CN1067574A - 鼻扩张器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种鼻扩张器,用来防止有呼吸时鼻通道外壁组
织的吸入,该扩张器包括一个桁架件,桁架件又包括
带有第一、第二端区和中间段的挠性条片。第一和第
二端区用来与第一和第二鼻通道外壁组织贴合,中间
段横过位于第一和第二鼻通道之间的部位。桁架件
还包括第一和第二弹性带,它们靠近中间段的边缘固
定在挠性条带上。第一和第二弹性带的弹性起着稳
定外壁组织的作用,从而防止在呼吸时第一和第二鼻
通道外壁组织的吸入。
Description
本发明主要涉及治疗畸形的装置,特别是一种鼻扩张器,它可以防止在呼吸时鼻通道的外壁组织被吸入的情况。
相当多的人患有某种鼻通道畸形,这种畸形会引起呼吸不畅,这种畸形可以举出一些例子,例如隔膜偏斜,过敏性反应引起的肿胀。鼻孔的下部,即鼻孔入口稍稍向上的位置称之为孔腔。孔腔呈向内的锥形,到达颈口一样的窄区域称之为小孔区(鼻管内口)。在小孔区再向上鼻通道又变得宽了。鼻阻塞一般发生在该小孔处,对于不同的患者,可能是由于过敏反应引起的肿胀,也可能是隔膜偏斜或类似问题,但往往都会产生小孔基本上被阻塞。一般来说,在小孔横壁(即鼻通道的外壁组织)的松驰会在呼吸过程中造成外壁组织的吸入,这样会产生空气通过鼻通道时通道基本上被阻塞。外壁组织的这种吸入就好像“单向阀”,阻塞在吸气时空气的流动。
鼻通道阻塞往往给患者带来诸多不便,尤其是迫不得已而长时间用嘴呼吸,这样使得外界灰尘、微粒不能像通过鼻子呼吸时那样受到过滤而被直接吸入肺部,会引起肺部感染。鼻通道阻塞在夜间则更为不便,因为在睡眠时很难用嘴来呼吸的,由于不能吸入足够的氧气,在夜间不断醒来,结果会打乱患者的正常睡眠习惯。
对于上述的慢性和严重的鼻通道阻塞一般考虑采用外科手术,以纠正鼻通道的变形。但是,一般手术花费比较大,也很难最终解决鼻通道变形的问题。
如果不进行外科手术,则一般使用鼻扩张器来帮助鼻呼吸。专利号为4,414,977的美国专利就公开了这样一种鼻扩张器。该鼻扩张器主要包括拉长的顶环和底环,通过后支杆和前支杆将顶环和底环隔开并连接起来。前支杆要比后支杆长,在靠近底环前端处前支杆上形成一个弯头。在鼻通道内设置时,顶环安置在鼻孔内的小孔处,以避免吸气时外壁组织的吸入,也说并且减小了吸气时额外的空气流动阻力。底环安置在鼻孔入口处稍靠上,用来稳定顶环在鼻通道内的位置,这种鼻扩张器必须放置在鼻通道内来使呼吸畅通。
由于这种鼻扩张器佩戴起来不舒服,因此其使用效果并不总是十分有效。将该扩张器置放在鼻通道内可能会引起发炎或鼻腔骚痒。此外,这种鼻扩张器必须定做以适合不同的患者。
因此,迫切需要改进鼻扩张器,目的还是用来防止在呼吸时鼻通道外壁组织的吸入。特别是需要一种鼻扩张器,即可以有效地减轻患者的痛苦,又不必在鼻通道内设置器物。尤其需要一种在夜间也可以佩戴的鼻扩张器,因为夜间往往是鼻阻塞最易发生,一旦发生又最令人不舒服的时间。这样的鼻扩张器应当即简便又有效,从而在呼吸时有效地稳定鼻通道的外壁组织,从而有效地缓解鼻阻塞。此外,这样的鼻扩张器对于佩戴者来说应当是对缓解鼻阻塞十分有效,戴着又没有不舒服的感觉。
本发明是一种鼻扩张器,用来防止在呼吸时鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。该鼻扩张器包括一个桁架件,该桁架件带有第一和第二端区以及中间段。第一端区用来与第一鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;第二端区用来与第二鼻通道的外壁组织贴合。通过中间段将桁架件的第一和第二端区连接起来。中间段横过位于第一和第二鼻通道之间的鼻子的部位上。桁架件安放就位后,起到稳定外壁组织的作用,以便防止在呼吸时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。
桁架件还包括一个挠性条片,正是在该条片上设置了鼻扩张器的第一和第二端区以及中间段,第一弹性带固定在挠性条片的第一侧,并靠近挠性条片的第一边缘。第二弹性带与第一弹性带间隔布置,固定在挠性条带的第一侧,并靠近该条带的第二边缘。第一和第二弹性带基本上彼此平行,并且基本上平行于挠性条带的纵向。
第一和第二弹性带包括多个槽,这些槽分别沿弹性带的纵向基本平行地延伸;这些槽产生了一个材料减少的区域,从而在垂直于多个槽的方向使第一和第二弹性带的挠性得到加强。通过第一和第二粘接件分别将第一和第二弹性带固定到挠性条片的第一侧,其中第一和第二弹性带都包括第一表面和第二表面,多个槽形成在第一和第二弹性带的第一表面上,而第一和第二粘接件分别固定在第一和第二弹性带的第二表面上,此外,第一和第二弹性带都包括第一和第二成角度端部,这些成角度端部向挠性条片的第一侧延伸,以及在桁架件弯曲时,防止第一和第二弹性带易于从挠性条片上分离。第一和第二弹性带的弹性防止在呼吸时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。
桁架件还包括位于挠性条片第二侧的粘接物质。所述的粘接物质使桁架件可松开地固定在第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。第一和第二可移开的衬片复盖在第一和第二端区上的粘接物质上。第一和第二可移开的衬片易于从挠性条片上移开,从而暴露出粘接物质,以便使桁架能够固定到第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。
