCC ICMAFTSLXCXHRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940072049 amyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous amyl acetate Natural products CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940117955 isoamyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HNBDRPTVWVGKBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentanoic acid methyl ester Natural products CCCCC(=O)OC HNBDRPTVWVGKBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YYZUSRORWSJGET-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC YYZUSRORWSJGET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FGPPDYNPZTUNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CCCC FGPPDYNPZTUNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WRFZKAGPPQGDDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeryl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC WRFZKAGPPQGDDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
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- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F11/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 6 or 16 of the Periodic Table
- C07F11/005—Compounds containing elements of Groups 6 or 16 of the Periodic Table compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C213/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C213/06—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from hydroxy amines by reactions involving the etherification or esterification of hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C219/00—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C219/02—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C219/04—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C219/06—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having the hydroxy groups esterified by carboxylic acids having the esterifying carboxyl groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2227/09—Complexes with metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
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Abstract
一种有机钼盐及其制备方法,该有机钼盐是一种钼胺络合物,含有+6价钼离子、与钼离子结合的酰基、以及与所述的酰基中烃基结合的胺基,其中钼的质量分数为该有机钼盐的10%~30%。本发明提供的有机钼盐作为渣油加氢工艺的催化剂前体,加氢转化率高,同时,该化合物具有优良的抗磨减摩性能和良好的金属缓蚀性,能够作为水溶润滑油添加剂使用。水溶性有机钼盐的制备方法简单,合成路径无毒、环保,产物分离简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种含钼有机物及其制备方法,更具体地说,涉及一种有机钼盐组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着石油开采的深度不断增加,油田开采出的原油日益重质化、劣质化,这类原油中含有的硫、氮、金属含量高,残炭值高,采用常规的固定床加氢、催化裂化等装置难以加工这类原油。与此同时,人们对轻质油品的需求越来越大,在这种情况下,对重质原油进行深加工,提高资源的利用率成为人们日益关注的问题。重油加工技术分为两类:脱碳和加氢,为了进一步提高轻油收率,加氢工艺在重质油加工领域起着越来越重要的作用。加氢工艺包括固定床、移动床、沸腾床、浆液床工艺,其中,固定床加氢技术发展最成熟,但其对原料的适应性差,加工高金属、高残炭的原料时,会加速催化剂的失活,造成大量生焦。而浆液床对原料的适应性好,能够处理高硫、高金属、高残炭的劣质原料,具有较好的发展前景。早期开发的渣油浆液床加氢工艺主要采用固体颗粒或添加物为催化剂,如煤粉、硫酸亚铁、矿石粉、等,这类催化剂为加氢活性较低的矿物,催化剂加入量较大,导致尾渣量大,固含量高,难以处理。浆液床工艺常用分散型催化剂,分散型催化剂是分散在重油中的粒径非常小(亚微米级)的金属硫化物颗粒,由于催化剂在重油中分散度高,催化剂颗粒活化氢和饱和大分子自由基的能力大大增强,这些催化前驱体与渣油混合,并在一定氢压下受热形成悬浮的硫化物型催化剂,这些催化剂的前驱体主要为水溶性和油溶性两类。随着浆液床渣油加氢工艺的发展,工艺过程中使用的催化剂的加氢活性和成本成为影响工艺操作成本的重要因素。水溶性钼系化合物成本低于油溶性钼系催化剂,在加氢过程中在较低的用量下具有较好的加氢活性。
水溶性催化剂主要有水溶性机金属化合物,这一类化合物也属于水溶性润滑油添加剂,近年来,鉴于水溶性润滑油添加剂的发展和应用,水溶性润滑油添加剂的研究取得了一定的进展,这种润滑剂主要用于切削、拉拔、磨削、轧制等金属加工过程及液压传动领域。水溶性有机钼化合物具有较好的加氢活性,因此逐渐的被用于渣油加氢和煤炭加氢领域。作为催化剂前驱体,水溶性有机钼盐使用过程中,一般首先将金属化合物水溶液通过剪切乳化分散到渣油中去,然后脱水、硫化,形成含有硫化后的金属催化剂的原料渣油,金属Mo的加氢活性要高于其它过渡金属,如Ni、V、Co等。
专利CN1360013A公开了一种水溶性有机钼极压、抗磨、减磨添加剂,主要含有油酸、二乙醇胺钼酸、油酸二乙醇胺硫代磷酸酯,通过利用油酸、二乙醇胺、硫代磷酸酯、钼酸反应,制备得到棕色粘稠液体产物,该产物能用于水基润滑体系,对其能否用于渣油加氢及其性能并未阐述,同时,由于该体系中含有硫、磷元素,不利于渣油加氢过程中大规模的生产和使用。专利CN104667954A公开了一种利用富钼矿石制备的水溶性钼酸铵的方法,主要是将精选的的富钼矿石加入过量的NH4OH溶液中,反应后经过处理得到一种淡绿色的水溶性钼酸铵,该水溶性钼酸铵能用于渣油加氢,但是该水溶性钼酸铵催化剂颗粒直径为3.0~4.5mm,颗粒直径较大,在反应过程中不利于溶解分散,不适用于浆液床加氢工艺。CN1053460A公开了一种用于重、渣油催化加氢的分散性催化剂,主要是将Mo、Ni等金属氧化物或者无机盐在酸性条件下溶于水,制备成含金属2~15%的水溶液,然后将该水溶液乳化分散到重、渣油中,再进入悬浮床加氢反应器。混合进料在5~20MPa,380~460℃条件下进行加氢反应,可以在基本不生焦的情况下,得到70%以上的轻质油收率,但是该催化剂组成中含有磷元素,浆液床渣油加氢装置中,用量较大,在生产和使用过程中难以满足日益苛刻的节能环保要求。
现有的水溶性有机钼盐主要应用于润滑领域,但是已经开发的水溶性有机钼盐大多存在由于硫磷等化合物存在导致的腐蚀问题及环保问题。水溶性催化剂具有较好的催化加氢性能、价格较便宜、容易制备等优点,能够降低浆液床渣油加氢工艺的操作成本,但是水溶性分散型在渣油中的分散状况会直接影响到催化剂的硫化状态及催化剂在反应过程中的活性。因此,开发具有更佳水溶性、在渣油中能够均匀分散的无硫磷水溶性有机钼盐对浆液床渣油加氢工艺具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的要解决的技术问题之一是提供一种有机钼盐,经过预硫化后在重油临氢热转化过程中表现出优异的加氢性能。本发明要解决的技术问题之二是提供一种制备上述有机钼盐的制备方法。
