CN106907416A - The gradual change gap design method of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non- - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the gradual change gap design method of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, belong to suspension leaf spring technical field.The present invention can be clamped away from, each contact load according to the structural parameters of each main spring and auxiliary spring, elastic modelling quantity, U-bolts and is left cotangent bank high request value in rated load, the two-stage gradual change gap of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formulaδ _MA1Withδ _A12It is designed.By model machine load deflection result of the test, the gradual change gap design method of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula provided by the present invention is non-is correct, is that reliable technical foundation has been established in the design and CAD software exploitation of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-.Using the available accurately and reliably two-stage gradual change gap design load of the method, the design level and vehicle ride performance and security of product are improved；Meanwhile, design and testing expenses can be also reduced, accelerate product development speed.

Description

The gradual change gap design method of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-

Technical field

The present invention relates to the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as vehicle suspension leaf spring, particularly two-stage auxiliary spring formula be non-gradually Varied clearance design method.

Background technology

In order to improve the design requirement of ride performance of the vehicle under rated load, by former first-order gradient rigidity leaf spring Auxiliary spring splits and is designed as two-stage auxiliary spring, i.e., using two-stage auxiliary spring formula progressive rate leaf spring；Simultaneously as the system of acceptor's spring intensity About, generally by main spring initial tangential camber, first order auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring initial tangential camber, main spring and first order pair Two-stage gradual change gap between spring and between the first auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring, makes auxiliary spring suitably undertake load in advance, so as to drop Low main spring stress, the suspension offset frequency under contact load is unequal, i.e., the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, its In, two-stage gradual change gap determined by the initial tangential camber of main spring and auxiliary spring at different levels, and influence leaf spring contact load, Progressive rate and maximum stress, suspension offset frequency and vehicle ride performance and security.However, because the non-grade of two-stage auxiliary spring formula is inclined Amount of deflection of the frequency type progressive rate leaf spring in progressive formation is extremely complex, and by the design of initial tangential camber and leaf spring curved The restriction that shape and at an arbitrary position curved surface camber are calculated, understands according to consulting reference materials, and previously fails to provide two-stage auxiliary spring formula non-always Etc. the gradual change gap design method of offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring, it is thus impossible to meet Vehicle Industry fast development and bearing spring Suspension modernizes the requirement of CAD design and software development.With Vehicle Speed and its continuous improvement to ride comfort requirement, Requirements at the higher level are proposed to progressive rate plate spring suspension brackets, therefore, it is necessary to it is non-etc. partially to set up a kind of accurate, reliable two-stage auxiliary spring formula The gradual change gap design method of frequency type progressive rate leaf spring, is the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-design and modern Change CAD software exploitation and establish reliable technical foundation, meet Vehicle Industry fast-developing, vehicle ride performance and firm to gradual change The design requirement of leaf spring is spent, design level, product quality and the property of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-is improved Energy and vehicle ride performance and security；Meanwhile, design and testing expenses are reduced, accelerate product development speed.

The content of the invention

For defect present in above-mentioned prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention be to provide it is a kind of easy, The gradual change gap design method of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as reliable two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, design cycle is as shown in Figure 1.Two-stage The half symmetrical structure of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as auxiliary spring formula is non-is as shown in Fig. 2 be by main spring 1, first order auxiliary spring 2 and Two grades of auxiliary springs 3 are constituted.Using two-stage auxiliary spring, two are provided between main spring and first order auxiliary spring and first order auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring Level gradual change gap delta_MA1And δ_A12, to improve the vehicle ride performance under rated load；In order to ensure meeting main spring stress intensity Design requirement, first order auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring suitably undertake load in advance, and suspension gradual change load offset frequency is unequal, i.e., non-etc. Offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring.The half total span of leaf spring is equal to the first half action length L of main spring_1T, U-bolts clamping Away from half be L₀, width is b, and elastic modelling quantity is E.The piece number of main spring 1 is n, and the i-th main spring thickness of main spring is h_i, half work It is L with length_iT, half clamping length L_i=L_iT-L₀/ 2, i=1,2 ..., n.First order auxiliary spring piece number is m₁, jth piece one-level pair The thickness of spring is h_A1j=h_n+j, half action length is L_A1jT, half clamping length L_A1j=L_A1jT-L₀/ 2, j=1,2 ..., m₁。 The piece number sum N of main spring and first order auxiliary spring₁=n+m₁.Second level auxiliary spring piece number is m₂, wherein, the thickness of kth piece auxiliary spring is h_A2k=h_N1+k, half action length is L_A2kT, half clamping length L_A2k=L_A2kT-L₀/ 2, k=1,2 ..., m₂.Major-minor spring it is total Piece number N=n+m₁+m₂.By main spring and the initial tangential camber of first order auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring, it is ensured that meet two-stage gradual change Gap gap δ_MA1And δ_A12, and start contact load P the 1st time_k1, start contact load P the 2nd time_k2, completely attach to load the 2nd time P_w2, progressive rate K_kwP1And K_kwP2Design requirement.Structural parameters, elastic modelling quantity according to each main spring and auxiliary spring, spiral shell of riding Bolt clamp away from, each contact load, rated load and be left cotangent bank high request value in rated load, it is non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula Etc. the two-stage gradual change gap delta of offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring_MA1And δ_A12It is designed.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula provided by the present invention is non-is gradually Varied clearance design method, it is characterised in that use following design procedure：

