CN107061159B - Magnetic suspension type wind power yaw system with variable tail wing - Google Patents
Magnetic suspension type wind power yaw system with variable tail wing Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic suspension variable tail type wind power yaw system which comprises wind power blades, cabin suspension, tail arm extension, tail windward angle adjustment, a generator and a U-shaped tower. The nacelle adopts the synergistic effect of nacelle suspension, tail wing arm extension and tail wing windward angle adjustment, passive yaw is driven by wind power, and the front windward of the fan nacelle or the lateral deviation protection of the generator is completed; the cabin suspension is realized by suspension force generated by cooperation of the two suspension windings and the permanent magnet arranged in the U-shaped tower; after the nacelle is suspended stably, the tail wing arm of force stretches out and draws back, change the arm of force and stretch out and draw back direction by the electromagnetic linkage structure, and cooperate with the drive arm drive shaft by steering coupler, combination reversing gear, carry out the tail wing arm of force to stretch out and draw back; the adjustment of the windward angle of the tail wing changes the windward angle of the tail wing and comprises a mechanical linkage device, a stepping motor and the tail wing. The invention realizes active and passive yaw wind alignment by adopting wind power and tail fin adjustment under cabin suspension, greatly reduces yaw power consumption and improves wind alignment precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic suspension variable tail type wind power yaw system, in particular to a yaw wind device applied to large and medium-sized wind power equipment, which adopts a magnetic suspension technology to realize cabin suspension and flexibly adjust and change yaw moment through a tail fin, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of yaw wind and reducing yaw loss.
Background
Wind power generation is used as a renewable energy source with clean and wide development prospect, and is always an energy development strategy in countries around the world. The lifting wind energy capture is a research hot spot of scientific research workers in the wind power field, a yaw system in the wind generating set is an important link for realizing yaw of a fan cabin to wind based on wind direction change, is an essential component of the horizontal axis wind generating set, and can effectively improve the reliability, service life and power generation efficiency of the wind generating set. However, the traditional medium-and-large-sized wind generating set has the defects that as the generator is arranged in the engine room, the weight of the engine room is large, yaw opposite wind is realized by adopting a yaw motor, yaw power consumption is large, and gaps among various yaw gears are large, so that the yaw opposite wind precision is seriously influenced; the invention patent 200910161406.7 discloses a magnetic suspension yaw device, which adopts a single-point suspension driving technology to reduce yaw loss and yaw faults, but has the problem that the overturning moment after the cabin is suspended cannot be effectively stabilized, and is extremely easy to cause cabin rollover and even system collapse; the small wind driven generator generally adopts the tail fin to yaw passively under the action of wind force, yaw loss is strictly avoided, but the yaw process is greatly influenced by wind speed fluctuation, and the stability of the system capturing power and the accuracy of wind are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetic suspension variable tail type wind power yaw system aiming at the defects in the technology.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention discloses a magnetic suspension variable tail type wind power yaw system which adopts two-point suspension of a cabin, telescopic arm of a tail wing and windward angle adjustment to realize frictionless yaw of a fan cabin. The cabin suspension consists of a suspension winding, a suspension permanent magnet and a horizontal permanent magnet, and the two converters independently control the suspension winding, the suspension permanent magnet and the horizontal permanent magnet to realize stable suspension in a cooperative manner; the tail wing arm of force stretches and contracts and is formed by an electromagnetic linkage structure, a direction-adjusting coupler, a combined reversing gear, an arm of force transmission shaft and an arm of force transmission gear, so that tail wing coupling stretching and shrinking are cooperatively realized; the tail wing windward angle adjustment comprises a mechanical linkage device, a stepping motor and a tail wing, wherein the stepping motor drives the tail wing angle adjustment through the mechanical linkage device.
The suspension windings comprise a wing side suspension winding and a She Ce suspension winding, are arranged at the bottom of the engine room and are respectively formed by connecting 8 windings in series, and the wing side H-bridge converter and the She Ce H-bridge converter regulate and control suspension current in real time according to the change of the overturning force and the downward pressure so as to realize the inhibition of the overturning force; the total number of the suspension permanent magnets is 8, the suspension permanent magnets comprise wing-side suspension permanent magnets and She Ce suspension permanent magnets, the suspension permanent magnets are arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped tower, and the suspension permanent magnets and the suspension windings repel each other to generate suspension lifting force, so that cabin suspension is realized; the horizontal permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged around the U-shaped tower, have the same polarity as the suspension windings, and restrain the horizontal thrust of the engine room through the repulsive force action between the horizontal permanent magnets and the suspension windings; the tower is of a U-shaped structure and is used for rollover protection during cabin suspension and cabin support during frontal windward, and the cabin suspension provides a foundation for motor-free yaw.
The electromagnetic linkage mechanism is a control mechanism for adjusting the direction of a force arm, drives the reversing lever to drive the direction-adjusting coupler to be coupled with the combined reversing gear, and drives the tail shaft to execute force arm stretching through the force arm transmission shaft and the force arm transmission gear, and comprises two relays for stretching and shrinking, a direction-adjusting magnet, a spring and a reversing lever; the direction-adjusting magnet is fixed at the top of the spring, and the direction of movement of the direction-adjusting magnet is changed through the attraction of the relay to drive the reversing rod and the direction-adjusting coupler to slide left and right; the coupling outer ring is connected with the inner ring through the ball and the inner ring clamping groove, so that the inner ring of the steering coupler rotates independently and the inner ring and the outer ring slide cooperatively; the combined reversing gear comprises a homodromous gear and a reversing gear, and is rigidly connected with an output shaft of the generator to finish the steering adjustment of the transmission shaft of the force arm.
The tail wing windward angle adjustment device is characterized in that the mechanical linkage device comprises an angle transmission shaft, an angle transmission gear, an angle adjustment gear and an angle adjustment actuator, wherein the angle transmission shaft is driven by a stepping motor to drive the angle transmission gear and the angle adjustment gear to rotate; the angle adjusting brake is an angle transmission shaft braking device and is used for fixing an angle adjusting gear when the tail wing coupling is adjusted and assisting in driving the arm of force of the tail wing coupling to stretch out and draw back.
The beneficial effects brought by the invention are as follows:
1) The invention changes the current situation that a large and medium-sized fan can only yaw to wind by means of a yaw motor and a mechanical coupling structure by means of the magnetic suspension variable tail wing type wind power yaw system, realizes the passive yaw requirement of the large and medium-sized fan without the yaw motor, reduces yaw loss and improves wind accuracy.
2) According to the invention, by means of cabin suspension, current of the converter is adjusted in real time according to the change of external wind speed and wind direction, suspension repulsive force on two sides is changed, overturning force and downward pressure inhibition are completed, meanwhile, the horizontal permanent magnet effectively counteracts suspension horizontal thrust, stable multi-dimensional suspension of the cabin is ensured, and conditions are provided for operation of a yaw-free motor.
3) According to the invention, by means of the telescopic tail wing force arm and the windward angle adjustment of the tail wing, the yaw moment coarse adjustment is realized, the yaw moment fine adjustment is completed, the yaw rotation speed is strictly limited, and the safety, the reliability and the wind accuracy of the system operation are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a magnetically levitated variable tail wind yaw system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a levitation winding split.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus assembly.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the steering coupler.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of an angle adjusting gear structure.
Fig. 6 is a control flow diagram.
FIG. 7 is a moment arm calculation schematic.
The wind turbine blade assembly includes, in the drawings, 1. Wind blade, 2. Generator shaft, 3. Nacelle, 4. Generator, 5. Generator shaft, 6. Tail arm extension, 7. Moment arm drive gear, 8. Tail arm, 9. Tail arm coupling, 10. Windward angle adjustment, 11. Wing side suspension winding, 12. Wing side horizontal permanent magnet, 13. Wing side suspension permanent magnet, 14. U-shaped tower, 15. She Ce suspension permanent magnet, 16. She Ce. Horizontal permanent magnet, 17. She Ce suspension winding, 18. Fan shaft support, 19. Shaft support, 20. Tension relay, 21. Turn magnet, 22. Contraction relay, 23. Reversing gear, 24. Reversing lever, 25. Steering coupler, 26. Homodromous gear, 27. Transmission shaft, 28. Angle gear L,29. Angle gear R,30. Angle drive gear R,31. Angle drive shaft, 32. Angle drive gear L, 33. Angle drive gear L,34. Stepper motor, 35. Shaft support, 36. Spring, 37. Gear, 38. Recess 39. She Ce. Converter, 40. Power converter, 42. Reversing gear, 42. Inner gear, 45. Reversing gear, 48, and outer gear, and inner gear and outer gear and ring coupling.
Detailed Description
Description of variables:
α 0 : yaw angle of fan blade;
ω opt : yaw limit speed of nacelle;
θ ref : the tail deflection angle;
the invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention discloses a magnetic suspension variable tail type wind power yaw system, which comprises wind blades 1, cabin suspension (11, 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17), tail arm extension and retraction 6, tail windward angle adjustment 10, a generator 4 and a tower 14; the cabin 3 is suspended and consists of suspension windings (11, 17), suspension permanent magnets (13, 15) and horizontal permanent magnets (12, 16); the tail wing arm telescopic mechanism 6 consists of an electromagnetic linkage structure (20, 21, 22, 24 and 36), a steering coupler 25, combined reversing gears (23 and 26), an arm transmission shaft 27 and an arm transmission gear 7; the tail angle adjustment 10 is composed of mechanical linkage devices (30, 31, 32, 33), a stepping motor 34 and a tail 8.
The accurate wind control flow chart of the magnetic suspension variable tail type wind power yaw system disclosed by the invention is shown in figure 5, when the wind direction changes alpha 0 When the wind power system yaw is not equal to 0, the wind power system yaw is started, and the running process sequentially comprises cabin suspension, tail wing arm extension and tail wing windward angle adjustment; nacelle levitation (11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17): the nacelle 3 is started in a suspending way, so that a foundation is provided for passive yaw; tail arm extension 6: determining the stretching direction and the length of the force arm, and performing stretching control on the force arm according to the determined stretching direction and length to finish rough adjustment of yaw moment; tail wing windward angle adjustment 10: arm of force adjustment is carried out simultaneouslyAnd calculating the deflection angle of the tail wing 8, controlling the stepping motor 34 according to the determined angle, accurately changing the yaw moment, realizing active and passive yaw, and finishing accurate wind alignment.
1) Nacelle levitation (11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17): sensor detects yaw angle alpha 0 When the air gap reference is equal to 0, the She Ce converter 39 and the wing-side converter 40 are electrified and started, the same air gap reference is determined, the input currents of the two converters are adjusted according to the change of the wind speed and the wind direction, the two converters coordinate with the suspension permanent magnets (13 and 15), the suspension repulsive force on two sides is changed, the overturning force and the downward pressure change are restrained, the longitudinal stable suspension is realized, the horizontal thrust is effectively counteracted through the horizontal permanent magnets (12 and 16), and the safety guarantee is provided for the passive yaw of the large and medium-sized wind turbine.
2) Tail arm extension 6: after the cabin 3 is suspended stably, the length of a force arm is changed, so that the rough adjustment of yaw torque is realized, and the operation safety and wind accuracy of the system are ensured; according to the wind speed and direction change, determining an adjusting direction, searching the length of a moment arm corresponding to wind speed, determining the approximate range L of the moment arm, further determining the precise adjusting range delta L of the moment arm by combining with the step wind change, determining the final moment arm length L' according to the calculation of two moment arms, and restricting the yaw rotation speed in the yaw process to ensure the operation safety if the yaw speed is larger than omega opt The length L' of the arm of force is reduced, the yaw rotation speed is reduced, if the yaw rotation speed is less than omega opt Increasing the arm L' to increase the yaw rate; after the suspension air gap is stable, the arm of force stretches out and draws back and length L' is confirmed, the fin stretches out and draws back 6 operation, adopt PI control, according to length and direction change, control the on-off of stretching relay 22 or shrink relay 20, drive the reversing lever 24 to drive the steering coupler 25 to couple with combined reversing gears (23, 26), drive the fin shaft coupling 9 to stretch out and draw back through arm of force transmission shaft 27 and arm of force transmission gear 7, finish the arm of force to adjust;
3) Tail wing windward angle adjustment 10: in order to realize accurate wind, the deflection angle of the tail fin 8 is adjusted; firstly, according to the arm of force the length L' and optimum yaw rate omega are regulated opt Minimum adjustment time t min On the premise of safety, comprehensively determining the deflection angle theta of the tail wing 8 ref When facing the wind, the generator 4 exceeds the maximum power, which causes equipment damageAccording to the running state of the generator 4, determining a 4 protection side deflection angle, and adjusting the windward angle of the tail 8 to realize equipment protection; the nacelle 3 is stably suspended, and after the telescopic operation is completed, the yaw angle theta is calculated ref For reference, the stepping motor 34 is controlled to rotate, and the angle transmission shaft 31 and the angle transmission gears (30 and 33) drive the angle adjusting gears (28 and 29) to act, so that angle adjustment is completed, the windward area of the tail 8 is changed, and yaw torque is accurately changed.
And when yaw is finished, the two suspension windings (11 and 17) are powered off, the nacelle 3 is suspended and falls, and the yaw of the wind power system is completed, so that accurate wind alignment is realized.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The magnetic suspension variable tail type wind power yaw system is characterized by comprising wind blades, cabin suspension, tail wing arm extension, tail wing windward angle adjustment, a generator and a tower, wherein the cabin suspension consists of a suspension winding, a suspension permanent magnet and a horizontal permanent magnet, and the two converters independently control the suspension winding and realize cabin stable suspension in cooperation with the suspension permanent magnet and the horizontal permanent magnet; the tail wing force arm stretching and retracting consists of an electromagnetic linkage structure, a direction-adjusting coupler, a combined reversing gear, a force arm transmission shaft and a force arm transmission gear, and the tail wing force arm stretching and retracting is completed cooperatively; the tail wing windward angle adjustment comprises a mechanical linkage structure, a stepping motor and a tail wing, wherein the stepping motor drives the tail wing angle adjustment through the mechanical linkage device;
the suspension windings comprise a wing side suspension winding and a She Ce suspension winding, are arranged at the bottom of the engine room, are respectively formed by connecting 8 windings in series, and are independently subjected to current regulation and control by a wing side H-bridge converter and a She Ce H-bridge converter; the total number of the suspension permanent magnets is 8, and the suspension permanent magnets comprise wing-side suspension permanent magnets and She Ce suspension permanent magnets, and are arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped tower; the horizontal permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged around the U-shaped tower and have the same polarity as the suspension winding, so that the horizontal thrust of the engine room is restrained; the tower is of a U-shaped structure and is used for rollover protection when the cabin is suspended and cabin support when the front face faces the wind; the electromagnetic linkage structure is a control mechanism for adjusting the direction of a force arm, drives the reversing lever to drive the direction-adjusting coupler to be coupled with the combined reversing gear, and drives the tail shaft coupling force arm to stretch out and draw back through the force arm transmission shaft and the force arm transmission gear, and comprises two relays for stretching and contracting, a direction-adjusting magnet, a spring and a reversing lever; the direction-adjusting magnet is fixed at the top of the spring and drives the reversing rod and the direction-adjusting coupler to slide left and right; the coupling external tooth is mechanically coupled with the combined reversing gear, and the coupling external ring is connected with the inner ring through the balls and the inner ring clamping grooves; the combined reversing gear comprises a homodromous gear and a reversing gear, and is rigidly connected with an output shaft of the generator to finish the steering adjustment of the transmission shaft of the force arm;
the mechanical linkage structure comprises an angle transmission shaft, an angle transmission gear, an angle adjusting gear and an angle adjusting actuator, wherein the angle transmission shaft is driven by a stepping motor to drive the angle transmission gear and the angle adjusting gear to rotate; the angle adjusting brake is an angle transmission shaft braking device and is used for fixing an angle adjusting gear when the tail wing coupling is adjusted and assisting in driving the arm of force of the tail wing coupling to stretch;
the magnetic suspension variable tail type wind power yaw system has three working modes of cabin suspension, tail arm extension and tail windward angle adjustment:
1) And (3) suspending a cabin: sensor detects yaw angle alpha 0 When the air gap reference is not equal to 0, the She Ce current transformer and the wing-side current transformer are electrified and started, the same air gap reference is determined, the input currents of the two current transformers are adjusted according to the change of wind speed and wind direction, the two current transformers act in a coordinated manner with the suspension permanent magnet, the suspension repulsive force on two sides is changed, the overturning force and the downward pressure change are restrained, the longitudinal stable suspension is realized, the horizontal thrust is effectively counteracted by the horizontal permanent magnet, and the safety guarantee is provided for the passive yaw of the large and medium-sized wind turbine;
2) The tail wing arm of force stretches out and draws back: after the cabin is suspended stably, the length of a force arm is changed, the rough adjustment of yaw torque is realized, the operation safety of a system and the accuracy of wind are ensured, the adjustment direction is determined according to the change of wind speed and wind direction, the length of the force arm corresponding to wind speed is searched, the approximate range L of the force arm is determined, the step wind change is combined, the precise adjustment range delta L of the force arm is further determined, the final length L' of the force arm is determined according to the calculation of two force arms, the yaw process is used for ensuring the operation safety, the yaw rotating speed is limited, and if the yaw speed is larger than omega, the yaw rotating speed is limited opt L' is reduced, yaw rate is reduced, if yaw rate is less than omega opt After the yaw rotating speed is increased by increasing L ', the suspension air gap is stable, the arm of force stretches out and draws back and the L' is determined, the tail fin stretching operation is executed, PI control is adopted, the on-off of a stretching relay or a shrinking relay is controlled according to the length and direction change, a reversing rod is driven to drive a direction-adjusting coupler to be coupled with a combined reversing gear, and the arm of force is adjusted by driving the tail fin shaft to stretch out and draw back through an arm of force transmission shaft and an arm of force transmission gear;
3) Adjusting the windward angle of the tail wing: in order to realize accurate wind, the tail deflection angle is adjusted; first, the optimal yaw rate omega is adjusted according to the moment arm opt Minimum adjustment time t min On the premise of safety, the tail deflection angle theta is comprehensively determined ref When the wind is opposite, the generator exceeds the maximum power to cause equipment damage, the protection side deflection angle is determined according to the running state of the generator, the tail wing windward angle is adjusted to realize equipment protection, the cabin is stably suspended, and after the telescopic operation is finished, the equipment is protected according to the calculated theta ref For a reference target, the stepping motor is controlled to rotate, the angle adjusting gear is driven to act through the angle transmission shaft and the angle transmission gear, the angle adjustment is completed, the windward area of the tail wing is changed, the yaw torque is accurately changed, the yaw is finished, the two suspension windings are powered off, the cabin is suspended and falls, and the wind power system yaw is completed to accurately realize wind.
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| CN201710106425.4A CN107061159B (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2017-02-27 | Magnetic suspension type wind power yaw system with variable tail wing |
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| CN108019316B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2023-04-25 | 曲阜师范大学 | Magnetic suspension wind power yaw system with active and passive cooperative regulation |
| CN108087203B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2023-10-10 | 曲阜师范大学 | Magnetic suspension hybrid wind power generation system |
| CN109973307B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-06-16 | 杭州德飙新能源科技有限公司 | Wind power generation device capable of automatically adjusting direction |
| CN111637014B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-09-03 | 国电电力文登风力发电有限公司 | Mechanical automatic direction-adjusting wind power generation device |
| CN113075419A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-06 | 苏州容启传感器科技有限公司 | Wind speed and direction detection device |
| CN114483430B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2024-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Swing cylinder vortex-induced vibration tidal current energy utilization device and design method thereof |
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