CN106341063A - Stepping motor acceleration and deceleration control method - Google Patents

Stepping motor acceleration and deceleration control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106341063A
CN106341063A CN201610813943.5A CN201610813943A CN106341063A CN 106341063 A CN106341063 A CN 106341063A CN 201610813943 A CN201610813943 A CN 201610813943A CN 106341063 A CN106341063 A CN 106341063A
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China
Prior art keywords
controlled motor
frequency
speedometer
acceleration
intervalometer
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CN201610813943.5A
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CN106341063B (en
Inventor
周倪青
江涛
王晓辉
沙文瀚
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Wuhu Lion Automotive Technologies Co Ltd
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SAIC Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P8/00Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step
    • H02P8/14Arrangements for controlling speed or speed and torque
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P8/00Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step
    • H02P8/36Protection against faults, e.g. against overheating or step-out; Indicating faults
    • H02P8/38Protection against faults, e.g. against overheating or step-out; Indicating faults the fault being step-out

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a stepping motor acceleration and deceleration control method and belongs to the motor control adjusting technology field. The method comprises the following steps of based on a maximum operating speed of a controlled stepping motor, according to a preset speed calculating formula, generating a speedometer of the controlled stepping motor; and based on the speedometer, using a timer to generate a corresponding pulse so as to drive the controlled stepping motor to carry out acceleration and deceleration motion. According to a speed calculating formula of a single-chip microcomputer, a speedometer of the single-chip microcomputer is acquired and the speedometer is taken as a value of a single-chip microcomputer register. The speedometer is used to drive the timer to output an increase amplitude of a pulse frequency and the pulse frequency output by the timer is changed so as to drive the stepping motor to carry out the acceleration and deceleration motion. Through the above mode, motion of the stepping motor can be accurately controlled so as to guarantee that the stepping motor can reliably operate and does not generate a step out condition; and a position of an actual load of the stepping motor is consistent with a load position set by the controller and an error is avoided.

