CN106961019A - A kind of four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies - Google Patents
A kind of four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies Download PDFInfo
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- CN106961019A CN106961019A CN201610908850.0A CN201610908850A CN106961019A CN 106961019 A CN106961019 A CN 106961019A CN 201610908850 A CN201610908850 A CN 201610908850A CN 106961019 A CN106961019 A CN 106961019A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
- H04L27/103—Chirp modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
- H04L27/12—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies, its basic structure includes aerial array, 8 road RF switches, clock and drive circuit and the on-site programmable gate array FPGA unit being made up of 8 antenna elements.The present invention is modulated using many time-modulation frequencies to the antenna element of four-dimensional antenna array, and each unit, using different modulating frequency periodicity break-makes, lower sideband level is realized while centre frequency comprehensive ultralow side lobe directional diagram according to control sequential.In addition, replacing single time-modulation frequency in traditional four-dimensional antenna array from many time-modulation frequencies, the efficiency of control sequential optimization is substantially increased, it is ensured that the practicality of methods described.The present invention uses many time-modulation frequencies, reduces computation complexity, can be widely applied to need the fields such as radar, the radio communication of Sidelobe directional diagram.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna works technical field, it is related to Array Signal Processing, it is specifically a kind of to be based on many times
The four-dimensional antenna array of modulating frequency, the occasion of Sidelobe lower sideband directional diagram is required available for radar, the communications field.
Background technology
In radio communication and radar system, the radiance of single antenna is limited, in order to meet a variety of applied fields
Scape would operate in multiple single antennas of same frequency, according to certain mode to the different demands of antenna system radiance
Arrangement, constitutes aerial array, that is, antenna array.Antenna element is broadly divided into following by its different modes spatially arranged
Three classes, the antenna array of one-dimensional arrangement constitutes uniform or bare cloth line array；Two dimension arrangement antenna array, constitute face battle array or
Ring array；The antenna array of three-dimensional arrangement, constitutes conformal face battle array or body battle array.But in engineer applied, often require that antenna array
Antenna pattern the characteristics of there is high directivity coefficient and Sidelobe, the design freedom of space three-dimensional arrangement has been difficult full
Foot communication and rigors of the radar system to the performance of antenna array.Therefore, this one-dimensional free degree using the time, development time is adjusted
Technology processed, antenna element is structured the formation in time dimension, and constituting four-dimensional antenna array just becomes new generation of wireless communication and radar detection
The important breakthrough mouthful of technology development.1963, the Kummer in USAF laboratory et al. was first by time modulation technique application
In one eight yuan of slotted waveguide array, -39.5dB ultralow side lobe level is realized.Time-modulation battle array is only four-dimensional antenna array
A kind of form.Four-dimensional antenna array carries out time-modulation by controlling the break-make of antenna element to transmission signal, in centre frequency
Produce equivalent weighting and realize Sidelobe.But, harmonic wave is at the same time produced outside centre frequency, this phenomenon is called sideband effect
Answer or sideband radiation.In the implementation while frequency of heart Sidelobe, sideband signals produce interference to desired signal.Four-dimensional antenna array
As a kind of new array format, there is very wide application prospect in radar and the communications field, it is in wireless communication field
Application potential make four-dimensional antenna array research turn into new generation of wireless communicate important development direction.In recent years, Europe, Asia
Etc. the scholar on ground expand research to four-dimensional antenna array, using it in the performance advantage of Sidelobe, perform to pulse Doppler
The application such as radar, monopulse direction finding and secret communication is central.
The sideband radiation of four-dimensional antenna array, in comprehensive Sidelobe directional diagram, can produce interference, shadow to center frequency signal
Ring performance, the reduction antenna array directivity factor of its Sidelobe.Accordingly, it would be desirable to suppress to sideband radiation.Have been reported
Sideband suppressing method, is used mostly, is optimized such as genetic algorithm, differential evolution algorithm, particle cluster algorithm, simulated annealing
Algorithm is to optimizing design to control sequential.But, sidebands levels are reduced only by the optimization to control sequential, it presses down
Effect processed is limited, for example, utilizing genetic algorithm (J.Fondevila et al., " Optimizing uniformly excited
linear arrays through time modulation,”IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag.Lett.,
Vol.3, pp.298-301,2004.), particle cluster algorithm (L.Poli et al., " Handling Sideband
Radiations in Time-Modulated Arrays Through Particle Swarm Optimization,”IEEE
Trans.Antennas Propag., vol.58, no.4, pp.1408-1411, Apr.2010.), differential evolution algorithm
(S.Yang et al.,“Sideband suppression in time modulated linear arrays by the
differential evolution algorithm,”IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag.Lett.,vol.1,
Pp.173-175,2002.) etc., also have using the non-uniform temporal method modulation period (C.He weighted based on Chebyshev
et al.,“Sideband Radiation Level Suppression in Time-Modulated Array by
Nonuniform Period Modulation,”IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag.Lett.,vol.14,
pp.606–609,2015.).But the above method is all only confined in the research to optimized algorithm, for array hardware design not
It is further specified.In the patent related to four-dimensional antenna array, it was recently reported that the advantage of four-dimensional antenna array row, such as Chinese patent
(Li Gang etc., " antenna array phase control technology and its system based on time-modulation are realized ", CN101609931B, 2012；Poplar
Shi Wen etc., " a kind of four-dimensional antenna array based on single pole multiple throw ", CN102646874B, 2015) report some four-dimensional days
The way of realization of linear array, makes aerial array to use the phase shifter can just to realize beam space electric scanning, but do not report
The method that sideband suppresses.
