CN107228520A - Refrigerating plant - Google Patents

Refrigerating plant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107228520A
CN107228520A CN201610741304.2A CN201610741304A CN107228520A CN 107228520 A CN107228520 A CN 107228520A CN 201610741304 A CN201610741304 A CN 201610741304A CN 107228520 A CN107228520 A CN 107228520A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pressure
refrigerant
compressor
refrigerator
refrigerating plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610741304.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
仓田裕辅
三原彦
三原一彦
伊泽雄
伊泽雄一
桑原修
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Application filed by Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd filed Critical Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Publication of CN107228520A publication Critical patent/CN107228520A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D13/00—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/072—Intercoolers therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
    • F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/027—Compressor control by controlling pressure
    • F25B2600/0271—Compressor control by controlling pressure the discharge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2109—Temperatures of a separator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of refrigerating plant, when overload condition, can also reduce refrigerator outlet pressure, carries out the liquefaction of the refrigerant in intercooler, can increase refrigerating capacity.Control device（60）Controlled as follows：Work as refrigerator（2）Outlet pressure be higher than critical pressure when, make intercooler（30）Upstream side decompression motor-driven valve（31）Aperture reduce.Thus, in intercooler（30）In, the liquefaction of refrigerant is carried out by the gas-liquid separation of refrigerant, therefore, it is possible to make refrigerator outlet pressure be less than critical pressure, liquid refrigerant showcase can be transported to（3）.As a result, showcase（3）Main throttling unit（41）Entrance side refrigerant specific enthalpy decline, cooling effect can be increased.

Description

Refrigerating plant
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigerating plant, more particularly to refrigerant loop is by compressor, gas cooler, intermediate heat exchanger And evaporator is constituted and high-pressure side turns into the refrigerating plant of supercritical pressure.
Background technology
All the time, in the large-scale shop such as in supermarket, refrigerating plant is widely used for, the refrigerating plant is provided with Multiple refrigerated display cases or refrigerator display case, and operate these showcases using refrigerator.
As such refrigerating plant, in the past, for example, following such technology is disclosed.That is, refrigerating plant has：With place The pressure adjustment that is connected of refrigerant loop in the downstream of gas cooler and upstream side in main throttling unit is saved Flow unit；And with the downstream in pressure adjustment throttling unit and in main throttling unit upstream side refrigerant return The intercooler that road is connected, is controlled by control unit to pressure adjustment with the aperture of throttling unit, thus will stream The pressure for becoming owner of the refrigerant of throttling unit is adjusted to predetermined setting (such as referenced patent document 1).
【Patent document 1】：International Publication WO2014/068967
However, in the technology described in above-mentioned patent document 1, even if the aperture for aiding in throttling unit is set into maximum, There is also the situation that outlet pressure can not be reduced to authorized pressure.Especially, under the conditions of the overload such as daytime in full summer, Sometimes outlet pressure can turn into the pressure higher than critical pressure 7.3Mpa, now, due to that can not carry out liquid in intercooler Change, it is impossible to increase cooling effect using liquefaction, therefore there is the problem of cooling performance decline.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to complete in view of the foregoing, its object is to provide when overload condition, also can Refrigerator outlet pressure is reduced, the freezing that can be carried out the liquefaction of the refrigerant in intercooler and increase refrigerating capacity is filled Put.
In order to achieve the above object, refrigerating plant of the invention is following such refrigerating plant, and it is by refrigerator and old Row cabinet is constituted, and the refrigerator has compressor, charge air cooler, gas cooler, decompression motor-driven valve, the cooling during rolling of two stages of compression Device and return-air motor-driven valve, the showcase have main throttling unit and evaporator, and the refrigerating plant is characterised by, described Refrigerating plant has control device, and the control device is controlled as follows：When the outlet pressure of the refrigerator is higher than critical During pressure, reduce the aperture of the decompression motor-driven valve of the upstream side of the intercooler.
Thus, in intercooler, the liquefaction of refrigerant is carried out by the gas-liquid separation of refrigerant, thus enabled that Refrigerator outlet pressure is less than critical pressure, liquid refrigerant can be transported into showcase.Thus, the main throttling list of showcase The specific enthalpy of the refrigerant of the entrance side of member declines, and can increase cooling effect.
In such a configuration or, the control device is controlled as follows：When the discharge side of the compressor High-pressure and design pressure difference be less than 1MPa when, decline the rotation amount of the compressor.
