CN104778765B - 移动访问控制***和方法 - Google Patents

移动访问控制***和方法 Download PDF

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CN104778765B
CN104778765B CN201510086139.7A CN201510086139A CN104778765B CN 104778765 B CN104778765 B CN 104778765B CN 201510086139 A CN201510086139 A CN 201510086139A CN 104778765 B CN104778765 B CN 104778765B
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security system
access door
access
portable radio
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CN104778765A (zh
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L·欧阳
S·易
C·陈
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Honeywell International Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00571—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by interacting with a central unit
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/27—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass with central registration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/14—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using a plurality of keys or algorithms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/30—Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/24—Key scheduling, i.e. generating round keys or sub-keys for block encryption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/80—Wireless
    • H04L2209/805—Lightweight hardware, e.g. radio-frequency identification [RFID] or sensor

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  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及移动访问控制***和方法。一种装置，包括安全区域的访问门；控制通过所述门到所述安全区域中的访问的锁；耦合到所述锁的控制器；接近所述门的便携式无线设备，所述便携式无线设备从所述门无线地取得标识符，将所述门的标识符和携带所述便携式无线设备的人员的个人标识符无线传送到所述控制器，所述控制器将所接收的个人标识符与授权进入所述安全区域的人员的标识符列表进行比较，确定所接收的个人标识符匹配所述标识符列表的标识符并且激活所述锁以允许所述人员实体进入到所述安全区域中。

