CN107545353B - Quantitative evaluation method for influence degree of geological disasters on road traffic - Google Patents
Quantitative evaluation method for influence degree of geological disasters on road traffic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quantitative evaluation method for influence degree of geological disasters on road traffic reaching tourist attractions, which comprises the following steps: 1) determining a main passenger source area and an evaluation range influencing the road traffic reaching the tourist attractions; 2) calculating the road traffic accessibility of each main passenger source region passenger to the scenic spots; 3) determining the weight of each geological disaster influence factor in the region, selecting and grading key indexes of each influence factor, calculating geological disaster risk by using GIS software and partitioning; 4) endowing the geological disaster risk values within the range of 200m at the two sides of the road to the corresponding section of road as a weight, and calculating the road traffic accessibility of each main passenger source to the scenic spots under the weight; 5) and (3) dividing the road traffic accessibility without the influence of the geological disaster from the road traffic accessibility with the influence of the geological disaster and the road traffic accessibility with the influence of the geological disaster, so as to obtain an influence index of the geological disaster on the road traffic in the scenic spot, and quantitatively evaluating the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic in the tourist scenic spot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for quantitatively evaluating the influence degree of geological disasters on road traffic, in particular to a method for quantitatively evaluating the influence degree of the geological disasters in tourist attractions on the road traffic based on traffic accessibility.
Background
At present, the evaluation of the influence of the geological disasters of the road is needed due to the requirement of engineering construction, but the evaluation is carried out on one road or a certain section of one road, the evaluation result is segmented according to the geological disaster danger of the road, the damage or influence of the geological disasters on the road can be only qualitatively recognized according to the proportion of high-risk sections, the density of geological disaster points and the like, and meanwhile, the comparison between different roads and even between different sections of the same road is difficult.
The existing research on the geological disasters of the roads is mostly research on the risk evaluation and the zoning, and firstly, the quantitative evaluation is not carried out on one or one section of road, and the road is only a zone with relative risk, so that the road is difficult to be transversely compared quantitatively under the influence of the geological disasters or the degree of damage, and the transverse comparison can be carried out if the parameter selection is unified, but the qualitative comparison is also mainly carried out;
although the disaster point density is often used to represent the degree of influence of the road from the geological disaster, due to the differences in the scale of the geological disaster, the outbreak frequency, and the like, the degree of influence from the disaster is not the same even for the road sections with the same disaster point density, and some of them are even different greatly.
In view of this, a method capable of quantitatively describing the influence of geological disasters on road traffic is needed, which can quantitatively compare different roads and different sections, so as to provide more information for tourist travel route selection in the big data era.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a quantitative evaluation method of the influence degree of a geological disaster on road traffic based on traffic accessibility, aiming at the problem that the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic is not evaluated quantitatively in the prior art. The method is used for quantitatively reflecting the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic aiming at the quantitative evaluation of the road traffic influenced by the geological disaster.
The specific scheme of the invention is as follows:
the method for quantitatively evaluating the influence degree of geological disasters on road traffic based on traffic accessibility comprises the following steps:
1) determining a main passenger source area and an evaluation area range influencing the road traffic of the tourist attraction;
2) determining the proportion of road traffic passenger flow of each main passenger source area, and calculating the road traffic accessibility of the passengers of each main passenger source area reaching the scenic spots by taking the proportion as the weight;
3) determining the weight of each geological disaster influence factor in the region, selecting and grading key indexes of each influence factor, calculating geological disaster risk by using GIS software and partitioning;
4) endowing the geological disaster risk values within 200m range at two sides of the road to the corresponding section of road as a weight, and calculating the road traffic accessibility of each main passenger source to the scenic spots under the condition that the geological disaster influence weight exists;
5) and (3) dividing the road traffic accessibility without the influence of the geological disaster from the road traffic accessibility with the influence of the geological disaster and the road traffic accessibility with the influence of the geological disaster, so as to obtain a quantitative evaluation value of the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic in the scenic spot, and further quantitatively evaluate the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic in the tourist scenic spot.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the method provided by the invention is based on a highway traffic accessibility method, takes the geological disaster danger of a highway passing area as weight, takes the ratio of highway traffic accessibility in the area before and after the influence of the geological disaster as a parameter, and carries out quantitative evaluation;
2. the method provided by the invention is carried out on the basis of the traditional regional geological disaster risk evaluation method, and the method is widely and mature;