(1) the two-stage gradual change of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-clamps stiffness K_kwP1And K_kwP2Calculating：

Step A：First order gradual change clamps stiffness K_kwP1Calculating

Start contact load P according to the 1st time_k1, the 2nd beginning contact load P_k2, main spring clamping stiffness K_M, main spring and first The compound clamping stiffness K of level auxiliary spring_MA1, to load p in [P_k1,P_k1] scope when first order gradual change clamp stiffness K_kwP1Counted Calculate, i.e.,

Step B：Second level gradual change clamps stiffness K_kwP2Calculating

Start contact load P according to the 2nd time_k2, the 2nd full contact load p_w2, the compound folder of main spring and first order auxiliary spring Tight stiffness K_MA1, the total compound clamping stiffness K of major-minor spring_MA2, to load p in [P_k2,P_w2] in the range of when second level gradual change clamp Stiffness K_kwP2Calculated, i.e.,

(2) the main spring initial tangential camber H of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_gM0Design：

Start contact load P according to the 1st time_k1, the 2nd beginning contact load P_k2, the 2nd full contact load p_w2, it is specified Load p_N, main spring clamping stiffness K_M, the total compound clamping stiffness K of major-minor spring_MA, in rated load P_NUnder remaining tangent line camber H_gMN, and the K being calculated in step (1)_kwP1And K_kwP2, at the beginning of the main spring of offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula Beginning tangent line camber H_gM0It is designed, i.e.,

(3) first order auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_gA10Set Meter：

I steps：Main spring tailpiece lower surface radius of curvature R_M0bCalculating

According to main reed number n, each thickness h of main spring_i, i=1,2 ..., n；The first half clamping length L of main spring₁, step Suddenly the H that design is obtained in (2)_gM0, to main spring tailpiece lower surface radius of curvature R_M0bCalculated, i.e.,

Ii steps：First upper surface radius of curvature R of first order auxiliary spring_A10aCalculate

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；Main reed number n, each The thickness h of main spring_i, i=1,2 ..., n；The half clamping length L of first of main spring₁, the 1st beginning contact load P_k1, and i steps In the R that is calculated_M0b, to first upper surface radius of curvature R of first order auxiliary spring_A10aCalculated, i.e.,

In formula, h_MeIt is the equivalent thickness of main spring root lap,

Iii steps：First order auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H_gA10Design

According to the first order auxiliary spring half clamping length L of first_A11, the R that ii step values are calculated_A0a, to first order pair Spring initial tangential camber H_gA10It is designed, i.e.,

(4) second level auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_gA20Set Meter：

A steps：First order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface radius of curvature R_A10Calculating

According to first order auxiliary spring piece number m₁, the thickness h that first order auxiliary spring is each_A1j, j=1,2 ..., m₁；Calculated in ii steps The R for obtaining_A0a, to the main spring tailpiece lower surface radius of curvature R of the first order_A10bCalculated, i.e.,

B step：R on first upper table curvature radius of second level auxiliary spring_A20aCalculating