Research work of the present invention based on forefathers in terms of four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method, it is proposed that one kind is based on more
The four-dimensional antenna array sideband of time-modulation frequency suppresses new method.The present invention has been done accordingly to four-dimensional antenna array power control structure
Improve, using the control sequential of time-modulation frequency more than one group, greatly reduce and caused in the past using single time-modulation frequency
Upper sideband level, reduce sideband radiation peak power.And innovated in the method for optimal control sequential, with
The comprehensive Sidelobe direction drawing method of traditional optimized algorithm is different, according to the property of many time-modulation frequency band level, by closing
Reason improves and optimizates flow, needed for the optimized algorithm for shortening integrating center frequency Sidelobe directional diagram simultaneously and suppressed sideband radiation
Time.The present invention can utilize the four-dimensional antenna array of many time-modulation frequencies, realize centre frequency Sidelobe and suppressed sideband
Radiation, reduces interference of the sideband radiation to signal transmission.Maximum innovation is to utilize many time-modulation frequencies, to four-dimensional antenna
The sideband of battle array is suppressed.The method proposed utilizes the control sequential of many time-modulation frequencies, greatly reduces four-dimensional antenna
The complexity of battle array optimization, improves wave beam forming speed, realizes the application requirement of Sidelobe lower sideband.
The content of the invention
The present invention in view of above-mentioned technical background, it is therefore intended that the problem of existing in the application to prior art study with
Solve, it is proposed that a kind of four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies, utilize many time-modulation frequencies
Sequential to four-dimensional antenna array is controlled, and the same suppressed sideband for solving four-dimensional antenna array in comprehensive Sidelobe directional diagram is radiated
Application in, because Sidelobe to weighting requires harsh, the problems such as being difficult to suppress to sideband radiation only with optimized algorithm.
The present invention basic technical scheme be：
The device mainly includes unit 8 uniform linear array, power splitter, radio-frequency switch circuit, field programmable gate array
FPGA unit and time synchronism apparatus.Wherein FPGA unit includes：Computer interface communication module, RF switch SECO mould
Block.FPGA board mainly completes two functions, and one is the RF switch control signal for producing different duty；Two be 8 kinds not
With the signal of time modulating frequency.Each RF switch controls an antenna element passage, within respective modulation period, according to
The control sequential selection that FPGA is produced is switched on or off.For each unit, this periodic break-make can be to transmitting
Signal carries out time-modulation, the harmonic wave of the frequency interval such as generation near centre frequency；For whole array, when different
Between the modulating frequency position that produces harmonic signal it is different, therefore can not be superimposed, so as to reduce sideband radiation.By rationally designing out
Amplitude weighting of the antenna element in centre frequency can be realized by closing make-and-break time sequence, so as to realizing Sidelobe.
The process suppressed using the above method to four-dimensional antenna array sideband is as follows：
1) according to the requirement of required transmission signal, the time-modulation frequency of four-dimensional antenna array unit is set, meter is utilized
Calculation machine optimizes and obtains the optimum timing of four-dimensional antenna array work；
2) four-dimensional antenna array sequential is sent to FPGA unit via computer interface telecommunication circuit to be preserved and handled,
And generation is to the control sequential of RF switch；
3) RF switch control circuit is controlled the RF switch of each antenna element by ordered pair when presetting, and carries out time tune
System, the transmission signal of each antenna element is superimposed in space, forms Sidelobe lower sideband directional diagram.
