CN105202806A - Ship cooling system and cooling method for composite using of LNG and refrigerating unit cold energy - Google Patents
Ship cooling system and cooling method for composite using of LNG and refrigerating unit cold energy Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical group OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种LNG与制冷机组冷能复合利用的船舶供冷***，供冷盘管的冷媒出口与第一三通阀连接，第一三通阀分别与制冷机组冷媒入口、第二三通阀、LNG换热器连接；制冷机组冷媒出口与第二三通阀连接；第二三通阀与第三三通阀及LNG换热器的冷媒入口连接；第三三通阀分别与供冷盘管的冷媒入口及LNG换热器冷媒出口连接；LNG储罐中的LNG通过LNG换热器吸热，经过LNG气化器气化，最终为LNG燃料发动机提供气体燃料。本发明在利用LNG气化吸热提供冷量的同时，还能根据LNG燃料发动机负载以及船舶冷量需求等不同情况，自由调节船舶冷量供应，既能达到节能的目的，又能解决冷量浪费或冷量供应不足的问题。
The invention relates to a ship cooling system for composite utilization of LNG and refrigeration unit cold energy. The refrigerant outlet of the cooling coil is connected with the first three-way valve, and the first three-way valve is respectively connected with the refrigerant inlet of the refrigeration unit and the second three-way valve. The valve and the LNG heat exchanger are connected; the refrigerant outlet of the refrigeration unit is connected to the second three-way valve; the second three-way valve is connected to the third three-way valve and the refrigerant inlet of the LNG heat exchanger; the third three-way valve is connected to the cooling The refrigerant inlet of the coil is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the LNG heat exchanger; the LNG in the LNG storage tank absorbs heat through the LNG heat exchanger, is vaporized by the LNG vaporizer, and finally provides gas fuel for the LNG fuel engine. The invention not only utilizes LNG gasification to absorb heat to provide cooling capacity, but also can freely adjust the cooling capacity supply of ships according to different conditions such as LNG fuel engine load and ship cooling capacity demand, which can not only achieve the purpose of energy saving, but also solve the problem of cooling capacity Problems with waste or insufficient cooling supply.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种船舶供冷***，具体来说，是一种LNG与制冷机组冷能复合利用的船舶供冷***及供冷方法，属于船舶供冷技术领域。The invention relates to a ship cooling system, in particular to a ship cooling system and a cooling method in which the cold energy of LNG and a refrigerating unit is combined and utilized, and belongs to the technical field of ship cooling.
背景技术Background technique
随着LNG在船舶发动机中的推广应用，一些利用LNG气化升温过程中释放的冷能进行制冷的技术和***被相继开发，提高了船舶的节能水平。但常规LNG冷能利用***中，由于LNG释放冷量的大小取决于与船舶发动机的运行工况，发动机输出功率越大，所需LNG越多，产生冷量也越多，反之则越少；而船舶对冷量的需求取决于船舶冷藏货物或船员食物的保鲜需求，往往不与发动机运行状况一致，因此经常会造成冷量浪费或冷量供应不足。With the popularization and application of LNG in marine engines, some technologies and systems that use the cold energy released during the gasification and heating process of LNG for refrigeration have been developed successively, which has improved the energy saving level of ships. However, in the conventional LNG cold energy utilization system, since the amount of cold released by LNG depends on the operating conditions of the ship engine, the greater the output power of the engine, the more LNG is required, and the more cold is generated, and vice versa; The ship's demand for cooling capacity depends on the freshness of the ship's refrigerated cargo or the crew's food, which is often not consistent with the engine's operating conditions, which often results in waste of cooling capacity or insufficient cooling capacity.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是：提供一种LNG与制冷机组冷能复合利用的船舶供冷***，在利用LNG气化吸热提供冷量的同时，还能根据LNG燃料发动机负载以及船舶冷量需求等不同情况，自由调节船舶冷量供应，既能达到节能的目的，又能解决冷量浪费或冷量供应不足的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ship cooling system for composite utilization of LNG and refrigerating unit cold energy. While using LNG gasification to absorb heat to provide cooling capacity, it can also be used according to the different LNG fuel engine loads and ship cooling capacity requirements. According to the situation, free adjustment of the ship's cooling supply can not only achieve the purpose of energy saving, but also solve the problem of cooling waste or insufficient cooling supply.
