CN107860890A - A kind of sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method - Google Patents
A kind of sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107860890A CN107860890A CN201711070085.0A CN201711070085A CN107860890A CN 107860890 A CN107860890 A CN 107860890A CN 201711070085 A CN201711070085 A CN 201711070085A CN 107860890 A CN107860890 A CN 107860890A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method.This method includes：Obtain sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information and sloping upland grade information；Obtain the moisture with positional information in sloping upland topsoil soils；Obtain sloping upland topsoil soils structural information；Dot map analysis is carried out to multiple moistures with positional information, determines the moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils；The rainfall of different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls is simulated, determines the sloping upland topsoil soils rainfall erosion factor；Determine sloping upland topsoil soils number of dropouts.The present invention passes through simulated rainfall and simulation dot map analysis under the conditions of lossless, and introduce sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information, sloping upland grade information and sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, sloping upland topsoil soils number of dropouts is reliably accurately simply determined, it is big so as to solve the problems, such as in the prior art to measure soil loss amount existing measurement error.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil quality diagnostic field, more particularly relates to a kind of sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis side
Method.
Background technology
Sloping upland is one of important cultivated land resource type of China.Topsoil refers to that the mankind for crop culture, utilize instrument
The depth layer disturbed to soil, it is the important prerequisite condition for improving soil productivity that topsoil, which is cultivated,.Agricultural Soil Environment matter
The correct diagnosis and evaluation of amount situation, be to maintain soil ecosystem benign cycle, maintain the important management of soil productivity according to
According to, and the premise of the production of non-polluted farm product.Therefore, it is preventing and treating slope that objective evaluation is carried out to sloping upland topsoil soils quality
Plough topsoil erosive degradation, ensure the continual and steady important foundation of sloping upland fertility, to ensure national food security and
Ecological safety is significant.
Sloping upland has that breaking topography, severe water and soil erosion, topsoil quality degradation be obvious, agriculture compared with basic arable land
The low and unstable particularity of crop yield.The soil erosion is to cause sloping upland topsoil soils quality degradation and soil productivity unstable
Key factor, and different soils structure has a significant impact to the moisture in soil and solute migration, i.e., to soil stability
There is considerable influence, soil quality is embodied by soil losses and soil stability.Soil loss amount is surveyed in the prior art
The problem of measurement error is big existing for amount.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method, to solve to exist in the prior art
The problem of soil quality diagnostic result reliability is low.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method, including：
Obtain sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information and sloping upland grade information；
By the multiple monitoring soil moisture devices being embedded in sloping upland topsoil, the band in sloping upland topsoil soils is obtained
The moisture of positional information；Wherein, monitoring soil moisture device, including：Netted box body, waterproof box body, soil moisture sensing
Device, data acquisition device and positioner；The side and bottom surface of the netted box body are network structure, and the waterproof box body is set
In the netted tray interior, the soil moisture sensor is arranged on the netted tray interior, and the data acquisition
Device and the positioner are arranged on inside the waterproof box body；
IMAQ is carried out to sloping upland topsoil soils section by X-ray machine, obtains sloping upland topsoil soils structural information；
Wherein, the sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, including：Size, shape and the space arrangement of solid particle；
Dot map analysis is carried out to multiple moistures with positional information, with reference to sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland
Topsoil dimension information, sloping upland grade information and sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, determine the water in sloping upland topsoil soils
Componental movement rule；
The rainfall of different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls is simulated, the moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils
Rule, determines soil erosion speed and the soil erosion amount under different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls；According to different rainfall intensities
With the soil erosion speed and soil erosion amount under different rainfalls, the sloping upland topsoil soils rainfall erosion factor is determined；
According to the product of the sloping upland topsoil soils rainfall erosion factor, sloping upland slope factor and sloping upland slope length factor,
Determine sloping upland topsoil soils number of dropouts.
Preferably, the sloping upland topsoil structural information is that sloping upland topsoil lays information.
Preferably, the sloping upland topsoil dimension information, including：Topsoil width, depth and length.
Preferably, the network structure sieves for the lucite of holey organic resin material.
