CN107266102A - 一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体 - Google Patents

一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体 Download PDF

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CN107266102A
CN107266102A CN201710478701.XA CN201710478701A CN107266102A CN 107266102 A CN107266102 A CN 107266102A CN 201710478701 A CN201710478701 A CN 201710478701A CN 107266102 A CN107266102 A CN 107266102A
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姚永祥
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体，本发明首先以九水合硝酸铝、八水氧氯化锆为主要原料，硝酸钇为稳定剂，配制成溶液，采用喷雾干燥法制备氧化锆增韧氧化铝超细粉体，与普通湿法球磨制成的氧化锆粉末稀松，能够均匀的分散在氧化铝中，不产生团聚；然后利用二氧化硅、过量的三水合氟化铝进行原位生成莫来石的晶须；最后通过高温煅烧，一方面高温状态下，氧化锆的四方相形成，对氧化铝陶瓷体系起到增韧的效果；另一方面，高温有利于莫来石晶须的增长，增强了氧化铝陶瓷的韧性，同时避免了两相不兼容以及晶须分散不均匀的问题。

Description

一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体
技术领域
本发明涉及日用陶瓷技术领域，尤其涉及一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体。
背景技术
氧化铝陶瓷是具有高温强度高、抗氧化性、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性的高性能结构陶瓷，且易烧结、价格低廉， 因此获得了广泛应用。但是，氧化铝陶瓷的机械强度、断裂韧度在某些领域已不能满足工作需求， 强度更高、耐磨性更好的结构陶瓷材料备受关注。氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷 (简称ZTA)材料是指以氧化铝为母相基质，引入相变材料 二氧化锆而形成的一种复相陶瓷材料。氧化锆相变增韧氧化铝，既保留了氧化铝陶瓷材料的高硬度特性，又显现出氧化锆高强度高韧性的优点，从而改善了基体氧化铝的断裂韧度，使其具有较高的耐磨性能。
现有技术中将氧化锆粉体与氧化铝进行混合， 进行湿磨或干磨， 但由这种方法制得的粉体中氧化锆的分布不均匀，从而会造成最终产品陶瓷的显微结构的不均匀。这就需要多氧化锆增强氧化铝的方式进行改性，从而得到强度、韧性均强的氧化铝陶瓷。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体，具体制备方法如下：
（1）将九水合硝酸铝与八水氧氯化锆混合均匀后溶解于8-10倍量的去离子水中，然后加入适量的硝酸钇，以300-400转/分的速度搅拌至完全溶解，最后加入适量的浓度为25wt%的双氧水进行氧化除杂，待用；
（2）将上述产物静置90-120分钟后送入喷雾干燥机中进行喷雾干燥，得到氧化锆增韧氧化铝超细粉体；然后将其放入球磨罐中，加入适量的二氧化硅、三水合氟化铝，控制球料比为2.5-3:1，以去离子水为分散剂，湿法球磨12-16小时，利用鼓风干燥箱120-130℃下干燥，最后过100目筛，得到改性氧化铝前驱体；
（3）将改性氧化铝前驱体加入0.3-0.4倍量的去离子水进行陈化，然后放入模具中干压成型，再将成型的陶瓷坯体放入箱式电炉中以8-10℃/min升温速率升温于至300-350℃保温90-120分钟，继续升温至1400-1500℃，保温2-3小时，冷却至室温后即可。
所述的一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体的制备方法，步骤（1）中所述的九水合硝酸铝、八水氧氯化锆的质量比为15:1；所述的硝酸钇的添加量为九水合硝酸铝与八水氧氯化锆总量的1-1.5%。
所述的一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体的制备方法，步骤（1）中所述的浓度为25wt%的双氧水的添加量为九水合硝酸铝、八水氧氯化锆、硝酸钇总量的1-1.5倍。
所述的一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体的制备方法，步骤（2）中所述的氧化锆氧化铝陶瓷前驱体、三水合氟化铝、二氧化硅的质量比为88:3:9。
所述的一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体的制备方法，步骤（3）中所述的干压成型的压力控制为100MPa。
本发明的优点是：本发明首先以九水合硝酸铝、八水氧氯化锆为主要原料，硝酸钇为稳定剂，配制成溶液，采用喷雾干燥法制备氧化锆增韧氧化铝超细粉体，与普通湿法球磨制成的氧化锆粉末稀松，能够均匀的分散在氧化铝中，不产生团聚；然后利用二氧化硅、过量的三水合氟化铝进行原位生成莫来石的晶须，与现有技术先比，本发明配方中采用饱和的三水合氟化铝，其过饱和度可以满足晶须定向生长的需要，能够保证晶须沿着一定的方向进行择优生长，因而可以形成直径较长、长径比较大的莫来石晶须；最后通过高温煅烧，一方面高温状态下，氧化锆的四方相形成，对氧化铝陶瓷体系起到增韧的效果；另一方面，高温有利于莫来石晶须的增长，增强了氧化铝陶瓷的韧性，同时避免了两相不兼容以及晶须分散不均匀的问题；通过本发明制备方法制备的氧化铝陶瓷坯体，通过进一步的上釉，可以得到高韧性、高强度的高品质日用陶瓷器具。
具体实施方式
一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体，具体制备方法如下：
（1）将300g九水合硝酸铝与20g八水氧氯化锆混合均匀后溶解于8倍量的去离子水中，然后加入3.2g硝酸钇，以300转/分的速度搅拌至完全溶解，最后加入650g浓度为25wt%的双氧水进行氧化除杂，待用；
（2）将上述产物静置90分钟后送入喷雾干燥机中进行喷雾干燥，得到氧化锆增韧氧化铝超细粉体；然后将其放入球磨罐中，加入适量的33g二氧化硅、11g三水合氟化铝，控制球料比为2.5:1，以去离子水为分散剂，湿法球磨12小时，利用鼓风干燥箱120℃下干燥，最后过100目筛，得到改性氧化铝前驱体；
（3）将改性氧化铝前驱体加入0.3倍量的去离子水进行陈化，然后放入模具中干压成型,压力控制为100MPa，再将成型的陶瓷坯体放入箱式电炉中以8℃/min升温速率升温于至300℃保温90分钟，继续升温至1400℃，保温2小时，冷却至室温后即可。

