CN105739108A - 2D/3D switchable liquid crystal display device and pixel light-up method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a 2D/3D switchable liquid crystal display device and a pixel light-up method thereof. The liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module providing a backlight source for the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display device is characterized in that when the liquid crystal display panel displays a 2D image, all pixels of the backlight module are lit up; and, when the liquid crystal display panel displays a 3D image, the liquid crystal display panel is provided with a plurality of parallax images, each parallax image is a viewpoint, the backlight module is provided with bright stripes and dark stripes, the bright stripes and the dark stripes are arranged in a staggered manner, and light-up of the pixels of the backlight module is dynamically adjusted. According to the 2D/3D switchable liquid crystal display device, through changes of the light-up of the pixels of the backlight module, an optical characteristic of the backlight source is converted into a line light source from an area light source, and the width of each pixel of the backlight module can be smaller than the width of each sub pixel of the liquid crystal display panel, so, in a 3D display mode, viewpoint light beams are spatially and completely separated at a proper position, and 3D display crosstalks are reduced.

Description

A kind of switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D and pixel lighting method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to three dimensional display field, be specifically related to a kind of switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D and pixel lighting method thereof.

Technical background

The bore hole 3D display device being currently based on liquid crystal display has had become as following development trend of TFT-LCD.

Traditional raster formula 3D display is to be coupled to form by parallax grating and 2D display precision, and wherein, parallax grating, as beam splitter, its objective is that the path that light is propagated carries out the control of certain way, makes the right and left eyes of beholder watch different anaglyphs.Currently, being placed on by parallax grating between 2D backlight and display, 2D area source converts to light and shade line source alternately, the line source through parallax grating independently provides illumination to the anaglyph on display.

Fig. 1 is that existing parallax grating formula backlight 3D shows operation principle schematic diagram, and Fig. 2 is the structural representation of parallax grating, and parallax grating 3 is staggered by light transmission strip 31 and shield bars 32 and forms, and wherein, light transmission strip 31 printing opacity, shield bars 32 is light tight.Wherein, parallax grating 3 is between display screen 1 and 2D backlight 2, owing to shield bars 31 absorbs the light of 2D backlight 2 corresponding region so that provide the thin bright line distribution that the back lighting region of display screen 1 separates with a determining deviation.When the multiple views anaglyph that the sub-pixel based on display screen synthesizes shows on a display screen, owing to parallax grating 3 converts the area source of 2D backlight 2 to alternate line source, now the corresponding multiple views anaglyph of display screen will be provided illumination by each line source, when human eye 4 is in appropriate position, the light beam that the sub-pixel of the display screen of each anaglyph sends can spatially realize separating by correspondence position, right and left eyes 4 is made to can only see corresponding anaglyph, thus people can produce stereoscopic visual effect.

In 3D shows, traditional parallax grating backlight technology does not make full use of backlight in the process forming line source, causes a degree of light energy losses.And the assembly precision of parallax grating backlight and LCD can affect 3D display effect.

Nowadays, 2D/3D switchable liquid crystal display device is based on the LCD display device of the light guide plate of specific microstructure.Under 3D display pattern, on light guide plate, micro structure can make the light generation scattering of transmission in light guide plate, so that the light beam sent based on the multiple views anaglyph of LCD sub-pixel synthesis spatially realizes separating.But, the manufacturing process of micro structure and light source incidence determine light transmission information in light guide plate to light guide plate positional information, thus affecting the separation spatially of anaglyph light beam, namely have impact on stereo display effect, these factors can make LCD be difficult to exactitude position with corresponding back light module unit structure at fit on.And after the 3D viewpoint number shown is determined, the optical parametric of whole display device just secures, when needs change viewing viewpoint number, it is necessary for redesigning corresponding light guide plate parameter, thus adding process costs；Under 2D display pattern, due to the existence of light guide plate so that 2D backlight have lost certain energy to a certain extent, thus reducing 2D display brightness.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of optical characteristics realizing backlight to be converted to line source by area source, realize viewpoint light beam and be spatially completely separated, reduce 3D and show the switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D of generation and the pixel lighting method thereof of crosstalk.

The present invention provides a kind of switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D, including display panels and the backlight module providing backlight for this display panels, it is characterized in that: when described display panels shows 2D image, the pixel of described backlight module is all lighted；When described display panels shows 3D rendering, described display panels having multiple anaglyph, each anaglyph is a viewpoint, and described backlight module has staggered bright fringes and dark fringe, and the pixel dynamically regulating backlight module is lighted.

Wherein, the viewpoint number on described display panels is more many, and the width of the dark fringe of described backlight module is more wide.

