CN106732701A - A kind of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst - Google Patents
A kind of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN106732701A CN106732701A CN201710020283.XA CN201710020283A CN106732701A CN 106732701 A CN106732701 A CN 106732701A CN 201710020283 A CN201710020283 A CN 201710020283A CN 106732701 A CN106732701 A CN 106732701A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/195—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with vanadium, niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
Abstract
The present invention relates to the present invention relates to a kind of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst and preparation method, it is respectively 20 according to volume ratio by citric acid niobium, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and ferric nitrate that described catalyst is main:20:0.5 1.5 compositions, the catalyst prepared by above-mentioned main raw material(s) can solve traditional levulic acid preparation method and use homogeneous catalysis method mostly, catalyst is liquid acid (such as the concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid), although levulic acid yield higher can be obtained, but separated with product difficulty in the presence of complex process, high cost, a large amount of waste water of generation, catalyst and catalyst reuses numerous shortcomings such as difficulty, in addition single solid acid activities present in catalysis prepares levulic acid is poor, is unfavorable for the problem of the preparation of levulic acid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst, specifically a kind of fibrous mesoporous Fe2O3 doping
Application of the preparation and catalyst of niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst in catalysis glucose prepares levulic acid, belongs to catalyst neck
Domain.
Background technology
With the high speed development of World Economics, global fossil resources consumption is increasing, fossil fuel burning heel row
The waste gas (such as oxysulfide, carbon dioxide) put can cause the pollution of environment, cause the deterioration of ecological environment.Therefore, it is biological
Mass-energy source has turned into the important research topic of researcher and research as a kind of new, environmentally friendly, alternative green energy resource
Focus.
Levulic acid is classified as one of Important Platform small molecule in biomass conversion for USDOE, because levulic acid
Can be used widely in the levulic acid esters compound of spices and essence industry by esterification, by the way that hydrogenation-cyclisation is obtained can
The liquid fuel gamma-valerolactone of sustainable utilization, by catalysis oxidation, condensation and reduction amination can obtain butanedioic acid, diphenolic acid and
A series of derivative of high added values such as pyrrolidines.
Traditional levulic acid preparation method uses homogeneous catalysis method mostly, and catalyst is liquid acid (such as concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid
Deng), due to causing to need to be diluted using substantial amounts of water in process of production using the concentrated sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid etc., so as to produce substantial amounts of
Waste water, although levulic acid yield higher can be obtained, but there is difficult point of such as complex process, high cost, catalyst and product
From and catalyst reuse numerous shortcomings such as difficulty.
And use novel solid acid catalyst to substitute homogeneous catalyst, and it is easily separated with product and catalyst, do not produce useless
The advantages of liquid and reusable catalyst.From carbohydrate prepare levulic acid need Lewis acid be catalyzed sugared isomerization reaction and
The rehydrated reaction of Br nsted acid catalysis obtains levulic acid, therefore, single solid acid NbP prepares levulinic in catalysis
Activities present is poor in acid, is unfavorable for the preparation of levulic acid.At present, it is existing a large amount of on design Lewis acid and Br
The difunctional solid acid catalysis glucose of nsted acid is converted into the report of levulic acid, such as N.A.S. Ramli, N.A.S.
The report of the 487-498 of Amin, Appl. Catal. B 163 (2015), but with the fibrous meso-hole structure in B, L acid site
It is but blank that catalyst is applied to be catalyzed glucose to prepare the technology of levulic acid.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst, using using homemade citric acid
Niobium is niobium source, by simple hydrothermal preparing process, has obtained high activated catalyst Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst,
Catalysis activity high is shown in the reaction that levulic acid is prepared for being catalyzed glucose.
The present invention provides a kind of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst, it is characterized by：Described catalyst is main by lemon
Lemon acid niobium, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and ferric nitrate are respectively 20 according to volume ratio:20:0.5-1.5 is constituted.
The preparation method of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst, comprises the following steps：
The first step, citric acid niobium solution, ammonium dibasic phosphate solution, iron nitrate solution and cetyl trimethyl bromine are first prepared respectively
Change ammonium salt solution, constitute citric acid niobium, ammonium dibasic phosphate solution and iron nitrate solution according still further to the volume ratio described in claim 1
Mixed solution；
Second step, in step（One）The mixed solution of the various volume ratios of gained is added drop-wise to the cetyl trimethyl of 35 oC respectively
In ammonium bromide solution, and stir 1 hour, stirring is moved into the stainless steel autoclave of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining after terminating, and is kept not
Rust steel high pressure temperature in the kettle is 160 oC and aging 24 h, is then separated by filtration and is precipitated thing, by sediment deionization
Water washing, dry and grind and obtain presoma, eventually pass calcining and various citric acid niobiums, ammonium dibasic phosphate solution and nitre is obtained
The mesoporous phosphoric acid girl solid acid catalyst of sour iron volume ratio.