In such a configuration or, the control device is controlled as follows：When the discharge side of the compressor High-pressure and the difference of design pressure when being less than 1MPa, the rotation amount of the compressor is declined and is ensure that the row of compressor Go out after the high-pressure of side and the difference of design pressure, reduce the aperture of the decompression motor-driven valve.
In accordance with the invention it is possible to make refrigerator outlet pressure be less than critical pressure, liquid refrigerant can be transported to old Row cabinet.Thus, the specific enthalpy of the refrigerant of the entrance side of the main throttling unit of showcase declines, and can increase cooling effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the loop diagram of the freeze cycle for the embodiment for showing the refrigerating plant of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram for the control device for showing present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for the control action for showing present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the p-h line charts of the control based on control of the invention and prior art.
Label declaration
1：Refrigerating plant；2：Refrigerator；3：Showcase；10：Compressor；11：Freezing heat exchanger；13：Gas cooling Device；14：Charge air cooler；15：Oil cooler；16：Air Blast fan；26：Oil pipe；28：Oil adjustment motor-driven valve；30：Intermediate heat exchanger； 31：Depressurize motor-driven valve；32：Separate heat exchanger；33：Branch's pipe arrangement；34：Return liquid expansion valve；35：Return-air motor-driven valve；40：Steam Send out device；41：Main throttling unit；50：High-pressure pressure sensor；51：Low-pressure sensor；52：Middle pressure pressure sensor；53： Refrigerator outlet pressure sensor；54：Refrigerator inlet temperature sensor；55：Refrigerator outlet temperature sensor；56：Discharge Temperature sensor；57：Gas cooler exit temperature sensor；58：Outside air temperature sensor；59：Shunting outlet TEMP Device；60：Control device.
Embodiment
1st invention is following such refrigerating plant, and it is made up of refrigerator and showcase, and the refrigerator has two-stage pressure Compressor, charge air cooler, gas cooler, decompression motor-driven valve, intercooler and the return-air motor-driven valve of contracting, showcase tool There are main throttling unit and evaporator, the refrigerating plant is characterised by, the refrigerating plant has control device, the control dress Put and controlled as follows：When the outlet pressure of the refrigerator is higher than critical pressure, make the upstream side of the intercooler The decompression motor-driven valve aperture reduce.
Thus, in intercooler, refrigerator outlet pressure can be made to be less than critical pressure, therefore, it is possible to pass through refrigeration The gas-liquid separation of agent carries out the liquefaction of refrigerant, liquid refrigerant can be transported into showcase.Thus, the main section of showcase The specific enthalpy for flowing the refrigerant of the entrance side of unit declines, and can increase cooling effect.
2nd invention is following such refrigerating plant, it is characterised in that control device is controlled as follows：Work as compressor Discharge side high-pressure and design pressure difference be less than 1MPa when, decline the rotation amount of compressor.
Thus, by declining the rotation amount of compressor, refrigerator outlet pressure is enabled to decline.In such case Under, by declining the rotation amount of compressor, the internal circulating load of refrigerant is reduced, but due to that can decline the specific enthalpy of refrigerant, Therefore cooling effect increase, can increase cooling capacity.
3rd invention is following such refrigerating plant, it is characterised in that control device is controlled as follows：Work as compressor Discharge side high-pressure and design pressure difference be less than 1MPa when, make compressor rotation amount decline and ensure that compressor The high-pressure of discharge side and the difference of design pressure after, reduce decompression motor-driven valve aperture.
Thus, after it ensure that the difference of the high-pressure of discharge side of compressor and design pressure, opening for motor-driven valve is depressurized Degree reduces, and thus enables that refrigerator outlet pressure declines.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention are illustrated referring to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is the loop diagram of the freeze cycle for the embodiment for showing the refrigerating plant of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, refrigerating plant 1 has：The refrigerator 2 that is cooled down to refrigerant and by defeated from refrigerator 2 The refrigerant sent is come the showcase 3 that is cooled down.In the facility such as being arranged at convenience store or supermarket of showcase 3, for institute The freezer commodity of display are cooled down.
In addition, in the present embodiment, refrigerating plant 1 has used on high-tension side refrigerant pressure (high-pressure) to reach it It is more than critical pressure that the carbon dioxide of (overcritical) is used as refrigerant.The carbon dioxide coolant is to be beneficial to examining for earth environment The natural refrigerant of flammable and toxicity etc. is considered.
In addition, refrigerator 2 is compressed the compressor 10 of action with point two-stage.Match somebody with somebody on compressor 10 via refrigerant Pipe 12 is connected with freezing heat exchanger 11, and freezing is with heat exchanger 11 by gas cooler 13, charge air cooler 14, oil cooler 15 And Air Blast fan 16 is constituted.
The 1st suction inlet 20 and the 1st outlet 21 in the compression mechanism of the first order are provided with compressor 10, and is set It is equipped with the 2nd suction inlet 22 and the 2nd outlet 23 in the compression mechanism of the second level.
2nd outlet 23 of compressor 10 is connected via refrigerant piping 12 with separator 24, and separator 24 is via system Cryogen pipe arrangement 12 is connected with gas cooler 13.The refrigerant piping 12 being connected in the 2nd outlet 23 with compressor 10 Middle part is provided with check-valves 25.
Oil in the separation refrigerant of separator 24, separator 24 is configured to：Oil cooler 15 is connected to via oil pipe 26 Entrance side, the oil isolated by separator 24 is supplied to oil cooler 15.In addition, the outlet side of oil cooler 15 is via oil Pipe 26 is connected to the intergrade of compressor 10.
The middle part of oil pipe 26 is provided with the oily auxiliary valve 27 being made up of three-way valve and oil adjustment motor-driven valve 28.
It is configured to：1st suction inlet 20 of compressor 10 sucks the refrigerant conveyed from showcase 3, utilizes the pressure of the first order Press and discharged from the 1st outlet 21 in contracting mechanism boil down to.
In addition, the 1st outlet 21 of compressor 10 is connected to the entrance side of charge air cooler 14 via refrigerant piping 12, in The outlet side of cooler 14 is connected to the 2nd suction inlet 22 of compressor 10 via refrigerant piping 12.
And it is configured to：The refrigerant for being compressed to middle pressure and discharging from the 1st outlet 21 of compressor 10 is via refrigeration Agent pipe arrangement 12 flows into charge air cooler 14, in charge air cooler 14, cold by the action of Air Blast fan 16 and outer gas progress heat exchange But after, the 2nd suction inlet 22 of compressor 10 is returned to.And it is configured to：The compression mechanism of the second level is utilized in compressor 10 Discharge pressure of the refrigerant compression for needed for and from the 2nd outlet 23, gas cooler 13 is transported to via separator 24.
In addition, gas cooler 13 makes the refrigerant and the outer gas that are conveyed from compressor 10 by making the action of Air Blast fan 16 Carry out heat exchange and cooled down, and because carbon dioxide coolant is non-condensing, therefore in the supercritical state directly as height Body of calming the anger is conveyed.
In addition, being connected with intercooler 30 via refrigerant piping 12 on gas cooler 13, match somebody with somebody in the refrigerant The middle part of pipe 12 is provided with the decompression motor-driven valve 31 for being depressurized to the refrigerant conveyed from gas cooler 13.
Separate heat exchanger 32 is connected with the refrigerant piping 12 of the outlet side of intercooler 30.
It is connected with the refrigerant piping 12 of the outlet side of separate heat exchanger 32 from the branch of the refrigerant piping 12 Branch's pipe arrangement 33, branch's pipe arrangement 33 via return liquid expansion valve 34 be connected to separate heat exchanger 32.Refrigerant piping 12 The flow direction that refrigerant is configured as with branch pipe arrangement 33 is convection current, and is configured to make to flow through refrigerant piping 12 Refrigerant efficiently carries out heat exchange with flowing through the refrigerant of branch's pipe arrangement 33.
Refrigerant being connected with via return-air motor-driven valve 35 on intercooler 30 and returning to pipe arrangement 36, refrigerant returns to pipe arrangement 36 are connected with branch pipe arrangement 33.
It is connected with the refrigerant piping 12 of the outlet side of separate heat exchanger 32 for the evaporator to showcase 3 The outlet auxiliary valve 37 of 40 conveying refrigerants.On the other hand, in the refrigerant piping for the 1st suction inlet 20 for being connected to compressor 10 On 12, the entrance auxiliary valve 38 returned for the refrigerant of the evaporator 40 from showcase 3 is connected with.
Branch's pipe arrangement 33 of the outlet side of separate heat exchanger 32 is connected with the outlet side of charge air cooler 14.
Also, return liquid expansion valve 34 make separate heat exchanger 32 outlet side high-pressure refrigerant decompression and be expanded into Pressure degree, is configured to：Make to flow through the high-pressure refrigerant of refrigerant piping 12 and flow through branch by separate heat exchanger 32 to match somebody with somebody Refrigerant after being depressurized of pipe 33 carries out heat exchange and high-pressure refrigerant is cooled down.
The refrigerant that refrigerant and the outlet side of charge air cooler 14 after heat exchange are carried out by separate heat exchanger 32 converges And compressor 10 is transported to from the 2nd suction inlet 22, realize the optimization of the temperature for the refrigerant discharged from compressor 10.
In addition, being configured to：The steaming of multiple showcases 3 is connected to via main throttling unit 41 on outlet auxiliary valve 37 Device 40 is sent out, the air in the refrigerant and cabinet that are conveyed from refrigerant piping 12 is carried out heat exchange by evaporator 40, is carried out each Cooling in the cabinet of showcase 3.The outlet side of evaporator 40 is connected with entrance auxiliary valve 38.
In addition, the discharge side in compressor 10 is provided with the height that is detected to the refrigerant pressure discharged from compressor 10 Pressure pressure sensor 50, is provided with what the refrigerant pressure sucked from compressor 10 was detected in the suction side of compressor 10 Low-pressure sensor 51.In addition, being provided between the outlet side of charge air cooler 14 and the 2nd suction inlet 22 of compressor 10 to system The middle pressure pressure sensor 52 that the middle pressure of cryogen is detected.
Also, in the present embodiment, it is provided between intercooler 30 and return-air motor-driven valve 35 to from refrigerator 2 It is transported to the refrigerator outlet pressure sensor 53 that the refrigerant pressure of showcase 3 is detected.
In addition, the entrance side in refrigerant piping 12 is provided with the refrigerant temperature conveyed from showcase 3 is detected Refrigerator inlet temperature sensor 54, the outlet side of refrigerant piping 12 is provided with the refrigerant to being conveyed to showcase 3 The refrigerator outlet temperature sensor 55 that temperature is detected.
The discharge temperature sensor 56 detected to the discharge temperature of refrigerant is provided with the discharge side of compressor 10, The gas detected to the refrigerant temperature in the exit of gas cooler 13 is provided with the outlet side of gas cooler 13 Cooler outlet temperature sensor 57.
The outside air temperature sensor 58 of detection outside air temperature is provided with the vicinity of gas cooler 13, is handed in separate type heat The outlet side of parallel operation 32 is provided with the shunting outlet detected to the refrigerant temperature in the exit of separate heat exchanger 32 Temperature sensor 59.
Then, the control structure to present embodiment is illustrated.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram for the control structure for showing present embodiment.
As shown in Fig. 2 in the present embodiment, refrigerator 2 has the control device 60 being uniformly controlled to each several part.
Control device 60 is configured to be transfused to high-pressure pressure sensor 50, low-pressure sensor 51, middle pressure pressure sensing The detected value of device 52 and refrigerator outlet pressure sensor 53.In addition, control device 60 is configured to be enter to from refrigerant Discharge temperature sensor 56, outside air temperature sensor 58, gas cooler exit temperature sensor 57, refrigerator outlet temperature are passed Sensor 55, refrigerator inlet temperature sensor 54 and the detected value for shunting outlet temperature sensor 59.
Control device 60 is configured to be imposed a condition according to the detected value from each sensor 50~59 and operating, respectively to pressure The driving frequency of contracting machine 10, the rotating speed of outdoor fan, decompression motor-driven valve 31, return opening for liquid motor-driven valve and return-air motor-driven valve 35 Degree is controlled.
In addition, in the present embodiment, control device 60 inputs the refrigeration detected by refrigerator outlet pressure sensor 53 The detected value of the refrigerator outlet pressure of agent, and judge whether refrigerator outlet pressure is less than predetermined value.
In general, in carbon dioxide coolant, critical pressure is 7.3MPa, therefore, when refrigerator outlet pressure is super When crossing 7.3MPa, in intercooler 30, it is impossible to carry out the liquefaction of refrigerant, cooling performance declines.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, control device 60 judges the refrigeration detected by refrigerator outlet pressure sensor 53 Whether the refrigerator outlet pressure of agent is less than the predetermined value such as 7.2MPa smaller than 7.3MPa.In addition, predetermined value is not limited to 7.2MPa, can arbitrarily be set as other values.
Also, in the case where being judged as refrigerator outlet pressure in more than 7.2MPa, determine whether compressor 10 Whether the high-pressure of the refrigerant of discharge side is less than predetermined value.
The design pressure of the discharging refrigerant of compressor 10 is set to 12MPa.Therefore, surplus slightly is reserved, is judged The high-pressure of the discharging refrigerant of compressor 10 is for example whether less than 11MPa, if the high-pressure of discharging refrigerant is less than 11MPa, then be controlled to reduce the rotation of decompression motor-driven valve 31.In addition, predetermined value is not limited to 11MPa, can be any Ground is set as other values.
On the other hand, if the high-pressure of discharging refrigerant is controlled such that compressor 10 in more than 11MPa Rotating speed declines.
By being controlled in this wise, it can control to be adjusted to the aperture for depressurizing motor-driven valve 31, until compressor The high-pressure of 10 discharging refrigerant reaches more than 11MPa, and controls not allow refrigerator outlet pressure to exceed critical pressure Power, thus, will not make the ability excessive descent of compressor 10, be able to maintain that the cooling performance of refrigerator 2.
Also, in the case of the control that control device 60 has carried out decompression motor-driven valve 31 or compressor 10, input by cold The detected value of the refrigerator outlet pressure for the refrigerant that jelly machine outlet pressure sensor 53 is detected, and judge refrigerator outlet pressure Whether predetermined value is less than.In this case predetermined value is for example set to the 6.8MPa lower than 7.2Mpa..
Control device 60 refrigerator outlet pressure be higher than 6.8MPa in the case of, judge whether again be less than 7.2MPa, And judge whether the high-pressure of the discharging refrigerant of compressor 10 is less than 11MPa.
It is configured to：According to the judged result, as described above to depressurizing the aperture of motor-driven valve 31 or the rotating speed of compressor 10 It is controlled.
Then, the action to present embodiment is illustrated.
First, acted compressor 10 and suck what is conveyed from showcase 3 by the 1st suction inlet 20 of compressor 10 Refrigerant, the refrigerant is pressed in the compression mechanism boil down to of the first order and discharged from the 1st outlet 21.
In addition, the refrigerant discharged from the 1st outlet 21 of compressor 10 flows into charge air cooler 14 via refrigerant piping 12. In the charge air cooler 14, the refrigerant carries out heat exchange by Air Blast fan 16 and outer gas and is cooled, and returns to pressure respectively 2nd suction inlet 22 of contracting machine 10.
Pressure needed for the refrigerant returned from charge air cooler 14 is compressed in compressor 10 by the compression mechanism of the second level is simultaneously Discharged from the 2nd outlet 23, gas cooler 13 is transported to via separator 24.
The refrigerant conveyed from compressor 10 carries out heat exchange in gas cooler 13 by Air Blast fan 16 and outer gas And be cooled and be transported to intercooler 30.
Refrigerant after being cooled down in intercooler 30 to the refrigerant in separate heat exchanger 32 with from The difference of refrigerant piping 12 is simultaneously cooled via the refrigerant progress heat exchange after liquid expansion valve 34 is depressurized is returned, via outlet Auxiliary valve 37 is transported to showcase 3.
Also, the refrigerant for being transported to showcase 3 is depressurized to authorized pressure by main throttling unit 41, in evaporator 40 Heat exchange is carried out, predetermined temperature will be cooled in cabinet.
The refrigerant flowed out from evaporator 40 via entrance auxiliary valve 38 and refrigerant piping 12 returns to compressor 10.
Then, the flow chart shown in reference picture 3 is illustrated to the control action of present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for the control action for showing present embodiment.
As shown in figure 3, in the state of operating is had begun to, control device 60 is inputted by refrigerator outlet pressure sensor The detected value of the refrigerator outlet pressure of the refrigerant of 53 detections, judges whether refrigerator outlet pressure is less than 7.2MPa (ST1). (the ST1 in the case where being judged as that refrigerator outlet pressure is less than 7.2MPa：It is), control device 60 carries out common control (ST2)。
(the ST1 in the case where being judged as refrigerator outlet pressure for more than 7.2MPa：It is no), control device 60 judges compression Whether the high-pressure of the discharging refrigerant of machine 10 is less than 11MPa (ST3).Also, if the high-pressure of discharging refrigerant is low In 11MPa (ST3：It is), then it is controlled to reduce the aperture (ST4) of decompression motor-driven valve 31.
On the other hand, if the high-pressure of discharging refrigerant is in more than 11MPa (ST3：It is no), then control device 60 is carried out Control so that the rotating speed of compressor 10 declines (ST5).
Also, after the control that control device 60 has carried out decompression motor-driven valve 31 or compressor 10, input by refrigerator The detected value of the refrigerator outlet pressure for the refrigerant that outlet pressure sensor 53 is detected, judges whether refrigerator outlet pressure is low In 6.8MPa (ST6).
(the ST6 in the case of being judged as that refrigerator outlet pressure is less than 6.8MPa：It is), control device 60 carries out common control Make (ST2).
On the other hand, (the ST6 in the case where being judged as refrigerator outlet pressure for more than 6.8MPa：It is no), control device 60 maintain in certain time in the state of the rotating speed of the aperture of decompression motor-driven valve 31 and compressor 10 (ST7), lead to again Cross refrigerator outlet pressure sensor 53 and judge whether refrigerator outlet pressure is less than 7.2MPa (ST1).
Control device 60 is according to judged result, as described above to depressurizing the aperture of motor-driven valve 31 or the rotating speed of compressor 10 It is controlled.And refrigerator outlet pressure is repeated less than critical pressure.
As described above, according to present embodiment, when the outlet pressure of refrigerator 2 is higher than critical pressure, control Device 60 processed is controlled so that the aperture of the decompression motor-driven valve 31 of the upstream side of intercooler 30 reduces.
Thus, in intercooler 30, the liquefaction of refrigerant is carried out by the gas-liquid separation of refrigerant, therefore, it is possible to Refrigerator outlet pressure is less than critical pressure, and liquid refrigerant can be transported to showcase 3.Thus, showcase 3 The specific enthalpy of the refrigerant of the entrance side of main throttling unit 41 declines, and can increase cooling effect.
Fig. 4 is the p-h line charts of the control based on the present invention and the control based on prior art.
As shown in figure 4, according to the control of prior art, in the case where refrigerator outlet pressure is higher than 7.3MPa, not entering Row gas-liquid separation, it is impossible to decline specific enthalpy.
In contrast, under the control of the present invention, by making refrigerator outlet pressure be less than 7.3MPa, in intercooler Gas-liquid separation can be carried out in 30, the liquefaction of refrigerant can be utilized so that the refrigerant of the entrance side of main throttling unit 41 Specific enthalpy declines.Thereby, it is possible to improve cooling effect.
In addition, in the present embodiment, control device 60 is controlled as follows：When the high pressure pressure of the discharge side of compressor 10 When the difference of power and design pressure is less than 1MPa, decline the rotation amount of compressor 10.
Thus, it by declining the rotation amount of compressor 10, can decline refrigerator outlet pressure.
In this case, by declining the rotation amount of compressor 10, the internal circulating load of refrigerant is reduced, but due to can Decline the specific enthalpy of refrigerant, therefore cooling effect increases, and can increase cooling capacity.
In the present embodiment, control device 60 is controlled as follows：When compressor 10 discharge side high-pressure with When the difference of design pressure is less than 1MPa, the rotation amount of compressor 10 is set to decline and ensure that the high pressure pressure of the discharge side of compressor 10 After the difference of power and design pressure, reduce the aperture of decompression motor-driven valve 31.
Thus, after it ensure that the difference of the high-pressure of discharge side of compressor 10 and design pressure, depressurized by reducing The aperture of motor-driven valve 31, can decline refrigerator outlet pressure.
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, spirit of the invention can not departed from In the range of carry out various changes.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of refrigerating plant, it is made up of refrigerator and showcase, the refrigerator have two stages of compression compressor, in it is cold Device, gas cooler, decompression motor-driven valve, intercooler and return-air motor-driven valve, the showcase have main throttling unit and Evaporator,
The refrigerating plant is characterised by,
The refrigerating plant has control device,
The control device is controlled as follows：When the outlet pressure of the refrigerator is higher than critical pressure, make the centre The aperture of the decompression motor-driven valve of the upstream side of cooler reduces.
2. refrigerating plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The control device is controlled as follows：When the high-pressure of the discharge side of the compressor and the difference of design pressure are less than During 1MPa, decline the rotation amount of the compressor.
3. refrigerating plant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The control device is controlled as follows：When the high-pressure of the discharge side of the compressor and the difference of design pressure are less than During 1MPa, the high-pressure and the difference of design pressure of the discharge side for making the rotation amount decline of the compressor and ensure that compressor Afterwards, the aperture of the decompression motor-driven valve is reduced.
CN201610741304.2A 2016-03-25 2016-08-26 Refrigerating plant Pending CN107228520A (en)

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JP2016061616A JP2017172923A (en) 2016-03-25 2016-03-25 Refrigerating device

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JP2020091063A (en) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-11 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Refrigeration machine
EP4343232A1 (en) 2021-05-19 2024-03-27 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Cooling unit using two-stage compressor

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