CN105972893A - Wide-temperature-range air conditioner for special vehicle - Google Patents
Wide-temperature-range air conditioner for special vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105972893A CN105972893A CN201610309652.2A CN201610309652A CN105972893A CN 105972893 A CN105972893 A CN 105972893A CN 201610309652 A CN201610309652 A CN 201610309652A CN 105972893 A CN105972893 A CN 105972893A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- compressor
- wide
- condenser
- air conditioner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/04—Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/17—Control issues by controlling the pressure of the condenser
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-temperature-range air conditioner for a special vehicle. The wide-temperature-range air conditioner for the special vehicle comprises a refrigeration system composed of a compressor, an evaporator, an expansion valve, a filter, a liquid storage device and a condenser, an evaporation draught fan and a condensation draught fan. Non-azeotropic refrigerants circulate in the refrigeration system. A pressure controller is installed between the liquid storage device and the condenser. A crankcase heating strip is arranged on a shell at the bottom of the compressor. The compressor, the evaporation draught fan, the condensation draught fan, the pressure controller and the crankcase heating strip are connected into an external control system through wires and form an air conditioner control system. According to the wide-temperature-range air conditioner for the special vehicle, the running and outputting characteristics of the high-temperature air conditioner in a wide-temperature-range zone and a high-temperature area of the wide-temperature-range zone and the running performance and reliability of the refrigeration system under a low-temperature work condition are improved, the problems about the adaptability, the reliability, the outputting characteristics and the like during wide-temperature-range area running of the refrigeration system are solved, and therefore refrigeration can be normally performed in a 10-70 DEG C wide-temperature-range area, the maximum attenuation of the refrigeration capacity at high temperature is smaller than 10%, and reliable work performance and stable refrigeration capacity output are kept.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air conditioning system field, specifically a kind of special purpose vehicle width temperature air-conditioning.
Background technology
Perform transport, communication, navigate, the electronics cabin of carrying equipment, the laser aid etc. such as vehicle-mounted, airborne of the task such as detection, it is usually constructed with the demand of warm area round-the-clock, wide work, operation temperature area is generally at 10 ~ 70 DEG C, have the advantages that heat flow density is big and heat flow is big, man-machine ring control equipment must be used to provide suitable operating ambient temperature for it, to ensure that it safe, reliable, efficient works, the most exigent temperature control precision and rate of temperature fall quickly, to improve the stability of its work, reliability, accuracy, mobility and efficiency.
The man-machine ring control equipment of carrying equipment generally uses air-cooled steam compression type refrigeration technology, and conventional refrigerant runs warm area 20 ~ 46 DEG C.
When ambient temperature (usually less than 20 DEG C) is on the low side, the cabin heater element heat lowered the temperature is bigger, it is still necessary to air-conditioning refrigeration system normally works, to lower the temperature cabin.Conventional air-conditioning product continues to work and will result in evaporimeter frosting, icing when ambient temperature is on the low side, and compressor " liquid hammer " even can be caused to damage.Affect unit normally to use.
When ambient temperature is in 60 DEG C of high temperature above districts, air conditioner refrigerating amount deep fades, compressor exhaust temperature is too high, the safety and reliability outstanding problem of system.
When solving air-conditioning high-temperature behavior, market has and centers vortex tube at air-conditioning dress, utilize the cold and hot shunt effect of vortex tube, improve the condensation effect of air-conditioning；Also having and arrange unloader and off-load capillary tube in air-conditioning, when ambient temperature raises, unloader is opened, and off-load capillary tube auxiliary strengthens throttling action, reduces the delivery temperature of high-temperature air conditioner；Also there is the refrigeration system that auxiliary hydrojet is set at suction port of compressor end, use bypass and hydrojet structure, reduce the delivery temperature of compressor, promote compressor and air conditioning system reliability of operation in high temperature environments.Below it is all to reduce air conditioning system efficiency and to increase the complexity of system as cost, although being favorably improved stability and the reliability that worst hot case runs, but the refrigerating amount attenuation being still difficult to obtain good refrigeration performance, especially worst hot case in wider temperature range is serious.