The innovation of the present invention is that many time-modulation frequency suppressed sidebands for having used four-dimensional antenna array are radiated, from sideband shape
Into physical essence on to suppressing.Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
1) sidebands levels are greatly lowered, using many time-modulation frequencies, from the physical essence of sideband formation, reduction
Sideband radiation level；
2) it is easily achieved, in hardware aspect, only change control consistent with using the four-dimensional antenna of single time-modulation frequency
The sequential of RF switch；
3) reduction optimization difficulty, this sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies, in the mistake using optimisation technique
New sideband computational methods are utilized in journey, the amount of calculation needed for optimization is reduced.
It is characteristic of the invention that using single linear frequency modulation signal source as feed, effectively reducing DDS chips and putting
The quantity of big device, and then system complexity is reduced, reach the purpose of multi-carrier frequency signals emission system miniaturization.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will make needed for embodiment description
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of four-dimensional antenna array structure of the four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies
Figure.
Fig. 2 is absorption RF switch structure figure in the present invention, wherein 11 be 0 degree of delay line phase, 12 be 50 ohm
With resistance, 13 be TTL signal switch chip control line, and 14 be single-pole double throw RF switch.
Fig. 3 is a kind of Optimizing Flow figure of the four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies.
Fig. 4 is a kind of lower sideband level principle of the four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies
Figure, wherein left-half represent the formation of single time-modulation frequency band signal, and the right represents many time-modulation frequency band letters
Number formation, it can be seen that making the sideband signals of unit folded not in same position using many time-modulation frequencies
Plus, the sideband that four-dimensional antenna array is arranged can so significantly reduced.
Fig. 5 is a kind of four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppression side of many time-modulation frequencies of Unit 16 based on uniform frequency interval
The switching sequence figure of method, wherein dash area represent switch conduction times, and blank parts represent turn-off time.
Fig. 6 is to be listed in centre frequency and highest sidebands levels by 16 unit four-dimensional antenna arrays of Fig. 5 SECO of the present invention
Directional diagram.
Specific embodiment
Reference picture 3, the present invention realizes that the process of Sidelobe lower sideband is as follows：
1) the minor level requirement of gain according to needed for array and directional diagram, set four-dimensional antenna array element number and
The time-modulation frequency of each unit.The time-modulation frequency refers to the repetition rate of four-dimensional antenna array switch periods break-make.Its
In k-th of unit time-modulation frequency be fpk, Uk(t) it is the switch control function of k-th of unit：
Wherein k-th unit is weighted in centre frequency and the equivalent of m sidebands,
τk, it is the normalization conducting duration of k-th of unit.
2) optimize four-dimensional antenna array sequential, sequential is entered using the optimized algorithm of the reference picture frequency of time-modulation more than 3 in advance
Row optimization, tries to achieve optimum value；
3) pass a parameter, i.e., send four-dimensional antenna array sequential to FPGA by computer interface telecommunication circuit；
4) receive and preserve, i.e., preserved after four-dimensional antenna array sequential is received by the calculating and interface module of FPGA unit；
5) FPGA produces control sequential, and control RF switch presses the break-make on the default SECO road.Pass through clock control
It is synchronous at the time of making to produce with signal at the time of switch on and off；
6) RF switch carries out time-modulation by the linear FM signal on ordered pair road when presetting, per when signal passes through all the way
Between modulate to antenna element transmit signal；
7) antenna element launches the signal after time-modulation, and the transmission signal of each antenna element is superimposed in space,
The output of Sidelobe lower sideband directional diagram is formed, its array factor is as follows：
Embodiment：Many time-modulation frequency band suppressing methods based on unit 8 four-dimensional antenna array
Four-dimensional antenna is constituted using the omni-directional array element of 8 half-wavelength equidistantly distributeds in reference picture 1, the present embodiment
Battle array.The array antenna mainly include 8 antenna elements, 8 controlled by TTL signal absorption RF switch, 1 point of 8 power splitter,
FPGA board and signal source.The TTL signal control for the different frequency that all switches are produced by FPGA board.
The break-make for optimizing absorption RF switch by using optimized algorithm selects sequential, can be in constant amplitude with mutually feed
In the case of realize to side and penetrate direction Sidelobe lower sideband directional diagram, Fig. 5 is to optimize the unit drawn using optimized algorithm
Control sequential, wherein black shaded area represent that switch is in the conduction state, and blank parts represent that switch is off.Figure
6 be to be operated in the four-dimensional antenna array of multi-carrier frequency signals emission state within a time-modulation cycle in centre frequency and positive and negative four
The directional diagram of individual sideband.It can be seen that, center frequency-band realizes -30dB directional diagrams, and sidebands levels are -36.94dB.Therefore, herein
Under state, it is possible to use unit 8 line array is operated in transmitting or reception state while realizing that the design of Sidelobe and lower sideband will
Ask.Because the RF switch for controlling each antenna element is operated in different frequency, the principle of reference picture 4, sideband radiation is dropped significantly
Low, the interference to centre frequency is greatly reduced.The Sidelobe lower sideband directional diagram of generation can apply in point-to-point communication or
In radar system, have in huge applications potentiality.