本发明提供的一种有机钼盐化合物,该有机钼盐是一种钼胺络合物,含有+6价钼离子、与钼离子结合的酰基、以及与所述的酰基中烃基结合的胺基,其中钼的质量分数为该有机钼盐的10%~30%。
上述有机钼盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将C6~C18的酯与醇胺化合物在90℃~150℃下反应后降温至30~70℃;
(2)将六价钼源化合物溶解在溶剂中,溶剂与六价钼源化合物的质量比为(0.5~5):1,然后加入碱性溶液,碱与六价钼源化合物的质量比为(0.01~0.1):1,所述的溶剂为苯、甲苯、水、乙醇或石油醚;
(3)将步骤(2)的溶液加入到步骤(1)反应后的溶液中,在温度为50~100℃条件下反应,然后再升温至100~150℃条件下反应;
(4)将反应产物进行萃取分离,分离后得到下层液体为有机钼盐。
一种有机钼盐催化渣油加氢的方法,在渣油加氢过程中,以上述的有机钼盐作为催化剂前躯体,其加量占渣油进料的质量分数为0.01%-0.3%。
本发明提供的有机钼盐的有益效果为:
本发明提供的有机钼盐为水溶性有机钼盐,能够作为浆液床渣油加氢工艺的催化剂前体,与渣油、乳化剂乳化分散后形成乳液,在加热和反应条件下催化剂前体不产生沉降和析出,通过汽提破乳除去水分后,预硫化形成的催化剂能够在原料油中均匀分散,避免了催化剂的聚集,从而提高了加氢转化率。同时,该化合物具有优良的抗磨减摩性能和良好的金属缓蚀性,能够作为水溶润滑油添加剂使用。
本发明提供的有机钼盐的制备方法的有益效果为:
本发明提供的有机钼盐的制备方法简单,该化合物合成路径无毒、环保,该化合物具有极好的水溶稳定性,反应过程转化率高,合成过程中产物分离简单。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种无硫无磷类有机钼盐,该有机钼盐具有良好的水溶性和较高的金属含量,同时该有机钼盐在重油临氢热裂化过程中能够均匀分散在渣油中,在加氢过程中表现出优异的抑焦性能。
本发明提供一种有机钼盐,该有机钼盐是一种钼胺络合物,含有+6价钼离子、与钼离子结合的酰基、以及与所述的酰基中烃基结合的胺基,其中钼的质量分数为该有机钼盐的10%~30%。
上述有机钼盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将C6~C18的酯与醇胺化合物在90℃~150℃下反应后降温至30~70℃;
(2)将六价钼源化合物溶解在溶剂中,溶剂与六价钼源化合物的质量比为(0.5~5):1,然后加入碱性溶液,碱与六价钼源化合物的质量比为(0.01~0.1):1,所述的溶剂为苯、甲苯、水、水、乙醇或石油醚;
(3)将步骤(2)的溶液加入到步骤(1)反应后的溶液中,在温度为50~100℃条件下反应,然后再升温至100~150℃条件下反应;
(4)将反应产物进行萃取分离,分离后得到下层液体为有机钼盐。
本发明提供的有机钼盐的制备方法,优选地,步骤(1)C6~C18的酯与六价钼源化合物的摩尔比为(2~8):1;醇胺化合物与六价钼源化合物的摩尔比为(2~8):1。优选地,将C6~C18的酯与醇胺化合物在90℃~150℃下反应1~6小时后降温至30~70℃备用。
步骤(2)将六价钼源溶解在溶剂中,溶剂与六价钼源化合物的质量比为(0.5~5):1,然后在中加入碱性溶液,碱与六价钼源的质量比为(0.01~0.1):1,所述的溶剂为苯、甲苯、水、乙醇或石油醚。
然后步骤(3)将步骤(2)的溶液加入到步骤(1)反应后的溶液中,优选地,添加时间为2~40min,添加过程中不断搅拌,添加完毕后,在温度为50~100℃条件下反应2~7小时后;再升温至100~150℃条件下反应1~6小时。
最后步骤(4)将反应产物进行萃取分离,分离后得到下层蓝色粘稠液体为合成的水溶性有机钼盐。
本发明提供的有机钼盐的制备方法中,所述C6~C18的酯选自乙酸丁酯、辛酸甲酯、醋酸戊酯、戊酸戊酯、丁酸乙酯、乙酸异戊酯、庚酸乙酯、戊酸甲酯、己酸戊酯、辛酸乙酯和戊酸乙酯中的一种或几种的混合物。所述六价钼源化合物选自钼酸、钼酸铵、仲钼酸铵和三氧化钼中的一种或多种。
本发明提供的有机钼盐的制备方法中,所述碱性溶液选自碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠水溶液。
一种有机钼盐催化渣油加氢的方法,在渣油加氢过程中,以上述的有机钼盐作为催化剂前躯体,其加量占渣油进料的质量分数为0.01%-0.3%。
本发明提供的有机钼盐能够作为渣油加氢裂化的催化剂前躯体,预硫化后能够均匀分散在渣油中,具有较好的加氢性能。本发明提供的有机钼盐的制备方法简单,水溶性好,反应过程转化率高,产物无需过滤步骤。