Refrigeration system performs heat conveying and the task of man-machine ring control, reply external environment condition and the change of internal thermic load as the base unit that above-mentioned carrying is equipped, and must keep reliable service behaviour and the output of stable refrigerating capacity at wide warm area.Therefore, the problem that solution thermal extremes environment refrigeration system reliability and wide warm area refrigeration performance improve, is the urgent needs of the extraordinary carrying man-machine ring control of equipment.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of special purpose vehicle wide temperature air-conditioning, on the basis of not increasing cooling cycle system complexity, use the non-azeotropic refrigerant being mixed to form according to a certain ratio by middle temperature cold-producing medium R22 and high temperature refrigerant R142b；Take to fill a reservoir in the outlet of air-conditioning refrigeration system condenser；Take between condenser and reservoir, to fill a pressure controller in refrigeration systems and control condensation fan；Crankcase heating tape is used to be wound in compressor bottom shell, opened before air-conditioning puts into operation measures such as compressor preheat under low temperature environment, by the Optimized Matching of refrigeration system, solve the key issue such as adaptability, reliability and output characteristics that refrigeration system width warm area runs, can normally freeze at 10～70 DEG C of wide warm areas realizing air-conditioning refrigeration system, during high temperature, the maximum attenuation of refrigerating capacity is less than 10%, and keeps reliable service behaviour and the output of stable refrigerating capacity.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of special purpose vehicle width temperature air-conditioning, include compressor, evaporation fan, vaporizer, expansion valve, filter, reservoir, condenser and condensation fan, it is characterized in that: from the outlet introduction pipe of described reservoir, and after being sequentially connected with described filter, expansion valve, vaporizer, compressor and condenser, access the import of described reservoir, the refrigeration system that composition is closed, in described refrigeration system, circulation has the non-azeotropic refrigerant being mixed to form according to a certain ratio by middle temperature cold-producing medium R22 and high temperature refrigerant R142b；Being provided with pressure controller on connection pipeline between described reservoir and condenser, described compressor bottom shell is provided with crankcase heating tape；External control system is accessed by wire in described compressor, evaporation fan, condensation fan, pressure controller, crankcase heating tape, forms air-conditioner control system.
Described special purpose vehicle wide temperature air-conditioning, it is characterised in that: described reservoir, filter, expansion valve, vaporizer, compressor and condenser are sequentially connected with by copper pipe.
Described special purpose vehicle wide temperature air-conditioning, it is characterised in that: described crankcase heating tape is wound in described compressor bottom shell.
The present invention, on the basis of not increasing cooling cycle system complexity, uses the non-azeotropic refrigerant being mixed to form according to a certain ratio by middle temperature cold-producing medium R22 and high temperature refrigerant R142b；Take to fill a reservoir in the outlet of air-conditioning refrigeration system condenser；Take between condenser and reservoir, to fill a pressure controller in refrigeration systems and control condensation fan；Crankcase heating tape is used to be wound in compressor bottom shell, opened before air-conditioning puts into operation measures such as compressor preheat under low temperature environment, by the Optimized Matching of refrigeration system, solve the key issue such as adaptability, reliability and output characteristics that refrigeration system width warm area runs, can normally freeze at 10～70 DEG C of wide warm areas realizing air-conditioning refrigeration system, during high temperature, the maximum attenuation of refrigerating capacity is less than 10%, and keeps reliable service behaviour and the output of stable refrigerating capacity.
The R22/R142b mix refrigerant that the present invention uses quality proportioning to be 6.8/3.2, the condenser of air-conditioner and vaporizer all use straight nest plate, in order to effectively reduce heat transfer temperature difference and condenser pressure, the design area of condenser and the more conventional air-conditioning of air quantity increase 10 ~ 20%；Meanwhile, control vaporizer design area, control the degree of superheat≤2 DEG C, the rising of suppression refrigeration compressor suction temperature and impact on delivery temperature；In view of wide temperature air conditioner load and the big feature of operating ambient temperature amplitude of variation, select external-balancing thermal expansion valve.Regulate the change of refrigerating capacity by the ratio controlling R22 Yu R142b, improve high-temperature air conditioner in width temperate zone and the operation of high-temperature region thereof and output characteristics.
