CN104568743B - Testing device for vertical bonding strength of ice layers on surface of material and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Testing device for vertical bonding strength of ice layers on surface of material and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104568743B CN104568743B CN201510018125.1A CN201510018125A CN104568743B CN 104568743 B CN104568743 B CN 104568743B CN 201510018125 A CN201510018125 A CN 201510018125A CN 104568743 B CN104568743 B CN 104568743B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device for the vertical bonding strength of ice layers on the surface of a material and a testing method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: firstly preparing the ice layers with equal volume and equal contact area by utilizing a conical drum in the testing device, and then peeling the ice layers by utilizing a drawing device to lift the conical drum; reading the maximum normal force in the peeling process and representing the vertical bonding strength of the ice layers on the surface of the material by utilizing the ratio of the maximum normal force to the contact area of the ice layers and a sample. The testing device and the testing method disclosed by the invention can be used for testing the vertical bonding strength of the ice layers on the surfaces of multiple materials, coating layers and natural organisms and on the surface of a special wettability sample, provides a simple and effective evaluation method and means for material and coating-layer selection and the surface modification technology in engineering and also provides a good representation means for scientific research simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of be used for metal material, coating, natural biologic material surface and special wettable surfaces' ice
A kind of test device of layer intensity, and in particular to the test device and its method of testing of the vertical bond strength of material surface ice sheet.
Background technology
In nature, icing is a kind of beautiful natural landscape, can give people class and bring visual enjoyment, but also can Jing
The daily life and Practical Project for often giving people brings inconvenience, or even disaster.Such as power system, the naked aluminum of high voltage overhead transmission of electricity are led
Line occurs icing phenomenon under certain atmospheric environment.When transmission pressure icing is serious, line tripping, wire will occur
Wave, the disaster such as rupture of line, conveying tower are collapsed, insulator arc-over and communication disruption.Aircraft surfaces different parts freeze will
Aerodynamic quality variation, aircraft severe vibration are caused, pilot's line of vision, interference communication is hindered or is caused communication disruption etc., dropped
The security performances such as the maneuverability of low flight machine, stability, directly threaten the flight safety of aircraft.At present, the anti-icing of every field is arranged
Many kinds have been applied, wherein the more conventional matrix surface that is included in coats antiicing coating, using less with ice sheet bond strength
Material carries out special handling as matrix and in material surface so as to which the ice sheet bond strength on surface reduces.Therefore study material
Material surface ice sheet bond strength is very important.
Mainly have with regard to the report of the method for testing of material surface ice sheet bond strength both at home and abroad at present：U.S.'s cold district
Research And Engineering tests ASTMD3528-96 (2002) testing standard, devises double-test-piece and overlaps tangential force test method, is used for
Evaluate the bonding strength of material surface and ice；United States Army Corps of Engineers and cold district research engineering laboratory are proposed at present
Measurement shearing and normal direction peel strength after the hollow drum ice making for generally adopting, peel off coreless cup using normal direction and tangential thrust
In ice and surface to be measured power characterize material surface ice bond strength；" a kind of testing ice cover or coating combine strong domestic patent
The device of degree "（ZL200920001291.0）" a kind of examination of measurement anchoring strength of coating proposed based on patent CN1321881A
Test " method, using extruding and tensile test specimens surface and the normal force of ice of conical surface cavity volume and blocking；Domestic patent
201110115608.5 devise a kind of test device to ice shear adhesive strength, and the assay device is titrated in material surface
Water droplet, is freezed to sample by the refrigeration unit of sample bottom, after its fully charge, using the sliding knife above material
It is mobile that surface convex ice is peeled off, the maximum peeling force for measuring is read by ergometer.The material surface reported more than summarizing at present
The method of testing and device of ice sheet bond strength, subject matter have：（1）Equipment is complicated, and test elements are more, and test error is big；
（2）Testing time is long, and cost of manufacture is big；（3）Test narrow application range, practicality are little.
