CN104431336A - Cassava residue biological feed and making method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses cassava residue biological feed and a making method of the cassava residue biological feed. The making method comprises the steps that cassava residues are smashed firstly, then the smashed cassava residues are soaked in a water pool for 24 hours, sediments are taken out, fermentation is conducted on the sediments after yeast is added to the sediments, the moisture content of raw materials is controlled to be 40%, after the raw materials are mixed evenly, the raw materials are stacked in a strip shape, the PH value is controlled to be 7, the fermentation temperature is 35+/-1 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation is conducted for 48-96 hours, fermented products are dried at the temperature of 85-95 and cooled to cooled to the temperature within five DEC G higher than the indoor temperature, 50-55% of the cassava residues, 10-25% of oil bran or wheat bran, 5-10% of corns and 1-10% of bean pulp are mixed and fermented according to a weight ratio and smashed, compound microorganism strains and flavor improving agents are added to the mixture and evenly mixed with the mixture, and then the final mixture is packaged in a quantified mode. By means of the cassava residue biological feed and the making method of the cassava residue biological feed, production cost and environment cost can be lowered, the environment is protected, and the development of the ecological breeding industry is promoted.

Description

A kind of cassava residues biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to feed preparation field, be specifically related to a kind of cassava residues biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

At present, cassava is mainly used in producing starch, has a large amount of cassava residues after production, and cassava residues is the discarded object in cassava processing, and price is very cheap.Cassava residues main component is cellulose, hemicellulose, a small amount of starch and protein, and its nutritional labeling is lower, and trophic component is complete, and be directly used for feeding livestock and poultry effect bad, therefore most cassava residues is not fully utilized.Only have fraction cassava residues for the production of alcohol at present, major part abandon in nature, not only cause the wasting of resources, and serious environment pollution.

Summary of the invention

For above problem, the invention provides a kind of cassava residues biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof, thus reduce production cost and Environmental costs, protection of the environment, promote the development of ecologic breeding industry.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

(1) preparation method for cassava residues biological feedstuff, comprises the following steps:

A, cassava residues biofermentation step;

B, drying steps;

C, pulverising step;

D, raw material blend step;

The step of E, interpolation complex microorganism bacterial classification;

The step of F, interpolation flavor improving agent;

G, quantitatively to pack step.

In step A, carry out biofermentation by weight mixed yeast 0.05% ~ 0.3% pair of cassava residues, control moisture content 40%, fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, and fermentation mode is anaerobic fermentation 48 ~ 96 hours; Adopt trough type fermentation bed, the mode adopting machinery to turn over buttress when temperature is too high is lowered the temperature.

In step B, tunning is first carried out extrusion dehydration, then enter fluid bed and carry out hot-air seasoning, bake out temperature controls at 85 ~ 95 DEG C, and after drying, material moisture controls within 12%.

In step C, the fermentation cassava residue after drying is entered pulverizer and pulverizes, select sieve aperture to be the sieve plate of 0.6mm, the material after pulverizing enters drum-type cooler again, within temperature of charge being reduced to room temperature+5 DEG C.

In D step, by weight mixed culture fermentation cassava residues 50% ~ 55%, oily chaff or wheat bran 10% ~ 25%, corn 5% ~ 10%, dregs of beans 1% ~ 10%, incorporation time is 5 ~ 20min, and mixed raw material is pulverized, select sieve aperture to be the sieve plate of 0.6mm.

In E step, by weight mixing bacillus licheniformis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, bacillus subtilis 0.05% ~ 0.3%; Or enterococcus faecalis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, bacillus laterosporus 0.05% ~ 0.3%, incorporation time is 5 ~ 20min;

The preferred proportion of mixing bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis is 1:1, and the preferred proportion of mixing enterococcus faecalis and bacillus laterosporus is 3:2;

This complex microorganism bacterial classification and content effectively can keep bacterial activity, strengthen the concertedness between bacterial classification, reduce the antagonism between bacterial classification.

In F step, by weight mixing lactosucrose 0.05% ~ 0.3%, molasses 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1% ~ 1.5%, salt 0.15%, and each 95 ~ 115g/t of copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide, incorporation time is 5 ~ 20min.

In G step, used by above-mentioned end product and pack without the woven bag of inner membrance, packing specification is 40kg.