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；Main reed number n, each The thickness h of main spring_i, i=1,2 ..., n, the half clamping length L of first of main spring₁；First order auxiliary spring piece number m₁, first order auxiliary spring The thickness h of each_A1j, j=1,2 ..., m₁；Start contact load P 1st time_k1, the 2nd beginning contact load P_k2, and in a steps The R being calculated_A10b, to first radius of curvature R of upper surface of second level auxiliary spring_A20aCalculated, i.e.,

In formula, h_MA1eIt is the root lap equivalent thickness of main spring and first order auxiliary spring,

Step c：Second level auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H_gA20Design

According to the second level auxiliary spring half clamping length L of first_A21, the R that b step value is calculated_A20a, to second level pair The tangent line camber H of spring_gA20It is designed, i.e.,

(5) first order gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_MA1Design：

I steps：The first main equivalent end points power F of spring based on main spring tangent line camber_M1eCalculating

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；The first thickness of main spring h₁, half clamping length L₁, the H that design is obtained in step (2)_gM0, to the first main equivalent end points of spring based on main spring tangent line camber Power F_M1eCalculated, i.e.,

II steps：Curved surface high H of the main spring tailpiece at the correspondence first order first endpoint location of auxiliary spring_M1-A1endCalculate

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E=200Gpa；Main spring is first The thickness h of piece₁, half clamping length L₁；The half clamping length L of first of first order auxiliary spring_A11, and be calculated in I steps F_M1e, to curved surface height H of the main spring tailpiece at the correspondence first order first endpoint location of auxiliary spring_M1-A1endCalculated, i.e.,

In formula,It is deformation coefficient of the main spring at the correspondence first order first endpoint location of auxiliary spring,

III steps：The first order gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_MA1Design

The H for obtaining is designed in iii steps according to step (3)_gA10, the H that II steps are calculated_M1-M2end, to two-stage pair The first order gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as spring formula is non-_MA1It is designed, i.e.,

δ_MA1=H_M1-A1end-H_gA10；

(6) second level gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_A12Design：

1. step：The equivalent end points power F of first of first order auxiliary spring based on initial tangential camber_A1eCalculate

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；First of first order auxiliary spring Thickness h_A11, the half clamping length L of first of first order auxiliary spring_A11, the H for obtaining is designed in the iii steps of step (3)_gA10, it is right The equivalent end points power F of first of first order auxiliary spring based on initial tangential camber_A1eCalculated, i.e.,

2. step：Curved surface height H of the first order auxiliary spring tailpiece at correspondence first endpoint location of second level auxiliary spring_A1-A2endMeter Calculate

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；First of first order auxiliary spring Thickness h_A11, the half clamping length L of first of first order auxiliary spring_A11；The half clamping length L of first of second level auxiliary spring_A21, and 1. the F being calculated in step_A1e, it is high to curved surface of the first order auxiliary spring tailpiece at correspondence first endpoint location of second level auxiliary spring Degree H_A1-A2endCalculated, i.e.,

In formula,It is deformation coefficient of the first order auxiliary spring at correspondence first endpoint location of second level auxiliary spring, i.e.,

3. step：Second level gradual change gap delta_A12Design

According to the H being calculated in 2. step_A1-A2end, the H for obtaining is designed in the step c of step (4)_gA20, to two-stage pair The second level gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as spring formula is non-_A12It is designed, i.e.,

δ_A12=H_A1-A2end-H_gA20。

The present invention has the advantage that than prior art

Because two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-etc., amount of deflection of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring in progressive formation is extremely complex, and receives Initial tangential camber is designed and leaf spring curve form and the restriction of curved surface camber calculating at an arbitrary position, is understood according to consulting reference materials, Previously fail to provide the gradual change gap design method of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-always, it is thus impossible to full Fast-developing and bearing spring suspension modernization CAD design and software development the requirement of sufficient Vehicle Industry.The present invention can be according to each The structural parameters of the main spring of piece and auxiliary spring, elastic modelling quantity, U-bolts are clamped away from, each contact load, in clamping rigidity at different levels and Progressive rate calculating and the design of initially handing over camber and leaf spring curve form meter and the basis that curved surface camber is calculated at an arbitrary position On, the two-stage gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula_MAAnd δ_A12It is designed.By model machine plus Carry flexure test result to understand, the gradual change gap of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula provided by the present invention is non-sets Meter method is correct, is that the design of initial tangential camber and CAD software of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-are opened Hair has established reliable technical foundation.Using the available accurately and reliably two-stage gradual change gap delta of the method_MAAnd δ_A12Design load, Ensure to meet the design requirement of contact load, progressive rate and suspension offset frequency and vehicle ride performance, so as to further improve The design level of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, quality and performance and vehicle ride performance and safety Property；Meanwhile, design and experimental test expense can be also reduced, accelerate product development speed.

