CN107739620A - A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent and its technique for alkaline land improving - Google Patents
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent and its technique for alkaline land improving Download PDFInfo
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- CN107739620A CN107739620A CN201711265357.2A CN201711265357A CN107739620A CN 107739620 A CN107739620 A CN 107739620A CN 201711265357 A CN201711265357 A CN 201711265357A CN 107739620 A CN107739620 A CN 107739620A
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Abstract
The technique that alkaline land improving is carried out the invention discloses a kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent and its using the modifying agent, wherein modifying agent in parts by weight, are made up of following raw material：Coarse sand, the rifamycin fermentation filter residue after harmless treatment, calcium superphosphate, ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride；A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent of the present invention is suitable for cement soda alkaline land, the pH value and basicity of soil can effectively be reduced, improve the quality of clayey soil, the crop of 2 ~ 3 years can reach middle production water in field and put down after improvement, and raw material sources enrich, the especially use of rifamycin fermentation filter residue, turns waste into wealth, solves increasingly serious environmental problem；A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent of the present invention fundamentally improves the quality of clayey soil using coarse sand, improves porosity and permeability, moisturize infiltration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alkaline land improving technical field, specifically a kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent and its use
In the technique of alkaline land improving.
Background technology
Because soil physical and chemical property is poor, water-soluble anions and canons content is high in salt-soda soil, resistance to limited without easily quilt beyond crop
Utilize, especially cement soda alkaline land is most difficult to improve.Soda alkaline land soil particle is fine and closely woven, and macropore is lacked between grogs
Gap, ventilation, permeable difference；If being again clayed soil, the viscous weight of the soil texture, structure are poor, then are difficult to drop alkali, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, cause to improve
The difficulty of cement soda alkaline land is very big.Therefore, improveing such salt-soda soil should be from improvement soil physical property, reduction pH value
And basicity, elute water-soluble anions and canons and angularly consider specific modification method.
Domestic improvement salt-soda soil method is substantially summarized as follows at present：（1）Chemical modifying：Using desulfurated plaster, ardealite, each
Kind organic acid etc.；（2）It is physically improved：Level land, raise landform, deep ploughing subsoiling, storage fresh water on saline-alkali land for leaching alkali, washing salinity by irrigation alkali, hidden pipe
Salt discharge etc.；（3）Biological modification：Plant salt tolerant, inhale salt plant, such as rice.Above method has certain answer to alkaline land improving
With value, but there is drawback and deficiency in the above method.Such as desulfurated plaster improvement salt-soda soil, soil pH value and alkalization can be reduced
Degree, but desulfurated plaster solubility itself is low, it is necessary to which substantial amounts of water may enter on the contrary as medium, the region higher to level of ground water
One step increases the salinization of soil of soil；Storage fresh water on saline-alkali land for leaching alkali technology is acted on basic soil less, especially the saline-alkali soil of heavy texture,
Basic water penetration, it is impossible to play the purpose for improving soil texture, reducing alkalization of soils degree and salinity；Plant saline alkali tolerant plant also only
It is for saline and alkaline effective in certain threshold value, it is also contemplated that the factor such as many.Improvement cement soda alkaline land master at present
Take apply desulfurated plaster or it is various organic and inorganic sour the methods of, but ineffective, it is that cement soda type is saline and alkaline to trace it to its cause
Ground soil particle is fine and closely woven, the bad dispersibility in water, is difficult to by water-borne reaction；And heavy texture, easily formed every
Water layer, various Water-soluble salts can not be eluted.Particularly solubility of the desulfurated plaster in water is low, it is slow to work, and easily with row
Current lose, and improved process difficulty is not big, easy to operate, cause little to improving the effect of soil particle character.
Chinese patent application 201610099493.8 discloses a kind of soda alkaline land soil conditioner and its preparation side
Method, soda alkaline land, modifying agent preparation process are mainly improved by a certain amount of desulfurated plaster, aluminum sulfate, citric acid, humic acid
Relatively complicated, the workload of only modifying agent component sieving one is just very big；In addition using desulfurated plaster as main modifying agent,
Because its solubility is relatively low, the improvement cycle is longer, and in particular for cement salt-soda soil, the improvement cycle is longer, and applicability is poor.
Chinese patent application 201610450531.X discloses a kind of alkaline land modifying agent, and its described modifying agent can be certain
Soil alkalinity is reduced in degree, but preparation process is cumbersome, also needs to add the medicinal plants such as chrysanthemum, gleditsia sinensis, mulberry leaf and plate indigo plant, cost
It is higher, the salinization of soil soil improvement of the Northeast is only limited, applicability is also poor.
Chinese patent application 201310069798.0 discloses a kind of saline and alkali land improvement method, and this method is to a certain extent
Soil property can be improved, but it is poor to reducing soil pH, reduction carbonate and bicarbonate ion aspect, also increase soil
The possibility of salt content.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent and its for salt
The technique improved alkali.