Further, before above-mentioned steps, also comprise and first cassava residues being pulverized, then smashing portion is divided to be immersed in pond after 24 hours, take out sedimentary step;

Further, flash baking is carried out after fermentation;

Further, add the chelates of zinc threonine that weight ratio is 0.05% ~ 0.3% in D step, described chelates of zinc threonine is made according to patent ZL200810106871;

(2) a kind of cassava residues biological feedstuff.

A kind of cassava residues biological feedstuff, its component and content are:

Fermentation cassava residue 50% ~ 55%, oil chaff or wheat bran 10% ~ 25%, corn 5% ~ 10%, dregs of beans 1% ~ 10%, bacillus licheniformis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, bacillus subtilis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, lactosucrose 0.05% ~ 0.3%, molasses 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1% ~ 1.5%, salt 0.15%, and each 95 ~ 115g/t of copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide;

Or fermentation cassava residue 50% ~ 55%, oil chaff or wheat bran 10% ~ 25%, corn 5% ~ 10%, dregs of beans 1% ~ 10%, bacillus licheniformis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, enterococcus faecalis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, bacillus laterosporus 0.05% ~ 0.3%, molasses 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1% ~ 1.5%, salt 0.15%, and each 95 ~ 115g/t of copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide.

Main feature of the present invention is:

1, the content of the noxious materials such as cyanide is reduced: first pulverized by cassava residues, again smashing portion is divided and to be immersed in pond 24 hours, to carry out diafiltration and sweat, the pulverizing result of cassava residues is that its cell is opened, discharge inherent all substances, to be immersed in pond 24 hours, undesirable components dissolved such as cyanide can be removed and be separated in the aqueous solution.Taking precipitate ferments, and carries out flash baking, can prevent any proteins coagulation that may exist after fermentation, allows the volatile hydrocyanic acid gas of appearance disengage;

2, by adding complex microorganism bacterial classification, decomposition of cellulose and carbohydrate can generate the tunnings such as mycoprotein during the fermentation, improving and be worth.

Wherein, enterococcus faecalis is facultative anaerobe, is the dominant bacteria in animal intestinal.Enterococcus faecalis energy fermentable carbohydrates produces lactic acid, reduce gut pH, suppress the growth of enteron aisle spoilage organisms, promote intestinal microecology balance, can form biofilm is attached on animal intestinal mucous membrane simultaneously, through growing, Growth and reproduction forms lactic acid bacteria barrier, resist external germ virus and mycotoxin, can also decomposing protein be little peptide, synthesis B family vitamin, partially protein can be resolved into acid amides and amino acid, the NFE of most of carbohydrate is converted into L-type lactic acid, can to calcareous synthesis L-calcium lactate, promote that cultivated animals is to calcareous absorption.It also can strengthen the activity of macrophage, promotes the immune response of animal, improves antibody horizontal.Enterococcus faecalis by the fiber deliquescing in feed, can also improve the conversion ratio of feed.Enterococcus faecalis is prepared into microorganism formulation and can directly throws something and feeds cultivated animals, is conducive to improving microecological balance in enteron aisle, and control animal intestinal flora fauna is disorderly.Wherein bacillus subtilis, available protein, multiple sugar and starch, decompose tryptophan and form indoles.Bacillus subtilis obligate aerobic, do not have a curdled milk effect, decomposition glucose produces acid not aerogenesis, arabinose can be decomposed, sweet mellow wine, gelatin, starch, subtilin is produced in growth course, polymyxins, nystatin, gramicidins isoreactivity material, the conditioned pathogen of these active materials to pathogenic bacteria or autogenous infection has obvious inhibitory action, bacillus subtilis can consume rapidly the free oxygen in environment, cause enteron aisle hypoxemia, promote that useful anaerobic bacteria grows, and produce the organic acids such as lactic acid, reduce enteron aisle pH value, other pathogenic bacteria of indirect suppression grow.It also can the growing of stimulating animal immune organ, activate T, bone-marrow-derived lymphocyte, improve immunoglobulin (Ig) and antibody horizontal, strengthen cellular immunity and humoral immune function, the multiple B family vitamins such as synthetic vitamin B1, B2, B6, nicotinic acid, improve the activity of interferon and macrophage in animal body.Meanwhile, the enzymes such as bacillus subtilis thalline self synthesis AMS, protease, lipase, cellulase, together play a role with the digestive enzymes in animal body in alimentary canal.