Brief description of the drawings

For a better understanding of the present invention, it is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the gradual change gap design flow diagram of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-；

Fig. 2 is the half symmetrical structure schematic diagram of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-；

Fig. 3 is the clamping stiffness K of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-of embodiment one with the change of load p Change curve.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below by embodiment.

Embodiment：The width b=63mm of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as certain two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, U-bolts clamp away from Half L₀=50mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa, allowable stress [σ]=430MPa.Main reed number n=3 pieces, each main spring Thickness h₁=h₂=h₃=8mm, half action length is respectively L_1T=525mm, L_2T=450mm, L_3T=350mm；Each master The half clamping length of spring is respectively L₁=L_1T-L₀/ 2=500mm, L₂=L_2T-L₀/ 2=425mm, L₃=L_3T-L₀/ 2= 325mm.First order auxiliary spring piece number m₁=1, thickness h_A11=13mm, half action length is L_A11T=250mm, half clamps length It is L to spend_A11=L_A11T-L₀/ 2=225mm.Second level auxiliary spring piece number m₂=1, thickness h_A21=13mm, half action length is L_A21T =150mm, half clamping length is L_A12=L_A21T-L₀/ 2=125mm.The total tablet number of major-minor spring is N=5.Main spring clamps rigidity K_MThe compound clamping stiffness K of=75.4N/mm, main spring and first order auxiliary spring_MA1=144.5N/mm, the total compound of major-minor spring is clamped Stiffness K_MA2=172.9N/mm.First order gradual change gap between first upper surface of first order auxiliary spring and main spring tailpiece lower surface is δ_MA1And the second level gradual change gap between first upper surface of second level auxiliary spring and first order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface is δ_A12To treat Design parameter.Start contact load P 1st time_k1=1888N, the 2nd beginning contact load P_k2=2641N, the 2nd full contact Load p_w2=3694N, rated load P_N=7227N, the remaining tangent line camber required value H under rated load_gMN=26.1mm. Each main spring and the first order and the structural parameters of second level auxiliary spring according to the leaf spring with gradually changing stiffness, elastic modelling quantity, contact Load, rated load and the remaining tangent line camber required value under rated load, the offset frequency type gradual change such as non-to the two-stage auxiliary spring formula The two-stage gradual change gap delta of rigidity leaf spring_MA1And δ_A12Design design.

The gradual change gap design method of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula that present example is provided is non-, its Design cycle is as shown in figure 1, specific design step is as follows：

(1) the two-stage gradual change of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-clamps stiffness K_kwP1And K_kwP2Calculating：

Step A：First order gradual change clamps stiffness K_kwp1Calculating

Start contact load P according to the 1st time_k1=1888N, the 2nd beginning contact load P_k2=2641N, main spring clamps firm Degree K_MThe compound clamping stiffness K of=75.4N/mm, main spring and first order auxiliary spring_MA1=144.5N/mm, to load p in [P_k1,P_k1] The first order gradual change of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula during scope is non-clamps stiffness K_kwP1Calculated, i.e.,

Step B：Second level gradual change clamps stiffness K_kwP2Calculating

Start contact load P according to the 2nd time_k2=2641N, the 2nd full contact load p_w2=3694N, main spring and first The compound clamping stiffness K of level auxiliary spring_MA1=144.5N/mm, the total compound of major-minor spring clamps stiffness K_MA2=172.9N/mm, to carrying Lotus P is in [P_k2,P_w2] in the range of when the second level gradual change of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-clamp rigidity K_kwP2Calculated, i.e.,

Using Matlab calculation procedures, the clamping of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as the two-stage auxiliary spring formula that is calculated is non- Stiffness K with load p change curve, as shown in figure 3, wherein, working as load p<P_k1During=1888N, stiffness K=K is clamped_M= 75.4N/mm, as load p=P_k2During=2641N, stiffness K=K is clamped_MA1=144.5N/mm, works as load p>P_w2During=3694N, Clamp stiffness K=K_MA2=172.9N/mm.