The content of the invention
Some problems that existing surface ice sheet adhesion strength testing method and apparatus is present for more than, the purpose of the present invention
Be provide one kind have simplicity, it is quick, repeatable it is strong, suitable for multiple material（Or coating）Surface and special wettability material
The ice sheet on material surface vertically combines strength testing device and its method of testing.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of survey of the vertical bond strength of material surface ice sheet
Trial assembly is put, mainly by upper cover plate, lower cover, secured adjusted device, locating connector, refrigeration unit, stretching attachment means, company
Connection device, stretching device, auxiliary gasket ring, tapered cylinder, sample cover plate, sample fixation screw bolt and support bar；It is characterized in that：Institute
The two pieces of cover plates up and down for stating test device are connected by secured adjusted device, and lower cover is fixed by locating connector and made
Cold unit, is provided with sample to be tested on refrigeration unit；The stretching attachment means and attachment means connection, attachment means and stretching
Device connects, and stretching device connects tapered cylinder, tapered cylinder and the connection of sample cover plate, sample cover plate lower end by aiding in gasket ring
It is provided with sample to be tested；The sample fixation screw bolt is fixedly connected sample cover plate by upper cover plate, and they sup-port is entirely tested
Device.
The method of the invention prepares the ice sheet of the contacts area such as equal-volume first with the tapered cylinder in measurement apparatus,
Then lift tapered cylinder using stretching device to peel off ice sheet；The normal force of maximum in stripping process is read, by the value and ice
Layer bond strength vertical with the ratio of the contact area of sample sign material surface ice sheet.This method is using contact surfaces such as equal-volumes
Long-pending ice sheet, efficient and controllable refrigeration unit surface temperature, therefore test repeatability can ensure, and easy to operate, test
Speed is fast；The method of testing of the vertical bond strength of a kind of material surface ice sheet, it is characterised in that method and step is as follows：
（1）Processing sample to be tested, it is ensured that the surface depth of parallelism；
（2）The sample to be tested for processing is placed on refrigeration unit, and adds sample cover plate, it is solid with sample fixation screw bolt
It is fixed, it is ensured that sample to be tested lower surface is in close contact refrigeration unit；
（3）Relative position between stretching device and tapered cylinder is adjusted, cupping machine is opened, tapered cylinder is slowly risen
After playing certain altitude, cupping machine force value data are reset, is then declined, is allowed tapered cylinder to fall on testing sample surface naturally；
（4）Refrigeration unit is opened, and starts timing, quantitative water is injected in tapered cylinder with syringe after 10s, wait to bore
In shape cylinder, water freezing completely, forms ice sheet；
（5）After fixed a period of time, cupping machine is opened, tapered cylinder is lifted by stretching device, the ice that will be formed
Layer is peeled off with sample to be tested, characterizes material with the ratio of tapered cylinder bottom surface inner circle area by the maximum normal force that ergometer shows
The vertical bond strength of material surface ice sheet.
It is of the present invention（5）Middle fixed a period of time reaches pre-customized for water formation ice sheet and refrigeration unit in tapered cylinder
Time period of certain time point after cold temperature for terminal.
The ice sheet formed by sample to be tested surface of the present invention is coniform.
Lower cover of the present invention is connected on cupping machine test platform by support bar.
Stretching device of the present invention is connected on tension test machine power induction apparatuss by attachment means are stretched.
Of the present invention to lift tapered cylinder by stretching device, the maximum normal force for peeling off sample to be tested surface ice sheet can
Read by the power induction apparatuss of cupping machine.
Refrigeration unit of the present invention by automatic temperature controller, the cryogenic temperature of the cold unit upper surface of precise control,
Cryogenic temperature is adjustable between -30 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C.
It is of the present invention（3）In, digital display pulling force evaluation is reset after tapered cylinder is raised, tapered cylinder, auxiliary mat is excluded
Impact of the gravity of ring, stretching device, attachment means and stretching attachment means to test result.
It is of the present invention（5）In, tapered cylinder base area takes tapered cylinder bottom surface inner circle area.
Material used by device tapered cylinder of the present invention and sample cover plate is PFTE, has good insulation effect.
Device tapered cylinder of the present invention adopts conical design, and the internal face of low side ice sheet part passes through material list
The method of face micro structure regulation and control changes its wettability, shows hydrophilic.
Above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention, has following difference relative to the technology of existing material surface ice sheet bond strength
Point：（1）In experimental provision, refrigeration unit freezes to sample to be tested, takes control refrigeration unit upper surface temperature, similar to control
Ambient temperature, highlights sample to be tested anti-ice attribute inherently, tests more efficient, truly, is easy to scientific research, and
High cooling efficiency, test period are short.（2）The control of refrigeration unit upper surface temperature adopts dynamic equilibrium heat preserving mode, it is to avoid
Ice sheet is carried out vertically with reference to during strength test, because departing from refrigerating environment and the thawing of caused ice sheet, experimental result is produced larger
Impact；（3）In device, tapered cylinder and fixed cover plate all employ PFTE materials, with good insulation effect, overcome
The drawbacks of metallic cylinder ice making used by conventional cylinder ice making is easily influenced by ambient temperature.（4）Tapered cylinder adopts conical design,
Can be good at ice sheet is peeled off with sample to be tested, and the internal face of tapered cylinder low side ice sheet part is micro- by material surface
The method of structure regulating changes its wettability, shows hydrophilic, can test the material surface on different wetting surface, expand survey
Examination scope, and test result is more accurate.（5）Ice sheet of the device using contacts area such as tapered cylinder device equal-volumes, will
In record stripping process, maximum normal force characterizes material surface ice sheet vertical junction with the ratio of tapered cylinder bottom surface inner circle area
Intensity is closed, error is little, test data reliability, repeated strong.
