CN107748241B - Comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst - Google Patents
Comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst Download PDFInfo
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- CN107748241B CN107748241B CN201711006198.4A CN201711006198A CN107748241B CN 107748241 B CN107748241 B CN 107748241B CN 201711006198 A CN201711006198 A CN 201711006198A CN 107748241 B CN107748241 B CN 107748241B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst comprehensive simulation test device which comprises a sample loading device, a high-pressure water generating device and a high-pressure gas generating device, wherein the high-pressure gas generating device comprises a gas bottle and a high-pressure gas pressurizing device. According to the invention, the underground stress environment of the coal rock is simulated through confining pressure loading and axial pressure loading, the confining pressure, the axial pressure, the water pressure and the gas pressure can be regulated and controlled, and sudden high-pressure gas or sudden high-pressure water is obtained by using the high-pressure gas generating device and the high-pressure water generating device, so that the sudden increase and slow increase of the water pressure and the gas pressure can be realized; the detachable conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head is used for clamping a sample, the sealing performance is good, and the problem that the air tightness of water and gas is difficult to guarantee is solved. The hydraulic fracturing and coal and gas outburst disaster simulation device is simple in structure and integrated into a whole for two purposes, realizes real simulation of the hydraulic fracturing and coal and gas outburst disaster occurrence process, and provides means for research and prevention of hydraulic fracturing and coal and gas outburst mechanisms.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst comprehensive simulation test device for developing hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst mechanism researches.
Background art:
coal and gas outburst is one of five major disasters of coal mines, and is only second to roof accidents in the occupation proportion of the coal mine disasters, therefore, scholars at home and abroad do a lot of work on the aspects of research on mechanism and prevention parties, but with the increase of mining depth, a part of shallow mining rules are not suitable for analysis and prevention of deep coal and gas outburst accidents, and new research needs to be carried out in consideration of deep mining characteristics; the hydraulic fracturing method is an important production increase measure in shale gas exploitation, and meanwhile, hydraulic fracturing is an important mine permeability-increasing measure for improving coal seam permeability in a coal mine, so that a laboratory hydraulic fracturing test can be used for researching hydraulic cracks of a shale reservoir, initiation and expansion of cracks, and drilling pressure relief and permeability increase technical effects of the coal reservoir. Therefore, the comprehensive test device for researching hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst has important practical value and research significance.
The existing equipment is usually strong in pertinence, one set of equipment can only research one disaster, for example, a Chinese patent with the publication number of CN103592186A and the name of a shale hydraulic fracturing damage evolution device and an experimental method under the true triaxial stress condition has the problems of large volume, complex structure, relatively low utilization rate, uncontrollable flow rate and water pressure of gas in the test process, difficulty in guaranteeing the air tightness of water and gas and the like.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst, which has the advantages of simple structure, integration and dual purposes, higher device air tightness and capability of regulating and controlling confining pressure, water pressure and pore pressure.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst integrated simulation test device, includes: the device comprises a sample loading device, a high-pressure water generating device and a high-pressure gas generating device, wherein the sample loading device comprises a cylinder, a cavity which is arranged in the cylinder and coaxial with the cylinder and used for loading a sample, the cylinder is provided with a confining pressure inlet, the left end of the cylinder is provided with a left end cover which is in sealing connection with the cylinder, and an annular support, the left end of the annular support is in sealing connection with the end of the cylinder through the left end cover, the right end of the annular support is sleeved at the left end of the cavity, the right end of the annular support is provided with an annular baffle, a brittle organic glass plate is arranged between the annular baffle and the sample, and the left end cover is provided with an opening hole, so that the organic; the right end of the cylinder is provided with a right end cover which is in sealing connection with the cylinder, the right end cover is provided with a shaft pressing inlet, a shaft pressing piston can slide along the inner wall of the cylinder, an input pipeline is arranged at the axis of the shaft pressing piston, the left end of the shaft pressing piston is provided with a conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head which is detachably sleeved at one end of the input pipeline, the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity and used for fixing a sample, the right end of the shaft pressing piston extends out of the right end cover, and the other end of the input pipeline is connected with the high-pressure water generating device and the high-pressure gas generating; the high-pressure gas generating device comprises a gas cylinder and a high-pressure gas pressurizing device, the nozzle comprises an impact head, a connecting pipe and a four-way connecting seat, one end of the impact head is connected with the input pipeline, the other end of the impact head is connected with the connecting pipe, a first pipe orifice of the four-way connecting seat is connected with the connecting pipe, a second pipe orifice of the four-way connecting seat is connected with the gas cylinder, a third pipe orifice of the four-way connecting seat is connected with the high-pressure gas pressurizing device, and a fourth pipe orifice of the four-.