Claims (5)

1.一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体，其特征在于，具体制备方法如下：
（1）将九水合硝酸铝与八水氧氯化锆混合均匀后溶解于8-10倍量的去离子水中，然后加入适量的硝酸钇，以300-400转/分的速度搅拌至完全溶解，最后加入适量的浓度为25wt%的双氧水进行氧化除杂，待用；
（2）将上述产物静置90-120分钟后送入喷雾干燥机中进行喷雾干燥，得到氧化锆增韧氧化铝超细粉体；然后将其放入球磨罐中，加入适量的二氧化硅、三水合氟化铝，控制球料比为2.5-3:1，以去离子水为分散剂，湿法球磨12-16小时，利用鼓风干燥箱120-130℃下干燥，最后过100目筛，得到改性氧化铝前驱体；
（3）将改性氧化铝前驱体加入0.3-0.4倍量的去离子水进行陈化，然后放入模具中干压成型，再将成型的陶瓷坯体放入箱式电炉中以8-10℃/min升温速率升温于至300-350℃保温90-120分钟，继续升温至1400-1500℃，保温2-3小时，冷却至室温后即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）中所述的九水合硝酸铝、八水氧氯化锆的质量比为15:1；所述的硝酸钇的添加量为九水合硝酸铝与八水氧氯化锆总量的1-1.5%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）中所述的浓度为25wt%的双氧水的添加量为九水合硝酸铝、八水氧氯化锆、硝酸钇总量的1-1.5倍。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（2）中所述的氧化锆氧化铝陶瓷前驱体、三水合氟化铝、二氧化硅的质量比为88:3:9。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合工艺制备莫来石氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷坯体的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（3）中所述的干压成型的压力控制为100MPa。
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