It is an advantage of the invention that：Can be used for multiple material, coating and natural biological surface and special wettability sample table
The ice sheet in face vertically combines strength test, in engineering, material, coating are selected and process for modifying surface is provided and simply, effectively commented
Valency ways and means, while also providing good characterization method for scientific research.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of test device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that specimen surface ice sheet of the present invention vertically combines strength test schematic diagram.
1st, upper cover plate, 2, lower cover, 3, secured adjusted device, 4, locating connector, 5, refrigeration unit, 6, stretching connection
Device, 7, attachment means, 8, stretching device, 9, auxiliary gasket ring, 10, tapered cylinder, 11, sample cover plate, 12, sample fixation screw
Bolt, 13, support bar, 14, sample to be tested, 15, ice sheet.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, a kind of test device of the vertical bond strength of material surface ice sheet, mainly by upper cover plate 1, lower cover
2nd, secured adjusted device 3, locating connector 4, refrigeration unit 5, stretching attachment means 6, attachment means 7, stretching device 8, auxiliary
Help gasket ring 9, tapered cylinder 10, sample cover plate 11, sample fixation screw bolt 12 and support bar 13；It is characterized in that：The test dress
1 lower cover 2 of upper cover plate put is connected by secured adjusted device 3, and lower cover 2 fixes refrigeration by locating connector 4
Unit 5, is provided with sample to be tested 14 on refrigeration unit 5；The stretching attachment means 6 and attachment means 7 connect, attachment means 7
Connect with stretching device 8, stretching device 8 connects tapered cylinder 10 by aiding in gasket ring 9, and tapered cylinder 10 and sample cover plate 11 connect
Connect, 11 lower end of sample cover plate is provided with sample to be tested 14；The sample fixation screw bolt 12 is fixedly connected sample lid by upper cover plate 1
Plate 11, support bar 13 support whole test device.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of method of testing of the vertical bond strength of material surface ice sheet, it is characterised in that method and step is such as
Under：
（1）Processing sample to be tested 14, it is ensured that the surface depth of parallelism；
（2）The sample to be tested 14 for processing is placed on refrigeration unit 5, and adds sample cover plate 11, fixed with sample
Bolt 12 is fixed, it is ensured that 14 lower surface of sample to be tested is in close contact refrigeration unit 5；
（3）Relative position between stretching device 8 and tapered cylinder 10 is adjusted, cupping machine is opened, by tapered cylinder 10
After slow rise certain altitude, cupping machine force value data are reset, is then declined, is allowed tapered cylinder 10 to fall to be tested naturally
14 surface of sample；
（4）Refrigeration unit 5 is opened, and starts timing, after 10s with the quantitative water of syringe injection in tapered cylinder 10,
Treat that water freezing is completely in tapered cylinder 10, form ice sheet 15；
（5）After fixed a period of time, cupping machine is opened, tapered cylinder 10 is lifted by stretching device 8, by what is formed
Ice sheet 15 is peeled off with sample to be tested 14, the ratio of the 10 bottom surface inner circle area of maximum normal force and tapered cylinder shown by ergometer
Value characterizes the vertical bond strength of material surface ice sheet；
（6）When conversion materials are tested, refrigeration unit is closed, other test specimens to be measured are changed, repeat 1.～5. step.