本发明的鼻扩张器是一处良好的装置,它可以有效地防止在呼吸时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。此外,本发明的鼻扩张器在佩戴者吸气时有效地消除了鼻阻塞的问题,并且不存在佩戴不舒服或引起炎症,而后者往往是在鼻通道内放置的鼻扩张器所带来的问题。再者,本发明的鼻扩张器可以在夜间佩戴(夜间往往是鼻阻塞问题最易发生的时候),而不会产生定做的内置式鼻扩张器带来的不方便以及担心其副作用的忧虑心情。
图1为将要发明的鼻扩张器固定到鼻子上时脸部的局部透视图;
图2为本发明的鼻扩张器部件的分解透视图;
图3是与图1类似,只不过将本发明的鼻扩张器从鼻子上取走的脸部的局部透视图;
图4是沿图3中4-4线的剖视图,显示出鼻通道并不能通过较大的空气流的状况;
图5是与图4类似的剖视图,显示鼻子在吸气时的状态;
图6是沿图1中6-6线的剖视图,显示出固定有本发明鼻扩张器时鼻子在吸气时的状态。
按照本发明的鼻扩张器基本上可参照图1进行说明。鼻扩张器10固定到佩戴者14的鼻子12上。
如图2所示,鼻扩张器10包括桁架件16,该桁架件包括挠性条片18,该条片带有第一端区20,第二端区22,通过中间段24将第二端区22与第一端区20结合起来。中间段24的宽度比第一端区20和第二端区22的宽度要小。挠性条片18最好用交织有纤维的材料来制作,这样制作的条片可使鼻子在呼吸时舒适,最大限定地减小对鼻子的刺激。另一方面,条片18也可由塑料膜片制作。
桁架件还包括弹性装置26,它固定在条片18的第一侧28。弹性装置26包括第一弹性带30a,它通过第一粘接件31a固定到条片18的第一侧28上。第一弹性带30a是靠近中间段24的第一边缘32而固定到条片18上。此外,第二弹性逞30b通过第二粘接件31b与第一弹性带30a带有间隔地固定在条片18的第一侧28。第二弹性带30b靠近中间段24的第二边缘36固定到条片18上。第一和第二弹性带30a、30b基本上彼此平行。并且基本上平行于条片18的纵向。第一和第二粘接件31a、31b可用粘接材料制作,例如双面带粘接物质的泡沫材料带。
第一和第二弹性带30a、30b分别带有多个槽38a和38b,这些槽分别沿与弹性件带30a和30b平行的方向延伸。由图2可清楚地看到,槽38a和38b形成在第一和第二弹性件30a、30b的暴露的一侧(即与固定有第一和第二粘接件31a、31b相反的一侧)。槽38a和38b所在的区域材料被减少,这样就增加了第一和第二弹性带30a、30b的挠度,这个挠度是在垂直于多个槽38a和38b方向上的挠度。此外,第一和第二弹性带30a、30b又分别带有第一成角度端部40a和40b,以及第二成角度端部42a和42b。第一成角度端部40a、40b以及第二成角度端部42a和42b向条片18的第一侧28延伸,以便在桁架件10弯曲时,防止第一和第二弹性带30a、30b从条片18和第一和第二粘接件31a、31b上分离。第一和第二弹性带30a和30b可由塑料材料制成。
正如图2所示,条片18的第二侧44包括具有粘接物质46的层,该层延伸过第一和第二端部区20和22以及中间段24。粘接物质46是一种适于鼻子12皮肤的生物兼容性物质。衬垫件48通过粘接物质46固定在中间段24的中间。易于移开的第一和第二可移开衬片49和50分别复盖在条片18的第一端部20和第二端部22上。第一和第二可移开衬片49、50复盖着粘接物质46并保持在条片18上,直到鼻扩张器使用时才取开。第一和第二可移开衬片49和50同样分别包括延伸部51和52,并复盖初垫件48,在鼻扩张器固定到佩戴者14的鼻子12之前,起着保护衬垫件48的作用。
正如图3和图4所示,鼻子包括第一鼻通道54,第二鼻通道56,以及位于第一鼻通道54和第二鼻通道56之间称之为鼻梁58的部分。图4中显示的状况是,在没有较多的空气流通过鼻通道54和56时第一和第二鼻通道54和56的状况。如果产生畸形(例如隔膜偏斜,或由于过敏反应而引起肿胀),在鼻子吸气时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织60和62被吸入(即塌陷)(见图5所示)。这种在吸气时产生的吸入情况是由于第一和第二鼻通道54、56内空气压力降低而引起的,这是由于吸入的空气通过第一和第二鼻通道54和56时空气流速增加的缘故。在吸气时外壁组织60和62的吸入部分(即小孔)位于鼻软骨64(图1和图3虚线所示)和鼻通道54和56的入口之间。外壁组织60和62的这种吸入导致鼻子堵塞。本发明的鼻扩张器10则可以纠正这一情况。
要将鼻扩张器10固定到鼻子上,就要把第一和第二可移开衬片49和50从条片18上取下,从而暴露出粘接物质46。正如在图1和图6中所示那样,鼻扩张器置放在鼻子12的外部,使中间段24横跨鼻12的鼻梁58,第一和第二端区20和22与第一和第二鼻通道54和56的外壁组织60和62相接触。在第一和第二端区20和22上的粘接物质46将桁架件16可松放开地固定到第一和第二鼻通道54和56的外壁组织60和62上。正如图6所示那样,衬垫件48在桁架件16和鼻梁58之间设有粘性吸水空隙。在出汗或类似情况发生时,该粘性吸水空隙可吸收水份。将鼻扩张器10就位于鼻子12上时,第一和第二弹性带30a和30b的弹性(即弹性带倾向于恢复到图2所示的平面状态)起到稳定外壁组织60和62的作用。从而在呼吸时(即吸气时)防止第一和第二鼻通道54和56的外壁组织60和62的吸入。此外,条带18的挠性,第一和第二粘接件31a和31b的挠性,第一和第二带30a和30b的弹性,以及由于槽38a和38b存在使第一和第二带30a、30b还具有的挠性,所有这些都使鼻扩张器10能与每一位佩戴者各自鼻子的曲线相适应。