下面的实施例将对本发明提供的方法予以进一步的说明,但并不因此而限制本发明。
实施例以及对比例中所使用的各原料均为国药集团化学试剂有限公司产品。实施例及对比例中使用的渣油原料性质见表1。
实施例1
1)将将庚酸乙酯预热至65℃,向庚酸乙酯中加入二乙基乙醇胺,庚酸乙酯与三氧化钼摩尔比等于4:1,二乙基乙醇胺与三氧化钼按照摩尔比等于4:1,于140℃下反应3小时后降温至60℃备用;2)在三氧化钼中加入溶剂分散,溶剂与三氧化钼的质量比为4:1,然后滴加氢氧化钠溶液,氢氧化钠与三氧化钼的质量比为0.05:1;3)将2)的溶液加入到1)得到的产物中,添加时间20分钟,添加过程中,不断搅拌,添加完毕后,在温度为90℃条件下反应3小时;然后再升温至115℃条件下反应2小时;反应结束后,将得到的反应产物进行萃取分离,分离后得到下层蓝色粘稠液体即为所合成的有机钼盐。
采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法对产物进行金属含量分析(分析方法GB/T 17476等效标准ASTMD 5185-95),分析结果,产物中钼含量为18.8wt%。溶解性见表2。所得产物的红外谱图见图1,从图1可见,在3300-3500cm-1附近有N-H的伸缩振动峰,1650cm-1附近有N-H的变形振动谱带,在930cm-1、840cm-1附近有Mo(O)的吸收峰。
实施例2
1)将辛酸甲酯预热至80℃,向辛酸甲酯中加入2,2'-二羟基二乙胺,辛酸甲酯与钼酸按照摩尔比等于4:1,2,2'-二羟基二乙胺与钼酸按照摩尔比等于5:1,于120℃下反应7小时后降温至40℃备用;2)在钼酸中加入溶剂分散,溶剂与三氧化钼的质量比为3:1,然后滴加氢氧化钠溶液,氢氧化钠与钼酸的质量比为0.08:1;3)将2)的溶液加入到1)得到的产物中,添加时间40分钟,添加过程中,不断搅拌,添加完毕后,在温度为90℃条件下反应4小时;然后再升温至110℃条件下反应2小时;反应结束后,将得到的反应产物进行萃取分离,分离后得到下层蓝色粘稠液体即为所合成的有机钼盐。
对产物进行金属含量分析,采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法(分析方法GB/T17476等效标准ASTMD 5185-95),分析结果,产物中钼含量为28.5wt%。溶解性见表2。所得产物的红外谱图见图2。从图2可见,在3300-3500cm-1附近有N-H的伸缩振动峰,1650cm-1附近有N-H的变形振动谱带,在930cm-1、840cm-1附近有Mo(O)的吸收峰。
对比例1
1)将辛酸甲酯预热至80℃,向辛酸甲酯中加入2,2'-二羟基二乙胺,辛酸甲酯与钼酸按照摩尔比等于5:1,2,2'-二羟基二乙胺与钼酸按照摩尔比等于5:1,于130℃下反应7小时;2)将钼酸中滴加氢氧化钠溶液,溶解温度为50℃,溶解分散完全;3)将2)的溶液加入到1)得到的产物中,添加时间40分钟,添加过程中,不断搅拌,添加完毕后,在温度为120℃条件下反应3小时;然后再降温至90℃条件下反应3小时;反应结束后,反应底部出现固相沉积。
对产物进行金属含量分析,分析结果,产物中钼含量为5.7wt%。溶解性见表2。
实施例3
实施例3中使用的渣油性质见表1。称取350g渣油,预热至90℃后加入500μg·g-1的乳化剂,然后滴加200μg·g-1的实施例1制备的有机钼盐溶液,滴加过程中不断搅拌,滴加完毕后搅拌分散30分钟,再加入硫化钠水溶液,升温至110℃搅拌40分钟,然后升温至150℃气提除去水分,预硫化后在反应温度430℃,反应氢初压9MPa,反应时间1h下进行加氢反应,反应后的产物通过气相色谱法测定原油沸程分布的标准试验方法(分析方法ASTM D5307)测定反应后产物分布见表3。
实施例4
实施例4中使用的渣油性质见表1。称取350g渣油,预热至90℃后加入500μg·g-1的乳化剂,然后滴加200μg·g-1的实施例2中制备的水溶性有机钼盐溶液,滴加过程中不断搅拌,滴加完毕后搅拌分散30分钟,再加入硫化钠水溶液,升温至110℃搅拌40分钟,然后升温至150℃气提除去水分,预硫化后在反应温度430℃,反应氢初压9MPa,反应时间1小时下进行加氢反应,反应后的产物测定反应后产物分布见表3。
对比例2
对比例2中使用的渣油原料同实施例4。反应条件均同实施例4,然后加入200μg·g-1的仲钼酸铵,反应后的产物测定反应后产物分布见表3。
表1渣油性质
项目 | 渣油 |
密度(20℃),g·cm<sup>-3</sup> | 1.0287 |
C含量,wt% | 84.03 |
H含量,wt% | 10.01 |
N<sub>H</sub>/N<sub>C</sub> | 1.43 |