Description

移动访问控制***和方法
技术领域
本领域涉及安全区域，以及更特别地涉及访问安全区域的方法。
背景技术
用于安全区域保护的安全***是已知的。这样的***通常依靠围绕具有一个和多个门户(例如，门、窗等)的安全区域的围墙或围挡，所述门户允许被授权人员到安全区域中的访问。
每个门户可以具有连接到门或窗的传感器(例如，限位开关)，其检测由入侵者对门或窗的打开。传感器可由本地控制面板来监控。在激活传感器之一时，控制面板可激活本地警报，所述本地警报向安全区域内的人员通知威胁。
控制面板可包括控制对安全***进行装备和解除装备的用户接口。用户接口可位于控制面板上或接近安全区域的入口。
为了避免假警报，控制面板可具有内置延迟，所述内置延迟在检测到门或窗的打开之后和警报的激活之前开始。这种延迟可由被授权人员用来通过用户接口对安全***解除装备。
在更复杂的安全***中，被授权用户可使用访问卡连同读卡器来既打开门又使安全***不激活。然而，访问卡可能是复制的且读卡器会受到犯罪分子的损坏。因此，需要更好的方法以允许被授权人员到安全区域中的访问。
附图说明
图1是根据所说明的实施例一般地示出的安全***的方框图。
图2描绘了图1的***的门；以及
图3是可以由图1的***使用的步骤的流程图。
具体实施方式
尽管实施例可采用许多不同的形式，但其具体实施例在附图中被示出，并且将在本文被详细描述，具有的理解是，本公开将被认为是对本文的原理的示范，以及实践该原理的最佳形式。不意图对所说明的具体实施例进行限制。
图1是根据所说明的实施例一般地示出的安全***10。安全***内所包括的可以是保护安全区域12的多个传感器14、16。
位于沿着安全区域的周边的可以是一个或多个门18，其提供了被授权人员到安全区域中的访问和从安全区域的外出。所述门可以由一个或多个传感器所监控。
所述传感器可以由控制面板20所监控。在激活传感器之一时，控制面板可以发送警报消息给中央监控站32，中央监控站可通过召唤警察来进行响应。
包括在控制面板内的可以是一个或多个处理器装置(处理器)22、24，每个处理器在从非临时性计算机可读介质(存储器)30加载的一个或多个计算机程序26、28的控制下进行操作。如在本文内对程序步骤的参考也是对执行该步骤的处理器的参考。
在正常操作期间，警报面板的一个或多个警报处理器可监控每个传感器的状态。在激活传感器之一时，警报处理器可构成警报消息，该警报消息包括传感器的标识符、警报***的标识符和时间。所构成的消息进而被发送到中央监控站。
警报面板还可控制被授权人员经由一个或多个门到安全区域中的访问。警报面板(或门)的访问处理器可控制位于门上或与门相关联的一个或多个访问控制子***34。访问控制子***的特征之一是门附近的收发器，所述收发器检测由被授权人员携带的便携式无线设备46。访问处理器可通过子***的收发器从无线设备接收信息，该信息确认门和被授权用户的身份。在确认身份时，访问处理器可激活门上的电操作锁，以便打开门。访问处理器还可取消由该门的打开所激活的任何警报。
图2是门和访问控制子***的简化方框图。访问控制子***可包括本地现场控制面板36、门传感开关38、出口按钮40、电子触击锁控制部42、NFC标签44、NFC移动端46和无线访问点48。在这方面，现场控制面板36可被并入图1的警报面板20中或可以是图2中所示的单独的面板。类似地，门传感器38检测门的打开，并且是单独的传感器或者可以是图1中所示出的传感器14、16的组中的一个。
电子触击装置可以是电操作锁。电子触击装置的激活允许人员进入(或离开)安全区域。
出口按钮可以位于安全区域内部，且可以由安全区域内部的被授权人员所使用以便离开。出口按钮的激活可以激活门锁。
NFC标签是由NFC论坛所定义的近场通信(NFC)标签。替代地，NFC标签可以是射频识别标签(RFID)卡。替代地，NFC标签可以是使用NFC协议的RFID卡。NFC标签可以被嵌入或以其他方式隐藏在门框或接近门的其他位置内。
NFC标签包含了包括门和安全***的编码标识符的数据文件。安全***的标识符可以是IP地址。使用一个或多个公钥和私钥来加密该数据文件。
NFC移动端可以是能够激活NFC标签的任意便携式无线设备。NFC移动端可以是手机、智能电话、PDA或便携式计算机。
在所说明的实施例内，便携式无线设备包括在便携式无线设备内的访问请求处理器上执行的访问程序。所述访问程序(处理器)进行操作以与访问控制子***交换信息，以便获得对安全区域的访问。为发起到安全区域中的访问，被授权用户可激活设备屏幕上示出的访问按钮。
作为响应，无线设备发送无线进入请求消息或信号46给NFC卡。无线信号可包括无线设备的标识符或无线设备和安全***的标识符。所述信号由NFC卡所接收并提供功率给NFC卡。在一个优选实施例中，NFC卡仅将加密文件发送回到无线设备。在一个更优选的实施例内，NFC卡中的处理器将安全***的标识符或安全***和用户的标识符与一个或多个被授权的标识符进行比较。如果一个或多个标识符匹配，则所述NFC卡将加密文件发送回到无线设备。
在一个特别优选的实施例内，便携式无线设备在由NFC论坛定义的读/写器模式下进行操作。在这个实施例内，访问请求消息和加密文件的返回可以在请求的预定NFC协议和由NFC论坛的规范所定义的响应消息下发生。
位于无线设备内的是包含了一个和多个公钥和私钥的文件，所述一个和多个公钥和私钥可由便携式设备内的访问处理器或单独的解码处理器所使用以解码所接收到的加密文件。所述访问处理器使用一个或多个公钥和私钥来解密该文件以恢复门和安全***的标识符。
一旦访问处理器具有门标识符和安全***的标识符，无线设备的通信处理器构成包括用户的标识符、门的标识符和安全***的标识符的访问请求。无线标识符通过无线访问点发送访问请求到控制器36(或20)的对应访问认证处理器。
访问认证处理器可解码访问请求并首先确认来自便携式设备的安全***标识符匹配安全***的标识符，并且该用户的标识符是安全***的被授权用户。处理器可通过将请求人员的标识符与位于处理器的存储器内的被授权人员的列表进行比较来进行此操作。所述处理器还可再次通过将该标识符与门标识符的列表进行匹配来确认门标识符是安全***的一部分。
在确认安全***和门标识符以及无线设备的用户是被授权用户时，访问认证处理器可构成并发送激活消息给锁42。在接收到消息时，该锁可以打开门并且用户可以进入安全区域。
通常，***包括安全区域的访问门；控制通过该门到安全区域中的访问的锁；耦合到该锁的控制器；接近该门的便携式无线设备，该便携式无线设备从该门无线地取得标识符，将门的标识符和携带该便携式无线设备的人员的个人标识符无线传送到控制器，该控制器将所接收的个人标识符与授权进入安全区域的人员的标识符列表进行比较，确定所接收的个人标识符匹配标识符列表的标识符并且激活该锁以允许该人员实体进入到安全区域中。
替代地，所述***包括保护安全区域的安全***；安全区域的访问门；控制通过该门到安全区域中的访问的锁；耦合到该锁的控制器；包含该门的标识符的持久位于该访问门附近的射频识别(RFID)卡；便携式无线设备，该便携式无线设备直接从该RFID卡无线恢复该门的标识符；无线访问端口，其中该便携式无线设备通过该无线访问端口将该门的标识符和携带该便携式无线设备的人员的个人标识符无线传送到控制器，该控制器将所接收的个人标识符与授权进入安全区域的人员的标识符列表进行比较，确定所接收的个人标识符匹配标识符列表的标识符并且激活该锁以允许该人员实体进入到安全区域中。
根据前述内容，将注意到的是，可在不脱离本文的精神和范围的情况下实现许多变形和修改。要理解的是，不意图或应当推断出相对于本文所说明的具体装置的限制。当然，意图由所附权利要求覆盖落入权利要求的范围内的所有这种修改。

Claims (13)