本发明的鼻扩张器是一个十分有效的设计,因为它可以在呼吸时有效地防止鼻子12的第一和第二鼻通道54、56的外壁组织60和62的吸入。此外,鼻扩张器10有效地消除了在呼吸时的鼻腔堵塞,而又不会有使用鼻通道内置放的扩张器所产生的不舒服或痛疼等缺陷。而且,鼻扩张器10在夜间也可以戴着(此时往往是鼻子呼吸阻塞最严重的时候)而不会产生普通内置式鼻扩张器所带来的不方便以及忧虑不安的心情。
虽然本发明结合实施例已做了描述,但是,本领域的技术人员知道,在不违背本发明构思和范围的情况下,本发明的形式和细节可以改变。
Claims (21)
1、一种鼻扩张器,用以防止在呼吸时鼻子的鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入,它包括:
一个桁架件,它一般情况下基本是平面状态,该桁架件又包括:第一端区,用来与第一鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;第二端区,用来与第二鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;中间段,它将第一端区和第二端区结合起来,并形成横位于第一和第二鼻通道之间的鼻子的部位,由于桁架件在弯曲时存在恢复到正常平面的状态的固有倾向,从而稳定外壁组织,防止在呼吸时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。
2、按照权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,该桁架件包括:一个挠性条片,该条片具有第一和第二端区以及中间段;一个弹性装置,该装置固定在挠性条片的第一侧,该弹性装置包括一般为平面状态的桁架件。
3、按照权利要求2所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,进一步包括:
位于挠性条片第二侧,在第一和第二端区上的粘接物质,用以可松开地将桁架件固定到第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。
4、按照权利要求3所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,进一步包括:
第一和第二可移开的衬片,该衬片分别复盖在挠性条片的第一和第二端区的粘接物质上,第一和第二可移开的衬片易于从挠性条片上移开,从而暴露出粘接物质,这样就可以将桁架件固定到第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织上。
5、按照权利要求2所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,所述的弹性装置包括:
一个第一弹性带,它靠近挠性条片的第一边缘固定在该条带上;一个第二弹性带,它靠近挠性条带的第二边缘而固定在该条带上,第二弹性带基本与第一弹性带平行且间隔放置。
6、按照权利要求5所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,通过第一和第二粘接件分别将第一和第二弹性带固定到挠性条片的第一侧。
7、按照权利要求6所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,第一和第二粘接件都是由双面带粘接物质的泡沫料带所制成。
8、按照权利要求5所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,第一和第二弹性带包括多个槽,这些槽分别沿弹性带的纵向基本平行的延伸;这些槽产生了一个材料减少的区域,从而在垂直于多个槽的方向使第一和第二弹性带的挠性得到加强。
9、按照权利要求8所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,通过第一和第二粘接件分别将第一和第二弹性带固定到挠性条片的第一侧,其中第一和第二弹性带都包括第一表面和第二表面;多个槽形成在第一和第二弹性带的第一表面上,而第一和第二粘接件分别固定在第一和第二弹性带的第二表面上。
10、按照权利要求5所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,第一和第二弹性带都带有第一和第二成角度端部,这些成角度端部向挠性条片的第一侧延伸,以便在桁架件弯曲时,防止第一和第二弹性带易于从挠性条片上分离。
11、按照权利要求5所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,第一和第二弹性带是由塑料制成。
12、按照权利要求2所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,挠性条片是由交织有纤维的材料制成。
13、按照权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,所述桁架件的中间段包括粘性空隙;在桁架件置放在鼻子上成形时,中间段将横过鼻梁的外部区,粘性空隙则位于桁架件和鼻梁之间,而第一端部区贴合在第一鼻通道的外壁组织的外表面;第二端部区贴合在第二鼻通道的外壁组织的外部表面。
14、按照权利要求2所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,弹性装置包括:
至少一个弹性带,该带与挠性条片的纵向方向基本平行,弹性带的弹性用来在呼吸时防止第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。
15、一种鼻扩张器,用以防止吸气时鼻通道的外壁组织的塌陷,它包括:
一个具有弹性可弯曲的桁架件,该桁架件一般情况下为平面状态,该桁架件包括:第一端区,用来与第一鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;第二端区,用来与第二鼻通道的外壁组织贴合;中间段,它将第一端区和第二端区结合起来;中间段的宽度小于第一和第二端区的宽度,中间区段可成形横过位于第一和第二鼻通道之间的鼻梁的外部;当桁架件弯曲时,该桁架件具有恢复到其正常的平面状态的固有倾向,这种倾向用来稳定外壁组织,这样就可以防止在吸气时第一和第二鼻通道外壁组织的塌陷。
16、按照权利要求13所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,粘性空隙是由一个吸附件所组成。
17、按照权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器,其特征在于,弹性装置是通过扩大第一和第二鼻通道来稳定鼻通道外壁组织,从而防止在呼吸时第一和第二鼻通道的外壁组织的吸入。
18、一种扩张器,用来分离人体组织某些部位外壁组织上的受力状态,该扩张器包括:
一个桁架,它有一对间隔开的端表面,如果从外部向桁架施加一个间隔减小的力,即使间隔开的端表面从其初始位置强迫彼此靠近,减少了彼此间的间隔,这样就会在所述桁架中存储有足够的恢复力,一旦间隔减小的力移离,就会在所述两端表面恢复其所述的间隔;
一个结合装置,它安装在所述端表面上,与所述外壁组织的暴露的表面很好地结合,并能足以抵制恢复力的作用而保持贴合状态。
19、按照权利要求18所述的扩张器,其特征在于,所述桁架包括:
一个挠性条片,它带有一对间隔的端表面;
一个弹性装置,它固定在挠性条片的第一侧,该弹性装置在所述的桁架中提供所述的恢复力,一旦所述的间隔减小的力移开时,该恢复力就可以使所述端表面之间的间隔恢复。
20、按照权利要求18所述的扩张器,其特征在于,所述的结合装置是位于所述一对间隔端表面上的粘接物质,用以可松开地将所述桁架固定到所述外壁组织上。
21、按照权利要求18所述的扩张器,其特征在于,所述扩张器是一个鼻扩张器,用来阻止在呼吸时靠近鼻通道的鼻子的外壁组织被吸入,所述的桁架有足够的恢复力,从而在吸气时使所述两端表面之间的所述间隔基本上得到维持。
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US71250891A | 1991-06-10 | 1991-06-10 | |
US712,508 | 1991-06-10 |
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CNB021199590A Division CN1309430C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 1992-06-09 | 鼻扩张器 |
CN02119961A Division CN1389275A (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199639A Division CN100408123C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199620A Division CN1264485C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199604A Division CN1258349C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
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CN1067574A true CN1067574A (zh) | 1993-01-06 |
CN1113634C CN1113634C (zh) | 2003-07-09 |
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CN92104444A Expired - Lifetime CN1113634C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 1992-06-09 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199590A Expired - Lifetime CN1309430C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 1992-06-09 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199612A Expired - Lifetime CN1219555C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 1992-06-09 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB2005100558771A Expired - Lifetime CN100506191C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 1992-06-09 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199620A Expired - Lifetime CN1264485C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199639A Expired - Lifetime CN100408123C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