S含量,wt% | 4.8 |
N含量,wt% | 0.36 |
残炭值,wt% | 23.2 |
灰分,wt% | 0.068 |
四组分,wt% | |
饱和分 | 9.6 |
芳香分 | 52.7 |
胶质 | 24.8 |
沥青质 | 12.9 |
Ni含量,μg·g<sup>-1</sup> | 51 |
V含量,μg·g<sup>-1</sup> | 103 |
馏程,℃ | |
初馏点,℃ | 476 |
5%,℃ | 517 |
表2合成有机钼的溶解性
实施编号 | 钼在水中的质量分数/% | 水中溶解性 | 外观 |
实施例1 | 10 | 完全溶解 | 蓝色粘稠液体 |
实施例2 | 5 | 完全溶解 | 蓝色粘稠液体 |
对比例1 | 5 | 不能完全溶解 | 蓝灰色固液混合物 |
表3加氢反应后产物性质
产物分布 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 对比例2 |
气体,wt% | 4.95 | 4.69 | 7.68 |
~180℃,wt% | 11.64 | 16.62 | 7.94 |
180~350℃,wt% | 29.41 | 28.37 | 23.52 |
350~524℃,wt% | 39.68 | 35.98 | 39.75 |
>524℃,wt% | 12.15 | 12.04 | 18.13 |
甲苯不溶物,wt% | 2.17 | 2.3 | 2.98 |
由实施例及表3可见,本发明提供的水溶性有机钼盐经预硫化后用于劣质重油加氢裂化反应转化率高,轻油收率高。产物分布中,与对比例2相比汽油收率提高3.70~8.68个百分点,柴油收率提高4.85~5.89个百分点,甲苯不溶物降低0.68~0.81个百分点。
Claims (9)
1.一种有机钼盐的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将C6~C18的酯与醇胺化合物在90℃~150℃下反应后降温至30~70℃,所述的醇胺化合物为二乙基乙醇胺和/或二乙醇胺;
(2)将六价钼源化合物溶解在溶剂中,溶剂与六价钼源化合物的质量比为(0.5~5):1,然后加入碱性溶液,碱与六价钼源化合物的质量比为(0.01~0.1):1,所述的溶剂为苯、甲苯、水、乙醇或石油醚;
(3)将步骤(2)的溶液加入到步骤(1)反应后的溶液中,在温度为50~100℃条件下反应,然后再升温至100~150℃条件下反应;
(4)将反应产物进行萃取分离,分离后得到下层液体为有机钼盐。
2.按照权利要求1所述的有机钼盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中C6~C18的酯与六价钼源化合物的摩尔比为(2~8):1;醇胺化合物与六价钼源化合物的摩尔比为(2~8):1;步骤(2)中溶剂与六价钼源化合物的质量比为(0.5~4):1。
3.按照权利要求1所述的有机钼盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的C6~C18的酯选自乙酸丁酯、辛酸甲酯、醋酸戊酯、戊酸戊酯、丁酸乙酯、乙酸异戊酯、庚酸乙酯、戊酸甲酯、己酸戊酯、辛酸乙酯和戊酸乙酯中的一种或几种。
4.按照权利要求1所述的有机钼盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的碱性溶液选自碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠的水溶液。
5.按照权利要求1所述的有机钼盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的六价钼源化合物选自钼酸、钼酸铵、仲钼酸铵和三氧化钼中的一种或多种。
6.按照权利要求1所述的有机钼盐的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)在90℃~150℃下反应1~6小时,然后降温到40℃-70℃下备用。
7.按照权利要求1所述的有机钼盐的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)在温度为50~100℃条件下反应2~7小时;然后再升温至100~150℃条件下反应1~6小时。
8.一种有机钼盐,由权利要求1-7中任一种有机钼盐的制备方法制备。
9.一种有机钼盐催化渣油加氢的方法,其特征在于,在渣油加氢过程中,以权利要求8所述的有机钼盐作为催化剂前躯体,其加量占渣油进料的质量分数为0.01%-0.3%。
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