Wherein, the width w of described bright fringes_bWidth w with dark fringe_dComputing formula is as follows:

$w_b=\frac{{\mathrm{qw}}_p}{q-w_p}$

$w_d=\frac{(n-1){\mathrm{qw}}_p}{q-w_p}$

Wherein, n is the viewpoint number on display panels, and q is the viewpoint spacing of adjacent parallax image, w_pSub pixel width for display panels.

Wherein, the number of pixels of the bright fringes of described backlight module is m_b, the number of pixels of dark fringe is m_d, its computing formula is as follows:

$m_b=\frac{w_b}{w}$

$m_d=\frac{w_d}{w}$

Wherein, described w_bFor the width of bright fringes, w_dFor the width of dark fringe, w is the width of the pixel of backlight module.

Wherein, the computing formula of the distance L of best viewing liquid crystal indicator is as follows:

$L=\frac{d}{w_p}(2e\frac{1}{n}-w_p)$

Wherein, n is the viewpoint number on display panels, w_pFor the sub pixel width of display panels, 2e is the eye pupil pitch of holes of human eye, and d is the distance between display panels and backlight module.

The present invention provides the pixel lighting method of the switchable liquid crystal indicator of a kind of 2D/3D, liquid crystal indicator includes display panels and provides the backlight module of backlight for this display panels, and the pixel lighting method of described backlight module contains following steps:

Input display viewpoint number n；

As n=1, this liquid crystal indicator is 2D liquid crystal indicator, and the pixel of backlight module is all lighted；

When n is not equal to 1, this liquid crystal indicator is 3D liquid crystal indicator, and the pixel of entry of backlight module lights working procedure.

Wherein, the pixel lighting method of the backlight module of 3D liquid crystal indicator, comprise the steps:

Sub pixel width w according to display panels_p, the spacing d between display panels and backlight module, viewpoint number n；

Obtain the bright fringes width w of viewing ratio L, backlight module_bWidth w with dark fringe_d, such as following formula:

$L=\frac{d}{w_p}(2e\frac{1}{n}-w_p)$

$w_b=\frac{2{\mathrm{ew}}_p}{2e-{\mathrm{nw}}_p}$

$w_d=\frac{2{\mathrm{ew}}_p(n-1)}{2e-{\mathrm{nw}}_p}$

The width of the pixel of input backlight module is w；

According to bright fringes width w_b, dark fringe width w_d, and backlight module pixel width w between relation:

$m_b=\frac{w_b}{w}$

$m_d=\frac{w_d}{w}$

Obtain the number of pixels m of the bright fringes of backlight module_b, the number of pixels m of dark fringe_d, the pixel dynamically regulating backlight module is lighted.

Wherein, the viewing area size of backlight module and the viewing area size of display panels are identical.

Wherein, the sub pixel width of display panels and the pixel wide ratio of backlight module are more than 3:1.

The switchable liquid crystal indicator of one 2D/3D of the present invention, lights by changing the pixel of backlight module, it is achieved the optical characteristics of backlight is converted to line source by area source.Lifting along with manufacturing process technology, the pixel wide of backlight module can realize less than the sub-pixel of display panels, thus under 3D display pattern so that being in the proper place realizes viewpoint light beam and be spatially completely separated, and reduces 3D and shows the generation of crosstalk.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 show existing parallax grating formula backlight 3D and shows operation principle schematic diagram；

Fig. 2 show the structural representation of the independent parallax grating shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 show the structural representation of the switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D of the present invention；

Fig. 4 show the structural representation that the pixel of the backlight module of 2D liquid crystal indicator is lighted；

Fig. 5 show the characteristics of luminescence schematic diagram of the backlight module of 2D liquid crystal indicator；

Fig. 6 show the structural representation that the light and shade of the backlight module of 3D liquid crystal indicator replaces；

Fig. 7 show the structural representation of the display panels of 3D liquid crystal indicator；

Fig. 8 show the characteristics of luminescence schematic diagram of the backlight module of 3D liquid crystal indicator；

Fig. 9 show the light-dividing principle figure of 3D liquid crystal indicator；

The pixel of the backlight module that Figure 10 show liquid crystal indicator of the present invention lights flow process；

The pixel of the backlight module that Figure 11 show 3D liquid crystal indicator lights flow chart；

Figure 12 show the schematic diagram of the sub-pixel of display panels and the pixel wide of backlight module；

Detailed description of the invention

The switchable liquid crystal indicator of one 2D/3D of the present invention, it is specifically related to three dimensional display field, as shown in Figure 3, this liquid crystal indicator includes: liquid crystal display substrate 10, it is located at the upper Polarizer 20 of the upper surface of this liquid crystal display substrate 10, it is positioned at the lower Polarizer 30 of the lower surface of this liquid crystal display substrate 10, and be positioned at this lower Polarizer 30 times and the backlight module 40 of backlight is provided to this liquid crystal display substrate 10, wherein, upper Polarizer 20, liquid crystal display substrate 10 and lower Polarizer 30 form display panels 100, display panels 100 is as the function of display image；Described backlight module 40 is active light-emitting backplane, is specially OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) or PDP (Plasmia indicating panel) or FED (field-emitter display) or CNT (carbon nanotube display) or SED (surface-conduction-electron emission display) etc..

