CN104291785A - 一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019402 calcium peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
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Abstract
本发明提供一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷及其制备方法,属于日用陶瓷技术领域。一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷,其坯体由以下原料按重量百分比制成:高岭土27~35%,钾长石8~15%,硅灰石4~7%,煅烧脉石英39~48%,镁质粘土6~11%。其制作步骤包括球磨、放浆→过筛除铁→压榨→粗练→陈腐→三次精练成坯泥→压坯→干燥→修坯→上普通透明釉形成精坯→烧结。本发明制得的水晶镁玉陶瓷同时具有观赏性、艺术性和良好的抗热震性,不会因抗热震性差引发制品惊裂,提高使用安全性,延长使用寿命,是一种高档瓷种。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及日用陶瓷技术领域,具体涉及一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
日用陶瓷是日常生活中不可或缺用品,随着生活水平不断提高人们对日用陶瓷提出更高的要求,既要具有时尚元素“白如玉、明如镜、声如磬、瓷质通透”的观赏性、艺术性,又要具热稳定性好、适应日常生活使用的实用性。而现有高档瓷如:镁质瓷,高石英瓷、骨瓷等高档瓷均难以同时达到上述性能,而且生产成本也很高,特别因抗热震性(包括微波炉适应性、冰箱到微波炉适应性)差造成在使用过程中受冷热交换影响,制品容易惊裂成了人们日常使用高档瓷的困扰。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的在于:针对上述问题,提供一种采用纯天然陶瓷原矿生产的高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷及其制备方法,本发明的水晶镁玉陶瓷同时具有观赏性、艺术性和良好的抗热震性,不会因抗热震性差引发制品惊裂,提高使用安全性,延长使用寿命。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷,其坯体由以下原料按重量百分比制成:高岭土27~35%,钾长石8~15%,硅灰石4~7%,煅烧脉石英39~48%,镁质粘土6~11%。
优选地,所述水晶镁玉陶瓷的坯体由以下原料按重量百分比制成:高岭土30~32%,钾长石11~13%,硅灰石5~6%,煅烧脉石英41~44%,镁质粘土8~10%。
更优选地,所述水晶镁玉陶瓷的坯体由以下原料按重量百分比制成:高岭土30%,钾长石13%,硅灰石6%,煅烧脉石英43%,镁质粘土8%。
进一步地,所述高岭土的含铁量小于0.2%,所述钾长石、硅灰石、煅烧脉石英、镁质粘土的含铁量小于0.1%。
优选地,在调配坯体原料时,应控制坯体的各化学组成的含量如下:SiO274~77%,Al2O39~13%,MgO2.2~3%,CaO2~3%,Fe2O3<0.1%,KNaO1.7~2.5%。
本发明还提供上述一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷的制作方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按以下重量百分比准备坯体原料:高岭土27~35%、钾长石8~15%、硅灰石4~7%、煅烧脉石英39~48%、镁质粘土6~11%,将上述原料加入装有研磨体的球磨机里,加水使泥浆比重控制在1.35~1.45g/100ml,球磨坯泥浆细度至240目以上,即颗粒直径小于0.061mm,用320目筛检测,筛余量在0.2-0.3%为合格即可放浆,经放浆→过筛除铁→压榨→粗练→陈腐→三次精练成坯泥→压坯→干燥→修坯→上普通透明釉形成精坯;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的精坯装进窑炉,在弱还原气氛、烧成温度范围为1300~1330℃进行焙烧,烧成周期为7~12小时,冷却后得到水晶镁玉陶瓷。