1.一种安全***，用于提供实体进入安全区域，包括：
安全区域的访问门；
控制通过所述访问门进入所述安全区域的锁；
耦合到所述锁的控制器；
包含所述访问门的标识符和所述安全***的标识符的持久位于所述访问门附近的射频识别卡；
便携式无线设备，当其接近所述访问门时，响应于激活所述便携式无线设备的屏幕上的访问按钮发送无线进入请求消息或信号给所述射频识别卡，其中所述无线进入请求消息或信号包括所述便携式无线设备的标识符和所述安全***的标识符；以及
所述射频识别卡内的处理器，其将所述便携式无线设备的标识符和所述安全***的标识符与一个或多个第一授权标识符进行比较，并且如果所述便携式无线设备的标识符和所述安全***的标识符均与所述一个或多个第一授权标识符相匹配，则将包括所述安全***的标识符和所述安全门的标识符的加密文件无线地发送回到无线设备，
其中所述便携式无线设备从所述加密文件中对所述访问门的标识符和所述安全***的标识符进行解码，并将包括所述访问门的标识符，所述安全***的标识符以及与所述便携式无线设备相关联的个人标识符的访问请求无线地传送到所述控制器的访问处理器，以及
其中所述控制器的所述访问处理器对所述访问请求进行解码，将所述个人标识符与第二授权标识符的列表进行比较以用于访问所述安全区域，确定所述个人标识符与第二授权标识符的列表上的一个或多个第二授权标识符相匹配，通过将所述访问门的标识符与门标识符的列表进行匹配来确认作为所述安全***的一部分的访问门的标识符，并且向所述锁发送激活消息以激活所述锁，从而响应于确认所述安全***的标识符、所述访问门的标识符和个人标识符而允许实体上进入所述安全区域中。
2.如权利要求1的安全***，进一步包括将所述便携式无线设备连接到所述控制器的无线访问点。
3.如权利要求1的安全***，其中所述便携式无线设备使用近场通信协议来与所述射频识别卡交换信息并恢复所述访问门的标识符和所述安全***的标识符。
4.如权利要求3的安全***，进一步包括所述便携式无线设备的解密处理器，其使用一个或多个加密密钥来解密所述加密文件。
5.如权利要求1的安全***，其中所述射频识别卡被嵌入在所述访问门的门框中。
6.一种安全***，用于提供实体进入安全区域，包括：
安全区域的访问门；
控制通过所述访问门到所述安全区域中的访问的锁；
耦合到所述锁的控制器；以及
永久地位于所述访问门附近的射频单元，其包含所述访问门的标识符和所述安全***的标识符; 邻近所述访问门的便携式无线设备，所述便携式无线设备响应于激活所述便携式无线设备的屏幕上的访问按钮，向所述射频单元发送无线进入请求消息或信号，其中所述无线进入请求消息或信号包括所述便携式无线设备的标识符和所述安全***的标识符；和 所述射频单元内的处理器，其将所述便携式无线设备的标识符和所述安全***的标识符与一个或多个第一授权标识符进行比较，并且如果所述便携式无线设备的标识符和所述安全***的标识符二者均匹配所述一个或多个第一授权标识符，则将包括所述安全***的标识符和所述访问门的标识符的加密文件无线地发送回在所述访问门附近的所述便携式无线设备， 其中所述便携式无线设备从所述加密文件中检索所述访问门的标识符和所述安全***的标识符，无线地传送包括所述访问门的标识符、所述安全***的标识符以及与所述便携式无线设备相关联的个人标识符的访问请求到所述控制器的访问处理器，以及其中所述控制器的所述访问处理器解码所述访问请求，将所述个人标识符与用于访问所述安全区域的第二授权标识符的列表进行比较，确定所述个人标识符与所述第二授权列表上的所述第二授权标识符中的一个或多个第二授权标识符相匹配，通过将所述访问门的标识符与门标识符的列表进行匹配来确认作为安全***的一部分的访问门的标识符，并且向所述锁发送激活消息以激活所述锁，从而响应于确认所述安全***的标识符、所述访问门的标识符和个人标识符而允许实体上进入所述安全区域。
7.如权利要求6的安全***，其中所述射频单元包括位于所述访问门附近的射频识别卡，其提供所述访问门的标识符和所述安全***的标识符给所述便携式无线设备。
8.如权利要求7的安全***，其中所述射频识别卡包括包含所述访问门的标识符和所述安全***的标识符的加密文件。
9.如权利要求8的安全***，其中所述射频识别卡包括近场通信卡。
10.如权利要求9的安全***，进一步包括所述便携式无线设备的处理器，其在近场通信协议下操作。
11.如权利要求10的安全***，其中所述便携式无线设备包括保存在所述便携式无线设备的存储器中的一个或多个私有加密密钥或者公共和私有加密密钥。
12.如权利要求11的安全***，进一步包括解密密钥，所述解密密钥对来自所述加密文件的所述访问门的标识符和所述安全***的标识符进行解码。
13.如权利要求6的安全***，进一步包括将所述便携式无线设备连接到所述控制器的无线访问点。
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