Preferably, the data acquisition device electrically connects with the moisture transducer, and the data acquisition device and institute
Positioner is stated with calculating mechatronics.
Preferably, the output end of the X-ray machine electrically connects with the input port of computer.
Preferably, multiple monitoring soil moisture devices by being embedded in sloping upland topsoil, obtain sloping upland and plough
The moisture with positional information in layer soil；Specifically include：
According to sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information and sloping upland grade information, by multiple soil
Moisture monitoring device is embedded in sloping upland topsoil according to the netted form of rational density；
Positional information in the moisture with positional information, judge the change that monitoring soil moisture device is subjected to displacement
The variable quantity that change amount and monitoring soil moisture device are subjected to displacement is more than the quantity of displacement preset value；When the quantity is more than in advance
If during quantitative value, local again embedding monitoring soil moisture device or overall again embedding monitoring soil moisture device.
Preferably, the rainfall for simulating different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls, according in sloping upland topsoil soils
Moisture movement rule, determine different rainfall intensities and the soil erosion speed and soil erosion amount of different rainfalls；Specifically include：
According to sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, sloping upland topsoil soils are divided into granule, fine sand, coarse dust, fine powder
Grain and organic matter, while the moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils, determine that each soil types is strong in different rainfalls
Shifter factor under degree and different rainfalls；
According to the shifter factor of each soil types, the soil erosion speed under different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls is determined
And soil erosion amount.
In the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kind of sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method, compared with prior art, it has
Beneficial effect is：The present invention combines sloping upland by monitoring the moisture with positional information of sloping upland topsoil soils in real time
Topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information, sloping upland grade information and sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, is being calculated
The dot map analysis of target point, moisture and soil texture, arable land structure and topsoil structure, accurate reliable determination are carried out in machine
Moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils；Then, the moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils, passes through mould
Intend the rainfall of different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls, the soil rainfall erosion factor under the conditions of progress is lossless determines；Finally, root
According to the product of sloping upland slope factor and sloping upland slope length factor, with reference to the sloping upland topsoil soils rainfall erosion factor, slope is determined
Arable land topsoil soils number of dropouts；Because rainfall erosion amount is the principal element of soil erosion amount, soil stability is mainly influenceed, i.e.,
Soil quality is influenceed, therefore, by simulated rainfall and simulation dot map analysis under the conditions of lossless, and sloping upland topsoil structure is believed
Breath, sloping upland topsoil dimension information, sloping upland grade information and sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, which introduce, to be calculated, simple accurate
Sloping upland topsoil soils number of dropouts reliably is determined, presence is measured to soil loss amount in the prior art so as to solve
Measurement error it is big the problem of.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, this method includes：
Step S1, obtain sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information and sloping upland grade information.
It should be noted that the sloping upland topsoil structural information, which is sloping upland topsoil, lays information, such as terraced fields are laid
Structure, imperial field laying structure etc.；The sloping upland topsoil dimension information, including：Topsoil width, depth, length or the gradient.
Step S2, by the multiple monitoring soil moisture devices being embedded in sloping upland topsoil, obtain sloping upland topsoil soil
The moisture with positional information in earth；Wherein, monitoring soil moisture device, including：Netted box body, waterproof box body, soil
Moisture transducer, data acquisition device and positioner；The side and bottom surface of the netted box body are network structure, the waterproof
Box body is arranged on the netted tray interior, and the soil moisture sensor is arranged on the netted tray interior, and described
Data acquisition device and the positioner are arranged on inside the waterproof box body.
It should be noted that the network structure sieves for the lucite of holey organic resin material, soil ensure that
Earth moisture uniformly infiltrates.
It should be noted that the data acquisition device electrically connects with the moisture transducer, and data acquisition dress
Put with the positioner with calculating mechatronics.
Preferably, in the step S2 of the embodiment of the present invention, multiple soil water by being embedded in sloping upland topsoil
Divide monitoring device, obtain the moisture with positional information in sloping upland topsoil soils；Specifically include：
(1) according to sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information and sloping upland grade information, by multiple soil
Earth moisture monitoring device is embedded in sloping upland topsoil according to the netted form of rational density.