本发明的水晶镁玉陶瓷的釉面用的釉水种类是普通透明釉,但其坯体采用全天然原矿配料,包括高岭土、钾长石、硅灰石、煅烧脉石英、镁质粘土。其中,高岭土的含铁量要求小于0.2%,其余原料的含铁量要求小于0.1%,总体坯体含铁量小于0.1%。坯料中铁质的存在,会严重影响产品的色泽和光洁度,尤其是白度。例如,原料中颗粒较大的铁质(如铁锈)可以在煅烧后变成黑色或黄色的斑点,微细的铁粉末在高温煅烧下还可以降低砖坯或釉面的白度,釉料中带铁质还会使釉面产生气泡针孔,本发明通过控制坯体中的含铁量,能够减少铁质的不良影响,提高产品白度。
本发明用煅烧脉石英来代替其他形态的煅烧石英,其SiO2含量高,所含杂质少,是制备日用细瓷的良好原料,能够提高产品瓷质通透性。
另外,本发明将坯泥细度提高到240目以上,即颗粒直径小于0.061mm,以提高产品透光度及提高抗热震性。
烧制时在弱还原气氛下进行,烧成最高温度范围为1300~1330℃,主要为提高产品白度和润滑透度。
传统陶瓷的内部晶体结构为莫来石或原顽火辉石、钾长石玻璃、残留石英三相,而本发明包括莫来石、原顽火辉石、钾长石玻璃/钙长石玻璃、石英、残留石英等五相,由于同时存在莫来石和原顽火辉石晶相可以提高产品透光度、白度及抗热震性,玻璃相中同时存在钾长石玻璃和钙长石玻璃相大大提高产品透光度,增加石英相提高产品抗热震性。
传统坯体中主要熔剂为钾长石和不大于2%滑石,而本发明在使用钾长石同时使用硅灰石和大量镁质粘土等熔剂,坯体化学成份中氧化钙含量在2~3%范围,氧化镁含量在2.2~3%范围,以便确保产品“白如玉、明如镜、声如磬、瓷质通透、非玉似玉”的观赏性、艺术性效果。
同时,本发明的坯体原料中大量使用煅烧脉石英,控制二氧化硅含量不低于74%,能够解决产品抗热震性差,从而防止因抗热震性差引发制品开裂,提高使用安全性,延长使用寿命。
综上所述,由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明采用全天然原矿配料,经烧成成产品后不含有任何铅、镉重金属有害物质达到绿色环保。
2、本发明产品吸水率<0.3%,抗冲击性为6.5J/cm2左右,用200~20℃温差检测抗热震性为合格。传统的高档瓷的抗热震性只能通过160~20℃温差检测,抗冲击性只有5.4J/cm2,本发明的产品的抗热震性比传统的高档瓷的提高了40℃,抗冲击性提高1.1J/cm2,整体使用性能明显提高,产品在使用过程中不会受冷热交换影响而出现惊裂,提高产品使用安全性和使用寿命。
3、本发明通过改变内部晶体结构,控制颗粒直径,将烧成气氛控制为弱还原,获得的产品白度>83%,透光度>0.8,光泽度>98%,相比传统的高档瓷产品白度>80%,透光度>0.65,光泽度>90%,本发明的白度、透光度、光泽度均有提高。本发明的产品具有“白如玉、明如镜、声如磬、瓷质通透、非玉似玉”的观赏性、艺术性。
4、本发明的生产工艺简单,易控制操作,易于规模化、工业化大生产。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷及其制备方法,所生产的水晶镁玉陶瓷不仅具有“白如玉、明如镜、声如磬、瓷质通透、非玉似玉”的观赏性、艺术性,又具有良好的抗冲击性和抗热震性。本发明实现上述效果是通过筛选合适的天然陶瓷原矿作为坯体原料,控制原料中SiO2、Al2O3、MgO、CaO、Fe2O3的含量,改进制坯和烧焙的工艺,从而优化晶相结构。下面通过具体实施例,对本发明作进一步详述。
实施例1
按比例称取下述原料:高岭土30%,钾长石11%,硅灰石6%,煅烧脉石英42%,镁质粘土11%,高岭土原材料含铁量要求小于0.2%,钾长石、硅灰石、煅烧脉石英、镁质粘土含铁量要求小于0.1%,总体坯体含铁量小于0.1%。将上述原料加入装有研磨体的球磨机里,加水使泥浆比重控制在1.35~1.45g/100ml,球磨坯泥浆细度至240目以上,即颗粒直径小于0.061mm,用320目筛检测,筛余量在0.2-0.3%为合格即可放浆,经放浆→过筛除铁→压榨→粗练→陈腐→三次精练成坯泥→压坯→干燥→修坯→上普通透明釉形成精坯;将精坯装进窑炉在弱还原气氛、烧成温度范围为1300~1330℃进行焙烧,烧成周期为10小时,冷却后得到水晶镁玉陶瓷。
实施例2