本发明采取以下技术方案：The present invention takes the following technical solutions:
一种LNG与制冷机组冷能复合利用的船舶供冷***，包括LNG储罐1、LNG换热器2、LNG气化器3、LNG燃料发动机4、制冷机组5、供冷盘管6；所述供冷盘管6的冷媒出口与第一三通阀7连接，所述第一三通阀7分别与制冷机组5冷媒入口、第二三通阀8、LNG换热器2连接；所述制冷机组5冷媒出口与第二三通阀8连接；所述第二三通阀8与第三三通阀9及LNG换热器2的冷媒入口连接；所述第三三通阀9分别与供冷盘管6的冷媒入口及LNG换热器2冷媒出口连接；所述LNG储罐1中的LNG通过LNG换热器2吸热，经过LNG气化器3气化，最终为LNG燃料发动机4提供气体燃料。A ship cooling system for composite utilization of LNG and refrigeration unit cold energy, comprising LNG storage tank 1, LNG heat exchanger 2, LNG vaporizer 3, LNG fuel engine 4, refrigeration unit 5, and cooling coil 6; The refrigerant outlet of the cooling coil 6 is connected to the first three-way valve 7, and the first three-way valve 7 is respectively connected to the refrigerant inlet of the refrigeration unit 5, the second three-way valve 8, and the LNG heat exchanger 2; The refrigerant outlet of the refrigerating unit 5 is connected to the second three-way valve 8; the second three-way valve 8 is connected to the third three-way valve 9 and the refrigerant inlet of the LNG heat exchanger 2; the third three-way valve 9 is respectively connected to The refrigerant inlet of the cooling coil 6 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the LNG heat exchanger 2; the LNG in the LNG storage tank 1 absorbs heat through the LNG heat exchanger 2, is vaporized by the LNG vaporizer 3, and finally becomes an LNG fuel engine 4 Provide gas fuel.
进一步的，所述供冷盘管6是冷藏盘管，用于对船上的食物进行冷藏保鲜。Further, the cooling coil 6 is a refrigerating coil, which is used to refrigerate and keep food on board.
进一步的，所述供冷盘管6同时提供冷藏冷量与舱室空调冷量。Further, the cooling coil 6 provides cooling capacity for refrigeration and cabin air conditioning at the same time.
进一步的，所述船舶供冷***的循环冷媒是乙二醇，所述制冷机组的循环冷媒是氟利昂。Further, the circulating refrigerant of the ship cooling system is ethylene glycol, and the circulating refrigerant of the refrigerating unit is Freon.