When a hydraulic fracturing test is carried out, the end part of the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head, which protrudes outwards, is used for fixing a sample with a hollow round hole, the end part, which protrudes outwards, is propped against the hollow round hole of the sample, and high-pressure water enters the input channel from the high-pressure water generating device through the spray head; when a gas outburst test is carried out, the inwards-sunken end part of the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head is used for fixing a sample, and gas enters the input channel through the high-pressure gas generating device through the spray head.
The impact head is in threaded connection with the connecting pipe through a shear valve and a shear valve sealing gasket.
The first pipe orifice is in threaded connection with the connecting pipe through a four-way connecting seat sealing gasket.
The second pipe orifice is connected with the gas cylinder through a gas pressure gauge and a gas valve by pipelines.
The high-pressure gas pressurizing device comprises a gas pressurizing water tank and a pressure cylinder, wherein a water-gas isolating piston is arranged in the pressure cylinder and can slide along the inner wall of the pressure cylinder, the gas pressurizing water tank is connected with one end of the pressure cylinder through a water valve and a water pressure gauge by a pipeline, and the other end of the pressure cylinder is connected with the third pipe orifice.
The high-pressure water generating device comprises a high-pressure water tank, and the fourth pipe orifice is connected with the high-pressure water tank through a high-pressure water pressure gauge and a high-pressure water valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, confining pressure, axial pressure, water pressure and gas pressure can be regulated and controlled, a real underground stress environment can be simulated through confining pressure loading and axial pressure loading, then a high-pressure gas generating device and a high-pressure water generating device are utilized to obtain sudden high-pressure gas and sudden high-pressure water, sudden increase and slow increase of water pressure and gas pressure can be realized, and simulation of hydraulic fracturing and coal and gas outburst disaster occurrence processes is real and reliable;
2. the invention uses the fragile organic glass as the water-bursting outlet, can realize the quick opening of the projecting port and avoid the influence of the manual opening of the projecting port on the projecting process;
3. the invention can use samples with different wall thicknesses and different central hole sizes for testing, and truly simulates the position state of the underground water guide channel; the test can be carried out by using samples with different water contents, and the underground state of the coal rock is comprehensively considered;
4. the invention adopts the detachable conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head sleeved at one end of the input pipeline to clamp the sample, has good sealing property and solves the problem that the air tightness of water and gas is difficult to ensure;
5. the invention has simple structure, dual purposes and simple and convenient use and operation.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the conical funnel-shaped sample holding head during the gas outburst test according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the sprinkler head of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sample structure used in a hydraulic fracturing test of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst provided by the invention comprises a sample loading device, a high-pressure water generating device and a high-pressure gas generating device.
The sample loading device comprises a cylinder 2, wherein a confining pressure inlet 21 connected with high-pressure gas during simulation test is arranged on the cylinder 2, a left end cover 1 and a right end cover 10 which are in threaded sealing connection with the cylinder 2 are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the cylinder 2, the left end cover 1 is of an open structure (for simulating a roadway space) with a hole in the middle, the right end cover 10 is provided with an axial pressure inlet 11 connected with high-pressure water during simulation test, a cavity 6 coaxial with the cylinder 2 is arranged in the cylinder 2, the cavity 6 can be a thin rubber cylinder, and the cavity 6 wraps a sample formed by coal pillars; a shaft pressing piston 8 capable of sliding along the inner wall of the cylinder 2 is mounted at the right end of the cylinder 2, an input pipeline 9 is arranged at the axis of the shaft pressing piston 8, a conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head 30 detachably sleeved at one end of the input pipeline 9 is arranged at the left end of the shaft pressing piston 8, the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head 30 is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity 6 and used for fixing a sample, the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head 30 is fixed with the inner wall of the cavity 6 through a sealing ring, the right end of the shaft pressing piston 8 extends out of the right end cover 10, and sealing rings are arranged between the shaft pressing piston 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 2 and between the shaft pressing piston and the right end cover; the other end of the input pipeline 9 is connected with the high-pressure water generating device and the high-pressure gas generating device through a nozzle 12.