CN02119961A Granted CN1389275A (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199604A Expired - Lifetime CN1258349C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
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CNB021199590A Expired - Lifetime CN1309430C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 1992-06-09 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199612A Expired - Lifetime CN1219555C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 1992-06-09 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB2005100558771A Expired - Lifetime CN100506191C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 1992-06-09 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199620A Expired - Lifetime CN1264485C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199639A Expired - Lifetime CN100408123C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
CN02119961A Granted CN1389275A (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
CNB021199604A Expired - Lifetime CN1258349C (zh) | 1991-06-10 | 2002-05-16 | 鼻扩张器 |
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EP (6) | EP1174100B1 (zh) |
JP (5) | JP3373203B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100258780B1 (zh) |
CN (8) | CN1113634C (zh) |
AT (6) | ATE263529T1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9206119A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2109953C (zh) |
DE (6) | DE69233342T2 (zh) |
DK (6) | DK0820743T3 (zh) |
ES (6) | ES2218624T3 (zh) |
GR (1) | GR3031219T3 (zh) |
HK (6) | HK1051822A1 (zh) |
IE (2) | IE921776A1 (zh) |
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CN1113635C (zh) * | 1994-07-05 | 2003-07-09 | 创意设计与整合有限公司 | 鼻扩张器 |
CN1298269C (zh) * | 2001-12-10 | 2007-02-07 | 西冈正树 | 鼻梁矫正器 |
CN101312762B (zh) * | 2005-11-07 | 2012-03-21 | Cns股份有限公司 | 用于鼻扩张器的延迟作用的弹簧力部件 |
CN103687642A (zh) * | 2010-12-10 | 2014-03-26 | 约瑟夫·埃鲁利 | 鼻扩张器 |
CN106470647A (zh) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-03-01 | 迅息Pty有限公司 | 鼻扩张器装置 |
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