The material surface ice sheet of the present invention vertically combines strength testing device and method of testing, cannot be only used for multiple material
The vertical bond strength of sample to be tested surface ice sheet, and can be also used for carrying out various coatings and natural biological and special moistening
Property material surface ice sheet vertically combine strength test, tested by above-mentioned steps.Obviously, according to disclosed by the invention
Content and specific embodiment explanation, one of ordinary skill in the art can make the variation of other multi-forms, and publication is said
All of embodiment cannot be enumerated in bright book, but the obvious variation being thus derived still falls within the present invention
Protection domain among.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of test device of the vertical bond strength of material surface ice sheet, is mainly filled by upper cover plate, lower cover, secured adjusted
Put, locating connector, refrigeration unit, stretching attachment means, attachment means, stretching device, auxiliary gasket ring, tapered cylinder, examination
Sample cover plate, sample fixation screw bolt and support bar；It is characterized in that：Two pieces of cover plates up and down of the test device pass through secured adjusted
Device is connected, and lower cover fixes refrigeration unit by locating connector, and sample to be tested is provided with refrigeration unit；It is described
Stretching attachment means and attachment means connection, attachment means and stretching device connection, stretching device is by aiding in gasket ring connection cone
Shape cylinder, tapered cylinder pass through upper cover plate, sample cover plate, contact with sample to be tested, and sample cover plate lower end is provided with sample to be tested；
The sample fixation screw bolt is fixedly connected sample cover plate, the whole test device of they sup-port by upper cover plate.
2. the test device of the vertical bond strength of a kind of material surface ice sheet according to claim 1, the lower cover by
Support bar is connected on cupping machine test platform.
3. the test device of the vertical bond strength of a kind of material surface ice sheet according to claim 1, stretching device is by drawing
Stretch attachment means to be connected on tension test machine power induction apparatuss.
4. a kind of usage right requires the method for testing of the vertical bond strength of material surface ice sheet of the test device described in 1, its
It is characterised by that method and step is as follows：
（1）Processing sample to be tested, it is ensured that the surface depth of parallelism；
（2）The sample to be tested for processing is placed on refrigeration unit, and adds sample cover plate, fixed with sample fixation screw bolt,
Ensure that sample to be tested lower surface is in close contact refrigeration unit；
（3）Relative position between stretching device and tapered cylinder is adjusted, cupping machine is opened, tapered cylinder is slowly risen one
After determining height, cupping machine force value data are reset, is then declined, is allowed tapered cylinder to fall on testing sample surface naturally；
（4）Refrigeration unit is opened, and starts timing, after 10s, quantitative water is injected in tapered cylinder with syringe, treat that taper is justified
In cylinder, water freezing completely, forms ice sheet；
（5）After fixed a period of time, open cupping machine, tapered cylinder lifted by stretching device, by the ice sheet for being formed with
Sample to be tested is peeled off, and characterizes material list with the ratio of tapered cylinder bottom surface inner circle area by the maximum normal force that ergometer shows
The vertical bond strength of face ice sheet.
5. the method for testing of the vertical bond strength of a kind of material surface ice sheet according to claim 4, described refrigeration list
By temperature controller, the temperature of precise control refrigeration unit upper surface, temperature regulating range are -30 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C for unit.
6. the method for testing of the vertical bond strength of a kind of material surface ice sheet according to claim 4, the step（5）In
Fixing certain time point for reaching after predetermined cryogenic temperature for water formation ice sheet and refrigeration unit in tapered cylinder for a period of time is
The time period of terminal.
7. the method for testing of the vertical bond strength of a kind of material surface ice sheet according to claim 4, the sample to be tested
The ice sheet formed by surface is coniform.
8. a kind of method of testing of the vertical bond strength of material surface ice sheet according to claim 4, described by stretching
Device lifts tapered cylinder, and the maximum normal force for peeling off sample to be tested surface ice sheet is read by the power induction apparatuss of cupping machine.
9. the method for testing of the vertical bond strength of a kind of material surface ice sheet according to claim 4, the tapered cylinder
PFTE materials are adopted with sample cover plate.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510018125.1A CN104568743B (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2015-01-14 | Testing device for vertical bonding strength of ice layers on surface of material and testing method thereof |
| PCT/CN2015/094760 WO2016112739A1 (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2015-11-17 | Material surface ice layer vertical bonding strength testing device and testing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510018125.1A CN104568743B (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2015-01-14 | Testing device for vertical bonding strength of ice layers on surface of material and testing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104568743A CN104568743A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| CN104568743B true CN104568743B (en) | 2017-04-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510018125.1A Expired - Fee Related CN104568743B (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2015-01-14 | Testing device for vertical bonding strength of ice layers on surface of material and testing method thereof |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104568743B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016112739A1 (en) |
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| CN114112900A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-01 | 湖北理工学院 | Icing force test system for anti-icing material |
| CN114878457B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-12-01 | 北京理工大学 | Test device and method for measuring tangential ice adhesion strength of solid material surface |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109765175A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of ice adherency normal direction force test method and device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104568743A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| WO2016112739A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
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