The preparation method of described lemon acid niobium solution is：Weigh 5 g niobium oxide and be added to 40 mL hydrofluoric acid（40%）Solution
In, oil bath heating to 100 oC simultaneously keeps 5h, after naturally cooling to 25 DEG C, is slowly added to 10 times of wt% ammoniacal liquor of volume 14, then
It is centrifuged, the sediment for obtaining is washed with deionized, adds people to 75 mL, the citric acid of 1.1 mol/L after washing immediately
In solution, the clear lemon acid niobium solution of 0.5 mol/L is obtained after oil bath heating to 50 oC and 0.5 h of holding.
Described ammonium dibasic phosphate solution is the mol/L ammonium dibasic phosphate aqueous solutions of 85% phosphatase 1 controlling 0.5 to pH=2.
Described iron nitrate solution is 1 mol/L iron nitrate aqueous solutions.
Described cetyl trimethylammonium bromide solution is the 0.2 mol/L CTAB aqueous solution.
Described calcining be will dry and grind the presoma for obtaining dried in the environment of the oC of drying temperature 80 it is 12 small
When, calcine 5 h in the horse kettle stove for placing into 550 oC.
A kind of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst preparation method of the invention, by making citric acid niobium solution by oneself, matching somebody with somebody
Ammonium dibasic phosphate solution processed, iron nitrate solution and CTAB solution；85% phosphatase 1 controlling ammonium dibasic phosphate solution pH=2, with citric acid
Niobium, iron nitrate solution composition mixed solution, after being then added dropwise to cetyl trimethylammonium bromide solution mixing, using hydro-thermal method
It is prepared, in the agitated rear stainless steel autoclave for moving into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, temperature is in holding stainless steel autoclave
160 oC and aging 24 h, are then separated by filtration, and the sediment for obtaining is washed with deionized, and drying, grinding obtains forerunner
Body, eventually passes calcining and mesoporous niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst is obtained.
The preparation method of citric acid niobium solution of the invention is：Weigh 5 g niobium oxide and be added to 40 mL hydrofluoric acid（40%）
In solution, oil bath heating to 100 oC simultaneously keeps 5h, after naturally cooling to 25 DEG C, is slowly added to 10 times of wt% ammoniacal liquor of volume 14,
Then it is centrifuged, the sediment for obtaining is washed with deionized, adds people to 75 mL, the lemon of 1.1 mol/L after washing immediately
In lemon acid solution, oil bath heating to 50 oC simultaneously keeps obtaining after 0.5 h the clear lemon acid niobium solution of 0.5 mol/L, by with
Upper method can ensure the quality of citric acid niobium solution, so as to ensure that the element needed for whole chemical reaction finally gives guarantor
Barrier.
Ammonium dibasic phosphate solution of the invention is the mol/L ammonium dibasic phosphate aqueous solutions of 85% phosphatase 1 controlling 0.5 to pH=2, warp
Lot of experiments proves, it is molten to pH=2 that ammonium dibasic phosphate solution is the mol/L ammonium dibasic phosphate aqueous solutions of 85% phosphatase 1 controlling 0.5
Liquid, is the required preferable parameter of whole chemical reaction.
Iron nitrate solution of the invention is 1 mol/L iron nitrate aqueous solutions, is proved through lot of experiments, and iron nitrate solution is 1
Mol/L iron nitrate aqueous solutions, are the required preferable parameters of whole chemical reaction.
Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide solution of the invention is that 0.2 mol/L cetyl trimethylammonium bromides are water-soluble
Liquid, proves through lot of experiments, and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide solution is 0.2 mol/L cetyl trimethylammonium bromide water
Solution, is the required preferable parameter of whole chemical reaction.
Calcining of the invention be will dry and grind the presoma for obtaining dried in the environment of the oC of drying temperature 80 it is 12 small
When, it is easy to fully dry the water of presoma, calcine 5 h in the horse kettle stove for placing into 550 oC, it is ensured that presoma is most passed through afterwards
Cross calcining and obtain mesoporous niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst.
Compared with prior art, traditional levulic acid preparation method uses homogeneous catalysis method mostly, and catalyst is liquid
Sour (such as concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid), due to causing to need to use substantial amounts of water dilute in process of production using the concentrated sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid etc.