3. compared with the existing qualitative evaluation method for the distribution density of the disaster points of the road influenced by the geological disaster, the evaluation method has the characteristic of quantification, and can reflect the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic through one parameter;
4. the evaluation method also has the characteristic of standardization, and by using the unified geological disaster area risk evaluation method, the finally obtained evaluation parameters can be standardized, so that transverse comparison can be carried out, which cannot be realized by the conventional evaluation method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a geological disaster risk classification and zonal evaluation procedure;
FIG. 2 illustrates a road traffic reachability calculation step without taking geological disaster effects into account;
FIG. 3 illustrates a road traffic accessibility calculation step under the influence of geological disasters;
FIG. 4 shows the calculation steps of the influence of geological disasters on road traffic based on traffic accessibility.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for quantitatively evaluating the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic based on the traffic accessibility comprises the following steps:
1) according to the tourist source survey of the scenic spot, the number of tourists in each main tourist source place in the scenic spot is obtained, wherein an airport and a railway station are also used as the tourist source places for road traffic, and the number of tourists arriving through the road traffic at a longer distance is estimated according to the distribution condition of main roads in the scenic spot;
2) calculating the road traffic accessibility of each passenger source area in the area to the scenic spot by taking the proportion of the amount of the tourists arriving at the scenic spot through the road from each main passenger source area in the area as the passenger source geological volume, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,Athe weighted average travel time in the road traffic network of each main passenger source area in the area is shown, and the lower the value of the weighted average travel time is, the shorter the time of arriving at the scenic spot is, the better the accessibility is;T i the shortest travel time from each source to the attraction,M i for the quality of each passenger source place, the proportion of the number of the tourists in each passenger source place to the total number of the tourists is used as a weight;
3) carrying out geological disaster danger zoning on the determined evaluation range;
determining indexes for describing conventional factors influencing the development of geological disasters, and grading:
the conventional factors influencing the geological disaster comprise stratum lithology, a geological structure, new structure activities, terrain, precipitation and the like, the parameters for representing the characteristics can be various, the following parameters which can represent the functions of the factors in the geological disaster activities are selected and graded and quantized by closely combining the influence strength and the mode of the relevant factors on the geological disaster, and the higher the grade is, the more beneficial to the formation and the development of the geological disaster is:
the weathering coefficient of the rock is as follows: generally, the softer the lithology of the rock, the more susceptible it is to weathering. Lithology is divided into three categories, hard, medium and soft. Hard rocks such as limestone and quartzite are not easily weathered and peeled off. Soft rocks are represented by fourth-line shale and phyllite, have deep weathering, small blocks and poor corrosion resistance, and are easy to be a material source of geological disasters. The medium hard rocks mainly including sandstone, granite and metamorphic rocks have the effect between soft rocks and hard rocks. Assigning values to different types of rocks respectively, wherein the soft rocks are taken as 10, the medium rocks are taken as 5, and the hard rocks are taken as 3;
fault influence coefficient: the zone through which the fracture passes, rock mass fracture and stress concentration are beneficial to the occurrence of geological disasters, and the distribution and influence of the fracture zone can be used for representing the influence of geological structure characteristics on the development of the geological disasters (Table 1);
TABLE 1 Table of the impact Range and value List for different levels of fracture zone
New structure activity coefficient: the earthquake is an expression form of strong motion of a new structure, the influence of the earthquake on the earth surface is mainly represented by intensity serving as a parameter, and the earthquake peak acceleration is converted by an intensity value, so that the influence of earthquake motion on the earth surface can be represented by the earthquake peak acceleration (table 2);
TABLE 2 table of earthquake influence coefficients
| Peak seismic acceleration | >0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.1 |
| Coefficient of influence | 10 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
Topographic influence coefficient: the energy-saving cutting device can provide sufficient energy conditions for geological disasters in areas with broken terrain, strong cutting, steep slopes and rapid and large relative altitude difference. The terrain condition influences the occurrence of geological disasters in two aspects of relative height difference and gradient, the relative height difference provides energy conditions for the occurrence of the geological disasters, and the terrain gradient is a main factor for converting potential energy of rock and soil bodies into kinetic energy. Generally, the relative height difference is also larger in places with large gradient, so that the gradient parameter is selected to represent the terrain features (table 3);
TABLE 3 grade Classification criteria and assignments
Influence coefficient of precipitation: precipitation not only provides water source conditions for the occurrence of geological disasters, but also is an exciting factor of geological disasters such as debris flow, landslide and the like. According to the research, most of geological disasters are stimulated by liquid form precipitation, namely rainfall, so that the total value of the average precipitation for many years is selected as a parameter (table 4);
TABLE 4 evaluation of mean precipitation over years
