CN105331397B - 一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105331397B
CN105331397B CN201510704340.7A CN201510704340A CN105331397B CN 105331397 B CN105331397 B CN 105331397B CN 201510704340 A CN201510704340 A CN 201510704340A CN 105331397 B CN105331397 B CN 105331397B
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CN105331397A (zh
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孔永平
陈荣霞
郑冀鲁
杨世东
许巧云
刘见青
程平
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Henan Yulong science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd
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HENAN LONGZHENG BIOLOGICAL ENERGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，是以高温裂解燃料油、300#溶剂油、焦化洗油、减三线油、变性醇、稳定剂、酸度改进剂、动力增强剂、柴油香精为原料，在常温、常压条件下经过充分搅拌后，再纳米乳化，高能静态混合之后制得。该燃料油质量符合GB25989‑2010<<炉用燃料油>>国家标准，可替代传统石化燃料广泛用于锅炉以及工业窑路等的燃烧供热领域。

Description

一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及清洁能源技术领域，特别涉及一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法。
背景技术
能源是支撑经济发展的关键，经济的快速发展导致所需的能源产品也逐渐增加，大量的石化能源产品给环境带来了沉重的负担，以牺牲生态环境为代价换取经济的发展显然不符合现在的国家政策,另外原油、煤炭非再生资源逐渐萎缩，全球各国也意识到发展高清洁、高热值的能源符合能源战略和环境战略。
高温裂解燃料油是农林产品下脚料、柴薪、农作物秸秆、城市垃圾中的生物质废弃物、废塑料、废机油和废橡胶在无氧或缺氧、高温条件下经过裂解或热分解获得的液体产物，其转化产率为40-90%。高温裂解燃料油是一种褐色或深红色液体，粘度8-15mm2/s，酸度8-10mgKOH/ml，热值3800-8000大卡，可作为重油用于锅炉或工业窑路的燃烧供热。
高温裂解燃料油虽然可以用于锅炉或工业窑路的燃烧供热，但是也存在酸度高、热值低、粘度大等弊病，应用过程中易造成燃烧不完全、容易结胶以及经常堵塞燃烧器的喷油嘴等现象，给锅炉以及工业窑路实际应用造成一定困难。
为了克服上述高温裂解燃料油存在的缺陷与不足，提升高温裂解燃料油的品质，使之与普通的石化柴油或重油指标相似，国内外许多能源学者开始对本领域技术研究并取得了一定成功，然而在产品的理化指标以及使用性能及效果方面还是不太理想。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，很好的解决了之前生物质燃料油产品存在粘度大、酸度高以及热值低等问题，其质量在保证达到GB25989-2010<<炉用燃料油>>国家标准的同时，又能提供足够的热量来满足生产需要，替代现有市场的石化燃料。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，其特征在于它是由以下质量份的原料制得：高温裂解燃料油 50-60、300#溶剂油10-15、焦化洗油10-20、减三线油20-30、变性醇10-20、稳定剂0.08、酸度改进剂0.1、动力增强剂0.5-2、柴油香精0.2-0.8。
其中，高温裂解燃料油系城市生活垃圾中的生物质废弃物、废塑料、煤焦油和废橡胶经过高温裂解或热分解获得的液体产物。裂解或热分解之后的液体产物经过氧化、脱色，使之颜色变为浅黄色，主要成分为碳长链化合物。本发明将高温裂解燃料油、300#溶剂油、焦化洗油和减三线油按一定的比例混合后，得到的燃料油燃烧热值能达到8500-12000大卡，价格却比标准柴油低300-800元/吨。
其中，所述的稳定剂为肌醇六磷酸钠；
所述酸度改进剂为二乙醇胺、氨水、三乙胺三组份组成的混合物；其中，所述的变性醇由以下质量份数的原料制成：甲醇85-90、乙醇10-15、脂肪酸甲酯5-10、二茂铁0.8-1、甲基异丁基酮0.2-0.5、异丙醇2-3；其中，所述的动力增强剂由以下质量份数的原料制成：草酸二丁酯35、草酸二异丁酯35、草酸二乙戊酯20、二茂铁10；其中，所述的柴油香精为牡丹花香精、月季花香精、玉兰花香精三组分所组成的混合物。
本发明产品与传统石化燃料相比具有以下优点：粘度适中、酸度正常以及热值偏高等特点，燃烧后尾气排放比传统石化燃料还降低。
所述高清洁、高热值燃料油经权威部门检测，其各项指标如下：与普通石化燃料相比其CO降幅达到10%，PM降幅达到12%，CH和燃烧烟度降幅分别为15%、13%，粘度6-10mm2/s，酸度7-8mgKOH/ml，热值8500-12000大卡，色度不高于4.0，硫含量不大于0.05%（m/m），密度为855-880kg/m3（20℃），铜片腐蚀度不大于1A级（50℃，3H），灰分不大于0.1%（m/m）,水分含量不大于0.02%（m/m），机械杂质为无，闪点不低于75℃（闭口）。
本发明采用的制备步骤如下：（1）将高温裂解燃料油、300#溶剂油、焦化洗油、减三线油加入到搅拌釜A中搅拌均匀；（2）将稳定剂和酸度改进剂加到搅拌釜A中，搅拌0.5h后离心，将离心液泵入搅拌釜B中；（3）将变性醇、动力增强剂、柴油香精加入到搅拌釜B中，充分搅拌1.0-2h后过滤，将过滤液泵入搅拌釜C中；（4）将搅拌釜C中的物料充份搅拌后进入纳米乳化机乳化，乳化之后的物料再通过高能静态混合器，经高能静态混合器稳定之后的物料即为高清洁、高热值燃料油。
本发明的优点如下：1.生产工艺简单，操作便捷。2.原料来源广泛，价格低廉，产品将对生态环境安全危害极大的废弃物转变成高清洁、高热值的燃料油，实现了“变废为宝、造福社会”的要求，同时也符合国家制定的环境政策。3.对环境无污染，热值高，性价比高且降解速度快，是一种理想的高清洁、高热值燃料，值得推广。
具体实施方式
对本发明做进一步的说明：一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，按质量份计，它的组成为动植物油50-60、300#溶剂油10-15、焦化洗油10-20、减三线油20-30、变性醇10-20、稳定剂0.08、酸度改进剂0.1、动力增强剂0.5-2、柴油香精0.2-0.8。
其中，所述稳定剂为肌醇六磷酸钠；所述酸度改进剂为二乙醇胺、氨水、三乙胺三组分所组成的混合物；其中，所述的变性醇由以下质量份数的原料制成：甲醇85-90、乙醇10-15、脂肪酸甲酯5-10、二茂铁0.8-1、甲基异丁基酮0.2-0.5、异丙醇2-3；其中，所述的动力增强剂由以下质量份数的原料制成：草酸二丁酯35、草酸二异丁酯35、草酸二乙戊酯20、二茂铁10；其中，所述的柴油香精为牡丹花香精、月季花香精、玉兰花香精。
所述的一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下制备步骤：（1）将高温裂解燃料油、300#溶剂油、焦化洗油、减三线油加入到搅拌釜A中搅拌均匀；（2）将稳定剂和酸度改进剂加入到搅拌釜A中，搅拌0.5h之后离心，将离心液泵入搅拌釜B中；（3）将变性醇、动力增强剂、柴油香精加入到搅拌釜B中，充分搅拌1.0-2.0h后过滤，将过滤液泵入搅拌釜C中；（4）将搅拌釜C中的物料充分搅拌后进入纳米乳化机乳化，乳化之后的物料再通过高能静态混合器，经高能静态混合器稳定之后的物料即为高清洁、高热值燃料油。