The present invention to achieve the above object, is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：1000 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand, through nothing
Rifamycin 80 ~ 250 parts of filter residue of fermentation after evilization processing, 30 ~ 200 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 ~ 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate 1 ~
12 parts and 3 ~ 15 parts of aminoglucose hydrochloride；
Wherein rifamycin fermentation filter residue innocent treatment procedure be：Rifamycin fermentation filter residue is filtered off into moisture, in sunlight
It is lower to dry 3 ~ 5 days, compost is then carried out, Bian Dui spreads water when treading in composting process, moisture in fermenting filter residue to rifamycin
Content is 55 ~ 65%, and heap 3 ~ 5m of bottom width, heap is high 2 ~ 3 meters, and heap in echelon or triangle, covers canopy film after heap is good, holding 2 ~ 3 weeks,
Innoxious process can be completed.
Preferably, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：2000 ~ 3000 parts of coarse sand, the Li Fu after harmless treatment
Mycin 150 ~ 200 parts of filter residue of fermentation, 60 ~ 150 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 ~ 12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 ~ 10 parts of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose
Sugared 8 ~ 12 parts of hydrochloride.
Preferably, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：1000 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand, the Li Fu after harmless treatment
Mycin 80 ~ 250 parts of filter residue of fermentation, 30 ~ 200 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 ~ 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1 ~ 6 part of aluminum sulfate and Glucosamine
3 ~ 10 parts of hydrochloride.
Preferably, the mass ratio of aminoglucose hydrochloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate is 2 ~ 4：2~4：1~3.
Present invention additionally comprises the technique that a kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent is used for alkaline land improving, including following step
Suddenly：
1. in parts by weight, by 1000 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand, 80 ~ 250 parts of rifamycin fermentation filter residue after harmless treatment and
30 ~ 200 parts of calcium superphosphate, it is well mixed, obtains mixture, be then uniformly sprinkling upon 80% mixture of percentage by weight saline and alkaline
Ground soil surface, turn over one time, ploughed depth 15cm, rotary tillage one time, 10 ~ 15cm of rotary tillage depth；
2. remaining mixture is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline ground surface, rotary tillage one time, 10 ~ 15cm of rotary tillage depth；
3. with microspray irrigation equipment by 3 ~ 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 ~ 15 parts of 1 ~ 12 part of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride are with filling
Water applies Tanaka, every mu of 30 ~ 35 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation；
3. after 2 ~ 3 days, then irrigate once, every mu of 30 ~ 35 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding, cement soda after being improved after irrigation
Type salt-soda soil.
The technique of alkaline land improving is preferably used in, the ratio of fermentation filter residue is determined according to the pH value of soil sample, specifically：pH
During value 7-8.5, rifamycin 80 ~ 100 parts of the filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment；During pH value 8.5-9.5, through harmless treatment
Rifamycin 100 ~ 150 parts of filter residue of fermentation afterwards；During pH value 9.5-10, the rifamycin fermentation filter residue after harmless treatment
150 ~ 200 parts, when pH value is more than 10, rifamycin 200 ~ 250 parts of the filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment.
The technique of alkaline land improving is preferably used in, the ratio of coarse sand is determined according to the clay content of soil sample and basicity,
Specifically：When clay content 60-70%, basicity are less than 60%, 1000 ~ 1500 parts of coarse sand；Clay content 60-70%, basicity are big
When 60% or clay content 70-85%, basicity are less than 60%, 1500 ~ 2500 parts of coarse sand；Clay content 70-85%, basicity are big
When 60% or clay content are more than 85%, basicity and are less than 60%, 2500 ~ 3500 parts of coarse sand；Clay content is more than 85%, basicity
During more than 60%, 3500 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand.
The technique of alkaline land improving is preferably used in, determines that calcium superphosphate is used according to the exchangeable sodium ion concentration of soil sample
Amount, calcium superphosphate are instant material, and the exchangeable sodium ion on soil colloid quickly can be entered line replacement by calcium ion, and can be incited somebody to action
Fine particle is agglomerated into larger particle, so as to quickly reduce alkalization of soils degree and improve soil texture；In addition, saline-alkali soil
Typically scarce phosphorus in earth, the content of phosphorus can be increased using calcium superphosphate.Specifically dosage is：80% couple of exchangeable sodium ion concentration
Calcium ion of equal value is answered to calculate calcium superphosphate dosage, specific formula is as follows：
Y=a*80%*0.2*666*1350/100/2*234/1000；
Wherein Y is that calcium superphosphate dosage/kg, a is the content/cmol/kg for exchanging sodium ion, and 80% is conversion factor, 0.2*666
For volume/m of every mu of soil 20cm soil layer3, 1350 be weight/kg/m of unit volume soil3, 100 be that cmol is converted to mol
Coefficient, 2 be calcium ion charge number, and 234 be calcium superphosphate molecular weight, and 1000 be the coefficient that g is converted to kg.