The present invention fills a reservoir in the outlet of air-conditioning refrigeration system condenser, when thermic load reduces or ambient temperature is relatively low, cold-producing medium can not evaporate in vaporizer completely, it is unnecessary to cause at low temperature Space-Time Modulation cold system refrigerant, refrigerant liquid and refrigerant gas thus may be had to be mixed into compressor, so to fill a reservoir before entering compressor, storing liquid cold-producing medium, prevent liquid refrigerant from entering compressor air suction chamber, puncture suction valve chip, it is i.e. " liquid hammer ", causes compressor damage.Set up a reservoir the most in refrigeration systems, it is ensured that when cooling condition generation acute variation, can store certain cold-producing medium, thus stabilisation systems pressure.Therefore, for wide cut variations in temperature and the system of load variations, reservoir is set and can improve the adaptability of refrigeration system.
The outlet of present invention condenser in refrigeration systems fills a pressure controller, it is to be connected to experience with condensator outlet by pressure controller condensing pressure, to pressure controller, one desired value (can being configured according to different use environment) is set, control air conditioning chamber's condensed exterior blower fan, and when ambient temperature is suitable, and condensing pressure is higher than pressure controller setting value, refrigeration system normally works, pressure controller is in normally off, and condensation fan normally works；When external environment temperature is on the low side, when condensing pressure is less than pressure controller setting value, pressure controller is off, and condensation fan quits work；When condensing pressure returns to more than the setting value of pressure controller, and pressure controller recovers normally off, and condensation fan is started working, it is ensured that the condensing pressure of system is a suitable value.
Meanwhile, being wound around a crankcase heating tape on compression bottom shell, under low temperature environment, crankcase heating tape was opened before air-conditioning puts into operation and is preheated compressor, it is ensured that compressor normally starts.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the present invention is not on the basis of increasing cooling cycle system complexity, use the non-azeotropic refrigerant that is mixed to form according to a certain ratio by middle temperature cold-producing medium R22 and high temperature refrigerant R142b, improve high-temperature air conditioner in width temperate zone and the operation of high-temperature region thereof and output characteristics.
2, the present invention takes to fill a reservoir in the outlet of air-conditioning refrigeration system condenser, take between condenser and reservoir, to fill a pressure controller in refrigeration systems and control condensation fan, crankcase heating tape is used to be wound in compressor bottom shell, opened before air-conditioning puts into operation under low temperature environment measures such as compressor preheat, improve runnability and the reliability of refrigerating system low-temperature operating mode；Reservoir, pressure controller and crankcase heating tape are easy for installation, simple in construction, failure rate is low, safe and reliable, and low cost, practical.
3, the present invention Optimized Matching by refrigeration system, solve the key issue such as adaptability, reliability and output characteristics that refrigeration system width warm area runs, it is achieved thereby that air-conditioning refrigeration system can normally freeze at 10～70 DEG C of wide warm areas, during high temperature, the maximum attenuation of refrigerating capacity is less than 10%, and keeps reliable service behaviour and the output of stable refrigerating capacity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the control principle block diagram of pressure controller and crankcase heating tape in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1,2, a kind of special purpose vehicle width temperature air-conditioning, include compressor 1, evaporation fan 2, vaporizer 3, expansion valve 4, filter 5, reservoir 6, condenser 7 and condensation fan 9, from the outlet introduction pipe of reservoir 6, and after being sequentially connected with filter 5, expansion valve 4, vaporizer 3, compressor 1 and condenser 7, access the import of reservoir 6, the refrigeration system that composition is closed, in refrigeration system, circulation has the non-azeotropic refrigerant being mixed to form according to a certain ratio by middle temperature cold-producing medium R22 and high temperature refrigerant R142b；Being provided with pressure controller 8 on connection pipeline between reservoir 6 and condenser 7, compressor 1 bottom shell is provided with crankcase heating tape 10；External control system is accessed by wire in compressor 1, evaporation fan 2, condensation fan 9, pressure controller 8, crankcase heating tape 10, forms air-conditioner control system.
