CN105230355A - Grahfting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a grafting method for xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge. The grafting method comprises a preparation step and a grafting step. The preparation step comprises: applying an organic fertilizer again to a stock tree and a grafting tree of xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge from the bottom of august to early september; keeping water supply one month before spike cutting of the stock tree; then stopping water; in 4-5 days before spike cutting, universally spraying a leaf fertilizer to the stock tree and the grafting tree; and disinfecting cutters and tools for grafting before grafting. The grafting step comprises: carrying out grafting by virtue of a cut-grafting method; binding a grafted part; carrying out bleeding treatment; eliminating exclusiveness; and then carrying out stock pruning and removal of unwanted sprouts, and carrying out water and fertilizer management. By virtue of a series of key steps such as the cut-grafting method, the bleeding treatment, the exclusiveness eliminating treatment and the like, the grafting survival rate is greatly improved, and the highest survival rate can reach 90%. The method is simple to operate and easy to study and master, and can realize large-scaled production; after grafting an excellent specie scion, an excellent family garden which is rich in yield, stable in output, high in output, high in oil yield and high in stress resistance is obtained.

Description

A kind of yellow horn grafting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant reconfiguration, change kind of a technology, be specifically related to a kind of grafting method of yellow horn.

Background technology

Yellow horn Sapindaceae yellow horn belongs to, and defoliation small arbor, the height of tree can reach 8m, more than diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 3cm, bark taupe, distorted shape lobe.Yellow horn happiness sun, resistance to half the moon, very strong to soil suitability, barren-resistant, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, cold tolerance is strong, and drought-resistant ability is extremely strong, also has scattered trees in the area of annual rainfall only 150mm, but yellow horn intolerant to waterlogging, be afraid of wind, in the bad low laying areas of draining, heavy saline and unfixed sand ground should not plant.Yellow horn strong adaptability, at places such as the mountain area of careless sand ground, abandoned land, many stone, loess hill and gullies, even on side, precipice can normal growth grow yellow horn be bioenergy plant, short owing to developing the time, current yellow horn low yield, at every mu about 600 kilograms, seriously constrains the development of yellow horn.

In order to improve the output of yellow horn, people attempt utilizing grafting to carry out plant improvement to yellow horn.At present for the grafting method of yellow horn, cut-grafting method, crown grafting (cortex grafting) and bud grafting method three kinds of grafting methods are usually adopted to improve the output of yellow horn.But, because existing grafting method is too simple, is difficult to the condition meeting yellow horn graft union growth needs, causes yellow horn graft survival rate very low, cannot accomplish scale production.

To the output increased of yellow horn in prior art, great majority adopt germination accelerating method or improve the output of yellow horn with the interplanting of other crops.If the patent No. is in " a kind of germination accelerating method of yellow horn " of 201310227879.9, yellow horn seed will be selected and be positioned in cotton cloth bag, steam 12 ~ 24h in environmental temperature 60 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, humidity 80% ~ 95% time heat; Naturally by the seed of process and water-loss reducer mix and blend after cooling, be then placed in container and use wet straw screen or mat covering, vernalization in the environment of 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, improves vernalization efficiency.The bad control of the temp. and humidity that but operates.The patent No. is " interplanting method of yellow horn, matrimony vine " of 201310232766.8, is improved the output of yellow horn by the interplanting of yellow horn and matrimony vine.For the grafting of yellow horn, also need to develop further.We are by providing a kind of grafting method both simply having had timesaving to improve yellow horn output.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of yellow horn grafting method, overcomes that the graft survival rate that prior art exists is low, the defect that cannot accomplish scale production.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provide a kind of yellow horn grafting method, it is characterized in that, comprises preparation process and grafting step;

Described preparation process comprises:

1), by the end of August at the beginning of 9 months to yellow horn stock tree and grafting tree heavy dressing fertilizer;

2), at yellow horn stock tree clip fringe bar kept moisture supply before one month, stop subsequently watering;

3), before clip fringe bar 4 ~ 5 days, to yellow horn stock tree and grafting tree spray foliage fertilizer;

4), grafting is front to grafting cutter, apparatus disinfection;

Described grafting step comprises:

1) grafting: clip fringe bar from yellow horn stock tree, select the one side that stock is straight, vertical incision from cross section, cut next wedge-shaped slot, deeply reach 2-4cm, more ready scion branch is cut the scion of getting and leaving two buds, long about 4cm, there is no the two sides of bud in its lower end, cut the scarf being about 2.5cm, bevel angle requirement will at about 30 °.After stock and scion cut, insert in stock otch rapidly, be close to the xylem of stock, aim at and form layer, make stock wedge-shaped slot form layer and form the concordant laminating of layer with fringe bar tapered end;

2) bondage: to the tight tighten of grafting part bag, keeps grafting part trunk temperature between 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C;

3) bleeding process and the process of elimination rejection: spray to grafting wound location with tpn 600 ~ 1000 times of dilutions after grafting, spray in 4 ~ 5 days once, connects spray three times; To tree body spray growth promoter 500 ~ 1000 times of dilutions after grafting, spray in 4 ~ 5 days once, connects spray three times;

4) cutting anvil except sprouting: after fringe bar survives, cutting off other branch on stock except scion in time;

5) water and fertilizer management: after grafting survival, the initial stage controls water in right amount.

In yellow horn grafting method of the present invention, in step 3) in, the noble concentration of copper is 800 times of dilutions.