The technique of alkaline land improving is preferably used in, aminoglucose hydrochloride is determined according to the basicity of soil sample：Sulfuric acid
It is ferrous：The weight ratio of aluminum sulfate, specifically：When basicity is more than 60%, aminoglucose hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：Aluminum sulfate
=4：2：3；When basicity is 40 ~ 60%, aminoglucose hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：Aluminum sulfate=3：3：1；When basicity is less than
When 40%, aminoglucose hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：Aluminum sulfate=2：4：1；
Glucosamine salt is determined with 20% equivalence of metal cation summation in each component and soil exchangeable sodium ions content
The dosage of hydrochlorate, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate, specific formula are as follows：
X=a*20%*0.2*666*1350/100/1000/（The gross mass numbers of mass fraction * 2//278+ sulfuric acid shared by ferrous sulfate
Gross mass number/342 of mass fraction * 6/ shared by aluminium）；
X is that aminoglucose hydrochloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate total dosage/kg, a are the content/cmol/ for exchanging sodium ion
Kg, 20% is conversion factor, and 0.2*666 is volume/m of every mu of soil 20cm soil layer3, 1350 for unit volume soil weight/
kg/m3, 100 be the coefficient that cmol is converted to mol, and 1000 be the coefficient that g is converted to kg, and 2 be iron ion charge number, and 278 be sulphur
Sour ferrous molecules amount, 6 be 2 aluminium ion charge numbers, and 342 be aluminum sulfate molecular weight.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent of the present invention is suitable for cement soda alkaline land, can effectively reduce soil
PH value and basicity, improve the quality of clayey soil, the crop of 2 ~ 3 years can reach middle production water in field and put down after improvement, and former
Expect the use of abundance, especially rifamycin fermentation filter residue, turn waste into wealth, solve increasingly serious environmental problem.
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent of the present invention fundamentally improves the quality of clayey soil using coarse sand,
Porosity and permeability are improved, moisturize infiltration, and it is fine and closely woven to solve cement soda alkaline land soil particle, scattered in water
Property is poor, the problem of being difficult to by water-borne reaction；Calcium superphosphate is instant material, and calcium ion can be quickly by soil glue
Exchangeable sodium ion on body enters line replacement, and can be by tiny particle agglomeration into larger particle, so as to quickly reduce
Alkalization of soils degree and improve soil texture, in addition, calcium superphosphate can provide P elements for soil, phosphorus contains in increase soil
Amount；
The fermentation filter residue of the rifamycin after harmless treatment that the present invention uses, its main component are complete organic not ferment
The zinc sulfate that caused mycelium in matter, also fermentation process, predominantly protein and follow-up flocculation process add, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase
Soil with organic matter content, improves soil texture, on the one hand zinc sulfate has replaced the sodium ion on soil colloid, reduced soil
Basicity, also increase the content of ZINC IN SOIL element；
The selection of the ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate, aminoglucose hydrochloride and its specific proportion of composing of the present invention, in modifying agent
In play a part of accelerating activator, other components can be promoted preferably to play respective effect, and show acid high price
Cation quickly can reunite clay particle, reduce the pH value of soil, it also avoid mistake caused by single use a certain kind ion
More accumulation；
The pH value of its aqueous solution of aminoglucose hydrochloride is 3.5 ~ 5.0, in acidity, the carbonate that can be directly acted in soil
And the pH value of bicarbonate radical, effectively reduction soil, moreover it is possible to effectively improve calcium, iron, aluminum ions solubility, accelerate large radius height
Valency cation condenses the reaction of soil molecule, improves soil texture, improves soil permeability, promotes other improvement indirectly
The reaction of component and soil, also solve the problems, such as to apply liquid acid inconvenience；And the ammonium ion after it is degraded can also be plant
Growth provides nitrogen, adds the content of organic matter in soil, improves soil granular structure, reduces the danger in salt-soda soil
Evil；Acted on anti-corrosive antibacterial, there is obvious antibacterial action to common bacterium, yeast and mold, can further disappear
Except the harmful bacteria in antibiotic fermentation filter residue.
Embodiment
Clay content determines according to NY/T1121.3-2006, the average grain diameter of clay in soil<0.002mm.
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：1000 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand,
Rifamycin 80 ~ 250 parts of filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment, 30 ~ 200 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 ~ 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid
3 ~ 15 parts of 1 ~ 12 part of aluminium and aminoglucose hydrochloride；
Wherein rifamycin fermentation filter residue innocent treatment procedure be：Rifamycin fermentation filter residue is filtered off into moisture, in sunlight
It is lower to dry 3 ~ 5 days, compost is then carried out, Bian Dui spreads water when treading in composting process, moisture in fermenting filter residue to rifamycin
Content is 55 ~ 65%, and heap 3 ~ 5m of bottom width, heap is high 2 ~ 3 meters, and heap in echelon or triangle, covers canopy film after heap is good, holding 2 ~ 3 weeks,
Innoxious process can be completed.
Preferably, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：2000 ~ 3000 parts of coarse sand, the Li Fu after harmless treatment
Mycin 150 ~ 200 parts of filter residue of fermentation, 60 ~ 150 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 ~ 12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 ~ 10 parts of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose
Sugared 8 ~ 12 parts of hydrochloride.
Preferably, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：1000 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand, the Li Fu after harmless treatment
Mycin 80 ~ 250 parts of filter residue of fermentation, 30 ~ 200 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 ~ 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1 ~ 6 part of aluminum sulfate and Glucosamine
3 ~ 10 parts of hydrochloride.
Preferably, the mass ratio of aminoglucose hydrochloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate is 2 ~ 4：2~4：1~3.
