CN107079724B - Preservative spraying method before harvest of greenhouse strawberries - Google Patents
Preservative spraying method before harvest of greenhouse strawberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN107079724B CN107079724B CN201710307926.9A CN201710307926A CN107079724B CN 107079724 B CN107079724 B CN 107079724B CN 201710307926 A CN201710307926 A CN 201710307926A CN 107079724 B CN107079724 B CN 107079724B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a greenhouse strawberry pre-harvest spraying preservative and a spraying method thereof, and is characterized in that a preservative formula is as follows, tea tree essential oil and solidago canadensis essential oil are mixed according to a volume ratio of (5-7) to (5-3), and then tween with the mass being 1% of the mixture is added to obtain essential oil emulsion, namely the preservative is sprayed before the strawberries are harvested, the spraying period is 6, 3 and 0 days before a batch of strawberries are on the market, the strawberries are sprayed for 3 times, atomized water drops are uniformly distributed on leaf surfaces every time, the spraying time is 5-6 points in the morning, the greenhouse is sealed for 2 hours, two sides of the greenhouse are opened for ventilation for half an hour, the preservative solution with the volume being 5 ml/L is sprayed 6 days before the harvesting period, the preservative solution with the volume being 2.5 ml/L is sprayed before the harvesting, and the preservative solution with the volume being 1.5 ml/L is sprayed on the day when the strawberries are harvested, so that the decay after the strawberries are.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a strawberry preservation technology, in particular to a greenhouse strawberry pre-harvest spraying preservative and a preservation method thereof.
Background
The strawberry is a fruit with delicious taste and high nutritive value, and is deeply loved by people. But because the skin is thin and tender, the skin is easily damaged mechanically, and the microorganisms are infected to cause putrefaction and deterioration. Botrytis cinerea (b. cinerea), penicillium (p. expansum), rhizopus (r. stolonifer) are three fungi that mainly cause strawberry spoilage. Wherein b, cinerea is the main fungus causing post harvest decay of strawberries. The strawberry preservation method mainly comprises postharvest modified atmosphere preservation, heat treatment, irradiation storage, chemical preservative and the like. The chemical preservative has good effect, but the influence of the chemical preservative on the aspects of food safety, drug resistance, environmental pollution and the like is concerned by consumers, so that the development of a novel safe strawberry biological preservation technology has important significance.
The plant essential oil is a plant secondary metabolite with strong volatilization characteristic, can correct food odor, endow fragrance, inhibit bacteria and fungi, resist virus and oxidation, and can be used as natural food preservative. In the aspect of strawberry preservation, the decay of the picked strawberries can be reduced after the strawberries are fumigated by adopting the plant essential oil, and the better quality of a shelf is maintained. However, strawberries are delicate in texture, unsuitable for excessive handling after picking, and prone to mechanical damage, resulting in extensive rotting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a greenhouse strawberry pre-harvest spraying preservative and a spraying method thereof, wherein the greenhouse strawberry pre-harvest spraying preservative can reduce rot of strawberries after being picked and simultaneously avoid mechanical damage caused by post-harvest treatment
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a preservative is sprayed before harvest on greenhouse strawberries, and the specific formula is as follows: mixing tea tree essential oil and solidago canadensis essential oil according to the volume ratio of (5-7): (5-3) after mixing, adding tween accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the mixture to obtain essential oil emulsion, namely spraying the preservative before picking the strawberries.
The extraction process of the solidago canadensis essential oil comprises the following steps: collecting solidago canadensis from the bottom of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months every year, drying leaves and flowers, and distilling by adopting steam to obtain the solidago canadensis essential oil.
The spraying method for spraying the preservative before picking the strawberries in the greenhouse comprises the following steps: the spraying period is 6, 3 and 0 days before the marketing period of a batch of strawberries, the strawberries are sprayed for 3 times, and each time, the leaf surfaces of the strawberries are uniformly distributed with mist water drops; the spraying time is 5-6 points in the morning, the greenhouse is sealed for 2 hours after spraying, and then the two sides of the greenhouse are opened for ventilation for half an hour.
Spraying 5 ml/L of a preservative solution 6 days before the harvest time, wherein the volume ratio of tea tree essential oil to solidago canadensis essential oil in the preservative solution is 5: 5;
3 days before harvesting, spraying 2.5 ml/L of strawberry pre-harvest spraying preservative solution, wherein the volume ratio of tea tree essential oil to solidago canadensis essential oil in the strawberry pre-harvest spraying preservative is 6: 4;
on the day of harvesting, 1.5 ml/L of strawberry pre-harvest spraying preservative solution is sprayed, and the volume ratio of tea tree essential oil to solidago canadensis essential oil in the strawberry pre-harvest spraying preservative solution is 7: 3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention discloses a greenhouse strawberry pre-harvest spraying preservative and a spraying method thereof for the first time, wherein the pre-harvest spraying method is adopted, so that the operation after the strawberries are harvested is reduced, and the strawberries are better easy to store and transport after the strawberries are harvested and are antiseptic and fresh-keeping. Wherein the spraying period is 6, 3 and 0 days before the marketing period of a batch of strawberries, the spraying is divided into 3 times, and with the improvement of the fruit maturity, the surface of the fruit peel is more delicate and is easy to be damaged by medicines caused by high-concentration essential oil, so the use concentration of the essential oil is continuously reduced. Meanwhile, in the early stage of harvesting, various microorganisms on the surfaces of leaves and fruits can be more effectively controlled through high-concentration compound essential oil (5-5 mixture), and various rot diseases caused by field infection in the later stage are reduced; by the day of harvest, the use ratio of the tea tree essential oil is increased, which is related to that the tea tree essential oil can more effectively control the main postharvest rot disease-gray mold. By adjusting the concentration and the composition, the infection of diseases before picking and the rot after picking can be better controlled, and the generation of drug injury is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the storage days and the rotting rate of strawberries treated by the preservation technique of the present invention, wherein C is the strawberry without preservation, and T is the strawberry treated by the preservation technique of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
Example 1
A preservative is sprayed before harvest on greenhouse strawberries, and the specific formula is as follows: mixing tea tree essential oil and solidago canadensis essential oil according to the volume ratio of (5-7): (5-3) after mixing, adding tween accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the mixture to obtain essential oil emulsion, namely spraying the preservative before picking the strawberries. The extraction process of the solidago canadensis essential oil comprises the following steps: collecting solidago canadensis from the bottom of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months every year, drying leaves and flowers, and distilling by adopting steam to obtain the solidago canadensis essential oil.