Claims (6)

1.一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，其特征在于该燃料由以下质量份数的原料制得：高温裂解燃料油50-60、300#溶剂油10-15、焦化洗油10-20、减三线油20-30、变性醇10-20、稳定剂0.08、酸度改进剂0.1、动力增强剂0.5-2、柴油香精0.2-0.8；所述的变性醇由以下质量份数的原料制成：甲醇85-90、乙醇10-15、脂肪酸甲酯5-10、二茂铁0.8-1.0、甲基异丁基酮0.2-0.5、异丙醇2-3；所述的稳定剂为肌醇六磷酸钠。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，其特征在于所述的高温裂解燃料油系城市生活垃圾中的生物质废弃物、废塑料、煤焦油和废橡胶经过高温裂解或热分解获得的液体产物。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，其特征在于所述的酸度改进剂为二乙醇胺、氨水、三乙胺三组份组成的混合物。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，其特征在于所述的动力增强剂由以下质量份数的原料制成：草酸二丁酯35、草酸二异丁酯35、草酸二乙戊酯20、二茂铁10。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，其特征在于所述的柴油香精为牡丹花香精、月季花香精、玉兰花香精三组份组成的混合物。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种高清洁、高热值燃料油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下制备步骤：
(1)将高温裂解燃料油、300#溶剂油、焦化洗油、减三线油加入到搅拌釜A中搅拌均匀；
(2)将稳定剂和酸度改进剂加入到搅拌釜A中，搅拌0.5h之后离心，将离心液泵入搅拌釜B中；
(3)将变性醇、动力增强剂、柴油香精加入到搅拌釜B中，充分搅拌1.0-2.0h后过滤，将过滤液泵入搅拌釜C中；
(4)将搅拌釜C中的物料充分搅拌后进入纳米乳化机乳化，乳化之后的物料再通过高能静态混合器，经高能静态混合器稳定之后的物料即为高清洁、高热值燃料油。
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