Will the left end of cavity 6 cup joints with the right-hand member of a ring carrier 3, the left end of the ring carrier 3 of telling with the left end of drum 2 passes through 1 sealing connection of left end lid, the right-hand member of ring carrier 3 has interior edge, places the ring baffle 4 of middle trompil on the edge that is close to the sample including, has placed brittle organic glass board 5 between ring baffle 4 and sample.
High-pressure gas generating device includes gas cylinder 15 and high-pressure gas pressure device, shower nozzle 12 is as shown in fig. 3, including impact head 121, connecting pipe 124 and four-way connecting seat 126, impact head 121's one end with input pipeline 9 connects, through shear valve 122 and the sealed pad 123 of shear valve with the one end threaded connection of connecting pipe 124, four-way connecting seat 126's first mouth of pipe 1261 through four-way connecting seat sealed pad 125 with connecting pipe 124 connects, second mouth of pipe 1262 by the pipeline pass through gas pressure table 13, gas valve 14 with gas cylinder 15 is connected, third mouth of pipe 1263 connects high-pressure gas pressure device, fourth mouth of pipe 1264 connects high-pressure gas generating device.
High pressure gas pressure device includes gas pressure water tank 22 and pressure cylinder 16, it can follow the slip of pressure cylinder 16 inner wall to be equipped with aqueous vapor isolation piston 17 in the pressure cylinder 16, there is the sealing washer between aqueous vapor isolation piston 17 and the pressure cylinder 16 inner wall, gas pressure water tank 22 by the pipeline pass through water valve 19 and water pressure gauge 18 with the one end of pressure cylinder 16 is connected, the other end of pressure cylinder 16 with third mouth of pipe 1263 is connected.
The high pressure water generating device comprises a high pressure water tank 20, and the fourth pipe orifice 1264 is connected with the high pressure water tank 20 through a high pressure water pressure gauge 23 and a high pressure water valve 24.
When the hydraulic fracturing test tool is used for carrying out a hydraulic fracturing test, a sample adopts a coal pillar with a hollow round hole, as shown in figure 4, the distance H between the bottom of the hollow round hole in the sample and the bottom of the sample is required to be larger than or equal to the wall thickness H of the sample, the sample can be made into round holes with different wall thicknesses H and different hollow radiuses for carrying out the test according to the specific test requirements, as shown in figure 1, the end part of the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head 30 protruding outwards is propped against the inside of the hollow round hole of the sample so as to fix the sample and ensure the sealing property. The specific test process is as follows: injecting high-pressure gas through a confining pressure inlet 21 on the cylinder 2 to apply confining pressure on the sample in the cavity 6; injecting high-pressure water through an axial pressure inlet 11 on a right end cover 10 of the cylinder, pushing an axial pressure piston 8 to apply axial pressure on the sample, and simulating the underground stress environment of the coal rock; then the high pressure water valve 24 is opened, high pressure water in the high pressure water tank 20 is filled into the connecting pipe 124 in the spray head 12 through the four-way connecting seat 126, the pressure of the water is further increased through the high pressure water tank 20 by transmitting the pressure to the water in the connecting pipe 124 through the four-way connecting seat 126, when the water pressure is increased to a certain degree, the shearing valve 122 arranged between the connecting pipe 124 and the impact head 121 is broken, the high pressure water rapidly applies sudden water pressure to the inside of the sample through the impact head 121, the pipeline and the input pipeline 9 of the axial center of the axial pressure piston 8, under the combined action of the axial pressure, the confining pressure and the sudden water pressure, the brittle organic glass plate 5 at the other end of the sample is broken, and the broken sample is sprayed out, so that the top bottom plate and the coal bed water burst process caused by.