(2) the main spring initial tangential camber H of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_gM0Design：

Start contact load P according to the 1st time_k1=1888N, the 2nd beginning contact load P_k2=2641N, the 2nd time completely Contact load P_w2=3694N, rated load P_N=7227N, in rated load P_NUnder remaining camber design requirement value be H_gMN =26.1mm, main spring clamps stiffness K_M=75.4N/mm；The total compound of major-minor spring clamps stiffness K_MA=172.9N/mm, step (1) Step A in the K that is calculated_kwP1, the K being calculated in step B_kwP2, the offset frequency type progressive rate such as non-to the two-stage auxiliary spring formula The main spring initial tangential camber H of leaf spring_gM0It is designed, i.e.,

(3) first order auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_gA10Set Meter：

I steps：Main spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius R_M0bCalculating

According to main reed number n=3, each thickness h of main spring_i=8mm, i=1,2 ..., n；The half of first of main spring is clamped Length L₁The H that design is obtained in=500mm, step (2)_gM0=85.3mm, to main spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius R_M0b Calculated, i.e.,

Ii steps：First radius of curvature R of upper surface of first order auxiliary spring_A10aCalculate

According to the width b=63mm of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E=200GPa； Main reed number n=3, each thickness h of main spring_i=8mm, i=1,2 ..., n, the half clamping length L of first of main spring₁= 500mm；Start contact load P 1st time_k1The R being calculated in=1888N, and i steps_M0b=1531.9mm, to first order pair First radius of curvature R of upper surface of spring_A10aCalculated, i.e.,

In formula, h_MeIt is the equivalent thickness of main spring root lap,

Iii steps：First order auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H_gA10Design

According to the first order auxiliary spring half clamping length L of first_A11The R that=225mm, ii step value are calculated_A0a= 2776.7mm, to first order auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H_gA10It is designed, i.e.,

(4) second level auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_gA20Design

A steps：First order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius R_A10Calculating

Piece number m according to first order auxiliary spring₁=1, thickness h_A11The R being calculated in=13mm, ii step_A0a= 2776.7mm, spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius R main to the first order_A10bCalculated, i.e.,

B step：R on first upper surface initial curvature radius of second level auxiliary spring_A20aCalculating

According to the width b=63mm of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E=200GPa； Main reed number n=3, each thickness h of main spring_i=8mm, i=1,2 ..., n, the 1st half clamping length L of main spring₁= 500mm；The piece number m of first order auxiliary spring₁=1, thickness h_A11=13mm；Start contact load P 1st time_k1=1888N, opens for the 2nd time Beginning contact load P_k2=2641N, the h being calculated in the I steps of step (1)_MA1eIt is calculated in=15.5mm, and a steps R_A10b=2789.7mm, to first of second level auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius R_A20aCalculated, i.e.,

In formula, h_MA1eIt is the equivalent thickness of main spring and the root lap of first order auxiliary spring,

Step c：Second level auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H_gA20Design

According to the second level auxiliary spring half clamping length L of first_A21=125mm, the R that b step value is calculated_A20a= 3221.3mm, to second level auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H_gA20It is designed, i.e.,

(5) first order gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_MA1Design：

I steps：The first main equivalent end points power F of spring based on main spring tangent line camber_M1eCalculate

According to the width b=63mm of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E=200Gpa； The first thickness h of main spring₁=8mm, half clamping length L₁The H that design is obtained in=500mm, step (2)_gM0=85.3mm is right The first main equivalent end points power F of spring based on main spring tangent line camber_M1eCalculated, i.e.,

II steps：Curved surface high H of the main spring tailpiece at the correspondence first order first endpoint location of auxiliary spring_M1-A1endCalculate

According to the width b=63mm of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E=200Gpa； The thickness h of first of main spring₁=8mm, half clamping length L₁=500mm；The half clamping length L of first of first order auxiliary spring_A11= The F being calculated in 225mm, and I steps_M1e=1100N, to main spring tailpiece at correspondence one-level first endpoint location of auxiliary spring Curved surface height H_M1-A1endCalculated, i.e.,

In formula,It is the first deformation coefficient at the correspondence first order first endpoint location of auxiliary spring of main spring,

III steps：First order gradual change gap delta_MA1Design

The H for obtaining is designed in III steps according to step (3)_gA10The H that=9.1mm, II step are calculated_M1-M2end= 22mm, the first order gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula_MA1It is designed, i.e.,

δ_MA1=H_M1-A1end-H_gA10=12.9mm.

