CN104216039B - A kind of optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband - Google Patents
A kind of optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband Download PDFInfo
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- CN104216039B CN104216039B CN201410504704.2A CN201410504704A CN104216039B CN 104216039 B CN104216039 B CN 104216039B CN 201410504704 A CN201410504704 A CN 201410504704A CN 104216039 B CN104216039 B CN 104216039B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband, this optics metamaterials is made up of in periodic arrangement on X/Y plane construction unit；Each construction unit is by silicon dioxide substrates, and is connected to the upper strata metal bar unit in silicon dioxide substrates and lower metal rod unit composition；Upper strata metal bar unit and lower metal rod unit are laid up and down along OZ axle；Every layer of metal bar unit includes first metal bar and second metal bar, the first metal bar and the second metal bar do not contact, and the length of the first metal bar is more than the length of the second metal bar；The first metal bar in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the second metal bar in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle, and the second metal bar in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the first metal bar in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle.This optics metamaterials can realize the asymmetric transmission of polarized light in broadband range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optics Meta Materials field, specifically, relate to a kind of optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband.
Background technology
Metamaterials (English is: Metamaterials, also referred to as Meta Materials) is that a class has special nature, non-existent artificial composite material in nature.Namely by certain material is carried out key physical size on design obtain various useful artificial micro-structure, the existence of these micro structures can break through the restriction of some nature material and then change light or the original transport property of electromagnetic wave, for instance this ultimate principle of reversibility that can break light path obtains the one-way transmission of light.On the other hand, we according to different electromagnetic needs, can design the metamaterials with corresponding function.
In recent years, metamaterials increasingly causes the concern of people, and different types of special device is also applied to different fields gradually.At present, metamaterials generally has certain Chiral properties, is then referred to as chirality Meta Materials.The element (or being called artificial atom or artificial " molecule ") that chirality Meta Materials is usually by breaking mirror symmetry sub-wavelength dimensions forms.The unsymmetry of chiral material can cause circular dichroism, the polarization conversion of polarized light or the asymmetric transmission of light.
When asymmetric transmission refers to incident illumination respectively from the front and back incidence of a certain material, transmission light total amount or polarization state through this material are different.This is owing to the mirror symmetry of chirality Meta Materials is broken, so when incident illumination is in opposite direction through this material, the polarization conversion effect of light is different by material, has in turn resulted in different light transmission effects (i.e. asymmetric transmission).
Proposition along with asymmetric transmission, " Physicalreviewletters " periodical has been delivered the paper of C.Menzel seminar and has been proposed the chiral structure [C.Menzel.PRL that the asymmetric transmission that can realize line polarized light can realize again the asymmetric transmission of circularly polarized light, Vol.104,253902 (2010)].In order to better obtain the asymmetric transmission of line polarized light or circularly polarized light, and then propose the metamaterials of different structure.Although asymmetric transmission is studied by prior art, but the width being to increase broadband remains the target nowadays studied, and the manipulation simultaneously for broadband range is also one of problem needing solution.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the technical problem to be solved is: providing a kind of optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband, this optics metamaterials can realize the asymmetric transmission of polarized light in broadband range.
Technical scheme: for solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband, this optics metamaterials is made up of in periodic arrangement on X/Y plane construction unit；The summit taking a construction unit bottom surface is O point, crosses two bases respectively OX axle and the OY axle on this summit；The limit being perpendicular to these two bases is OZ axle；Each construction unit is by silicon dioxide substrates, and is connected to the upper strata metal bar unit in silicon dioxide substrates and lower metal rod unit composition；Upper strata metal bar unit and lower metal rod unit are laid up and down along OZ axle；Every layer of metal bar unit includes first metal bar and second metal bar, first metal bar and the second metal bar do not contact, the length of the first metal bar is more than the length of the second metal bar, the width of the first metal bar is equal to the width of the second metal bar, and the thickness of the first metal bar is equal to the thickness of the second metal bar；The first metal bar in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the second metal bar in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle, and the second metal bar in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the first metal bar in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle；In the metal bar unit of upper strata, the first metal bar and the axial angle α of OX1Angle α axial with the second metal bar and OX2Not etc..