一种上述的船舶供冷***的供冷方法，包括以下三种状态条件：A cooling method for the above-mentioned ship cooling system, including the following three state conditions:
A)当LNG燃料发动机4运行、且船舶冷藏冷量需求较大时：调节第一三通阀7、第二三通阀8、第三三通阀9，使流出供冷盘管6的冷媒流入制冷机组5放热降温，经第二三通阀8流入LNG换热器2进一步放热降温，经第三三通阀9流入供冷盘管6的冷媒入口，为供冷盘管6提供冷量；A) When the LNG fuel engine 4 is running and the ship has a large demand for refrigerated cooling capacity: adjust the first three-way valve 7, the second three-way valve 8, and the third three-way valve 9 to make the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling coil 6 It flows into the refrigeration unit 5 to release heat and cool down, flows into the LNG heat exchanger 2 through the second three-way valve 8 to further release heat and cool down, and flows into the refrigerant inlet of the cooling coil 6 through the third three-way valve 9 to provide cooling for the cooling coil 6 Cooling capacity;
B)当LNG燃料发动机4运行、且船舶冷藏冷量需求较小时：调节第一三通阀7、第二三通阀8、第三三通阀9，使流出供冷盘管6的冷媒经第一三通阀7直接流入LNG换热器2)放热降温，经第三三通阀9流入供冷盘管6)的冷媒入口，为供冷盘管6提供冷量；B) When the LNG fuel engine 4 is running and the cooling capacity demand of the ship is small: adjust the first three-way valve 7, the second three-way valve 8, and the third three-way valve 9, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling coil 6 passes through The first three-way valve 7 directly flows into the LNG heat exchanger 2) to release heat and cool down, and flows into the refrigerant inlet of the cooling coil 6) through the third three-way valve 9 to provide cooling capacity for the cooling coil 6;
C)当LNG燃料发动机4不运行时，调节第一三通阀7、第二三通阀8、第三三通阀9，使流出供冷盘管6的冷媒经第一三通阀7流入制冷机组5放热降温，经第二三通阀8、第三三通阀9直接流入供冷盘管6的冷媒入口，为供冷盘管6提供冷量。C) When the LNG fuel engine 4 is not running, adjust the first three-way valve 7, the second three-way valve 8, and the third three-way valve 9, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling coil 6 flows in through the first three-way valve 7 The refrigerating unit 5 releases heat and cools down, and directly flows into the refrigerant inlet of the cooling coil 6 through the second three-way valve 8 and the third three-way valve 9 to provide cooling capacity for the cooling coil 6 .
进一步的，状态A)条件下，根据LNG燃料发动机4的运行负载，调节制冷机组5的制冷功率。Further, under the condition of state A), the cooling power of the refrigeration unit 5 is adjusted according to the operating load of the LNG fuel engine 4 .
本发明的有益效果在于：在利用LNG气化吸热提供冷量的同时，还能根据LNG燃料发动机负载以及船舶冷量需求等不同情况，自由调节船舶冷量供应，既能达到节能的目的，又能解决冷量浪费或冷量供应不足的问题。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that while using LNG gasification to absorb heat to provide cooling capacity, it can also freely adjust the cooling capacity supply of ships according to different situations such as LNG fuel engine load and ship cooling capacity demand, which can not only achieve the purpose of energy saving, It can also solve the problem of cooling waste or insufficient cooling supply.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明LNG与制冷机组冷能复合利用的船舶供冷***的结构图。Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a ship cooling system for composite utilization of cold energy of LNG and refrigeration units according to the present invention.
图中，1.LNG储罐，2.LNG换热器，3.LNG气化器，4.LNG燃料发动机，5.制冷机组，6、供冷盘管，7.第一三通阀，8.第二三通阀，9.第三三通阀。In the figure, 1. LNG storage tank, 2. LNG heat exchanger, 3. LNG vaporizer, 4. LNG fuel engine, 5. Refrigeration unit, 6. Cooling coil, 7. First three-way valve, 8 . The second three-way valve, 9. The third three-way valve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
参见图1，本发明提供一种复合利用LNG和氟利昂制冷剂冷能的***，可根据冷量需求和发动机的运行工况灵活调节冷量的供给，既可充分利用LNG的冷能，又能保证冷量用户的需求得到持续满足。Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a system for combined utilization of cooling energy of LNG and freon refrigerants, which can flexibly adjust the supply of cooling capacity according to the demand for cooling capacity and the operating conditions of the engine, which can not only make full use of the cooling energy of LNG, but also can Ensure that the needs of cooling users are continuously met.
本发明主要包括LNG储罐1，LNG换热器2，LNG气化器3，LNG燃料发动机4，氟利昂制冷剂机组，冷藏舱盘管和阀等。The invention mainly includes an LNG storage tank 1, an LNG heat exchanger 2, an LNG vaporizer 3, an LNG fuel engine 4, a freon refrigerant unit, a refrigerated cabin coil, valves, and the like.