Wherein, described display panels 100 shows image, and the display image that described backlight module 40 is display panels 100 provides backlight.

When described display panels 100 shows 2D image, as shown in Figure 4, the pixel of described backlight module 40 is all lighted, the optical characteristics of this backlight module 40 is area source, Fig. 5 show the characteristics of luminescence schematic diagram of the backlight module of 2D liquid crystal indicator, and this liquid crystal indicator is 2D liquid crystal indicator.

When described display panels 100 shows 3D rendering, as shown in Figure 6, described backlight module 40 has staggered bright fringes 41 and dark fringe 42；As shown in Figure 7, described display panels 100 has multiple anaglyph 11, by controlling bright with the dark ratio of the respective pixel of backlight module 40, the optical characteristics realizing backlight module 40 is converted to line source by area source, and Fig. 8 show the characteristics of luminescence schematic diagram of the backlight module of 3D liquid crystal indicator.Multiple anaglyphs on described display panels 100 are provided illumination by the light and shade of backlight module 40 line source alternately, and each anaglyph is a viewpoint.When human eye is in properly distance viewing display panels 100, left eye only accepts corresponding anaglyph with right eye, it is achieved thereby that 3D viewing effect.Now this liquid crystal indicator is 3D liquid crystal indicator.

Fig. 7 is the operation principle schematic diagram under 3D display pattern, when the multiple views anaglyph that the sub-pixel based on display panels 100 synthesizes shows on display panels 100, the adjustment realizing bright fringes and dark fringe width is lighted, it is achieved the optical characteristics of display panels 100 is converted to light and dark line source by area source by what control the pixel of backlight module 400.Fig. 8 line source luminescence schematic diagram that to show under 3D display pattern back panel of backlight light and dark, anaglyph corresponding on display panels 100 can be provided illumination by each line source, when human eye is in appropriate position, the light beam that the sub-pixel of the display panels 100 of each anaglyph sends can spatially realize separating by correspondence position, right and left eyes is made to can only see corresponding anaglyph, thus people can produce stereoscopic visual effect.

When this liquid crystal indicator is under 3D display pattern, in order to make the right and left eyes of beholder watch corresponding anaglyph at appropriate viewing distance, need to correctly regulate the bright fringes of the correspondence position of backlight module and the width of dark fringe.

As it is shown in figure 9, when the right and left eyes of people accepts the light beam that the anaglyph of different points of view sends, people will produce stereoperception.Especially when people moves in corresponding region, owing to human eye is in moving process, the anaglyph that images of left and right eyes receives changes, thus creating motion parallax, therefore, this 3D liquid crystal indicator can be considered multiple views 3D display device under 3D display pattern.

The staggered bright fringes 41 of backlight module 40 in order to better design 3D display device and the width of dark fringe 42, assuming that the display parameters of the display panels 100 given: viewpoint number is n, Fig. 7 takes n=6, it is respectively as follows: 61-66, wherein n is that the natural number of 0, the sub pixel width of display panels 10 are w_p；3D watches condition: viewing ratio is L, and the viewpoint spacing of adjacent parallax image is q；The left eye 51 of beholder and the eye pupil pitch of holes (generally taking 65mm) of right eye 52 are 2e, q=2e/n.

The bright fringes 41 of backlight module 40 and the parameter of dark fringe 42: the width of the bright fringes 41 of backlight module 40 is w_b, the width of the dark fringe 42 of backlight module 40 is w_d；Distance between backlight module 40 and display panels 10 is d；The width of the pixel of back side module 40 is w.

The bright fringes of the correspondence position of backlight module 40 and the width of dark fringe is dynamically regulated by the display parameters of given display panels 100 and 3D viewing condition.Formula below can be drawn according to geometrical relationship as shown in Figure 7:

$d=\frac{w_{p}L}{q-w_p}---\left(1\right)$

$w_b=\frac{{\mathrm{qw}}_p}{q-w_p}---\left(2\right)$

$w_d=\frac{(n-1){\mathrm{qw}}_p}{q-w_p}---\left(3\right)$

First, from formula (1), (2), (3): when the display parameters of display panels 100 are fixing, watch condition parameter values by arranging 3D, namely the value of L, q is set, it is determined that the spacing d between display panels 10 and backlight module.