Further, described α1=55 °, α2=35 °.
Further, in described construction unit, silicon dioxide substrates is connected between upper strata metal bar unit and lower metal rod unit.
Further, described metal bar is made up of silver, copper, aluminum or gold.
Further, described upper strata metal bar unit and lower metal rod unit are along the spacing g=80nm of OZ axle；In the metal bar unit of upper strata, along the spacing d=240nm, the length a of the first metal bar of OX axle between center of gravity and the center of gravity of the second metal bar of the first metal bar1=350nm, the width w=100nm of the first metal bar, the thickness t=100nm of the first metal bar, the length a of the second metal bar2Meet: 0nm < a2< 350nm.
Further, described construction unit has Chiral properties.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, technical scheme has the advantages that this optics metamaterials can realize the asymmetric transmission of polarized light in broadband range, and broadband range is adjustable.The optics metamaterials of the present invention, this optics metamaterials is made up of in periodic arrangement on X/Y plane construction unit；Each construction unit is by silicon dioxide substrates, and is connected to the upper strata metal bar unit in silicon dioxide substrates and lower metal rod unit composition；Upper strata metal bar unit and lower metal rod unit are laid up and down along OZ axle；Every layer of metal bar unit includes first metal bar and second metal bar, and the length of the first metal bar is more than the length of the second metal bar；The first metal bar in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the second metal bar in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle, and the second metal bar in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the first metal bar in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle.The periodic structure that this metamaterials is made up of different the first metal bar of two kinds of length and the second metal bar, what neither have in x-y plane is rotationally symmetrical, and what also do not have about z-plane is mirror symmetry.Utilize the Chiral properties of this metamaterials, the polarization state of incident illumination can be changed in a broadband, namely when x (y) incident illumination polarized passes through this metamaterials along OZ axle positive direction and OZ axle negative direction respectively, the major part of transmission light is converted to y (x) polarization, and then is capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband.Additionally, by the length changing the second metal bar, regulate the width of bandwidth, to meet the practical application demand to asymmetric transmission bandwidth.When the second metal bar length changes, its eelctric dipole mode resonance frequency changes, and then regulates the width in broadband.The advantages such as this metamaterials has easy realization, easily manipulates, and response range width, asymmetric conversion efficiency are high, be widely used.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the three dimensional structure schematic diagram of a construction unit in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a construction unit in the present invention along the axial perspective view of OZ.
Fig. 4 be the present invention along OZ axle positive direction propagate time, the transmission coefficient figure that x-polarisation light and y-polarisation light incidence obtain.
Fig. 5 be the present invention along OZ axle negative direction propagate time, the transmission coefficient figure that x-polarisation light and y-polarisation light incidence obtain.
When Fig. 6 is the x-polarisation light incidence present invention, along OZ axle positive direction and OZ axle opposite direction total transmittance comparison diagram.
When Fig. 7 is the y-polarisation light incidence present invention, along OZ axle positive direction and OZ axle opposite direction total transmittance comparison diagram.
Fig. 8 is asymmetric transmission absorbance schematic diagram corresponding under condition shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is asymmetric transmission absorbance schematic diagram corresponding under condition shown in Fig. 8.
When Figure 10 is the length difference of b, the asymmetric transmission schematic diagram that x-polarisation light incidence is corresponding.
Figure has: construction unit 1, silicon dioxide substrates 2, upper strata metal bar unit 3, lower metal rod unit the 4, first metal bar the 5, second metal bar 6.