Present invention additionally comprises the technique that a kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent is used for alkaline land improving, including following step
Suddenly：
1. in parts by weight, by 1000 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand, 80 ~ 250 parts of rifamycin fermentation filter residue after harmless treatment and
30 ~ 200 parts of calcium superphosphate, it is well mixed, obtains mixture, be then uniformly sprinkling upon 80% mixture of percentage by weight saline and alkaline
Ground soil surface, turn over one time, ploughed depth 15cm, rotary tillage one time, 10 ~ 15cm of rotary tillage depth；
2. remaining mixture is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline ground surface, rotary tillage one time, 10 ~ 15cm of rotary tillage depth；
3. with microspray irrigation equipment by 3 ~ 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 ~ 15 parts of 1 ~ 12 part of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride are with filling
Water applies Tanaka, every mu of 30 ~ 35 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation；
3. after 2 ~ 3 days, then irrigate once, every mu of 30 ~ 35 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding, cement soda after being improved after irrigation
Type salt-soda soil.
The technique of alkaline land improving is preferably used in, the ratio of fermentation filter residue is determined according to the pH value of soil sample, specifically：pH
During value 7-8.5, rifamycin 80 ~ 100 parts of the filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment；During pH value 8.5-9.5, through harmless treatment
Rifamycin 100 ~ 150 parts of filter residue of fermentation afterwards；During pH value 9.5-10, the rifamycin fermentation filter residue after harmless treatment
150 ~ 200 parts, when pH value is more than 10, rifamycin 200 ~ 250 parts of the filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment.
The technique of alkaline land improving is preferably used in, the ratio of coarse sand is determined according to the clay content of soil sample and basicity,
Specifically：When clay content 60-70%, basicity are less than 60%, 1000 ~ 1500 parts of coarse sand；Clay content 60-70%, basicity are big
When 60% or clay content 70-85%, basicity are less than 60%, 1500 ~ 2500 parts of coarse sand；Clay content 70-85%, basicity are big
When 60% or clay content are more than 85%, basicity and are less than 60%, 2500 ~ 3500 parts of coarse sand；Clay content is more than 85%, basicity
During more than 60%, 3500 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand.
The technique of alkaline land improving is preferably used in, determines that calcium superphosphate is used according to the exchangeable sodium ion concentration of soil sample
Amount, calcium superphosphate are instant material, and the exchangeable sodium ion on soil colloid quickly can be entered line replacement by calcium ion, and can be incited somebody to action
Fine particle is agglomerated into larger particle, so as to quickly reduce alkalization of soils degree and improve soil texture；In addition, saline-alkali soil
Typically scarce phosphorus in earth, the content of phosphorus can be increased using calcium superphosphate.Specifically dosage is：80% couple of exchangeable sodium ion concentration
Calcium ion of equal value is answered to calculate calcium superphosphate dosage, specific formula is as follows：
Y=a*80%*0.2*666*1350/100/2*234/1000；
Wherein Y is that calcium superphosphate dosage/kg, a is the content/cmol/kg for exchanging sodium ion, and 80% is conversion factor, 0.2*666
For volume/m of every mu of soil 20cm soil layer3, 1350 be weight/kg/m of unit volume soil3, 100 be that cmol is converted to mol
Coefficient, 2 be calcium ion charge number, and 234 be calcium superphosphate molecular weight, and 1000 be the coefficient that g is converted to kg.
The technique of alkaline land improving is preferably used in, aminoglucose hydrochloride is determined according to the basicity of soil sample：Sulfuric acid
It is ferrous：The weight ratio of aluminum sulfate, specifically：When basicity is more than 60%, aminoglucose hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：Aluminum sulfate
=4：2：3；When basicity is 40 ~ 60%, aminoglucose hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：Aluminum sulfate=3：3：1；When basicity is less than
When 40%, aminoglucose hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：Aluminum sulfate=2：4：1；
Glucosamine salt is determined with 20% equivalence of metal cation summation in each component and soil exchangeable sodium ions content
The dosage of hydrochlorate, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate, specific formula are as follows：
X=a*20%*0.2*666*1350/100/1000/（The gross mass numbers of mass fraction * 2//278+ sulfuric acid shared by ferrous sulfate
Gross mass number/342 of mass fraction * 6/ shared by aluminium）；
X is that aminoglucose hydrochloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate total dosage/kg, a are the content/cmol/ for exchanging sodium ion
Kg, 20% is conversion factor, and 0.2*666 is volume/m of every mu of soil 20cm soil layer3, 1350 for unit volume soil weight/
kg/m3, 100 be the coefficient that cmol is converted to mol, and 1000 be the coefficient that g is converted to kg, and 2 be iron ion charge number, and 278 be sulphur
Sour ferrous molecules amount, 6 be 2 aluminium ion charge numbers, and 342 be aluminum sulfate molecular weight.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：1000 parts of coarse sand, through innoxious
Rifamycin 80 parts of filter residue of fermentation after processing, 30 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of aluminum sulfate and glucosamine salt
3 parts of hydrochlorate；
Wherein rifamycin fermentation filter residue innocent treatment procedure be：Rifamycin fermentation filter residue is filtered off into moisture, in sunlight
It is lower to dry 3 days, compost is then carried out, Bian Dui spreads water when treading in composting process, and moisture contains in fermenting filter residue to rifamycin
Measure as 55%, heap bottom width 3m, heap is high 3 meters, and heap in echelon, covers canopy film after heap is good, summer is kept for 2 weeks, you can completes innoxious mistake
Journey.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：4000 parts of coarse sand, through innoxious
Rifamycin 250 parts of filter residue of fermentation after processing, 200 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose
Sugared 15 parts of hydrochloride；
Wherein rifamycin fermentation filter residue innocent treatment procedure be：Rifamycin fermentation filter residue is filtered off into moisture, in sunlight
It is lower to dry 5 days, compost is then carried out, Bian Dui spreads water when treading in composting process, and moisture contains in fermenting filter residue to rifamycin
Measure as 65%, heap bottom width 5m, heap is high 2 meters, piles triangle, and canopy film is covered after heap is good, and winter is kept for 3 weeks, you can completion is innoxious
Process.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：2000 parts of coarse sand, through innoxious
Rifamycin 150 parts of filter residue of fermentation after processing, 60 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of aluminum sulfate and Glucosamine
8 parts of hydrochloride；
Wherein rifamycin fermentation filter residue innocent treatment procedure be：Rifamycin fermentation filter residue is filtered off into moisture, in sunlight
It is lower to dry 4 days, compost is then carried out, Bian Dui spreads water when treading in composting process, and moisture contains in fermenting filter residue to rifamycin
Measure as 60%, heap bottom width 4m, heap is high 2.5 meters, and heap in echelon, covers canopy film after heap is good, spring is kept for 16 days, you can is completed harmless
Change process.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：3000 parts of coarse sand, through innoxious
Rifamycin 200 parts of filter residue of fermentation after processing, 150 parts of calcium superphosphate, 6 parts of ferrous sulfate, 9 parts of aluminum sulfate and Glucosamine
12 parts of hydrochloride；
Wherein rifamycin fermentation filter residue innocent treatment procedure be：Rifamycin fermentation filter residue is filtered off into moisture, in sunlight
It is lower to dry 5 days, compost is then carried out, Bian Dui spreads water when treading in composting process, and moisture contains in fermenting filter residue to rifamycin
Measure as 65%, heap bottom width 3m, heap is high 3 meters, piles triangle, and canopy film is covered after heap is good, is kept for 20 days, you can complete innoxious mistake
Journey.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent, in parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：2000 parts of coarse sand, through innoxious
Rifamycin 200 parts of filter residue of fermentation after processing, 64 parts of calcium superphosphate, 8.4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.8 parts of aluminum sulfate and amino Portugal
8.4 parts of grape sugar hydrochloride；
Wherein rifamycin fermentation filter residue innocent treatment procedure be：Rifamycin fermentation filter residue is filtered off into moisture, in sunlight
It is lower to dry 5 days, compost is then carried out, Bian Dui spreads water when treading in composting process, and moisture contains in fermenting filter residue to rifamycin
Measure as 65%, heap bottom width 3m, heap is high 3 meters, piles triangle, and canopy film is covered after heap is good, is kept for 20 days, you can complete innoxious mistake
Journey.
Embodiment 6
The cement soda alkaline land modifying agent of embodiment 1 is used for the technique of alkaline land improving, comprises the following steps：
1. in parts by weight, by 1000 parts of coarse sand, rifamycin 80 parts of filter residue of fermentation and calcium superphosphate after harmless treatment
30 parts, it is well mixed, obtains mixture, 80% mixture of percentage by weight is uniformly then sprinkling upon alkaline land soil surface, turned over
Plough one time, ploughed depth 15cm, rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 10cm；
2. remaining mixture is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline ground surface, rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 10cm；
3. 3 parts of 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride are applied into field with pouring water with microspray irrigation equipment
In, every mu of 30 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation；
3. after 2 days, then irrigating once, every mu of 30 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation, cement soda type is saline and alkaline after being improved
Ground.
Embodiment 7
The cement soda alkaline land modifying agent of embodiment 2 is used for the technique of alkaline land improving, comprises the following steps：
1. in parts by weight, by 4000 parts of coarse sand, rifamycin 250 parts of filter residue of fermentation and calcium superphosphate after harmless treatment
200 parts, it is well mixed, obtains mixture, 80% mixture of percentage by weight is uniformly then sprinkling upon alkaline land soil surface,
Turn over one time, ploughed depth 15cm, rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 15cm；
2. remaining mixture is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline ground surface, rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 15cm；
3. 15 parts of 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride are applied with pouring water with microspray irrigation equipment
Tanaka, every mu of 35 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation；
3. after 3 days, then irrigating once, every mu of 35 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation, cement soda type is saline and alkaline after being improved
Ground.
Embodiment 8
The cement soda alkaline land modifying agent of embodiment 3 is used for the technique of alkaline land improving, comprises the following steps：
1. in parts by weight, by 2000 parts of coarse sand, rifamycin 150 parts of filter residue of fermentation and calcium superphosphate after harmless treatment
60 parts, it is well mixed, obtains mixture, 80% mixture of percentage by weight is uniformly then sprinkling upon alkaline land soil surface, turned over
Plough one time, ploughed depth 15cm, rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 12cm；
2. remaining mixture is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline ground surface, rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 12cm；
3. 8 parts of 4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride are applied into field with pouring water with microspray irrigation equipment
In, every mu of 32 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation；
3. after 2 days, then irrigating once, every mu of 32 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation, cement soda type is saline and alkaline after being improved
Ground.