(2) positional information in the moisture with positional information, judge that monitoring soil moisture device is subjected to displacement
Variable quantity and the variable quantity that is subjected to displacement of monitoring soil moisture device be more than the quantity of displacement preset value；When the quantity is big
When present count value, local again embedding monitoring soil moisture device or overall again embedding monitoring soil moisture device.
Step S3, IMAQ is carried out to sloping upland topsoil soils section by X-ray machine, obtains sloping upland topsoil soils knot
Structure information；Wherein, the sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, including：Size, shape and the space arrangement of solid particle.
It should be noted that the output end of the X-ray machine electrically connects with the input port of computer.
It should be noted that soil is made up of as a heterogeneous complication system solid phase, liquid and gas；Wherein,
Solid phase forms the skeleton of soil, and its structure is typically to be represented with the size of solid particle, shape and its space arrangement；By
It is different with pore size in the particle for forming soil, it is different, and they are to link together in many ways；Study into
Fruit shows that soil is the complication system for having self-similarity characteristics, i.e. soil has obvious fractal characteristic.Quantitative description soil knot
The abnormal complexity of structure character and the relation of soil water movement and soil texture are extremely important, because soil moisture is transported
It is dynamic to be largely decided by the arrangement mode of soil particle and soil aperture in soil texture and its connect situation.
Step S4, dot map analysis are carried out to multiple moistures with positional information, with reference to sloping upland topsoil structural information,
Sloping upland topsoil dimension information, sloping upland grade information and sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, determine sloping upland topsoil soils
In moisture movement rule.
It should be noted that the moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils is to be walked according to the geographical moisture of arable land form
To curve Butut.
Step S5, the rainfall of different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls is simulated, according to the moisture in sloping upland topsoil soils
The characteristics of motion, determine soil erosion speed and soil erosion amount under different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls；According to different drops
Soil erosion speed and soil erosion amount under raininess degree and different rainfalls, determine the rainfall erosion of sloping upland topsoil soils because
Son.
Preferably, in the step S5 of the embodiment of the present invention, the rainfall for simulating different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls,
Moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils, determine different rainfall intensities and the soil erosion speed of different rainfalls
And soil erosion amount；Specifically include：
(1) according to sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, sloping upland topsoil soils are divided into granule, fine sand, coarse dust, thin
Powder and organic matter, while the moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils, determine each soil types in different rainfalls
Shifter factor under intensity and different rainfalls.
(2) according to the shifter factor of each soil types, the soil erosion under different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls is determined
Speed and soil erosion amount.
Step S6, according to the sloping upland topsoil soils rainfall erosion factor, sloping upland slope factor and sloping upland slope length factor
Product, determine sloping upland topsoil soils number of dropouts.
Wherein, the sloping upland slope factor S, is calculated according to following formula：
θ in above formula is the gradient.
The gradient is classified suggestion：
0 ° -3 °, 3 ° -5 °, 5 ° -8 °, 8 ° -15 °, 15 ° -25 °,>25°
This is grade scale of the Ministry of Water Resources to sloping upland.