Wherein bacillus licheniformis, antibacterial material mainly some protide antibacterial materials (chitinase, antibacterial protein, polypeptide class) of generation, can produce the antibacterial material of phenylacetic acid one class simultaneously.Antibacterial material mainly acts on cell membrane, the cell membrane of pathogen; The receptor protein relevant to film interacts; Or act on energy metabolism system; Improve premunition, bacillus licheniformis can promote the growth of normal physiological anaerobic bacteria in enteron aisle, adjustment intestinal bacilli illness, recover function of intestinal canal, to enterobacterial infection, there is special efficacy, can produce resistant activity material, and the biology with uniqueness takes oxygen mechanism of action by force, can suppress the growth and breeding of pathogenic bacteria.

Wherein bacillus laterosporus, can secrete the polypeptides matter of the antibacterium of some wide spectrums, antimycotic, antiviral and mycoplasma during the fermentation, and this antibacterial substance stable in properties under the high temperature conditions; There is the various biological functions such as phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, fixed nitrogen, insecticidal proteins antibacterial substance can be produced, growth factor and SOD enzyme in bacillus laterosporus growth course, can be secreted, growth promoting effects;

3, add the local flavor that flavor improving agent can regulate cassava residues, expand range of application, improve economic worth;

4, batching is cassava residues, compares fresh manioc waste raw material range of application wider.

Detailed description of the invention

First cassava residues is pulverized, again smashing portion is divided and to be immersed in pond 24 hours, take out sediment, by weight mixed yeast 0.05% ~ 0.3%, control moisture content 40%, by wide 2 ~ 3m, high 1.5 ~ 2.0m bar shaped is stacked, control pH value 7, fermentation temperature 35 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation 48 ~ 96 hours, after having fermented by tunning in 85 ~ 95 DEG C dry and select sieve aperture be 0.6mm sieve plate pulverize, material after pulverizing enters drum-type cooler again, within temperature of charge being reduced to room temperature+5 DEG C, by weight mixed culture fermentation cassava residues 50% ~ 55%, oil chaff or wheat bran 10% ~ 25%, corn 5% ~ 10%, dregs of beans 1% ~ 10%, incorporation time is 5 ~ 20min, select sieve aperture be 0.6mm sieve plate pulverize, by weight adding bacillus licheniformis 0.05% ~ 0.3% after mixing, bacillus subtilis 0.05% ~ 0.3% mixes 5 ~ 20min, add lactosucrose 0.05% ~ 0.3%, molasses 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1% ~ 1.5%, salt 0.15%, and copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate and each 95 ~ 115g/t of zinc oxide mix 5 ~ 20min, by above-mentioned final products quantitative package after mixing.

Processing process:

Cassava residues biofermentation---dry------------quantitatively pack to add bacillus subtilis to add bacillus licheniformis in raw material mixing for pulverizing and cooling by---adding the local flavor such as lactosucrose, molasses conditioning agent---

A kind of cassava residues biological feedstuff: its component and content are: fermentation cassava residue 50% ~ 55%, oil chaff or wheat bran 10% ~ 25%, corn 5% ~ 10%, dregs of beans 1% ~ 10%, bacillus licheniformis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, bacillus subtilis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, lactosucrose 0.05% ~ 0.3%, molasses 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1% ~ 1.5%, salt 0.15%, and each 95 ~ 115g/t of copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide.

Major technique innovative point of the present invention:

1, the noxious materials such as cyanide are reduced;

First pulverized by cassava residues, then smashing portion is divided to be immersed in pond 24 hours, to carry out diafiltration and sweat, taking precipitate ferments, and carries out flash baking after fermentation, allows hold volatile hydrocyanic acid gas and disengage;

2, by adding composite biological inoculum, decomposition of cellulose and carbohydrate can generate the tunnings such as mycoprotein during the fermentation, improving and be worth;

3, regulate the local flavor of cassava residues, expand range of application, improve economic worth.