(6) second level gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_A12Design：

1. step：The equivalent end points power F of first of first order auxiliary spring based on initial tangential camber_A1eCalculate

According to the width b=63mm of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E=200Gpa； The thickness h that first order auxiliary spring is first_A11=13mm, half clamping length L_A11=225mm, is designed in the iii steps of step (3) The H for arriving_gA10=9.1mm, to the equivalent end points power F of first of first order auxiliary spring based on initial tangential camber_A1eCalculated, i.e.,

2. step：Curved surface height H of the first order auxiliary spring tailpiece at correspondence first endpoint location of second level auxiliary spring_A1-A2endMeter Calculate

According to the width b=63mm of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E=200Gpa； The thickness h that first order auxiliary spring is first_A11=13mm, half clamping length L_A11=225mm；The half that second level auxiliary spring is first is clamped Length L_A21=125mm, and the F being 1. calculated in step_A1e=552.9N, to first order auxiliary spring tailpiece in correspondence second level pair Curved surface height H at first endpoint location of spring_A1-A2endCalculated, i.e.,

In formula,It is the first deformation coefficient at correspondence first endpoint location of second level auxiliary spring of first order auxiliary spring, i.e.,

3. step：Second level gradual change gap delta_A12Design

According to the H being calculated in 2. step_A1-A2end=3.4mm, the H for obtaining is designed in the step c of step (4)_gA20= 2.4mm, the second level gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula_A12It is designed, i.e.,

δ_A12=H_A1-A2end-H_gA20=1.0mm.

Tested by model machine load deflection, the offset frequency type progressive rate such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula provided by the present invention is non- The gradual change gap design method of leaf spring is correct, and for two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-etc., the design of offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring is provided reliably Technical method.Reliable two-stage gradual change gap delta is can obtain using the method_MA1And δ_A12Design load, it is ensured that meet two-stage auxiliary spring The design requirement of the contact load, progressive rate and suspension offset frequency of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring under rated load such as formula is non- Value, improves design level, quality and performance and the vehicle ride performance of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non- And security；Meanwhile, reduce design and experimental test takes, accelerate product development speed.

Claims (1)

1. the gradual change gap design method of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, wherein, each leaf spring is with center Mounting hole symmetrical structure, install clamp away from half for U-bolts clamp away from half；Auxiliary spring is designed as two-stage auxiliary spring, By main spring and the initial tangential camber of auxiliary spring at different levels, it is ensured that main spring and first order auxiliary spring, first order auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring Between two-stage gradual change gap delta_MA1And δ_A12, improve ride performance of the vehicle under rated load；In order to ensure meeting main spring Stress intensity design requirement, makes first order auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring suitably undertake load in advance, the suspension under gradual change load Offset frequency is unequal, i.e., the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-；According to each structural parameters of leaf spring, springform Amount, U-bolts clamp away from, each contact load, rated load and be left cotangent bank high request value in rated load, to two The two-stage gradual change gap of the level offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as auxiliary spring formula is non-is designed, and specific design step is as follows：

(1) the two-stage gradual change of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-clamps stiffness K_kwP1And K_kwP2Calculating：

Step A：First order gradual change clamps stiffness K_kwP1Calculating

Start contact load P according to the 1st time_k1, the 2nd beginning contact load P_k2, main spring clamping stiffness K_M, main spring and first order pair The compound clamping stiffness K of spring_MA1, to load p in [P_k1,P_k1] scope when first order gradual change clamp stiffness K_kwP1Calculated, i.e.,

$K_{kwP1}=\frac{P}{P_{k1}}{K}_M+\frac{P-P_{k1}}{P_{k2}-P_{k1}}(K_{MA1}-\frac{P_{k2}}{P_{k1}}{K}_M),P\&Element;\&lsqb;P_{k1},P_{k1}\&rsqb;;$