Description

Control of Step Motor's Acceleration and Deceleration method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Motor Control regulation technology field, particularly to a kind of Control of Step Motor's Acceleration and Deceleration method.
Background technology
In recent years, motor has the advantages that Pulse Width Control because of it, positioning precision is high and is widely used and microcomputer control Among the economical CNC system of system.And the torque frequency feature of motor refer to effective output torque of motor and running frequency it Between functional relationship, be one of key property of motor.User selects stepping electricity according to the torque frequency feature of motor The type of machine, to ensure the motor energy reliability service of selection, out-of-step free.
There are two problems in actual applications in motor: one be the high frequency region of motor mechanical property softer, It is not suitable for large inertia load system;Two be motor be that overload capacity is relatively low by the work of synchronous motor principle.Due to step Stepper motor there is two above problem so that motor is easy to overload phenomenon, and just will cause step-out Yi Dan transshipping Even stall, makes load situation change.And motor is when doing executive component, it is to be controlled in an open-loop manner, that is, Load situation does not feed back to control circuit.And because load situation does not feed back to control circuit, motor is necessary for will Correctly respond the change of each excitation, if excitation frequency selection is improper, motor is not able to move to new position, then actual Load situation will produce error with estimated load situation.In actual applications because load situation can often change, By leading to the position set by the position relative controller of actual loading, permanent error occurs.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Control of Step Motor's Acceleration and Deceleration method, to solve motor actual loading The load situation set by the relative controller of position the problem of error occurs.
For realizing object above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of Control of Step Motor's Acceleration and Deceleration method is provided, The method includes:
Based on the highest running speed of controlled motor, controlled motor is generated according to default speed calculation formula Speedometer;
Based on described speedometer, produce corresponding pulses to drive controlled motor to carry out acceleration and deceleration motion using intervalometer.
Compared with prior art, there is following technique effect in the present invention: according to the type of single-chip microcomputer, determines this single-chip microcomputer Speed calculation formula, and obtain the speedometer of the type single-chip microcomputer according to this speed calculation formula, then using speedometer as list The value of piece machine depositor.In the control of stepper motor speed, by the increasing of this speedometer driving timing device output pulse frequency Significantly, thus the frequency changing intervalometer output pulse carries out acceleration and deceleration motion with drive stepping motor.In this manner More accurate control can be reached to the motion of motor, to ensure motor energy reliability service, out-of-step free, so that The position of motor actual loading is consistent with the load situation set by controller, it is to avoid error.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the Control of Step Motor's Acceleration and Deceleration method in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the fine division step of step s2 in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the frequency-time graph of a relation of the intervalometer output pulse in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the timer interrupt service in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the speed lift curve figure of the motor acceleration and deceleration in one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in figure 1, present embodiment discloses a kind of Control of Step Motor's Acceleration and Deceleration method, the method comprises the steps S1 to s2:
S1, the highest running speed based on controlled motor, generate controlled stepping according to default speed calculation formula The speedometer of motor;
It should be noted that the value that the highest running speed of controlled motor is motor to be set when dispatching from the factory, this reality Apply the acceleration and deceleration process adopting Single-chip Controlling motor in example, controlled stepping electricity is determined according to the type of the single-chip microcomputer selected The speedometer of machine acceleration and deceleration process, and using the content of speedometer as depositor value, control controlled motor acceleration Carry out with the value slowed down by searching depositor.
Selection to speed calculation formula is illustrated below:
If the Infineon's single-chip microcomputer selected, directly using curve calculator formation speed table, wherein curve calculator The velocity amplitude generating is to calculate according to equation below:
Velocity amplitude=(timer count maximum-x) × t,
In formula: x be intervalometer counting initial value, this count initial value can arbitrarily setting, t is singlechip chip Machine cycle, timer count maximum is to determine, such as, intervalometer is 16 according to the digit of intervalometer, then fixed When device count maximum be 65535;If intervalometer is 8, then timer count maximum is 255.
If select is the s12g single-chip microcomputer of Freescale, because the timing mechanism of this single-chip microcomputer is different, this monolithic Machine tim module is that 8 passages share a machine cycle t, therefore according to the velocity amplitude of the equation below controlled motor of calculating:
Velocity amplitude=x × t.
S2, be based on described speedometer, using intervalometer produce corresponding pulses to drive controlled motor to carry out acceleration and deceleration motion.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 step s2 in above-described embodiment includes following fine division step s21 to s22:
S21, determined according to speedometer intervalometer produce pulse frequency amplitude of variation;
S22, started with the starting frequency of motor, it is defeated that the amplitude of variation according to described pulse frequency changes intervalometer The frequency going out pulse is to drive controlled motor to carry out acceleration and deceleration motion.
Specifically, at this, time interval of intervalometer output pulse is changed by single-chip microcomputer, the frequency of output pulse is controlled Make the speed change of controlled motor, the increase amplitude of wherein pulse frequency is to be that value in depositor determines by speedometer.Press More accurate control can be reached according to this mode to the motion of motor, to ensure motor energy reliability service, no Step-out, so that the position of motor actual loading is consistent with the load situation set by controller, it is to avoid error.
Specifically, the acceleration and deceleration process in above-described embodiment includes accelerating, at the uniform velocity and moderating process:
In accelerator, started with the initial frequency of controlled motor, determine the increasing of pulse frequency according to speedometer Significantly to increase the frequency of pulse so that controlled motor is accelerated;
During frequency required for the frequency of pulse increases to controlled motor maximum (top) speed, controlled motor enters At the uniform velocity process;
In moderating process, started with the frequency required for controlled motor maximum (top) speed, according to true according to speedometer Determine the reduction amplitude of the pulse frequency frequency to reduce pulse so that controlled motor carries out retarded motion.
Need exist for illustrating, the deceleration of motor can be bigger than acceleration.According to the speed in speedometer at this Angle value determines the increase amplitude of the frequency of pulse of intervalometer output, changes the density of the train of pulse of intervalometer output, in raising speed When, the train of pulse of intervalometer output is gradually encrypted, and when slowing down, the train of pulse of intervalometer output is gradually sparse.