Above is the description to the present invention and its embodiment provided to the engineers and technicians in familiar field of the present invention,
These descriptions should be considered to be illustrative and not restrictive.Engineers and technicians can be accordingly in invention claims
Thought is done specific operation and implemented, and naturally also a series of change can be done to embodiment according to the above.It is above-mentioned these all
The coverage of the present invention should be considered as.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies, it is main that its basic structure includes the device
Including unit 8 uniform linear array, power splitter, radio-frequency switch circuit, on-site programmable gate array FPGA unit and time synchronized
Device；It is characterized in that each RF switch controls an antenna element passage, within respective modulation period, produced according to FPGA
Raw control sequential selection is switched on or off；For each unit, this periodic break-make can be carried out to transmission signal
Time-modulation, the harmonic wave of the frequency interval such as generation near centre frequency；For whole array, different time-modulations are frequently
The position that rate produces harmonic signal is different, therefore can not be superimposed, so as to reduce sideband radiation.
2. a kind of four-dimensional antenna array sideband suppressing method based on many time-modulation frequencies according to claim 1, it is special
It is that FPGA board mainly completes two functions to levy, and one is the RF switch control signal for producing different duty；Two be 8 kinds
The signal of different time modulating frequency.
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| CN109037972A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-12-18 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of antenna based on double time-modulation answers weight feeding network |
| CN109765520A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-17 | 西华大学 | A kind of direction of arrival estimation method based on time-modulation array harmonic wave beam scanning |
| CN110139272A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-16 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of secret signalling based on random sequence four-dimension ring array |
| CN110336627A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-15 | 电子科技大学 | Array antenna amplitude-phase regulator control system and its implementation based on time-modulation |
| CN110456303A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-15 | 上海瑞章物联网技术有限公司 | The positioning system of RFID label tag |
| CN110493777A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-22 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of multiple target secret signalling based on four-dimensional antenna array |
| CN110890908A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-17 | 电子科技大学 | Pre-modulation secret communication system and method based on four-dimensional antenna array |
| CN111092642A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-05-01 | 电子科技大学 | Dynamic direction modulation method based on four-dimensional antenna array |
| CN111370873A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-03 | 电子科技大学 | High-efficiency phase modulation system based on time modulation array |
| CN112003016A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-27 | 上海交通大学 | Time modulation amplitude and phase control system and method based on power cancellation and control method thereof |
| WO2020244118A1 (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-10 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Antenna structure and electronic device, and arraying method and apparatus for antenna structure |
| CN112787698A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 电子科技大学 | Efficient time modulation array harmonic wave beam forming system and implementation method thereof |
| CN115589241A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-01-10 | 电子科技大学 | Four-dimensional antenna multi-beam forming method and system based on phase modulation |
| CN115695129A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-02-03 | 电子科技大学 | Sideband radiation suppression method for time modulation array and antenna system |
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| CN109037972A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-12-18 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of antenna based on double time-modulation answers weight feeding network |
| CN109765520A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-17 | 西华大学 | A kind of direction of arrival estimation method based on time-modulation array harmonic wave beam scanning |
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| CN110336627B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-09-11 | 电子科技大学 | Array antenna amplitude and phase regulation and control system based on time modulation and implementation method thereof |
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| CN110493777B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-07-17 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-target secret communication system based on four-dimensional antenna array |
| CN110890908A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-17 | 电子科技大学 | Pre-modulation secret communication system and method based on four-dimensional antenna array |
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| CN111370873B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-01-26 | 电子科技大学 | High-efficiency phase modulation system based on time modulation array |
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| CN112787698A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 电子科技大学 | Efficient time modulation array harmonic wave beam forming system and implementation method thereof |
| CN115695129A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-02-03 | 电子科技大学 | Sideband radiation suppression method for time modulation array and antenna system |
| CN115695129B (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2024-03-26 | 电子科技大学 | Sideband radiation suppression method for time modulation array and antenna system |
| CN115589241A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-01-10 | 电子科技大学 | Four-dimensional antenna multi-beam forming method and system based on phase modulation |
| CN115589241B (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-03-26 | 电子科技大学 | Four-dimensional antenna multi-beam forming method and system based on phase modulation |
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