When the coal and gas outburst test is carried out by using the invention, the sample can adopt irregular-shaped coal blocks and is not limited to a coal column, and as shown in figure 2, the inward-concave end part of the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head 30 is used for fixing the sample. The specific test process is as follows: injecting high-pressure gas through a confining pressure inlet 21 on the cylinder 2 to apply confining pressure on the sample in the cavity 6; injecting high-pressure water through an axial pressure inlet 11 on a right end cover 10 of the cylinder, pushing an axial pressure piston 8 to apply axial pressure on the sample, and simulating the underground stress environment of the coal rock; then the gas valve 14 is opened, the high pressure gas in the gas cylinder 15 is filled into the connecting pipe 124 in the nozzle 12 through the four-way connecting base 126, then the high pressure gas pressurizing device is opened, the high pressure water in the gas pressurizing water tank 22 pushes the water-gas isolating piston 17 in the pressure cylinder 16 to move, the air at the rear part of the water-gas isolating piston 17 is compressed, the pressure is transmitted to the gas in the connecting pipe 124 through the four-way connecting base 126, the pressure of the gas is further increased, when the gas pressure is increased to a certain degree, the shearing valve 122 arranged between the connecting pipe 124 and the impact head 121 is broken, the high pressure gas rapidly applies the sudden gas pressure to the inside of the sample through the impact head 121, the pipeline and the input pipeline 9 at the axis of the axial compression piston 8, and the brittle organic glass plate 5 at the other end of the sample is broken under the combined action of the axial pressure, the confining, the coal powder is sprayed out of the coal powder, so that the coal and gas outburst generation process caused by sudden increase of gas pressure is simulated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst integrated simulation test device which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a sample loading device, a high-pressure water generating device and a high-pressure gas generating device, wherein the sample loading device comprises a cylinder, a cavity which is arranged in the cylinder and coaxial with the cylinder and used for loading a sample, the cylinder is provided with a confining pressure inlet, the left end of the cylinder is provided with a left end cover which is in sealing connection with the cylinder, and an annular support, the left end of the annular support is in sealing connection with the left end of the cylinder through the left end cover, the right end of the annular support is sleeved at the left end of the cavity, the right end of the annular support is provided with an annular baffle, a brittle organic glass plate is arranged between the annular baffle and the sample, and the left end cover is provided with an opening hole, so that the organic; the right end of the cylinder is provided with a right end cover which is in sealing connection with the cylinder, the right end cover is provided with a shaft pressing inlet, a shaft pressing piston can slide along the inner wall of the cylinder, an input pipeline is arranged at the axis of the shaft pressing piston, the left end of the shaft pressing piston is provided with a conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head which is detachably sleeved at one end of the input pipeline, the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity and used for fixing a sample, the right end of the shaft pressing piston extends out of the right end cover, and the other end of the input pipeline is connected with the high-pressure water generating device and the high-pressure gas generating;
the high-pressure gas generating device comprises a gas cylinder and a high-pressure gas pressurizing device, the nozzle comprises an impact head, a connecting pipe and a four-way connecting seat, one end of the impact head is connected with the input pipeline, the other end of the impact head is connected with the connecting pipe, a first pipe orifice of the four-way connecting seat is connected with the connecting pipe, a second pipe orifice of the four-way connecting seat is connected with the gas cylinder, a third pipe orifice of the four-way connecting seat is connected with the high-pressure gas pressurizing device, and a fourth pipe orifice of the four-.
2. The comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst of claim 1, wherein: when a hydraulic fracturing test is carried out, the end part of the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head, which protrudes outwards, is used for fixing a sample with a hollow round hole, the end part, which protrudes outwards, is propped against the hollow round hole of the sample, and high-pressure water enters the input channel from the high-pressure water generating device through the spray head; when a gas outburst test is carried out, the inwards-sunken end part of the conical funnel-shaped sample clamping head is used for fixing a sample, and gas enters the input channel through the high-pressure gas generating device through the spray head.
3. The comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst of claim 1, wherein: the impact head is in threaded connection with the connecting pipe through a shear valve and a shear valve sealing gasket.
4. The comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst of claim 1, wherein: the first pipe orifice is in threaded connection with the connecting pipe through a four-way connecting seat sealing gasket.
5. The comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst of claim 1, wherein: the second pipe orifice is connected with the gas cylinder through a gas pressure gauge and a gas valve by pipelines.
6. The comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst of claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure gas pressurizing device comprises a gas pressurizing water tank and a pressure cylinder, wherein a water-gas isolating piston is arranged in the pressure cylinder and can slide along the inner wall of the pressure cylinder, the gas pressurizing water tank is connected with one end of the pressure cylinder through a water valve and a water pressure gauge by a pipeline, and the other end of the pressure cylinder is connected with the third pipe orifice.
7. The comprehensive simulation test device for hydraulic fracturing and gas outburst of claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure water generating device comprises a high-pressure water tank, and the fourth pipe orifice is connected with the high-pressure water tank through a high-pressure water pressure gauge and a high-pressure water valve.
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| CN101409024B (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2011-08-10 | 安徽理工大学 | Analog system for coal seam mash gas dynamic action |
| CN103940962B (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2016-02-24 | 西安科技大学 | Underground coal mine waterfrac treatment experiments experiment room simulation system and method |
| CN205209887U (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 河南理工大学 | Real triaxial hydraulic fracturing process buggy output test device of coal reservoir |
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