The conventional physical and chemical index sample detection of tapioca starch: (unit: %)

Title	Thick protein	Moisture	Coarse ash	Starch
					Tapioca starch	2.3	11.85	2.63	57.68

The conventional physical and chemical index scope of tapioca starch: (unit: %)

Title	Thick protein	Moisture	Meals fiber	Coarse ash	Starch-polysaccharides
						Tapioca starch	2.0~6.0	10.0~13.0	14~16	2.0~4.0	56~64

The change of tapioca starch vitamin content before and after fermentation: for drying rear mensuration (unit for mg/kg)

Project	Carrotene	Thiamine	Nicotinic acid	Pantothenic acid	Choline	Folic acid	Vitamin E	Core yellow acid
									Before fermentation	20	0.33	54	2.9	420	0.21	15	1.54
After fermentation	93	31.75	435	33.21	1401	6.86	41.1	7.21

The purposes of cassava residues biological feedstuff of the present invention

Secretion and nutrition and the hormonal substance such as a large amount of viable bacterias, protein, amino acid, various biochemical enzymes, somatomedin that synthesize in sweat, can adjust and improve each organ dysfunction of animal body, improve food conversion ratio, the multiple effect such as immunity, nutrition, growth stimulation is produced to animal, reaches and prevent and cure diseases, improve survival rate, growth promoting effects and breeding, reduce costs, eliminate the effects such as fecaluria stink, environment purification, increasing both production and income.

Tapioca starch consumption in animal diet is extensive: the livestock and poultry species such as pig, chicken, duck, goose, ox all can add certain proportion, is used for reducing diet cost.The tapioca starch of the fermentation effect that is used for breeding fish is also fine, can also prevent fish enteritis, the highlyest adds 15%.

The benefit of cassava residues biological feedstuff of the present invention:

Use zymotechnique, decomposable asymmetric choice net crude fibre, improve feed conversion, contribute to the absorption of animal, for laying hen of feeding, find that economic benefit and disease-resistant benefit are all better, should inquire into further in biochemistry.

1, increase crude fibre, promote enterocinesia.Vinasse are mainly used as roughage, after crude fibre enters enteron aisle, under the effect of bacterium and cellulolytic enzyme, can be analyzed to butyric acid, acetic acid, become the absorbable nutriment of body.Softening crude fibre can stimulate intestinal tube in addition, increases solid material, makes difficulty have full sense, promotes appetite;

2, using method, shine dry feeding or directly fresh feed.Dry feeding can be mixed into mixed feed.Fresh to be fed with the water yield many, should note few adding summer, anti-ly become sour, and winter also wants Anti-freezing.

The experiment result of use of cassava residues biological feedstuff of the present invention:

Certain chicken house is tested from March, and every day every, chicken added 25 grams of these feeds, and such 1,000 chickens every days just need 25 kilograms, and according to feed cost valency per ton 40 yuan calculatings, the feed cost that every chicken eats every day is 0.001 yuan, and every thousand chicken costs are 1 yuan.From March 15, recorded egg production calculated to April 20, every thousand chicken every day fecund 12 jin, eggs, increasing income is 21.5 yuan, facts have proved the value of this feed and market prospects very good.Diseases prevention benefit, promotes beneficial bacterium breeding, regulating intestinal canal acid-base balance.This feed pH value is 3 ~ 4, feeds every day and is equivalent to replenishing vitamins C, can neutralize the alkalescence of other feeds, impels profitable strain in enteron aisle to capture growth vigor simultaneously, and remains unchanged for a long time.Because struggle for existence makes beneficial bacterium final amt increase.The host cell amplification rate of load R plasmid extends in time and increases, and the speed of removing pathogen is constantly accelerated.According to data introduction, also there is mycoprotein in the microbial body in vinasse, the Small molecular of the biology such as the intracellular pyrimidine of R plasmid energy releasing microbe of existence and amino acid carries out transcribing and translating, synthetase albumen.Not only make chicken egg productivity increase, and yolk is dark red, the dark favor by consumer.

Fermentation cassava powder is very significant to the cost reducing cultivation sow, starts, by 90 days, use amount to be used 10%, can not cause the malnutrition to sow in nonpregnant period and pregnancy, but some green forages of should suitably feeding more.A sow adopts aforementioned proportion to feed, and can save the feed cost spending of 7.5% whole year.Concrete advantage is as follows:

1, improve feed palatability, improve feed intake and speed, animal microbial cells Argine Monohydrochloride wherein, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete are drunk as people amino acids oral-liquor, Yoghourt is the same with the composition in beer forms a kind of hobby, like searching for food;

2, show increase feed nutrition composition, the comprehensive Available Amino Acids composition of the necessary multiple nutrients of animal can be changed into;