Embodiment 9
The cement soda alkaline land modifying agent of embodiment 4 is used for the technique of alkaline land improving, comprises the following steps：
1. in parts by weight, by 3000 parts of coarse sand, rifamycin 200 parts of filter residue of fermentation and calcium superphosphate after harmless treatment
150 parts, it is well mixed, obtains mixture, 80% mixture of percentage by weight is uniformly then sprinkling upon alkaline land soil surface,
Turn over one time, ploughed depth 15cm, rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 13cm；
2. remaining mixture is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline ground surface, rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 14cm；
3. 12 parts of 6 parts of ferrous sulfate, 9 parts of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride are applied into field with pouring water with microspray irrigation equipment
In, every mu of 34 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation；
3. after 3 days, then irrigating once, every mu of 34 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation, cement soda type is saline and alkaline after being improved
Ground.
Embodiment 10
Jilin Daan City well-irrigated area, pH value 9.4-10, total salt content 3-5g/kg, clay content 74-77% soda alkaline land
Improve and maize planting, concrete operations are as follows：
It is supporting that field is planned to 75m*35m rectangle field, completion field road canal etc., smooth field face, the discrepancy in elevation is less than 5cm；
A Typical Representative soil sample is taken by every 100 mu in the field after smooth, it is a typical case that single-point, which takes 0-15cm columns soil,
Soil sample, soil samples and detecting project are pH value, the content of exchangeable sodium ion, basicity, clay content；
Each component modifying agent dosage is determined according to soil samples and detecting value, pH value 9.8, corresponding filter residue dosage of fermenting is 2 tons/mu；Clay
Content is 75%, basicity 43%, and corresponding coarse sand dosage is 20 tons/mu.Soil samples and detecting value exchangeable sodium ion concentration is
3.2cmol/kg, corresponding calcium superphosphate dosage is 640kg/ mus, and it is aminoglucose hydrochloride to accelerate activator level type：Sulphur
It is sour ferrous：Aluminum sulfate=3：3：1, dosage is 196kg/ mus（Component ratio is consistent with embodiment 5）；
By modifying agent fermentation filter residue dosage be 2 tons/mu, calcium superphosphate 640kg, 20 sides of coarse sand/mu mixed on demand it is uniform after, by it
In 80% be distributed to plot soil table；
Then turn over one time, ploughed depth 15-20cm；Do not leak and turn over, do not stay corner；
Rotary tillage one time again, rotary tillage depth 10-15cm；Rotation is not leaked, does not stay corner；
Then by remaining 20% modifying agent, Tanaka is sprinkled into deep soil loosing shovel；
Then rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 10-15cm；
Microspray irrigation equipment is then installed, spray band with 2 cun of 7 hole PE lays one every 5m, and a set of 80 liters are installed additional in spray band water intake end
Fertilizer spreading tank；
Then pour water, every mu of 30 sides that pour water；196kg acceleration activators are put into fertilizer spreading tank when pouring water, slowly applied with water；Pour water
Half an hour, stop 20 minutes, then continue to half an hour of pouring water；
After 2 days, then spray once, the side of irrigation quantity 30, pour water half an hour, stop 20 minutes, then continue to half an hour of pouring water.
After the completion of improvement, pH decreased to 8.2, basicity drops to 19%, 0-15cm soil layer clay contents and is reduced to
36%；Soil pH value, basicity are effectively reduced, improves soil texture.I.e. maize planting, emergence rate reach after improveing then
81%, per mu yield 450kg；For Second Year pH decreased to 7.8, basicity drops to the reduction of 14%, 0-15cm soil layers clay content
To 34%, and continue maize planting according to a conventional method, emergence rate reaches 86%, per mu yield 490kg；3rd year soil pH value is 7.6,
Basicity is that 9%, 0-15cm soil layers clay content is 32%, and corn emergence rate reaches 92%, per mu yield 570kg.
Embodiment 11
Inner Mongol Tu Zuoqi, pH value 9.4-10, total salt content 3-5g/kg, clay content 60-70% soda alkaline land are carried out
Improve and maize planting, concrete operations are as follows：
It is supporting that field is planned to 80m*40m rectangle field, completion field road canal etc., smooth field face, the discrepancy in elevation is less than 5cm；
A Typical Representative soil sample is taken by every 100 mu in the field after smooth, it is a typical case that single-point, which takes 0-15cm columns soil,
Soil sample, soil samples and detecting project are pH value, the content of exchangeable sodium ion, basicity, clay content；
Each component modifying agent dosage is determined according to soil samples and detecting value, pH value 9.6, corresponding filter residue dosage of fermenting is 2 tons/mu；Clay
Content is 65%, basicity 33%, and corresponding coarse sand dosage is 10 tons/mu；Soil samples and detecting value exchangeable sodium ion concentration is
2.2cmol/kg, corresponding calcium superphosphate dosage is 440kg/ mus, and it is aminoglucose hydrochloride to accelerate activator level type：Sulphur
It is sour ferrous：Aluminum sulfate=2：4：1, dosage is 140kg/ mus（Component ratio is consistent with embodiment 6）；
By modifying agent fermentation filter residue dosage be 2 tons/mu, calcium superphosphate 440kg, ton/mu mixed on demand of coarse sand 10 it is uniform after, by it
In 80% be distributed to plot soil table；
Then turn over one time, ploughed depth 15-20cm；Do not leak and turn over, do not stay corner.