Wherein, the sloping upland slope length factor L, is calculated according to following formula：
L=(λ/22.13) m
λ in above formula is domatic projection length of grade；M is the variable that changes with slope change, and m=n/ (1+n), n=
(sinθ/0.0896)/(3.0×sin0.8θ+0.56)。
In summary, the present invention by monitoring the moisture with positional information of sloping upland topsoil soils in real time, and ties
Close sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information, sloping upland grade information and sloping upland topsoil soils structure letter
Breath, the dot map analysis of target point, moisture and soil texture, arable land structure and topsoil structure is carried out in a computer, accurately
The reliable moisture movement rule determined in sloping upland topsoil soils；Then, the moisture movement in sloping upland topsoil soils
Rule, by simulating the rainfall of different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls, the soil rainfall erosion factor under the conditions of progress is lossless
It is determined that；Finally, according to the product of sloping upland slope factor and sloping upland slope length factor, with reference to sloping upland topsoil soils rainfall erosion
The factor, determine sloping upland topsoil soils number of dropouts；It is main to influence soil because rainfall erosion amount is the principal element of soil erosion amount
Earth stability, that is, soil quality is influenceed, therefore, by simulated rainfall and simulation dot map analysis under the conditions of lossless, and slope is ploughed
Ground topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information, sloping upland grade information and sloping upland topsoil soils structural information introduce
Calculate, simply accurately sloping upland topsoil soils number of dropouts is reliably determined, so as to solve in the prior art to soil losses
Amount measures the problem of existing measurement error is big.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can be carried out to the present invention
It is various to change with modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the present invention
Within the scope of claim and its equivalent technologies, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method, it is characterised in that including：Obtain sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information and sloping upland grade information；By the multiple monitoring soil moisture devices being embedded in sloping upland topsoil, the band position in sloping upland topsoil soils is obtained The moisture of information；Wherein, monitoring soil moisture device, including：Netted box body, waterproof box body, soil moisture sensor, number According to harvester and positioner；The side and bottom surface of the netted box body are network structure, and the waterproof box body is arranged on institute Netted tray interior is stated, the soil moisture sensor is arranged on the netted tray interior, and the data acquisition device It is arranged on the positioner inside the waterproof box body；IMAQ is carried out to sloping upland topsoil soils section by X-ray machine, obtains sloping upland topsoil soils structural information；Its In, the sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, including：Size, shape and the space arrangement of solid particle；Dot map analysis is carried out to multiple moistures with positional information, with reference to sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil Dimension information, sloping upland grade information and sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, determine the moisture fortune in sloping upland topsoil soils Dynamic rule；The rainfall of different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls is simulated, the moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils, really Soil erosion speed and soil erosion amount under fixed different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls；According to different rainfall intensities and difference Soil erosion speed and soil erosion amount under rainfall, determine the sloping upland topsoil soils rainfall erosion factor；According to the product of the sloping upland topsoil soils rainfall erosion factor, sloping upland slope factor and sloping upland slope length factor, it is determined that Sloping upland topsoil soils number of dropouts.
- 2. sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the sloping upland topsoil knot Structure information is that sloping upland topsoil lays information.
- 3. sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the sloping upland topsoil chi Very little information, including：Topsoil width, depth and length.
- 4. sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the network structure is more The lucite sieve of hole pattern shape organic resin material.
- 5. sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the data acquisition device Electrically connected with the moisture transducer, and the data acquisition device and the positioner are with calculating mechatronics.
- 6. sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the output of the X-ray machine End electrically connects with the input port of computer.
- 7. sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described by being embedded in slope Multiple monitoring soil moisture devices in the topsoil of arable land, obtain the moisture with positional information in sloping upland topsoil soils； Specifically include：According to sloping upland topsoil structural information, sloping upland topsoil dimension information and sloping upland grade information, by multiple soil moistures Monitoring device is embedded in sloping upland topsoil according to the netted form of rational density；Positional information in the moisture with positional information, judge the variable quantity that monitoring soil moisture device is subjected to displacement It is more than the quantity of displacement preset value with the variable quantity that monitoring soil moisture device is subjected to displacement；When the quantity is more than present count During value, local again embedding monitoring soil moisture device or overall again embedding monitoring soil moisture device.
- 8. sloping upland topsoil soils quality diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described to simulate different rainfalls The rainfall of intensity and different rainfalls, the moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils, determine different rainfall intensities and The soil erosion speed and soil erosion amount of different rainfalls；Specifically include：According to sloping upland topsoil soils structural information, by sloping upland topsoil soils be divided into granule, fine sand, coarse dust, fine silt and Organic matter, while the moisture movement rule in sloping upland topsoil soils, determine each soil types in different rainfall intensities and Shifter factor under different rainfalls；According to the shifter factor of each soil types, soil erosion speed and the soil under different rainfall intensities and different rainfalls are determined Earth erosion amount.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109990718A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 西南大学 | A kind of sloping upland topsoil soil body configuration image analysis method |
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