3, feed digestion absorption rate is improved, improve production performance, containing multiple beneficial microorganism live bacteria, set up microecological balance in animal intestinal, animal absorbs completely to feed nutrition composition wherein, and the utilization rate of protein, energy, mineral matter can be made to reach 95%, greatly improves roughage absorption rate, therefore can reduce feed cost, Long-Time Service can save 10% ~ 25% feed;

4, improve immunity, prevent and treat intestines problem, set up intestinal microecology balance, suppress the breeding of harmful levels of pathogens, increase beneficial microbe breeding;

5, decreasing pollution, controls bacteriosis, can reduce the excretion of nitrogen in ight soil, phosphorus, calcium, reduces stool odor and noxious gas emission, shows as animal wastes stink and progressively alleviate, and reduces feed protein and is decomposed into ammonia waste, thus reduce environmental pollution;

6, meat, eggs and milk quality is improved, produce " green meat ", " farmers''s egg ", " antibiotic-free milk ", by strengthening digestion and absorption function, fully absorb the natural colouring matter of feed Middle nutrition composition and raw material, without the need to adding chemical pigment tonyred, Carophyll red causes the harmful substance of human body and affects animal products natural edible local flavor, and can match in excellence or beauty domestic livestock meat.The natural increase animal product degree of staining of energy and edible flavor, pig skin is ruddy, and hair color is shinny; Broiler chicken meat duck color burn; Improve quality and the color of eggshell, egg white is thick thick, and yolk is scarlet; Aquatic livestock color is more healthy, immaculate.

More than to invention has been exemplary description; obvious realization of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the various improvement that technical solution of the present invention is carried out; or design of the present invention and technical scheme directly applied to other occasion, all in protection scope of the present invention without to improve.

Claims (6)

1. a preparation method for cassava residues biological feedstuff, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

A, cassava residues biofermentation step;

B, drying steps;

C, pulverising step;

D, raw material blend step;

The step of E, interpolation complex microorganism bacterial classification;

The step of F, interpolation flavor improving agent;

G, quantitatively to pack step;

In step A, carry out biofermentation by weight mixed yeast 0.05% ~ 0.3% pair of cassava residues, controlling fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation 48 ~ 96 hours;

In step B, by 85 ~ 95 DEG C of oven dry;

In step C, pulverize and cool within temperature of charge is reduced to room temperature+5 DEG C;

In D step, by weight mixed culture fermentation cassava residues 50% ~ 55%, oily chaff or wheat bran 10% ~ 25%, corn 5% ~ 10%, dregs of beans 1% ~ 10%, incorporation time is 5 ~ 20min;

In E step, by weight mixing bacillus licheniformis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, bacillus subtilis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, or enterococcus faecalis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, bacillus laterosporus 0.05% ~ 0.3%, incorporation time is 5 ~ 20min;

In F step, by weight mixing lactosucrose 0.05% ~ 0.3%, molasses 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1% ~ 1.5%, salt 0.15%, and each 95 ~ 115g/t of copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide, incorporation time is 5 ~ 20min.

2. the preparation method of a kind of cassava residues biological feedstuff according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises and first being pulverized by cassava residues, then smashing portion was divided to be immersed in pond take out sedimentary step after 24 hours before step A.

3. the preparation method of a kind of cassava residues biological feedstuff according to claim 1, is characterized in that, carry out flash baking after fermentation.

4. the preparation method of a kind of cassava residues biological feedstuff according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adds the chelates of zinc threonine that weight ratio is 0.05% ~ 0.3% in D step.

5. a cassava residues biological feedstuff, is characterized in that, makes by the method described in any one of Claims 1 to 4.

6. a cassava residues biological feedstuff, is characterized in that, its component and content are:

Fermentation cassava residue 50% ~ 55%, oil chaff or wheat bran 10% ~ 25%, corn 5% ~ 10%, dregs of beans 1% ~ 10%, bacillus licheniformis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, bacillus subtilis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, lactosucrose 0.05% ~ 0.3%, molasses 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1% ~ 1.5%, salt 0.15%, and each 95 ~ 115g/t of copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide;

Or fermentation cassava residue 50% ~ 55%, oil chaff or wheat bran 10% ~ 25%, corn 5% ~ 10%, dregs of beans 1% ~ 10%, bacillus licheniformis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, enterococcus faecalis 0.05% ~ 0.3%, bacillus laterosporus 0.05% ~ 0.3%, molasses 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1% ~ 1.5%, salt 0.15%, and each 95 ~ 115g/t of copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide.