CN107204631A - A kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model - Google Patents
A kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model Download PDFInfo
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- CN107204631A CN107204631A CN201710470277.4A CN201710470277A CN107204631A CN 107204631 A CN107204631 A CN 107204631A CN 201710470277 A CN201710470277 A CN 201710470277A CN 107204631 A CN107204631 A CN 107204631A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
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Abstract
A kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model, including the generator in power network is set up into corresponding startup time model respectively according to itself start-up characteristic progress exhaustive division；Consider that branch road is set up on the premise of the branch road startup time starts time model；The optimal startup path of all generators is searched out by improved Dijkstra's algorithm, after all generators are ranked up, determine target generator；Object function is set；Utilize point optimal load flow Algorithm for Solving object function in former antithesis；Start transient state verification in path to generator；After unit starting success, it is deleted from not actuated generating set, the weighted value of powered transmission line of electricity original 1/5th are revised as, increase has been turned on the virtual tributary between generator, finally according to the startup scheme of Different Optimization target selection finally.The present invention solves system after large-scale blackout well, the unreasonable problem of scheme inaccurately brought by generator time model.
Description
Technical field
When recovering the invention belongs to Operation of Electric Systems and control technology field, more particularly to a kind of consideration generating set
Between model power network quick recovery method.
Background technology
Large-scale Power System Interconnection is the inexorable trend of power system development in world wide, China's power system development
Rapidly, electric load is sharply increased, and super, extra-high-voltage alternating current and DC power transmission line build up and put into operation, and the dynamic characteristic of power network also becomes
It must become increasingly complex.The public property of networking features and electric power just because of power system, power grid accident spread speed is fast, shadow
Ring scope big, and consequence is serious.Large area blackout once occur, the production and construction of national economy and the people's
Orders of life will be severely impacted, and what is brought is not only huge economic loss, can also endanger the stable hair of harmony of society
Exhibition.
Although the power outage of large area can not be avoided completely, the recovery of power network is ground after strengthening to having a power failure on a large scale
Study carefully is highly significant, to formulate in detail and agree with actual recovery plan, can reduce what power outage was brought to the full extent
Economic loss.Current many scholars both domestic and external have done substantial amounts of research to the recovery process of power network, and are recovered according to system
The timing node of journey and the difference of recovery operation target, have been divided into three phases by recovery process：Preparatory stage, rack recover
Stage and load restoration stage.Wherein, the emphasis in recovery process is rack Restoration stage, and the system of being primarily referred to as starts to recover
The 2nd afterwards to the 8th hour, main purpose is by remaining isolated network after accident or possesses the black starting-up machine of self-startup ability
Group, selects optimal power transmission path, carries out power transmission to not possessing the unit of self-startup ability, makes generator powered and grid-connected,
Appropriate load is put into during this to maintain the frequency and voltage stabilization of system, the base for being capable of stable operation is ultimately formed
This rack.And the load restoration stage is will own for the purpose of all loads of fast quick-recovery after power network forms basic rack
The region of dead electricity is again powered.Therefore, power system recovery is multiple target, multiple constraint, a non-thread from the point of view of mathematical angle
Property, multistage mathematical problem.
The overall goals of rack Restoration stage are safely and fast to recover all dead electricity generators, are formed sufficiently stable
Major network rack.The subject matter being directed to will：The determination of generator boot sequence, target generator power transmission path are most
It is preferred that select, the determination of object function, the optimization of the restriction of constraints and computational efficiency etc..
In the formulation process of existing black starting-up strategy, what generator was used is generally unified model, but in actual electric network
In, generator type is numerous, from not classifying ibid using resource, including fired power generating unit, Hydropower Unit and nuclear power generating sets
Deng.Classification includes black starting-up unit, do not possess the unit of its startup ability and possesses the machine of FCB abilities from starting characteristic
Group, wherein common black starting-up unit includes Hydropower Unit, fraction fired power generating unit, and the unit for possessing FCB functions refers to hair
Motor possesses after major break down occurs for power network, unit active and grid disconnection, gets rid of most of load, and with station service isolated network
Operation, again can rapid combination progress power output after power grid accident is released.Due to numerous and diverse, and the work(of unit species in system
The lifting of energy, single will certainly cause the unreasonable of result using unified generator model, influence the effect of power system restoration process
Rate, or even the failure of power system restoration can be caused, cause secondary pulse.
Therefore, set up detailed start time of generator model, it is considered to the startup time in power transmission path, and set with
It is object function that recovery time is most short, it is possible to achieve within the most short recovery operation time, on the premise of safety and stability, most
The load restoration amount of system is improved in big degree.
The present invention solves system after large-scale blackout well, because what generator time model was inaccurately brought
The irrational problem of scheme, the generator recovery time model detailed by establishing, and consider the time mould in power transmission path
Type, obtains a set of efficient dynamic generator sequencing schemes.
The content of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model, including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Set up the detailed generator time model of meter and generating set state and be determined as black starting-up power supply
Generating set；
Step 2：Set up branch road and start time model, on the premise of the startup time of branch road is considered, add filling for branch road
Electrical power, high voltage reactor capacity characterize the influence that reactive power charges to high-tension line；
Step 3：The optimal startup path of all generators is searched out by improved Dijkstra's algorithm, it is then right
All not actuated generating sets are ranked up, and determine target generator；
Step 4：Object function is set, with most long that of regulating time needed for the generator that has been turned on compared to
It is target that other scheme times are most short；
Step 5：Using optimal load flow Algorithm for Solving object function is put in former antithesis, if result restrains, then it represents that target is sent out
Motor can start；
Step 6：Generator starts the transient state verification in path, including self-excitation and overvoltage verification；
Step 7：The generating set just started is deleted from not actuated generating set, and by powered transmission line of electricity
Weighted value is revised as original 1/5th, and increase has been turned on the virtual tributary between generator, then repeat step 3-7；
Step 8：According to the startup scheme of the different choice of optimization aim finally.
Generating set is including possessing the unit of self-startup ability, not possessing the unit of self-startup ability and possess FCB functions
Unit, the unit for possessing self-startup ability include Hydropower Unit and part fired power generating unit.
Hydropower Unit is in the startup time model of system Restoration stage：
PG(t)=min<kr·max{[t-(tctp-tstart)],0},C> (1)
tstartIt is the Startup time of unit, tctpRefer to unit since climb starting to outwardly conveying power when
Between, KrIt is the maximum climbing rate of unit, PmaxIt is the EIAJ of unit, C is the capacity of unit.
The startup time model for possessing the fired power generating unit of self-startup ability is：
PG(t)=min<k·max{[t-(tctp-tstart)], 0 }, C>-R·U[t-(tctp-tstart)] (2)
Wherein, tstartIt is the Startup time of unit, tctpRefer to that since unit climb starting to and outwardly convey power
Time, k is the climbing rate that generating set is exerted oneself；C is the capacity of unit, and U (T) is unit jump function, and R is generator
Starting capacity.
Generating set with FCB functions is in the startup time model of system Restoration stage：
PG(t)=P0(t)+kFCB[t-(tctp-tstart)] (4)
Wherein, P0(t) it is station-service electrical power, kFCBFor fired power generating unit climbing rate, tstartIt is the Startup time of unit, tctp
Refer to that since unit climb starting to and outwardly convey the time of power.
When the Restoration stage of common fired power generating unit starts time model and the startup for the fired power generating unit for possessing self-startup ability
Between model it is identical, but on this basis according to the difference of cylinder of steam turbine temperature, the time of its unit can also be varied from.
In step 2, time weighting value is not only only accounted in the recovery time model of branch road, it is also considered that circuit
The influence recovered to circuit of charging capacitor and high voltage reactor, the circuit recovery time model used for：
Wi=mTi+(QCi-QLi) (5)
In formula
Wi--- branch road i weighted value；
Ti--- branch road i startup time weighting；
M --- time weighting proportionality coefficient, is an appropriate positive integer, to ensure that the startup time of transmission line of electricity is small
In transformer；
QCi--- branch road i charge power perunit value；
QLi--- high voltage reactor capacity perunit value；
Improved Dijkstra's algorithm employs father node vector, it is to avoid in network structure and the weight of branch road not
In the case of change, the problem of calling Dijkstra's algorithm repeatedly；Multiple power supply nodes that power network is had been started up are equivalent into one
Individual node, that is, it is 0 virtual tributary to increase weighted value between each power supply restored electricity；Will be powered defeated
The branch road weighted value of electric line is set to original 1/5th.
All generators are ranked up in step 3, the specific method for determining target generator is：
Calculate the weight factor G related to generator performancek,
Gk=Sk/Rk (6)
In formula, k is target generator；SkFor target generator k starting capacity perunit value；RkFor climbing for target generator
Ratio of slope perunit value；SkSmaller, RkMore big then generator is bigger to the potential contribution of follow-up recovery process；
Calculate the priority indicator of generating set to be launched
Pk=Dk+Gk (7)
In formula, DkRepresent the weighted value of the corresponding shortest paths of target generator k；Dk、GkRespectively through linear normalization；
The priority indicator P of generatorkValue is smaller, and its priority is higher.
In step 4, it is assumed that there are m platform generators to successfully start up, then, when starting m+1 platform generators, target
Function is：
Wherein, PkFor kth platform generator active power to be asked,For current kth platform generator active power, | | table
Show and take absolute value, tkRepresent the regulating time needed for kth platform generator, rpkThe climbing rate of kth platform generator is represented, optimizes mesh
Mark is made in all powered generators, and the climbing time of most long generator of required climbing time is minimum.
In step 6, the self-excitation and the Self-Excitation Criterion of overvoltage verification are as follows：
Xc>XdOr
Wherein XcRepresent circuit capacitive reactance, XdFor d-axis reactance, XqFor quadrature axis reactance, X'dFor d-axis transient state reactance.
Optimization aim in step 8 includes：Switch number, branch road charging interval, branch road charging reactive power and branch road charging
Time weighting+branch road charging reactive power-high voltage reactor capacity.
Effect of the invention is that, the characteristics of generator in power network is started according to it has carried out exhaustive division, and divides
Do not set up corresponding time model, taken into full account facilitation of the FCB units to self-healing procedure, be black-start scheme more
Accelerate speed rationally, help operational planner's correctly Analysis of Policy Making.Reduce simultaneously and the wind of second accident occurs in self-healing procedure
Danger, more perfect self-healing scheme.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is model of the Hydropower Unit in system Restoration stage；
Fig. 2 is model of the common fired power generating unit in system recovery；
Fig. 3 is model of the FCB units in system recovery；
Fig. 4 is the cylinder temperature decline curve of steam turbine after compressor emergency shutdown；
Fig. 5 is the self-excitation magnetic area of generating set；
Fig. 6 is the Dijkstra's algorithm flow chart after improving；
Fig. 7 is generator boot sequence optimization method flow chart；
Fig. 8 is IEEE-30 node modular systems；
Fig. 9 is the original black-start scheme of Guangdong Power Grid；
Figure 10 is the black-start scheme obtained according to the inventive method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in more detail.It is emphasized that the description below is only example
Property, the scope being not intended to be limiting of the invention and its application.
A kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Set up the detailed generator time model of meter and set state and be determined as black starting-up generator
Group；
Step 2：Set up branch road and start time model, on the premise of the startup time of branch road is considered, add filling for branch road
Electrical power, high voltage reactor capacity characterize the influence that reactive power charges to high-tension line；
Step 3：The optimal startup path of all generators is searched out by improved Dijkstra's algorithm, it is then right
All not actuated generating sets are ranked up, and determine target generator；
Step 4：Object function is set, with most long that of regulating time needed for the generator that has been turned on compared to
It is target that other scheme times are most short；
Step 5：Using optimal load flow Algorithm for Solving object function is put in former antithesis, if result restrains, then it represents that target is sent out
Motor can start；
Step 6：Generator starts the transient state verification in path, including self-excitation and overvoltage verification；
Step 7：The generating set just started is deleted from not actuated generating set, and by powered transmission line of electricity
Weighted value is revised as original 1/5th, and increase has been turned on the virtual tributary between generator, then repeat step 3-7；
Step 8：According to the startup scheme of the different choice of optimization aim finally.
The present invention is classified as three classes according to the start-up characteristic of generator itself：Possesses the unit of self-startup ability, mainly
Including Hydropower Unit and part fired power generating unit；Do not possess the unit of self-startup ability；Possesses the fired power generating unit of FCB functions.
1) for Hydropower Unit, after electric grid large area power cut, the black starting-up of unit has two kinds of situations may be selected.
One is the power station for having electric power station or diesel generating set, and it is that there is provided electricity using electric power station or diesel-driven generator generating
Power starts unit.Two be the power station without stand-by power supply, and it is usually to carry out Hydropower Unit using the storage energy in power station itself
Black starting-up.In general, the startup of all power plant units is required for the supply of certain startup electric energy.The factory of hydroelectric power plant
Electricity consumption is fairly small, only the 0.1%~1% of power plant's peak load.
More than analyze, for Hydropower Unit, can to its system Restoration stage startup time model
It is as follows：
PG(t)=min<kr·max{[t-(tctp-tstart)], 0 }, C> (1)
tstartIt is the Startup time of unit, tctpRefer to unit since climb starting to outwardly conveying power when
Between, KrIt is the maximum climbing rate of unit, PmaxIt is the EIAJ of unit, C is the capacity of unit.According to actual conditions, work as machine
Group is before minimum load is reached, its output can not stablize in a certain output valve, can only continue to climb, the model such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show.
2) under the operating environment that power system is normally run, all kinds of thermal power plants by transmission system or can match somebody with somebody
Electric system obtains required startup electric energy.Under the state of emergency that the completely black accident that collapse is disintegrated occurs for power system, a part
Startup electric energy of the generating set with black start-up ability needed for by being obtained installed in the subsidy generating equipment of ad-hoc location.
And remaining unit without black start-up ability, then need after black starting-up unit starting, obtaining could be normal after startup electric energy
Start.And for general common fired power generating unit, they do not possess the ability of self black starting-up substantially, so needing
Some black starting-up power supplys provide it startup power, to help it to start, and for hydroelectric power plant, the factory of thermal power plant
Electricity consumption is then than larger, the about 5%-8% of peak load.
The boiler and steam turbine of thermal power plant have a minimum technology load, and fired power generating unit is out of service and puts into once again,
Or when undertaking the load drastically changed should extra consumption energy, spend the time again, and easily damaged equipment.In addition, inhomogeneity
The boiler of type thermal power plant and the efficiency of steam turbine and adjustable range are different, point for having HTHP, medium temperature and medium pressure, wherein,
High-temperature high-pressure apparatus efficiency is higher, but can be with the narrow range of flexible modulation；Medium temperature and medium pressure device efficiency is lower compared with the former, but can
It is wide compared with the former with the scope of flexible modulation.The reactor and steam turbine of nuclear power plant are out of service and put into or undertaken drastically once again
Also extra consumption energy is wanted during the load of variation and the time is spent, and easily damaged equipment, while operation is more complicated.
The startup time model for possessing the fired power generating unit of self-startup ability in summary is as shown in Figure 2.
The time model that the present invention is used for：
PG(t)=min<k·max{[t-(tctp-tstart)], 0 }, C)-RU [t- (tctp-tstart)] (2)
Wherein, tstartIt is the Startup time of unit, tctpRefer to that since unit climb starting to and outwardly convey power
Time, k is the climbing rate that generating set is exerted oneself；C is the capacity of unit, and U (T) is unit jump function, and R is generator
Starting capacity.
3) when so-called FCB refers to that unit is run on higher than a certain load, because of unit or electric network fault and power network solution
Row, moment gets rid of whole supplying power for outside loads, and keeps boiler in minimum load operation, maintains generator house load operation
Or shut down the automatic control function of not blowing out.Unit possesses FCB functions and not only facilitates unit safety shutdown under accident conditions,
And generator can be made to possess the ability with station service " islet operation " after off-the-line, recovery power network, which is powered, after being prepares,
To provide startup power supply at any time for other Power Plants.
FCB functions are designed with the automatic control system of current part large thermal power plant unit, that is, work as transmitting system
Break down, monoblock is carried out after removal of load, can maintain unit from house load operation.When unit possesses FCB functions
Afterwards, possess generator off-the-line band station service ability, contribute to power network to recover normal within the possible shortest time, it helps
The safety stoppage in transit of generating set.Therefore, generator, which possesses FCB functions, will have obviously social benefit and security implications.
From above to the understanding of fired power generating unit FCB functions from the point of view of, fired power generating unit and common thermoelectricity with FCB functions are big
Effect of the unit in " black starting-up " has significant difference, it may be said that the unit with FCB functions is in power system recovery
The effect of key can be played.FCB is the protection and control logic for power network (or generating set) accident design, its meaning
It is fast quick-recovery load after fast cutback, Failure elimination.
It is stand-by heat shutdown that FCB units, which maintain the state of House load operation to be considered as unit, that is, due in system
There are some failures, it is necessary to which short time shutdown is handled, tape jam resumes operation immediately after handling, and this is accomplished by FCB units and got rid of
After 100% load, when machine, stove metal temperature keep higher level so as to restart, it can enter by very hot state or hot mode
OK, to shorten the startup time.
In system Restoration stage, the unit with FCB functions is set up with drag, as shown in Figure 3：
Its time model is：
PG(t)=P0(t)+kFCB[t-(tctp-tstart)] (4)
Wherein P0(t) it is station-service electrical power, kFCBFor fired power generating unit climbing rate, tstartIt is the Startup time of unit, tctpIt is
Since finger unit climb starting to outwardly conveys the time of power.
Therefore, three kinds can be as shown in table 1 in the contrast difference of start-up course as the unit of black starting-up power supply：
Contrast difference of each unit of table 1 in start-up course is recovered
4) for common fired power generating unit, when power system is broken down, unit is forced removal of load and causes boiler to go out
Fire, the cylinder temperature of steam turbine will progressively decline.With the increase of time, cylinder temperature is lower, and the startup time of unit is also longer.Unit
The startup time depend primarily on the temperature of steam turbine high pressure cylinder and the time with minimum load warming-up.Because machine set type is a lot,
Starting mode is complicated, it is difficult to studied for every unit starting time.Will according to the difference of steam turbine cylinder temperature in general power plant
The startup of unit is type simplified to fall into 5 types, shown below is the cylinder temperature decline curve of steam turbine after compressor emergency shutdown as shown in figure 4,
The reduction speed of cylinder temperature slows down with the growth of time as can be seen from Figure, i.e., when just shutting down, and temperature reduction is very fast, therefore
The extension of the start-up course of unit over time will need the longer startup time.Its recovery time model is with possessing self-starting
The Boot Model of the fired power generating unit of ability is identical, but on this basis according to the difference of cylinder of steam turbine temperature, the preparation of its unit
Time can also be varied from.
Not only only account for time weighting value in the recovery time model of branch road, it is also considered that line charging electric capacity and
The influence recovered to circuit of high voltage reactor.Because due to the presence of charging capacitor, in circuit closing operation, can produce
Substantial amounts of reactive power, causes the voltage level of node too high, and on the contrary, the input of high voltage reactor can absorb unnecessary
Reactive power, be conducive to the recovery of system.Therefore, the circuit recovery time model used for：
Wi=mTi+(QCi-QLi) (5)
In formula
Wi--- branch road i weighted value；
Ti--- branch road i startup time weighting；
M --- time weighting proportionality coefficient, is an appropriate positive integer, to ensure that the startup time of transmission line of electricity is small
In transformer；
QCi--- branch road i charge power perunit value；
QLi--- high voltage reactor capacity perunit value；
The optimal startup path of generator to be launched is obtained by improved Dijkstra's algorithm, it is then determined that generating electricity
The boot sequence of machine, its flow chart are as shown in fig. 6, wherein m is nodes, and P is father node vector, for depositing a certain node
The node serial number of money, T is the weight value matrix between node, and Q is the vector of an interim storage node.
Traditional Dijkstra's algorithm can only solve a node to the shortest path of other nodes, but in power network
In recovery process, when black starting-up power supply has been started up other units formation LAN, traditional algorithm is just no longer applicable.
Therefore the search and calculating of the weight path between multiple targets are solved using the Dijkstra's algorithm after improving herein.It is main
There is following feature：
1) father node vector is employed, it is to avoid in the case where the weight of network structure and branch road is constant, call repeatedly
The problem of Dijkstra's algorithm.
2) the multiple power supply nodes having been started up power network are equivalent into a node, that is, restored electricity at each
Increase the virtual tributary that weighted value is 0 between power supply.
3) the branch road weighted value of powered transmission line of electricity is set to original 1/5th, so not only can be with
Distinguish non-electrical source node and power supply node, be more avoided that the path for several powered transmission lines of electricity compositions occur better than one without
This irrational result in path of electricity occurs.
After the optimal startup path that all generators are searched out by improved Dijkstra's algorithm, to all hairs
Motor is ranked up, and determines target generator.
The weight factor G related to generator performance is calculated firstk, calculated by formula (6)：
Gk=Sk/Rk (6)
In formula, k is target generator；SkFor target generator k starting capacity perunit value；RkFor climbing for target generator
Ratio of slope perunit value.SkSmaller, RkMore big then generator is bigger to the potential contribution of follow-up recovery process.
Then the priority indicator of generating set to be launched is calculated by formula (7)
Pk=Dk+Gk (7)
In formula, DkRepresent the weighting weight values of the corresponding shortest paths of target generator k；Dk、GkRespectively through linear normalizing
Change.The priority indicator P of generatorkValue is smaller, and its priority is higher.
The regulating time of regulating time most long generator is most short needed for optimal load flow object function is set to.It might as well set
There are m platform generators to successfully start up, then, when starting m+1 platform generators, object function is：
Wherein, PkFor kth platform generator active power to be asked,For current kth platform generator active power, | | table
Show and take absolute value, tkRepresent the regulating time needed for kth platform generator, rpkRepresent the climbing rate of kth platform generator.Optimize mesh
Mark is made in all powered generators, and the climbing time of most long generator of required climbing time is minimum.
After optimal power transmission path is determined, here is exactly to start each circuit, during nonloaded line is started, special
It is not high-tension line, is particularly easy to produce switching overvoltage and magnetic phenomenon of encouraging oneself, the present invention is using magnetic region of encouraging oneself as shown in Figure 5
It is as follows that domain can obtain unit Self-Excitation Criterion：
Xc>XdOr
Wherein XcRepresent circuit capacitive reactance, XdFor d-axis reactance, XqFor quadrature axis reactance, X'dFor d-axis transient state reactance.
Operational planner can be broadly divided into according to the different optimization aim of different weighting selection selections, the present invention
Four optimization aims：
1) number is switched：Every branch road is thought all comprising two switches, and on-off times are more, longer the time required to starting.With
Switch number is branch road weight, the minimum power transmission path of on-off times needed for search.
2) the branch road charging interval：Transmission line of electricity and transformer charging it is grid-connected be required for the regular hour, it is in general, defeated
Electric line is different with the transformer charging grid-connected required time.Using the branch road charging interval as branch road weight, when being charged needed for search
Between most short power transmission path.
3) branch road charging reactive power：Nonloaded line, especially high pressure nonloaded line can produce a large amount of perceptual nothings when charging
Work(power, this can cause power system reactive power superfluous, line end overtension；System Reactive Power surplus also can result in generating electricity
Machine self-excitation, causes system voltage level further to deteriorate.Reactive power is charged as branch road weight using branch road, search charging nothing
The minimum power transmission path of work(, at utmost avoids system voltage too high.
4) branch road charging interval weight+branch road charging reactive power-high voltage reactor capacity：Branch road charging interval weight
The order of magnitude than branch road charge reactive power (perunit value) and high voltage reactor capacity (perunit value) the order of magnitude it is much bigger, with
This is branch road weight, in the case of charging interval weight identical, selects the idle minimum power transmission path of charging.
Finally, the total structure flow chart of the present invention is as shown in Figure 7.
Quick recovery method proposed by the present invention is tested below according to a specific embodiment, is saved using IEEE-30
Point standard example system (such as Fig. 8).Example includes 30 nodes, 6 generators, 4 transformers and 37 transmission lines of electricity.Wherein 1
Number unit is black starting-up unit (fired power generating unit), and remaining unit is the fired power generating unit without self-startup ability.Wherein generate electricity
The start-up parameter of machine is as shown in table 2.The startup weighted value in power transmission path includes its startup time and line capacitance and height is anti-,
Its data is as shown in Table 3.
The start-up parameter of generator in the power network of table 2
Table 3 is of the present invention to consider charging capacitor and circuit Gao Kanghou branch road weighted value
Next, being exactly the priority indicator according to each target generator of generator calculations, as shown in table 4.
The path weight value value of the target generator of table 3 and power transmission path
It can be obtained by table 4, now target Sequence of generator start-up vector STFor { 2,5,8,13,11 }, positioned at the generator of node 2
Highest priority.The most short weight path that can obtain No. 2 node generators by table 3 is 1-2.
3rd step：The system is solved to put optimal load flow in the former antithesis described in step 6, and carries out self-excitation verification,
Then circuit and generator are started.
4th step：After the target generator of 3rd step starts, then using band electric network as starting point, other target hairs are searched for
The most short weight path of motor, and then the priority indicator of target generator is calculated, determine override generator.The present invention is also
By No. 1 Transformation of Unit into FCB units, contrasted with common unit as the result of black starting-up unit, finally give generator
Boot sequence and corresponding most short weight path it is as shown in table 5.
The generator boot sequence of table 5 and its power transmission path
Compared with conventional method, the present invention more conforms to actual conditions, and institute is organic during having taken into full account power system restoration
The start-up characteristic of group, has given full play to facilitation of the FCB units to black starting-up process, and acquired results show it when identical
The power output that interior generator recovers is more, while the rationalization for starting scheme it also avoid the secondary thing in start-up course
Therefore generation.
Illustrate the feasibility of the present invention in conjunction with the example of actual electric network below, present invention utilizes Guangzhou it is northern and
The data of In Dongguan, have carried out the checking of black starting-up process, and its result black-start scheme actual with Guangdong is to such as Fig. 9
With shown in Figure 10, method of the invention in further detail and rationally, calculates the detailed optimal path in follow-up start-up course.I.e.
After Zengcheng, the charging of the new pool, preferentially charged to region of rivers and lakes station, reason is the charge power very little that Zengcheng-region of rivers and lakes circuit is produced, nothing
Self-excitation, overvoltage risk, it is small away from GaoPo factories electrical distance, can strengthening system generating capacity as early as possible.Recovering In Dongguan electricity
After net, stability is further enhanced, it is ensured that remaining transformer station of In Guangzhou Area progressively security recovery.
Described above, fully demonstrating the present invention can be according to the actual features of power network, and calculating is obtained in further detail and symbol
Close actual power network quick recovery method.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Set up the detailed generator time model of meter and generating set state and be determined as the hair of black starting-up power supply
Group of motors；
Step 2：Set up branch road and start time model, on the premise of the startup time of branch road is considered, add the charging work(of branch road
Rate, high voltage reactor capacity characterize the influence that reactive power charges to high-tension line；
Step 3：The optimal startup path of all generators is searched out by improved Dijkstra's algorithm, then to it is all not
The generating set of startup is ranked up, and determines target generator；
Step 4：Object function is set, with most long that of regulating time needed for the generator that has been turned on compared to other sides
It is target that the case time is most short；
Step 5：Using optimal load flow Algorithm for Solving object function is put in former antithesis, if result restrains, then it represents that target generator
It can start；
Step 6：Generator starts the transient state verification in path, including self-excitation and overvoltage verification；
Step 7：The generating set just started is deleted from not actuated generating set, and by the weighted value of powered transmission line of electricity
It is revised as original 1/5th, and increases and have been turned on virtual tributary between generator, then repeat step 3-7；
Step 8：According to the startup scheme of the different choice of optimization aim finally.
2. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be：The generating set is including possessing the unit of self-startup ability, not possessing the unit of self-startup ability and possess FCB work(
The unit of energy, the unit for possessing self-startup ability includes Hydropower Unit and part fired power generating unit.
3. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 2, it is special
Levy and be：The Hydropower Unit is in the startup time model of system Restoration stage：
PG(t)=min<kr·max{[t-(tctp-tstart)],0},C>(1)
tstartIt is the Startup time of unit, tctpRefer to that since unit climb starting to and outwardly convey the time of power, KrIt is
The maximum climbing rate of unit, PmaxIt is the EIAJ of unit, C is the capacity of unit.
4. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 2, it is special
Levy and be：The startup time model of the fired power generating unit for possessing self-startup ability is：
PG(t)=min<k·max{[t-(tctp-tstart)],0},C>-R·U[t-(tctp-tstart)] (2)
Wherein, tstartIt is the Startup time of unit, tctpRefer to unit since climb starting to outwardly conveying power when
Between, k is the climbing rate that generating set is exerted oneself；C is the capacity of unit, and U (T) is unit jump function, and R holds for the startup of generator
Amount.
5. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 2, it is special
Levy and be：The generating set with FCB functions is in the startup time model of system Restoration stage：
PG(t)=P0(t)+kFCB[t-(tctp-tstart)] (4)
Wherein, P0(t) it is station-service electrical power, kFCBFor fired power generating unit climbing rate, tstartIt is the Startup time of unit, tctpRefer to machine
Since group climb starting to outwardly conveys the time of power.
6. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 2, it is special
Levy and be：The Restoration stage of common fired power generating unit starts time model and possesses the startup time of the fired power generating unit of self-startup ability
Model is identical, but on this basis according to the difference of cylinder of steam turbine temperature, the time of its unit can also be varied from.
7. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be：In the step 2, time weighting value is not only only accounted in the recovery time model of branch road, it is also considered that line
The influence recovered to circuit of road charging capacitor and high voltage reactor, the circuit recovery time model used for：
Wi=mTi+(QCi-QLi) (5)
In formula
Wi--- branch road i weighted value；
Ti--- branch road i startup time weighting；
M --- time weighting proportionality coefficient, is an appropriate positive integer, with
Ensure that the startup time of transmission line of electricity is less than transformer；
QCi--- branch road i charge power perunit value；
QLi--- high voltage reactor capacity perunit value.
8. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be：The improved Dijkstra's algorithm employs father node vector, it is to avoid in network structure and the weight of branch road
In the case of constant, the problem of calling Dijkstra's algorithm repeatedly；Multiple power supply nodes that power network is had been started up it is equivalent into
One node, that is, it is 0 virtual tributary to increase weighted value between each power supply restored electricity；Will be powered defeated
The branch road weighted value of electric line is set to original 1/5th.
9. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 8, it is special
Levy and be：All generators are ranked up in the step 3, the specific method for determining target generator is：
Calculate the weight factor G related to generator performancek,
Gk=Sk/Rk (6)
In formula, k is target generator；SkFor target generator k starting capacity perunit value；RkFor the climbing rate of target generator
Perunit value；SkSmaller, RkMore big then generator is bigger to the potential contribution of follow-up recovery process；
Calculate the priority indicator of generating set to be launched
Pk=Dk+Gk (7)
In formula, DkRepresent the weighted value of the corresponding shortest paths of target generator k；Dk、GkRespectively through linear normalization；Generate electricity
The priority indicator P of machinekValue is smaller, and its priority is higher.
10. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be：In the step 4, it is assumed that there are m platform generators to successfully start up, then, when starting m+1 platform generators, mesh
Scalar functions are：
Wherein, PkFor kth platform generator active power to be asked,For current kth platform generator active power, | | expression takes absolutely
To value, tkRepresent the regulating time needed for kth platform generator, rpkThe climbing rate of kth platform generator is represented, optimization aim is to make institute
Have in powered generator, the climbing time of most long generator of required climbing time is minimum.
11. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be：In wherein described step 6, the Self-Excitation Criterion of the self-excitation and overvoltage verification is as follows：
Xc>XdOr
Wherein XcRepresent circuit capacitive reactance, XdFor d-axis reactance, XqFor quadrature axis reactance, X'dFor d-axis transient state reactance.
12. a kind of power network quick recovery method for considering generating set recovery time model according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be：Optimization aim in the step 8 includes：Switch number, branch road charging interval, branch road charging reactive power and branch road fill
Electric time weighting+branch road charging reactive power-high voltage reactor capacity.
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