In the present invention, reservoir 6, filter 5, expansion valve 4, vaporizer 3, compressor 1 and condenser 7 are sequentially connected with by copper pipe.
Crankcase heating tape 10 is wound in compressor 1 bottom shell.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated:
Pressure controller 8 is inserted in out on the copper pipe of condenser 7, is welded in system with the soldering bar of silver content 15%, is serially connected in the control circuit of condensation fan 9 by the lead-in wire of pressure controller 8.
Crankcase heating tape is wrapped on compressor bottom shell, is serially connected in the normally-closed contact circuit controlling compressor 1 A.C. contactor by crankcase heating tape lead-in wire.
It is filled with the non-azeotropic refrigerant being mixed to form according to a certain ratio by middle temperature cold-producing medium R22 and high temperature refrigerant R142b in refrigeration systems, by the Optimized Matching of refrigeration system, solve the key issues such as adaptability, reliability and output characteristics that refrigeration system width warm area runs.It is achieved thereby that air-conditioning refrigeration system can normally freeze at 10～70 DEG C of wide warm areas, during high temperature, the maximum attenuation of refrigerating capacity is less than 10%, and keeps reliable service behaviour and the output of stable refrigerating capacity.
Above example is not limited only to protection scope of the present invention, all basic thoughts based on the present invention and modify or change broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a special purpose vehicle width temperature air-conditioning, include compressor, evaporation fan, vaporizer, expansion valve, filter, reservoir, condenser and condensation fan, it is characterized in that: from the outlet introduction pipe of described reservoir, and after being sequentially connected with described filter, expansion valve, vaporizer, compressor and condenser, access the import of described reservoir, the refrigeration system that composition is closed, in described refrigeration system, circulation has the non-azeotropic refrigerant being mixed to form according to a certain ratio by middle temperature cold-producing medium R22 and high temperature refrigerant R142b；Being provided with pressure controller on connection pipeline between described reservoir and condenser, described compressor bottom shell is provided with crankcase heating tape；External control system is accessed by wire in described compressor, evaporation fan, condensation fan, pressure controller, crankcase heating tape, forms air-conditioner control system.
Special purpose vehicle the most according to claim 1 wide temperature air-conditioning, it is characterised in that: described reservoir, filter, expansion valve, vaporizer, compressor and condenser are sequentially connected with by copper pipe.
Special purpose vehicle the most according to claim 1 wide temperature air-conditioning, it is characterised in that: described crankcase heating tape is wound in described compressor bottom shell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610309652.2A CN105972893A (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2016-05-10 | Wide-temperature-range air conditioner for special vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610309652.2A CN105972893A (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2016-05-10 | Wide-temperature-range air conditioner for special vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105972893A true CN105972893A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
Family
ID=56991590
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610309652.2A Pending CN105972893A (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2016-05-10 | Wide-temperature-range air conditioner for special vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105972893A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111823824A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-27 | 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 | Anti-freezing control system of vehicle-mounted air conditioner |
| CN112325495A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-05 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Instantaneous high heat flux heat dissipation two-phase control method |
| CN112413936A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Refrigeration system, control method and air conditioner applied to wide temperature conditions |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104534602A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-04-22 | 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 | Superhigh-temperature special air conditioner |
| CN104534707A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-04-22 | 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 | Special air conditioner for wide temperature region |
| CN204285876U (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-04-22 | 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 | A kind of low temperature refrigeration of air conditioner running gear |
-
2016
- 2016-05-10 CN CN201610309652.2A patent/CN105972893A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204285876U (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-04-22 | 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 | A kind of low temperature refrigeration of air conditioner running gear |
| CN104534602A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-04-22 | 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 | Superhigh-temperature special air conditioner |
| CN104534707A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-04-22 | 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 | Special air conditioner for wide temperature region |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111823824A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-27 | 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 | Anti-freezing control system of vehicle-mounted air conditioner |
| CN112325495A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-05 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Instantaneous high heat flux heat dissipation two-phase control method |
| CN112413936A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Refrigeration system, control method and air conditioner applied to wide temperature conditions |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
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Application publication date: 20160928 |