Rotary tillage one time again, rotary tillage depth 10-15cm；Rotation is not leaked, does not stay corner；
Then by remaining 20% modifying agent, subsoiling ditch is sprinkled into the special-purpose machinery of claim 3；
Then rotary tillage one time, rotary tillage depth 10-15cm；
Microspray irrigation equipment is then installed, spray band with 2 cun of 7 hole PE lays one every 5m, and a set of 60 liters are installed additional in spray band water intake end
Fertilizer spreading tank；
Then pour water, every mu of 30 sides that pour water；140kg acceleration activators are put into fertilizer spreading tank when pouring water, slowly applied with water；Pour water
Half an hour, stop 15 minutes, then continue to half an hour of pouring water；
After 3 days, then spray once, the side of irrigation quantity 30, pour water half an hour, stop 20 minutes, then continue to half an hour of pouring water.
After the completion of improvement, pH decreased to 7.8, basicity drops to 16%, 0-20cm soil layer clay contents and is reduced to
44%；Soil pH value, basicity are effectively reduced, improves soil texture.I.e. maize planting, emergence rate reach after improveing then
82%, per mu yield 460kg；For Second Year pH decreased to 7.6, basicity drops to the reduction of 11%, 0-15cm soil layers clay content
To 43%, and continue maize planting according to a conventional method, emergence rate reaches 88%, per mu yield 510kg；3rd year soil pH value is 7.6,
Basicity is that 10%, 0-15cm soil layers clay content is 43%, and corn emergence rate reaches 92%, per mu yield 580kg.
The salt-soda soil of embodiment 10 ~ 11 is cement soda alkaline land, is carried out using the alkaline land modifying agent of the present invention
After the betterment of land, 0-20cm soil layer pH value drops to less than 8.0, and basicity is reduced to less than 20%, 0-15cm soil layer clays and contained
Amount is reduced to 40% or so, maize planting and obtains certain yield then, and this mainly has benefited from modifying agent each component phase interworking
The result of conjunction.Fermentation filter residue had both neutralized the carbonate and bicarbonate radical to dissociate in soil, reduces soil pH value, is also soil
The formation of crumb structure provides binding material；The coarse sand of addition fundamentally improves the soil texture, other is respectively improved component
It can preferably play a role, decrease the dosage of other modifying agent components；Calcium superphosphate, which coordinates, accelerates activator to cause soil
Sodium ion on virgin rubber body is quickly replaced by calcium ion and forms larger soil colloid, alkalization of soils degree is quickly reduced, and
Form more suitable soil particle；Accelerate the different proportioning of activator, on the one hand utilize high price large radius ion adsorption capacity
By force, fine particle can be aggregated into larger particles, increase soil permeability, offer is played a role conveniently for other modifying agents,
On the other hand soil iron aluminium phosphate anion is supplemented, but is unlikely to make a certain ion accumulation excessive, in addition, with the ammonia applied
Base glucosamine salt hydrochlorate not only plays the role of acid, can directly react carbonate and bicarbonate radical in soil, effectively reduce soil
PH value, moreover it is possible to formed for soil texture and organic bonding material is provided, improve soil texture, it can also be to plant that ammonium ion is produced after degraded
Thing growth provides nitrogen nutrition.The growth requirement of slight Salt And Alkali Tolerance crop is can reach after improvement, this absolutely proves that the cement is revived
Beating type alkaline land improving technique being capable of quick improvement cement soda alkaline land.
Experimental field after the present invention improves, you can continuous plantation, and reach production water in field in locality after 2-3 and put down, this master
Have benefited from each modifying agent component to play a role soon, the normal growth of general Salt And Alkali Tolerance crop can be met after the completion of improvement, is
Realization gradually consolidated with long-term cropping improved effect provide precondition, the later stage continuously plant and the various agronomic measures phases not
Disconnected effect, makes soil further be improved comprehensively, once can continuous farming so as to reach improvement；This is also absolutely proved should
With cement soda alkaline land modification method improvement once, you can realize continuous farming.
Absolutely prove that this is better than other methods for the modifying agent and method of cement soda alkaline land above, and use
Modifying agent be readily obtained, it is cheap, it is easy to operate, it is practical, be to carry out the reason that cement soda alkaline land is administered
Want to select.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. cement soda alkaline land modifying agent, it is characterised in that：In parts by weight, it is made up of following raw material：Coarse sand 1000 ~ 4000 parts, rifamycin 80 ~ 250 parts of the filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment, 30 ~ 200 parts of calcium superphosphate, sulfuric acid Asia 3 ~ 15 parts of 3 ~ 15 parts of iron, 1 ~ 12 part of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride；Wherein rifamycin fermentation filter residue innocent treatment procedure be：Rifamycin fermentation filter residue is filtered off into moisture, in sunlight It is lower to dry 3 ~ 5 days, compost is then carried out, Bian Dui spreads water when treading in composting process, moisture in fermenting filter residue to rifamycin Content is 55 ~ 65%, and heap 3 ~ 5m of bottom width, heap is high 2 ~ 3 meters, and heap in echelon or triangle, covers canopy film after heap is good, holding 2 ~ 3 weeks, Innoxious process can be completed.