Specifically, during above-mentioned acceleration and deceleration motion, the frequency of current PRF according to intervalometer output and speed In table, the current speed of controlled motor determines the operation step number of each speed threshold in accelerator;Fortune to each speed threshold Row step number executes decrement operations, and when operation step number reduces to zero, the present speed shelves of controlled motor run and finish under entrance One speed threshold.Velocity amplitude during the acceleration and deceleration of motor mentioned here is not continually varying, but according to stepping The change in stage, during acceleration and deceleration motion, each speed rises one grade, will calculate what present speed shelves step should be walked first Step number, is then checked in the way of successively decreasing, and when step step number reduces to zero, this notch speed degree runs and finishes, and enters lower first gear speed. The operation step number of wherein each speed threshold step be according to intervalometer export pulse interval time, output pulse frequency and The current speed of service of controlled motor determines, formula is as follows:
ns=fsδt,
In formula: nsFor the operation step number of present speed shelves step, as shown in figure 3, fsFor the current operation of controlled motor Speed is the frequency that during s, intervalometer currently exports pulse, and δ t currently exports the time interval of pulse for intervalometer.
Specifically, the intervalometer in above-described embodiment starts counting up from counting initial value x, and reaches counting in current count value Enter during maximum and interrupt to export pulsed drive controlled motor speed change.Counting initial value x at this is arbitrarily to set , intervalometer starts counting up from counting initial value, when count value reaches the count maximum of intervalometer, during intervalometer overflows Disconnected, output pulse is to drive controlled motor speed change.
Specifically, as shown in figure 4, the flow process interrupting service of intervalometer is:
A1, have no progeny in intervalometer enters, judge whether intervalometer exports pulse, if it is, execution step a2, If it is not, then execution step a3;
A2, output pulse are to drive controlled motor speed change;
A3, reload intervalometer counting initial value x and from count initial value x start counting up, reach meter in current count value Enter during number maximum and interrupt to export pulsed drive controlled motor speed change.
Specifically, as shown in figure 5, above-mentioned accelerator includes adding boost phase, even boost phase and subtracts boost phase. Above-mentioned moderating process includes acceleration and deceleration stage, even decelerating phase and subtracts boost phase.Therefore, the motor in the present embodiment Lifting speed curve be divided into 7 sections: wherein, voIt is the starting point speed of service of controlled motor, a is even acceleration starting point, b is to subtract to add Fast starting point, c is at the uniform velocity starting point, and d is acceleration and deceleration starting point, and e is even deceleration starting point, and f is deceleration starting point.Stepping in each stage The velocity variations of motor are all according to the aforesaid velocity amplitude stepping by each stage, then calculate should walking of this speed threshold step Step number, is checked by decreasing fashion, when step number reduces to zero, enters next speed threshold.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of Control of Step Motor's Acceleration and Deceleration method it is characterised in that: methods described includes step:
S1, the highest running speed based on controlled motor, generate controlled motor according to default speed calculation formula Speedometer;
S2, be based on described speedometer, using intervalometer produce corresponding pulses to drive controlled motor to carry out acceleration and deceleration motion.
2. the method for claim 1 it is characterised in that: described step s2 includes:
S21, determined according to speedometer intervalometer produce pulse frequency amplitude of variation;
S22, started with the starting frequency of motor, the amplitude of variation according to described pulse frequency changes intervalometer output arteries and veins The frequency of punching is to drive controlled motor to carry out acceleration and deceleration motion.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 it is characterised in that: described acceleration and deceleration motion include accelerate, at the uniform velocity with slowed down Journey:
In accelerator, started with the initial frequency of controlled motor, determine the increase width of pulse frequency according to speedometer Spend and to increase the frequency of pulse so that controlled motor is accelerated;
During frequency required for the frequency of pulse increases to controlled motor maximum (top) speed, controlled motor enters at the uniform velocity Process;
In moderating process, started with the frequency required for controlled motor maximum (top) speed, determine arteries and veins according to according to speedometer Rush the reduction amplitude of the frequency frequency to reduce pulse so that controlled motor carries out retarded motion.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 it is characterised in that: during described acceleration and deceleration motion, defeated according to intervalometer In the frequency of the current PRF going out and speedometer, the current speed of controlled motor determines each speed threshold in accelerator Run step number;
Decrement operations are executed to the operation step number of each speed threshold, when running step number and reducing to zero, controlled motor current Speed threshold runs and finishes next speed threshold of entrance.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 it is characterised in that: described intervalometer from count initial value x start counting up, and work as Front count value reaches to enter during count maximum interrupts to export pulsed drive controlled motor speed change.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 it is characterised in that: described intervalometer is had no progeny in entering, and also comprises the steps:
Judge whether intervalometer exports pulse, if it is, output pulse is to drive controlled motor speed change;
If it is not, then reloading the counting initial value x of intervalometer and starting counting up from counting initial value x;
Enter when current count value reaches count maximum and interrupt to export pulsed drive controlled motor speed change.
7. method as claimed in claim 5 it is characterised in that: described accelerator includes plus boost phase, even acceleration rank Section and subtract boost phase.
8. method as claimed in claim 5 it is characterised in that: described moderating process includes acceleration and deceleration stage, even deceleration rank Section and subtract boost phase.
CN201610813943.5A 2016-09-09 2016-09-09 Control of Step Motor's Acceleration and Deceleration method Active CN106341063B (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107070329A (en) * 2017-02-20 2017-08-18 武汉科技大学 S type operation curve computational methods and stepper motor method of controlling rotation
CN107800338A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-03-13 深圳怡化电脑股份有限公司 Step Motor speed control method based on FPGA
CN109508050A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-03-22 浙江工业大学 A kind of automatic point drilling machine method for control speed
CN109742987A (en) * 2018-12-22 2019-05-10 西安航天动力研究所 A kind of stepper motor gearshift adjustment control method interrupted based on timer frequency conversion
CN110535379A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-12-03 广芯微电子(广州)股份有限公司 A kind of control method of servo motor and system
CN110995083A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-04-10 湖南航天机电设备与特种材料研究所 High-reliability locking control method and control system for three-self-inertia-unit product
CN113054879A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-06-29 深圳市大富智慧健康科技有限公司 Speed control method of stepping motor and related equipment
CN113328662A (en) * 2021-06-03 2021-08-31 深圳市引力电子科技有限公司 Method for reproducing multiple dynamic speed values by one metering standard device
CN115001325A (en) * 2022-04-20 2022-09-02 北京瑞祺皓迪技术股份有限公司 Timed interrupt control method and multi-step motor synchronous control system and method
CN115173758A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-10-11 北京瑞祺皓迪技术股份有限公司 Method, device and equipment for controlling speed of stepping motor and storage medium

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CN101373947A (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-02-25 比亚迪股份有限公司 Method, apparatus and system for controlling stepper motor speed
CN101710814A (en) * 2009-12-25 2010-05-19 青岛朗讯科技通讯设备有限公司 Method for generating random frequency pulse and method for controlling acceleration and deceleration of stepper motor
CN101944873A (en) * 2010-09-17 2011-01-12 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Acceleration and speed reduction control method for stepper motor
CN102223124A (en) * 2011-06-24 2011-10-19 天津市亚安科技电子有限公司 Device for controlling stepping motor
CN102843084A (en) * 2012-09-11 2012-12-26 济南优耐特汽车电子有限公司 Acceleration and deceleration driving method for stepping motor

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JPS59122400A (en) * 1982-12-24 1984-07-14 Fujitsu Ltd Control system for stepping motor
CN1485977A (en) * 2002-09-24 2004-03-31 力捷电脑股份有限公司 Method and apparatus for controlling linear acceleration and deceleration of step motor
CN101373947A (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-02-25 比亚迪股份有限公司 Method, apparatus and system for controlling stepper motor speed
CN101710814A (en) * 2009-12-25 2010-05-19 青岛朗讯科技通讯设备有限公司 Method for generating random frequency pulse and method for controlling acceleration and deceleration of stepper motor
CN101944873A (en) * 2010-09-17 2011-01-12 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Acceleration and speed reduction control method for stepper motor
CN102223124A (en) * 2011-06-24 2011-10-19 天津市亚安科技电子有限公司 Device for controlling stepping motor
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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107070329A (en) * 2017-02-20 2017-08-18 武汉科技大学 S type operation curve computational methods and stepper motor method of controlling rotation
CN107070329B (en) * 2017-02-20 2019-06-11 武汉科技大学 S type operation curve calculation method and stepper motor method of controlling rotation
CN107800338A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-03-13 深圳怡化电脑股份有限公司 Step Motor speed control method based on FPGA
CN109508050B (en) * 2018-11-28 2022-03-01 浙江工业大学 Speed control method for automatic point drilling machine
CN109508050A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-03-22 浙江工业大学 A kind of automatic point drilling machine method for control speed
CN109742987A (en) * 2018-12-22 2019-05-10 西安航天动力研究所 A kind of stepper motor gearshift adjustment control method interrupted based on timer frequency conversion
CN110535379A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-12-03 广芯微电子(广州)股份有限公司 A kind of control method of servo motor and system
CN110995083A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-04-10 湖南航天机电设备与特种材料研究所 High-reliability locking control method and control system for three-self-inertia-unit product
CN110995083B (en) * 2019-12-20 2023-01-06 湖南航天机电设备与特种材料研究所 High-reliability locking control method and control system for three-self-inertia-unit product
CN113054879A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-06-29 深圳市大富智慧健康科技有限公司 Speed control method of stepping motor and related equipment
CN113054879B (en) * 2021-03-26 2023-02-03 深圳市大富智慧健康科技有限公司 Speed control method of stepping motor and related equipment
CN113328662A (en) * 2021-06-03 2021-08-31 深圳市引力电子科技有限公司 Method for reproducing multiple dynamic speed values by one metering standard device
CN115001325A (en) * 2022-04-20 2022-09-02 北京瑞祺皓迪技术股份有限公司 Timed interrupt control method and multi-step motor synchronous control system and method
CN115173758A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-10-11 北京瑞祺皓迪技术股份有限公司 Method, device and equipment for controlling speed of stepping motor and storage medium

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