当发动机全负荷运转，且船上冷量需求较大时，氟利昂制冷剂机组启动运行，通过调整各阀的开闭位置，使从冷藏盘管流出的高温氟利昂制冷剂先经过氟利昂制冷剂机组初步降温，再经过LNG换热器二次降温，吸收足够冷量后进入冷藏盘管进行制冷；When the engine is running at full load and the cooling demand on board is large, the Freon refrigerant unit starts to run. By adjusting the opening and closing positions of each valve, the high-temperature Freon refrigerant flowing out of the refrigerating coil first passes through the Freon refrigerant unit for initial cooling. , and then through the LNG heat exchanger for secondary cooling, after absorbing enough cold energy, it enters the refrigeration coil for refrigeration;
当发动机全负荷运转，而船上冷量需求较小时，关闭氟利昂制冷剂机组，同时调节各阀的开闭位置，使从冷藏盘管流出的氟利昂制冷剂直接流入LNG换热器，吸收LNG的冷能，然后进入冷藏盘管制冷；When the engine is running at full load and the cooling demand on board is small, turn off the freon refrigerant unit and adjust the opening and closing positions of each valve at the same time, so that the freon refrigerant flowing out of the refrigerating coil directly flows into the LNG heat exchanger to absorb the cold of LNG energy, then enters the refrigerated coil for cooling;
当发动机以较低负荷运转或不运转，且船上冷量需求较大时，启动氟利昂制冷剂机组，同时调节其***压力，使机组完全发挥制冷效果，同时调节各阀的开闭位置，使从冷藏盘管流出的氟利昂制冷剂流入氟利昂制冷剂机组，经降温后直接流入冷藏盘管而不经过LNG换热器。When the engine is running at a lower load or not running, and the cooling capacity demand on board is large, start the Freon refrigerant unit and adjust its system pressure at the same time to make the unit fully exert the cooling effect, and at the same time adjust the opening and closing positions of each valve so that The freon refrigerant flowing out of the refrigerating coil flows into the freon refrigerant unit, and after being cooled down, it directly flows into the refrigerating coil without passing through the LNG heat exchanger.
本发明在利用LNG气化吸热提供冷量的同时，还能根据LNG燃料发动机负载以及船舶冷量需求等不同情况，自由调节船舶冷量供应，既能达到节能的目的，又能解决冷量浪费或冷量供应不足的问题。The invention not only utilizes LNG gasification to absorb heat to provide cooling capacity, but also can freely adjust the cooling capacity supply of ships according to different conditions such as LNG fuel engine load and ship cooling capacity demand, which can not only achieve the purpose of energy saving, but also solve the problem of cooling capacity Problems with waste or insufficient cooling supply.
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| CN108151354A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-06-12 | 浙江海洋大学 | Liquified natural gas powered ship refrigerating plant and refrigerating method |
| CN109159883A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 | A kind of sea nuclear power flat reaction heap cabin refrigeration system |
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| CN110091690A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-06 | 杭州紫明冷链科技有限责任公司 | LNG Cold Chain Logistics vehicle cold energy recycle system |
| CN111409809A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-14 | 武彦峰 | Comprehensive system and method for keeping freshness of ships using L NG power and cold energy |
| CN112429190A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-02 | 青岛科技大学 | Energy-saving system for improving temperature of cargo hold of container ship by using LNG cold energy |
| CN114034094A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-11 | 江苏中圣高科技产业有限公司 | A system of cryogenic source cold energy used for air-conditioning cooling |
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| CN111409809A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-14 | 武彦峰 | Comprehensive system and method for keeping freshness of ships using L NG power and cold energy |
| CN112429190A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-02 | 青岛科技大学 | Energy-saving system for improving temperature of cargo hold of container ship by using LNG cold energy |
| CN114034094A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-11 | 江苏中圣高科技产业有限公司 | A system of cryogenic source cold energy used for air-conditioning cooling |
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