Step B：Second level gradual change clamps stiffness K_kwP2Calculating

Start contact load P according to the 2nd time_k2, the 2nd full contact load p_w2, main spring is firm with the compound clamping of first order auxiliary spring Degree K_MA1, the total compound clamping stiffness K of major-minor spring_MA2, to load p in [P_k2,P_w2] in the range of when second level gradual change clamp rigidity K_kwP2Calculated, i.e.,

$K_{kwP2}=\frac{P}{P_{k2}}{K}_{MA1}+\frac{P-P_{k2}}{P_{w2}-P_{k2}}(K_{MA2}-\frac{P_{w2}}{P_{k2}}{K}_{MA1}),P\&Element;\&lsqb;P_{k2},P_{w2}\&rsqb;;$

(2) the main spring initial tangential camber H of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_gM0Design：

Start contact load P according to the 1st time_k1, the 2nd beginning contact load P_k2, the 2nd full contact load p_w2, rated load P_N, main spring clamping stiffness K_M, the total compound clamping stiffness K of major-minor spring_MA, in rated load P_NUnder remaining tangent line camber H_gMN, and The K being calculated in step (1)_kwP1And K_kwP2, the main spring initial tangential of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula Camber H_gM0It is designed, i.e.,

$H_{gM0}=\frac{P_{k1}}{K_M}+{\&Integral;}_{P_{k1}}^{P_{k2}}\frac{dP}{K_{kwP1}}+{\&Integral;}_{P_{k2}}^{P_{w2}}\frac{dP}{K_{kwP2}}+\frac{P_N-P_{w2}}{K_{MA}}+H_{gMN};$

(3) first order auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_gA10Design：

I steps：Main spring tailpiece lower surface radius of curvature R_M0bCalculating

According to main reed number n, each thickness h of main spring_i, i=1,2 ..., n；The first half clamping length L of main spring₁, step (2) H that design is obtained in_gM0, to main spring tailpiece lower surface radius of curvature R_M0bCalculated, i.e.,

$R_{M0b}=\frac{{L_1}^2+H_{gM0}^2}{2H_{gM0}}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\&Sigma;}}{h}_i;$

Ii steps：First upper surface radius of curvature R of first order auxiliary spring_A10aCalculate

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；Main reed number n, each main spring Thickness h_i, i=1,2 ..., n；The half clamping length L of first of main spring₁, the 1st beginning contact load P_k1, and i steps fall into a trap The R for obtaining_M0b, to first upper surface radius of curvature R of first order auxiliary spring_A10aCalculated, i.e.,

$R_{A10a}=\frac{R_{M0b}{\mathrm{Ebh}}_{Me}^3}{{\mathrm{Ebh}}_{Me}^3-6R_{M0b}{P}_{k1}{L}_1};$

In formula, h_MeIt is the equivalent thickness of main spring root lap,

Iii steps：First order auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H_gA10Design

According to the first order auxiliary spring half clamping length L of first_A11, the R that ii step values are calculated_A0a, at the beginning of first order auxiliary spring Beginning tangent line camber H_gA10It is designed, i.e.,

$H_{gA10}=R_{A10a}-\sqrt{R_{A0a}^2-L_{A11}^2};$

(4) second level auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_gA20Design：

A steps：First order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface radius of curvature R_A10Calculating

According to first order auxiliary spring piece number m₁, the thickness h that first order auxiliary spring is each_A1j, j=1,2 ..., m₁；It is calculated in ii steps R_A0a, to the main spring tailpiece lower surface radius of curvature R of the first order_A10bCalculated, i.e.,

$R_{A10b}=R_{A0a}+\underset{j=1}{\overset{m_1}{\&Sigma;}}{h}_{A1j};$

B step：R on first upper table curvature radius of second level auxiliary spring_A20aCalculating

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；Main reed number n, each main spring Thickness h_i, i=1,2 ..., n, the half clamping length L of first of main spring₁；First order auxiliary spring piece number m₁, each of first order auxiliary spring Thickness h_A1j, j=1,2 ..., m₁；Start contact load P 1st time_k1, the 2nd beginning contact load P_k2, and calculating in a steps The R for obtaining_A10b, to first radius of curvature R of upper surface of second level auxiliary spring_A20aCalculated, i.e.,