That is: n, w it are determined by_p, L, q dynamically regulate true w_b、w_dValue；Along with the increase of viewpoint number n, w_dValue increasing, namely the dark fringe of backlight module is more and more wider；The edited characteristic of the dark fringe width of backlight module is realized by the present invention.

Secondly, after d value is determined, along with the change of viewpoint number n, viewing ratio L also changes therewith, and now the known parameters of 3D liquid crystal indicator is converted to w_p、d.Formula (1), (2), (3) are changed into n be variable formula (4), (5), (6).

Finally, known according to formula (4), (5), (6): along with the increase of viewpoint number n, viewing ratio L is at reduction gradually, bright fringes width w_bAt reduction gradually, dark fringe width w_dIn increase gradually.

$L=\frac{d}{w_p}(2e\frac{1}{n}-w_p)---\left(4\right)$

$w_b=\frac{2{\mathrm{ew}}_p}{2e-{\mathrm{nw}}_p}---\left(5\right)$

$w_d=\frac{2{\mathrm{ew}}_p(n-1)}{2e-{\mathrm{nw}}_p}---\left(6\right)$

In order to dynamically regulate the width of bright, the dark fringe of backlight module, it is assumed that the number of pixels of the bright fringes in backlight module 40 is m_b, the number of pixels of dark fringe is m_d, then

$m_b=\frac{w_b}{w}---\left(7\right)$

$m_d=\frac{w_d}{w}---\left(8\right)$

The pixel of the backlight module that Figure 10 show liquid crystal indicator of the present invention lights flow process, comprises the steps:

Input display viewpoint number n.

As n=1, this liquid crystal indicator is 2D liquid crystal indicator, and the pixel of backlight module is all lighted.

When n is not equal to 1, this liquid crystal indicator is 3D liquid crystal indicator, and the pixel of entry of backlight module lights working procedure.

Figure 11 show the pixel lighting method of the backlight module of 3D liquid crystal indicator, comprises the steps:

Sub pixel width w according to display panels 100_p, the spacing d between display panels 100 and backlight module, viewpoint number n；

Obtain the bright fringes width w of viewing ratio L, backlight module_bWidth w with dark fringe_d, such as following formula (4), (5) and (6):

$L=\frac{d}{w_p}(2e\frac{1}{n}-w_p)---\left(4\right)$

$w_b=\frac{2{\mathrm{ew}}_p}{2e-{\mathrm{nw}}_p}---\left(5\right)$

$w_d=\frac{2{\mathrm{ew}}_p(n-1)}{2e-{\mathrm{nw}}_p}---\left(6\right)$

The width of the pixel of input backlight module 40 is w；

According to bright fringes width w_b, dark fringe width w_d, and backlight module 40 pixel width w between relation, namely formula (7) and (8), obtain the number of pixels m of the bright fringes of backlight module_b, the number of pixels m of dark fringe_d, the pixel dynamically regulating backlight module is lighted.

$m_b=\frac{w_b}{w}---\left(7\right)$

$m_d=\frac{w_d}{w}---\left(8\right)$

So that backlight module completes handoff functionality between 2D shows and 3D shows.As shown in Figure 8, first, input display viewpoint number n value；Then, computer can judge the display pattern of this liquid crystal indicator according to n number: if n is 1, then this liquid crystal indicator is that 2D shows pattern, now, by the drive circuit of backlight module is applied the signal of telecommunication, making the pixel of backlight module entirely light, namely backlight module is 2D backlight；If n is not 1, then this liquid crystal indicator is that 3D shows pattern.

In order to further confirm that backlight module bright fringes and dark fringe width size under 3D display pattern, as shown in figure 11, according to known w_p, d, n value by formula (4), (5), (6) confirm w_b、w_d, L-value.Owing to the pixel wide of backlight module is based on design load and the manufacturing process of this backlight module device, therefore w value is fixing.According to w_b、w_d, relation between w, namely by formula (7) and (8), further confirm that under 3D display pattern: the number of pixels m of the bright fringes of backlight module_bValue, the number of pixels m of the dark fringe of backlight module_dValue；The drive circuit of final backlight module is according to m_bAnd m_dValue is dynamically lighted the pixel of corresponding region and is lighted, thus showing that the optical characteristics completing backlight module in handoff procedure is converted to the process of line source by area source at 2D/3D.