| Assignment of value | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 10 |
| Average precipitation over many years | <300 | 300-450 | 450-600 | 600-750 | >750 |
② calculating the weighted sum of the conventional influence factors of the geological disaster to obtain the risk value of the geological disasterRcAnd grading:
firstly, determining the weight of each conventional factor influencing geological disasters by using an analytic hierarchy processW i (Table 5); then, dividing the area to be evaluated into grids, and determining the grading value of each geological disaster influence factor characterization parameter in each gridBc i Finally, the weighted sum of each grid is found using the following formula:
TABLE 5 weight of each impact factor for Risk calculation
4) Endowing the geological disaster risk values within the range of 200m at the two sides of the road to the corresponding section of road as a weight, and calculating the road traffic accessibility of each main passenger source to the scenic spots under the condition that the geological disaster influence weight exists, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,A R the method comprises the steps of enabling road traffic accessibility in road traffic networks of main passenger source places in a lower area affected by geological disasters;T i the shortest travel time from each source to the attraction,M i for the quality of each of the destinations,C i the geological disaster risk value of the road;
5) (iii) will have road traffic accessibility without the influence of geological disasters (ii)A) And road traffic accessibility with geological disaster impact weightingA C ) And (3) dividing to obtain an influence index (R) of the geological disaster on the highway traffic in the scenic area, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
the physical meaning of this value is that the road traffic accessibility (i.e. the average travel time) under the influence of a geological disaster is a multiple of the road traffic accessibility without the influence of a geological disaster.
The index of influence of the geological disaster on the road traffic of the scenic area is a quantitative evaluation value of the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic of the tourist attraction, and the index represents that under the influence of the geological disaster, the average time of the road traffic reaching the scenic area is multiple of the average time of the road traffic without the geological disaster under the same condition, and the numerical value is higher, so that the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic is larger, and the quantitative evaluation of the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic based on the traffic accessibility is completed.
According to the quantitative evaluation method for the influence degree of the geological disaster on the road traffic, provided by the invention, the influence degree of the geological disaster on tourist attractions is evaluated.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the claims to be filed, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific embodiments of the present invention, and any modification or equivalent substitution that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the claims to be filed.
Claims (2)
1. A quantitative evaluation method for influence degree of geological disasters on road traffic of scenic spots is characterized in that conventional and mature geological disaster dangerous subareas are used, and a geological disaster danger value of a road section is used as a weight for calculating road traffic accessibility, so that the road traffic accessibility of scenic spots under the influence of the geological disasters is calculated, and is divided by the road traffic accessibility of scenic spots without considering the influence of the geological disasters to obtain an influence index of the geological disasters on the road traffic reaching the scenic spots, and the influence degree of the geological disasters on the road traffic is expressed by using the parameter, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
1) determining a main passenger source area and an evaluation range influencing the road traffic of the tourist attraction;
2) determining the proportion of road traffic passenger flow in each main passenger source area, and calculating the road traffic accessibility of the passengers arriving at the scenic spots in each main passenger source area in the area by taking the proportion as the weight;
3) determining the weight of each geological disaster influence factor in the region, selecting and grading key indexes of each influence factor, calculating geological disaster risk by using GIS software and partitioning;
4) endowing geological disaster risk values within 200m range of two sides of the road to the corresponding section of road as a weight, and calculating the road traffic accessibility of each main passenger source region passenger to the scenic spot under the condition that the geological disaster influence weight exists;
5) dividing the highway traffic accessibility without the influence of the geological disaster from the highway traffic accessibility with the influence of the geological disaster and with the influence weight to obtain an influence index of the geological disaster on the highway traffic in the scenic area;
the index of the geological disaster influencing the road traffic is an influence index;
R＝Ac/A
wherein R is an index of influence of the geological disaster on the highway traffic in the scenic spot, A is the highway traffic accessibility without the influence of the geological disaster, and Ac is the highway traffic accessibility under the influence of the geological disaster influence weight.
2. The evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation method of the road traffic influence index of the scenic spot due to the geological disaster in the step 5) comprises the following steps: and dividing the highway traffic accessibility without the influence of the geological disaster from the highway traffic accessibility with the influence of the geological disaster and the highway traffic accessibility with the influence of the geological disaster, so as to obtain an index of influence of the geological disaster on the highway traffic in the scenic area, wherein the higher the numerical value is, the greater the influence degree of the geological disaster on the highway traffic is.
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