按按比例称取下述原料:高岭土33%,钾长石13%,硅灰石4%,煅烧脉石英44%,镁质粘土6%,高岭土原材料含铁量要求小于0.2%,钾长石、硅灰石、煅烧脉石英、镁质粘土含铁量要求小于0.1%,总体坯体含铁量小于0.1%。将上述原料加入装有研磨体的球磨机里,加水使泥浆比重控制在1.35~1.45g/100ml,球磨坯泥浆细度至240目以上,即颗粒直径小于0.061mm,用320目筛检测,筛余量在0.2-0.3%为合格即可放浆,经放浆→过筛除铁→压榨→粗练→陈腐→三次精练成坯泥→压坯→干燥→修坯→上普通透明釉形成精坯;将精坯装进窑炉在弱还原气氛、烧成温度范围为1300~1330℃进行焙烧,烧成周期为7小时,冷却后得到水晶镁玉陶瓷。
实施例3
按比例称取下述原料:高岭土30%,钾长石13%,硅灰石6%,煅烧脉石英43%,镁质粘土8%,高岭土原材料含铁量要求小于0.2%,钾长石、硅灰石、煅烧脉石英、镁质粘土含铁量要求小于0.1%,总体坯体含铁量小于0.1%。将上述原料加入装有研磨体的球磨机里,加水使泥浆比重控制在1.35~1.45g/100ml,球磨坯泥浆细度至240目以上,即颗粒直径小于0.061mm,用320目筛检测,筛余量在0.2-0.3%为合格即可放浆,经放浆→过筛除铁→压榨→粗练→陈腐→三次精练成坯泥→压坯→干燥→修坯→上普通透明釉形成精坯;将精坯装进窑炉在弱还原气氛、烧成温度范围为1300~1330℃进行焙烧,烧成周期为12小时,冷却后得到水晶镁玉陶瓷。
实施例4-7
实施例4-7的原料配比如表1所示,采用与实施例1相同的制备方法制造水晶镁玉陶瓷。
表1实施例4-7中的原料配比
取实施例1-7所得的水晶镁玉陶瓷进行性能测试,其测试结果如表2所示:
表2实施例1-7所得的水晶镁玉陶瓷的性能参数
从上表的测试结果可知,本发明的水晶镁玉陶瓷在各项指标:白度、透光度、光泽度、抗冲击性均比传统的高档瓷更好,所得产品具有“白如玉、明如镜、声如磬、瓷质通透、非玉似玉”的观赏性、艺术性,用200~20℃温差检测热稳定性为合格,符合国家标准,产品在使用过程中受冷热交换影响不易出现惊裂,提高产品使用安全性和使用寿命。
Claims (5)
1.一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷,其特征在于所述水晶镁玉陶瓷的坯体由以下原料按重量百分比制成:高岭土27~35%,钾长石8~15%,硅灰石4~7%,煅烧脉石英39~48%,镁质粘土6~11%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷,其特征在于所述水晶镁玉陶瓷的坯体由以下原料按重量百分比制成:高岭土30~32%,钾长石11~13%,硅灰石5~6%,煅烧脉石英41~44%,镁质粘土8~10%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷,其特征在于所述水晶镁玉陶瓷的坯体由以下原料按重量百分比制成:高岭土30%,钾长石13%,硅灰石6%,煅烧脉石英43%,镁质粘土8%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷,其特征在于所述高岭土的含铁量小于0.2%,所述钾长石、硅灰石、煅烧脉石英、镁质粘土的含铁量小于0.1%。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的一种高档瓷种水晶镁玉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)按以下重量百分比准备坯体原料:高岭土27~35%、钾长石8~15%、硅灰石4~7%、煅烧脉石英39~48%、镁质粘土6~11%,将上述原料加入装有研磨体的球磨机里,加水使泥浆比重控制在1.35~1.45g/100ml,球磨坯泥浆细度至240目以上,即颗粒直径小于0.061mm,用320目筛检测,筛余量在0.2-0.3%为合格即可放浆,经放浆→过筛除铁→压榨→粗练→陈腐→三次精练成坯泥→压坯→干燥→修坯→上普通透明釉形成精坯;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的精坯装进窑炉在弱还原气氛、烧成温度范围为1300~1330℃进行焙烧,烧成周期为7~12小时,冷却后得到水晶镁玉陶瓷。
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