Example 2
The spraying method for spraying the preservative before picking for the strawberries in the greenhouse in the embodiment 1 comprises the following specific steps: the spraying period is 6, 3 and 0 days before the marketing period of a batch of strawberries, and the spraying period is divided into 3 times, wherein each time, the leaf surfaces of the strawberries are uniformly distributed with mist water drops (the solvent is water); the spraying time is 5-6 points in the morning, the greenhouse is sealed for 2 hours after spraying, and then the two sides of the greenhouse are opened for ventilation for half an hour.
Wherein, 6 days before the harvest period, 5 ml/L of strawberry pre-harvest preservative solution is sprayed, and the volume ratio of the tea tree essential oil to the solidago canadensis essential oil in the preservative is 5: 5;
spraying a preservative solution 3 days before harvesting, wherein 2.5 ml/L of strawberry is sprayed before harvesting, and the volume ratio of tea tree essential oil to solidago canadensis essential oil in the preservative is 6: 4;
on the day of harvesting, 1.5 ml/L of strawberry pre-harvest preservative solution is sprayed, and the volume ratio of tea tree essential oil to solidago canadensis essential oil in the preservative is 7: 3.
The harvested strawberries were stored at 20 ℃ for 4 days in a simulated shelf life, and the occurrence of decay and quality change were determined. As can be seen from fig. 1, compared with strawberries that do not adopt the preservation technology, the preservation technology of the present invention not only does not affect the ripening and quality of the fruits during collection, but also greatly inhibits the occurrence of decay during storage.
Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Variations, modifications, additions and substitutions which may occur to those skilled in the art and which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A spraying method of a preservative sprayed before harvesting in a greenhouse strawberry is characterized in that the spraying method comprises the following specific steps of mixing tea tree essential oil and solidago canadensis essential oil according to a volume ratio of (5-7) to (5-3), adding tween with the mass being 1% of the mixture to obtain an essential oil emulsion, namely spraying the preservative before harvesting in the greenhouse strawberry, wherein the spraying method comprises the steps of spraying a preservative solution before harvesting in 6 days before harvesting, spraying 5 ml/L of strawberry, wherein the volume ratio of the tea tree essential oil to the solidago canadensis essential oil in the preservative sprayed before harvesting is 5: 5, spraying a preservative solution before harvesting in 3 days before harvesting in 2.5 ml/L of strawberry, wherein the volume ratio of the tea tree essential oil to the solidago canadensis essential oil in the preservative sprayed before harvesting is 6: 4, spraying a preservative solution before harvesting in 1.5 ml/L of strawberry, spraying the preservative solution before harvesting in the greenhouse strawberry, wherein the volume ratio of the tea tree essential oil to the solidago canadensis essential oil in the strawberry essential oil in the preservative sprayed before harvesting is 7: 3, spraying period is 7: 3 hours, spraying the greenhouse strawberry solution before harvesting is uniformly sprayed in a greenhouse, spraying period, spraying a batch of strawberry is performed for 3 hours, and spraying the greenhouse is performed after each time, and the greenhouse is performed for 3 hours, and the greenhouse is performed for each time, and the spraying.
2. The spraying method of the greenhouse strawberry pre-harvest preservative according to claim 1, wherein the canadian solidago essential oil extraction process is as follows: collecting solidago canadensis from the bottom of 9 months to the beginning of 10 months every year, drying leaves and flowers, and distilling by adopting steam to obtain the solidago canadensis essential oil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710307926.9A CN107079724B (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2017-05-04 | Preservative spraying method before harvest of greenhouse strawberries |
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| CN107079724A CN107079724A (en) | 2017-08-22 |
| CN107079724B true CN107079724B (en) | 2020-07-14 |
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| CN108354005A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-03 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | The preservation method and bio-preservative used of a kind of strawberry fruit |
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| IL145767A (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2006-10-31 | Israel State | Microbicidal formulation comprising an essential oil or its derivatives |
| CN103300140B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-09-10 | 宁波大学 | Preparation method of compound fresh-keeping solution for sugarcane and fresh sugarcane section with peel |
| KR101545431B1 (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-08-18 | 박규원 | Cultivation method of antioxidant and antibiotic enzyme containing apple using Chamaecyparis obtusa extracts |
| CN103976016A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-13 | 浙江工商大学 | Kiwi fruit preservative and using method thereof |
| CN106359567A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 王开 | Fresh keeping agent containing essential oil, for fruits, and application |
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