- A kind of 2. cement soda alkaline land modifying agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In parts by weight, by Following raw material composition：2000 ~ 3000 parts of coarse sand, rifamycin 150 ~ 200 parts of the filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment, peroxophosphoric acid 8 ~ 12 parts of 60 ~ 150 parts of calcium, 4 ~ 12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 ~ 10 parts of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride.
- A kind of 3. cement soda alkaline land modifying agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In parts by weight, by Following raw material composition：1000 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand, rifamycin 80 ~ 250 parts of the filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment, peroxophosphoric acid 3 ~ 10 parts of 30 ~ 200 parts of calcium, 5 ~ 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1 ~ 6 part of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride.
- A kind of 4. cement soda alkaline land modifying agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Glucosamine hydrochloric acid The mass ratio of salt, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate is 2 ~ 4：2~4：1~3.
- 5. a kind of cement soda alkaline land modifying agent described in claim 1 is used for the technique of alkaline land improving, its feature exists In：Comprise the following steps：1. in parts by weight, by 1000 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand, 80 ~ 250 parts of rifamycin fermentation filter residue after harmless treatment and 30 ~ 200 parts of calcium superphosphate, it is well mixed, obtains mixture, be then uniformly sprinkling upon 80% mixture of percentage by weight saline and alkaline Ground soil surface, turn over one time, ploughed depth 15cm, rotary tillage one time, 10 ~ 15cm of rotary tillage depth；2. remaining mixture is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline ground surface, rotary tillage one time, 10 ~ 15cm of rotary tillage depth；3. with microspray irrigation equipment by 3 ~ 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 ~ 15 parts of 1 ~ 12 part of aluminum sulfate and aminoglucose hydrochloride are with filling Water applies Tanaka, every mu of 30 ~ 35 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding after irrigation；3. after 2 ~ 3 days, then irrigate once, every mu of 30 ~ 35 sides that pour water, earth's surface not ponding, cement soda after being improved after irrigation Type salt-soda soil.
- 6. the technique according to claim 5 for alkaline land improving, it is characterised in that：Determine to send out according to the pH value of soil sample The ratio of ferment filter residue, specifically：During pH value 7-8.5, rifamycin 80 ~ 100 parts of the filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment；PH value During 8.5-9.5, rifamycin 100 ~ 150 parts of the filter residue of fermentation after harmless treatment；During pH value 9.5-10, through harmless treatment Rifamycin 150 ~ 200 parts of filter residue of fermentation afterwards, when pH value is more than 10, the rifamycin fermentation filter residue after harmless treatment 200 ~ 250 parts.
- 7. the technique according to claim 5 for alkaline land improving, it is characterised in that：According to the clay content of soil sample and Basicity determines the ratio of coarse sand, specifically：When clay content 60-70%, basicity are less than 60%, 1000 ~ 1500 parts of coarse sand；It is viscous When grain content 60-70%, basicity are more than 60% or clay content 70-85%, basicity is less than 60%, 1500 ~ 2500 parts of coarse sand；It is viscous Grain content 70-85%, basicity are more than 60% or clay content when being more than 85%, basicity and being less than 60%, 2500 ~ 3500 parts of coarse sand； When clay content is more than 85%, basicity more than 60%, 3500 ~ 4000 parts of coarse sand.
- 8. the technique according to claim 5 for alkaline land improving, it is characterised in that：According to the exchangeable sodium of soil sample from Sub- content determines the dosage of calcium superphosphate, and specific formula is as follows：Y=a*80%*0.2*666*1350/100/2*234/1000；Y is that calcium superphosphate dosage/kg, a is the content/cmol/kg for exchanging sodium ion, and 80% is conversion factor, and 0.2*666 is every Volume/m of mu soil 20cm soil layers3, 1350 be weight/kg/m of unit volume soil3, 100 are for what cmol was converted to mol Number, 2 be calcium ion charge number, and 234 be calcium superphosphate molecular weight, and 1000 be the coefficient that g is converted to kg.
- 9. the technique according to claim 5 for alkaline land improving, it is characterised in that：Determined according to the basicity of soil sample Aminoglucose hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：The weight ratio of aluminum sulfate, specifically：When basicity is more than 60%, Glucosamine Hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：Aluminum sulfate=4：2：3；When basicity is 40 ~ 60%, aminoglucose hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：Sulphur Sour aluminium=3：3：1；When basicity is less than 40%, aminoglucose hydrochloride：Ferrous sulfate：Aluminum sulfate=2：4：1；Glucosamine salt is determined with 20% equivalence of metal cation summation in each component and soil exchangeable sodium ions content The dosage of hydrochlorate, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate, specific formula are as follows：X=a*20%*0.2*666*1350/100/1000/（The gross mass numbers of mass fraction * 2//278+ sulfuric acid shared by ferrous sulfate Gross mass number/342 of mass fraction * 6/ shared by aluminium）；X is that aminoglucose hydrochloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate total dosage/kg, a are the content/cmol/ for exchanging sodium ion Kg, 20% is conversion factor, and 0.2*666 is volume/m of every mu of soil 20cm soil layer3, 1350 for unit volume soil weight/ kg/m3, 100 be the coefficient that cmol is converted to mol, and 1000 be the coefficient that g is converted to kg, and 2 be iron ion charge number, and 278 be sulphur Sour ferrous molecules amount, 6 be 2 aluminium ion charge numbers, and 342 be aluminum sulfate molecular weight.
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