Figure 12 show the schematic diagram of the sub-pixel of display panels 100 and the pixel wide of backlight module, it is assumed that 110 is the sub-pixel of display panels, and 410 is the pixel of backlight module,

In order to make backlight module 40 fully provide backlight to display panels 100, assuming that effective light-emitting zone of backlight module 40 is equal with the territory, effective display area of display panels 100, it may be assumed that the viewing area size of backlight module is identical with the viewing area size of display panels.As shown in Figure 10, the assembly precision of display panels 100 and backlight module influences whether 3D display effect, so that the sub-pixel 110 of display panels 100 and the better autoregistration of pixel 410 of backlight module, the pixel wide ratio of the sub pixel width of display panels Yu backlight module is greater than 3:1.

The switchable liquid crystal indicator of one 2D/3D of the present invention, lights by changing the pixel of backlight module, it is achieved the optical characteristics of backlight is converted to line source by area source.Lifting along with manufacturing process technology, the pixel wide of backlight module can realize less than the sub-pixel of display panels, thus under 3D display pattern so that being in the proper place realizes viewpoint light beam and be spatially completely separated, and reduces 3D and shows the generation of crosstalk.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above; but the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; in the technology concept of the present invention, it is possible to technical scheme is carried out multiple equivalents, these equivalents belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D, including display panels and the backlight module providing backlight for this display panels, it is characterised in that: when described display panels shows 2D image, the pixel of described backlight module is all lighted；When described display panels shows 3D rendering, described display panels having multiple anaglyph, each anaglyph is a viewpoint, and described backlight module has staggered bright fringes and dark fringe, and the pixel dynamically regulating backlight module is lighted.

2. the switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the viewpoint number on described display panels is more many, and the width of the dark fringe of described backlight module is more wide.

3. the switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the width w of described bright fringes_bWidth w with dark fringe_dComputing formula is as follows:

$w_b=\frac{{\mathrm{qw}}_p}{q-w_p}$

$w_d=\frac{(n-1){\mathrm{qw}}_p}{q-w_p}$

Wherein, n is the viewpoint number on display panels, and q is the viewpoint spacing of adjacent parallax image, w_pSub pixel width for display panels.

4. the switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the number of pixels of the bright fringes of described backlight module is m_b, the number of pixels of dark fringe is m_d, its computing formula is as follows:

$m_b=\frac{w_b}{w}$

$m_d=\frac{w_d}{w}$

Wherein, described w_bFor the width of bright fringes, w_dFor the width of dark fringe, w is the width of the pixel of backlight module.

5. the switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the computing formula of the distance L of best viewing liquid crystal indicator is as follows:

$L=\frac{d}{w_p}(2e\frac{1}{n}-w_p)$

Wherein, n is the viewpoint number on display panels, w_pFor the sub pixel width of display panels, 2e is the eye pupil pitch of holes of human eye, and d is the distance between display panels and backlight module.

6. the pixel lighting method of the switchable liquid crystal indicator of 2D/3D, liquid crystal indicator includes display panels and provides the backlight module of backlight for this display panels, it is characterised in that: the pixel lighting method of described backlight module contains following steps:

Input display viewpoint number n；

As n=1, this liquid crystal indicator is 2D liquid crystal indicator, and the pixel of backlight module is all lighted；

When n is not equal to 1, this liquid crystal indicator is 3D liquid crystal indicator, and the pixel of entry of backlight module lights working procedure.

7. pixel lighting method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the pixel lighting method of the backlight module of 3D liquid crystal indicator, comprise the steps:

Sub pixel width w according to display panels_p, the spacing d between display panels and backlight module, viewpoint number n；

Obtain the bright fringes width w of viewing ratio L, backlight module_bWidth w with dark fringe_d, such as following formula:

$L=\frac{d}{w_p}(2e\frac{1}{n}-w_p)$

$w_b=\frac{2{\mathrm{ew}}_p}{2e-{\mathrm{nw}}_p}$

$w_d=\frac{2{\mathrm{ew}}_p(n-1)}{2e-{\mathrm{nw}}_p}$

The width of the pixel of input backlight module is w；

According to bright fringes width w_b, dark fringe width w_d, and backlight module pixel width w between relation:

$m_b=\frac{w_b}{w}$

$m_d=\frac{w_d}{w}$

Obtain the number of pixels m of the bright fringes of backlight module_b, the number of pixels m of dark fringe_d, the pixel dynamically regulating backlight module is lighted.

8. pixel lighting method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the viewing area size of backlight module is identical with the viewing area size of display panels.

9. pixel lighting method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the pixel wide ratio of the sub pixel width of display panels and backlight module is more than 3:1.