$R_{A20a}=\frac{R_{A10b}{\mathrm{Ebh}}_{MA1e}^3}{{\mathrm{Ebh}}_{MA1e}^3-6R_{A10b}(P_{k2}-P_{k1})L_1};$

In formula, h_MA1eIt is the root lap equivalent thickness of main spring and first order auxiliary spring,

Step c：Second level auxiliary spring initial tangential camber H_gA20Design

According to the second level auxiliary spring half clamping length L of first_A21, the R that b step value is calculated_A20a, second level auxiliary spring is cut Bank H high_gA20It is designed, i.e.,

$H_{gA20}=R_{A20a}-\sqrt{R_{A20a}^2-L_{A21}^2}.$

(5) first order gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_MA1Design：

I steps：The first main equivalent end points power F of spring based on main spring tangent line camber_M1eCalculating

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；The first thickness h of main spring₁, one Half clamping length L₁, the H that design is obtained in step (2)_gM0, to the first main equivalent end points power F of spring based on main spring tangent line camber_M1e Calculated, i.e.,

$F_{M1e}=\frac{h_1^3{\mathrm{bEH}}_{gM0}}{4L_1^3};$

II steps：Curved surface high H of the main spring tailpiece at the correspondence first order first endpoint location of auxiliary spring_M1-A1endCalculate

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E=200Gpa；First of main spring Thickness h₁, half clamping length L₁；The half clamping length L of first of first order auxiliary spring_A11, and the F being calculated in I steps_M1e, To curved surface height H of the main spring tailpiece at the correspondence first order first endpoint location of auxiliary spring_M1-A1endCalculated, i.e.,

$H_{M1-A1end}=G_{M1-L_{A1}}\frac{F_{M1e}}{h_1^3};$

In formula,It is deformation coefficient of the main spring at the correspondence first order first endpoint location of auxiliary spring,

$G_{M1-L_{A1}}=\frac{2\&lsqb;{(L_1-L_{A11})}^3-3L_1^2(L_1-L_{A11})+2L_1^3\&rsqb;}{Eb};$

III steps：The first order gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_MA1Design

The H for obtaining is designed in iii steps according to step (3)_gA10, the H that II steps are calculated_M1-M2end, to two-stage auxiliary spring formula The first order gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-_MA1It is designed, i.e.,

δ_MA1=H_M1-A1end-H_gA10；

(6) second level gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-_A12Design：

1. step：The equivalent end points power F of first of first order auxiliary spring based on initial tangential camber_A1eCalculate

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；The thickness that first order auxiliary spring is first Degree h_A11, the half clamping length L of first of first order auxiliary spring_A11, the H for obtaining is designed in the iii steps of step (3)_gA10, to being based on The equivalent end points power F of first of first order auxiliary spring of initial tangential camber_A1eCalculated, i.e.,

$F_{A1e}=\frac{h_{A11}^3{\mathrm{bEH}}_{gA10}}{4L_{A11}^3};$

2. step：Curved surface height H of the first order auxiliary spring tailpiece at correspondence first endpoint location of second level auxiliary spring_A1-A2endCalculate

According to the width b of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, elastic modulus E；The thickness that first order auxiliary spring is first Degree h_A11, the half clamping length L of first of first order auxiliary spring_A11；The half clamping length L of first of second level auxiliary spring_A21, and 1. walk The F being calculated in rapid_A1e, to curved surface of the first order auxiliary spring tailpiece at correspondence first endpoint location of second level auxiliary spring highly H_A1-_A2endCalculated, i.e.,

$H_{A1-A2end}=G_{A1-L_{A2}}\frac{F_{A1e}}{h_{A11}^3};$

In formula,It is deformation coefficient of the first order auxiliary spring at correspondence first endpoint location of second level auxiliary spring, i.e.,

$G_{A1-L_{A2}}=\frac{2\&lsqb;{(L_{A11}-L_{A21})}^3-3L_{A11}^2(L_{A11}-L_{A21})+2L_{A11}^3\&rsqb;}{Eb};$

3. step：Second level gradual change gap delta_A12Design

According to the H being calculated in 2. step_A1-A2end, the H for obtaining is designed in the step c of step (4)_gA20, to two-stage auxiliary spring formula The second level gradual change gap delta of the offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-_A12It is designed, i.e.,

δ_A12=H_A1-A2end-H_gA20。