In yellow horn grafting method of the present invention, in step 3) in, growth promoter concentration is 800 times of dilutions.

In yellow horn grafting method of the present invention, in step 3) in, described growth promoter is No. 1, green core gold, powerful root-growing agent or root-inducing powder.

Implement yellow horn grafting method of the present invention, compared with the prior art, its beneficial effect is:

1., by adopting cut-grafting grafting, bleeding process and eliminating a series of committed steps such as rejection process, graft survival rate is improved greatly, and survival rate reaches as high as 90%; Simple to operate, be easy to learning and mastering, can large-scale production be realized;

2., in grafting after improved seeds scion, the superior families garden of high yield, stable and high yields, high oil recovery, strong stress resistance can be obtained.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.

Preparation process and grafting step is comprised at yellow horn grafting method of the present invention.Wherein:

Preparation process comprises:

1, by the end of August at the beginning of 9 months to yellow horn stock tree and grafting tree heavy dressing fertilizer.This step can be fostered and apply fertilizer tree vigo(u)r, and make stock, fringe bar nutritious, sprout is full.

2, kept moisture supply before one month at yellow horn stock tree clip fringe bar, stop subsequently watering, in order to avoid because bleeding affects survival rate during grafting.

3, before clip fringe bar 4 ~ 5 days, to yellow horn stock tree and the general spray foliage fertilizer of grafting tree, make the inner nutrient allocation of its branch evenly, rationally, comprehensively.

4, grafting is front to grafting cutter, apparatus disinfection.

Grafting step comprises:

1), grafting: adopt cut-grafting grafting, clip fringe bar from yellow horn stock tree, select the one side that stock is straight, from cross section, vertical incision, cuts next wedge-shaped slot, deeply reaches 2-4cm, again ready scion branch is cut the scion of getting and leaving two buds, long about 4cm, do not have the two sides of bud in its lower end, cut the scarf being about 2.5cm, bevel angle requirement will at about 30 °.After stock and scion cut, insert in stock otch rapidly, be close to the xylem of stock, aim at and form layer, make stock wedge-shaped slot form layer and form the concordant laminating of layer with fringe bar tapered end;

2), bondage: to the tight tighten of grafting part bag, keep grafting part trunk temperature between 20 ~ 30 DEG C.This step reduces the moisture evaporation of stock, fringe bar, impels the contiguity of grafting part forming surface, is conducive to the healing of grafting part callus;

3), bleeding process and the process of elimination rejection: with tpn 600 ~ 1000 times of dilutions, (such as can adopt tpn 700 dilution, 800 times of dilutions, 900 times of dilutions etc.) is sprayed to grafting wound location after grafting, spray in 4 ~ 5 days once, connects spray three times; To the tree general spray growth promoter of body 500 ~ 1000 times of dilutions (such as can adopt growth promoter 600 times of dilutions, 800 times of dilutions, 900 times of dilutions etc.) after grafting, spray in 4 ~ 5 days once, connects spray three times, to promote that protoplasm flows, improve cell viability, increase survival rate.Growth promoter can adopt and include but not limited to No. 1, green core gold, powerful root-growing agent, root-inducing powder;

4), cutting anvil except sprouting: after fringe bar survives, cutting off other branch on stock except scion in time, make nutrient, moisture centralizedly supply fringe bar;

5), water and fertilizer management: after grafting survival, the initial stage controls water in right amount, to reduce bleeding.

Claims (2)

1. a yellow horn grafting method, is characterized in that, comprises preparation process and grafting step;

Described preparation process comprises:

1), by the end of August at the beginning of 9 months to yellow horn stock tree and grafting tree heavy dressing fertilizer;

2), at yellow horn stock tree clip fringe bar kept moisture supply before one month, stop subsequently watering;

3), before clip fringe bar 4 ~ 5 days, to yellow horn stock tree and the general spray foliage fertilizer of grafting tree;

4), grafting is front to grafting cutter, apparatus disinfection;

Described grafting step comprises:

1) grafting: clip fringe bar from yellow horn stock tree, select the one side that stock is straight, vertical incision from cross section, cut next wedge-shaped slot, deeply reach 2-4cm, more ready scion branch is cut the scion of getting and leaving two buds, long about 4cm, there is no the two sides of bud in its lower end, cut the scarf being about 2.5cm, bevel angle requirement will at about 30 °.After stock and scion cut, insert in stock otch rapidly, be close to the xylem of stock, aim at and form layer, make stock wedge-shaped slot form layer and form the concordant laminating of layer with fringe bar tapered end;

2) bondage: to the tight tighten of grafting part bag, keeps grafting part trunk temperature between 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C;

3) bleeding process and the process of elimination rejection: spray to grafting wound location with tpn 600 ~ 1000 times of dilutions after grafting, spray in 4 ~ 5 days once, connects spray three times; To the tree general spray growth promoter of body 500 ~ 1000 times of dilutions after grafting, spray in 4 ~ 5 days once, connects spray three times;

4) cutting anvil except sprouting: after fringe bar survives, cutting off other branch on stock except scion in time;

5) water and fertilizer management: after grafting survival, the initial stage controls water in right amount.

2. yellow horn grafting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 3) in, tpn concentration is 800 times of dilutions, and growth promoter concentration is 800 times of dilutions, and growth promoter is No. 1, green core gold, powerful root-growing agent or root-inducing powder.