Release, so as to produce substantial amounts of waste water, although levulic acid yield higher can be obtained, but there is such as complex process, catalyst
Separated with product difficulty and catalyst reuses numerous shortcomings such as difficulty；Preparing levulic acid from carbohydrate needs Lewis acid to urge
Change sugared isomerization reaction and the rehydrated reaction of Br nsted acid catalysis obtains levulic acid, therefore, single solid acid is being urged
Activities present is poor during change prepares levulic acid, is unfavorable for the preparation of levulic acid.
Technical scheme, ferro element is added on the basis of traditional solid acid NbP, and the main raw material(s) for using is
Citric acid niobium, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and ferric nitrate, then by mixing with cetyltrimethylammonium base ammonium bromide solution, separate moisture
After calcine, the material is common, preparation method is simple, low cost, a large amount of waste water, catalyst will not be produced to separate and urge with product difficulty
Agent is reused numerous shortcomings such as difficulty and is overcome, especially on citric acid niobium solution and the basis of ammonium dibasic phosphate solution
Upper addition iron nitrate solution is simultaneously calcined after separating moisture content, and the Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst produced is while have
B, L acid site and structure are mesoporous for threadiness, and traditional catalyst that single solid acid NbP is produced that uses is mesoporous knot
Structure.Compared with the catalyst of existing meso-hole structure, catalyst of the invention is due to mesoporous, therefore the catalyst acid with threadiness
Amount is high, and catalysis activity is significantly improved compared with meso-hole structure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the transmission electron microscope figure of Fe2O3 doping phosphate niobium catalyst；
Fig. 2 is the physical absorption figure of Fe2O3 doping phosphate niobium catalyst；
Fig. 3 is the NH of Fe2O3 doping phosphate niobium catalyst3- TPD schemes；
Fig. 4 is the pyridine-infrared figure of Fe2O3 doping phosphate niobium catalyst.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to this specification accompanying drawing 1-4 to this
Invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment：
1st, the preparation of citric acid niobium precursor solution
Weigh 5.0 g Nb2O5, it is added in 50 mL HF (40 wt%), oil bath heating 100 oC, 5.0 h, obtain clarifying fluorine
After changing niobium solution, 10 times of ammoniacal liquor of volume are slowly added to（~14 wt%）, white precipitate is separated out, precipitation is washed till neutrality, obtain hydrogen
Niobium oxide, 75 mL citric acids are added by niobium hydroxide（1.1 mol/L）In solution, 50 oC, the citric acid that 5.0 h are clarified
Niobium solution.
2nd, the preparation of ammonium dibasic phosphate solution
1.32 g diammonium hydrogen phosphates are weighed, 20 mL water are added to, after stirring and dissolving, 85% phosphoric acid allotment diammonium hydrogen phosphate is instilled
Solution ph is 2, obtains ammonium dibasic phosphate solution.
3rd, the preparation of iron nitrate solution
The water ferric nitrates of 2.02 g nine are weighed, 5 mL water are added to, 1 mol/L iron nitrate solutions are obtained after stirring and dissolving.
4th, the preparation of cetyltrimethylammonium base ammonium bromide solution
Weigh 1.0 g cetyltrimethylammonium base ammonium bromides and be dissolved in 13 mL water, under 35 oC, after stirring and dissolving, obtain 0.2
Mol/L cetyltrimethylammonium base ammonium bromide solutions.
5th, the preparation of citric acid niobium precursor solution
The preparation for completing citric acid niobium, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ferric nitrate and cetyltrimethylammonium base ammonium bromide solution with
Afterwards, it is by volume respectively 20:20:0.5,20:20:0.75,20:20:1,20:20:1.25,20:20:1.5 citric acid niobium,
Diammonium hydrogen phosphate and iron nitrate solution composition mixed solution.
6th, the preparation of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst
It is respectively the 0.5,0.75 of 1 mol/L with concentration by 5 mL citric acid niobium solution and 5 mL ammonium dibasic phosphate solutions,
After the iron nitrate solution mixing of 1,1.25,1.5 mL, the mixed liquor of mixed various ratios is slowly dropped to 3.25 respectively
ML cetyltrimethylammonium base ammonium bromide templates（0.2 mol/L）In, 1 h is stirred under 35 oC environment, then it is transferred to
Aging 24 h in the stainless steel autoclave of 160 oC polytetrafluoroethyllining linings, naturally cools to room temperature after reaction, water washing and precipitating is extremely
Neutrality, then dries 12 h under 80 oC, grinding calcines 5 h after 550 oC, and cooling obtains final product Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalysis
Agent.The inversion rate of glucose and levulic acid yield of various different doping iron additions are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Doping iron addition（mL） | Reaction time（h） | Reaction temperature（oC） | Inversion rate of glucose（%） | Levulic acid yield（%） |
| 0.5 | 3 | 180 | 66.2 | 35.4 |
| 0.75 | 3 | 180 | 73.4 | 42.9 |
| 1.0 | 3 | 180 | 98.9 | 64.2 |
| 1.25 | 3 | 180 | 80.4 | 49.1 |
| 1.5 | 3 | 180 | 61.3 | 31.5 |
Finally weigh 0.1 g glucose（0.56 mmol）It is raw material, takes Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst consumption 0.05
G, 3 h are reacted under 180 oC environment, after reaction, are detected using high performance liquid chromatograph.
Catalyst Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate is characterized as seen from Figure 1 by transmission scan microscope, and Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate has fibre
Dimension shape structure；From Figure 2 it can be seen that Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate has meso-hole structure；As seen from Figure 3, the acid amount of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate is up to
3.59 mmol/g；As shown in Figure 4, Fe2O3 doping phosphate niobium catalyst has Lewis acid and Br nsted acid two acid catalyzed
Site.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Fe2O3 doping niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst, it is characterized by：Described catalyst is main by citric acid niobium, phosphoric acid hydrogen
Two ammoniums and ferric nitrate are respectively 20 according to volume ratio:20:0.5-1.5 is constituted.
2. the preparation method of catalyst according to claim 1, comprises the following steps：
The first step, citric acid niobium solution, ammonium dibasic phosphate solution, iron nitrate solution and cetyl trimethyl bromine are first prepared respectively
Change ammonium salt solution, constitute citric acid niobium, ammonium dibasic phosphate solution and iron nitrate solution according still further to the volume ratio described in claim 1
Mixed solution；
Second step, in step（One）The mixed solution of the various volume ratios of gained is added drop-wise to the cetyl trimethyl of 35 oC respectively
In ammonium bromide solution, and stir 1 hour, stirring is moved into the stainless steel autoclave of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining after terminating, and is kept not
Rust steel high pressure temperature in the kettle is 160 oC and aging 24 h, is then separated by filtration and is precipitated thing, by sediment deionization
Water washing, dry and grind and obtain presoma, eventually pass calcining and various citric acid niobiums, ammonium dibasic phosphate solution and nitre is obtained
The mesoporous niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst of sour iron volume ratio.
3. the preparation method of catalyst according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The preparation of described citric acid niobium solution
Method is：Weigh 5 g niobium oxide to be added to during 40 mL concentration are 40% hydrofluoric acid solution, oil bath heating is to 100 oC and keeps
5h, after naturally cooling to 25 DEG C, is slowly added to 10 times of wt% ammoniacal liquor of volume 14, is then centrifuged, and the sediment for obtaining is used
Deionized water is washed, after cleaning solution to neutrality immediately plus people is to 75 mL, during concentration is the citric acid solution of 1.1 mol/L, oil bath
It is heated to 50 oC and keeps obtaining after 0.5 h the clear lemon acid niobium solution of 0.5 mol/L.
4. the preparation method of catalyst according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described ammonium dibasic phosphate solution is dense
The phosphatase 1 controlling concentration of degree 85% is 0.5 mol/L ammonium dibasic phosphate aqueous solutions to pH=2.
5. the preparation method of catalyst according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described iron nitrate solution is for concentration
1 mol/L iron nitrate aqueous solutions.
6. the preparation method of catalyst according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described cetyl trimethyl bromination
Ammonium salt solution is that concentration is the 0.2 mol/L CTAB aqueous solution.
7. the preparation method of catalyst according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described calcining is that will dry and grind
The presoma for obtaining is dried 12 hours in the environment of the oC of drying temperature 80, and 5 h are calcined in the horse kettle stove for placing into 550 oC.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110002416A (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2019-07-12 | 复旦大学 | A kind of acid phosphate niobium oxygen monoatomic layer preparation of sections method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102962085A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2013-03-13 | 华东理工大学 | Preparation method of niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst and application in sugar dehydration |
| CN105536832A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 大连交通大学 | Method for preparing mesoporous niobium phosphate catalyst and application of mesoporous niobium phosphate catalyst in preparation of isosorbitol from sorbitol |
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- 2017-01-11 CN CN201710020283.XA patent/CN106732701B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102962085A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2013-03-13 | 华东理工大学 | Preparation method of niobium phosphate solid acid catalyst and application in sugar dehydration |
| CN105536832A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 大连交通大学 | Method for preparing mesoporous niobium phosphate catalyst and application of mesoporous niobium phosphate catalyst in preparation of isosorbitol from sorbitol |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110002416A (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2019-07-12 | 复旦大学 | A kind of acid phosphate niobium oxygen monoatomic layer preparation of sections method |
| CN110002416B (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2022-06-21 | 复旦大学 | Preparation method of niobium oxygen acid phosphate monoatomic layer sheet |
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