Detailed description of the invention
For clearer explanation technical scheme and good effect, below technical scheme is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband of the present invention, it is made up of in periodic arrangement on X/Y plane construction unit 1.Construction unit has chirality (chirality) feature.The summit taking the bottom surface of a construction unit is O point, crosses two bases respectively OX axle and the OY axle on this summit, and the limit being perpendicular to these two bases is OZ axle.X/Y plane is exactly the plane that OX axle and OY axle are jointly residing.Each construction unit is by silicon dioxide substrates 2, and is connected to the upper strata metal bar unit 3 in silicon dioxide substrates and lower metal rod unit 4 forms.Upper strata metal bar unit 3 and lower metal rod unit 4 are laid up and down along OZ axle.Every layer of metal bar unit includes first metal bar 5 and second metal bar 6, first metal bar 5 does not contact with the second metal bar 6, the length of the first metal bar 5 is more than the length of the second metal bar 6, the width of the first metal bar 5 is equal to the width of the second metal bar 6, and the thickness of the first metal bar 5 is equal to the thickness of the second metal bar 6.First metal bar 5 and the second metal bar 6 are made up of silver, copper, aluminum or gold.The first metal bar 5 in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the second metal bar 6 in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle, and the second metal bar 6 in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the first metal bar 5 in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle.In the metal bar unit of upper strata, the first metal bar 5 and the axial angle α of OX1With the second metal bar 6 and the axial angle α of OX2Not etc..
As preferably, described α1=55 °, α2=35 °.When deflection angle is this angle, the cross polarization conversion ratio of line polarized light and the width in broadband are optimum.
Further, in described construction unit, silicon dioxide substrates 2 is connected between upper strata metal bar unit 3 and lower metal rod unit 4.As another kind of structure, upper strata metal bar unit 3 and lower metal rod unit 4 can also be embedded to completely in silicon dioxide substrates 2.
Further, described upper strata metal bar unit 3 and lower metal rod unit 4 are along the spacing g=80nm of OZ axle；In the metal bar unit of upper strata, along the spacing d=240nm, the length a of the first metal bar 5 of OX axle between center of gravity and the center of gravity of the second metal bar 6 of the first metal bar 51=350nm, the width w=100nm of the first metal bar 5, the thickness t=100nm of the first metal bar 5, the length a of the second metal bar 62Meet: 0nm < a2< 350nm.
The optics metamaterials of the present invention can adopt micro-nano technology technology (such as focused-ion-beam lithography, the method such as electron beam lithography) to be prepared.For focused-ion-beam lithography, in the upper and lower of silicon dioxide liner bottom material, depositing metal films, etch the first metal bar and the second metal bar on upper strata, form upper strata metal bar unit 3；Lower floor etches the second metal bar and the first metal bar, forms lower metal rod unit.
In the present invention, the English full name broadbandasymmetrictransmission of the asymmetric transmission in broadband.Asymmetric transmission and asymmetric transmission.The asymmetric transmission in broadband refers to and can realize in a comparatively wide frequency range: when incident illumination passes through certain metamaterials respectively along OZ axle positive direction and OZ axle opposite direction, the total amount of the transmission light detected is different.
The optics metamaterials of the present invention, relates to the asymmetric transmission in broadband of line polarized light.The periodic structure that this metamaterials is made up of different the first metal bar of two kinds of length and the second metal bar, what neither have in x-y plane is rotationally symmetrical, and what also do not have about z-plane is mirror symmetry.Utilize the Chiral properties of this metamaterials, the polarization state of incident illumination can be changed in a broadband, namely when x (y) incident illumination polarized passes through this metamaterials along OZ axle positive direction and OZ axle opposite direction respectively, the major part of transmission light is converted to y (x) polarization, and then is capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband.Additionally, by the length changing the second metal bar, it is also possible to regulate the response range of asymmetric transmission, namely realize the control to bandwidth further.The advantages such as this metamaterials has easy realization, easily manipulates, and response range width, asymmetric conversion efficiency are high, be widely used.
The optics metamaterials of said structure, when light is by this specific materials, due to this structure neither have in X/Y plane rotationally symmetrical, not there is the mirror symmetry of Z-direction yet, and first the eelctric dipole mode resonance of metal bar 5 occur in low frequency place, the eelctric dipole mode resonance of the second metal bar 6 occurs in high frequency treatment, the near field plasmon (plasmons) of upper strata metal bar unit and lower metal rod unit couples, and makes both resonance responses, in sub-wavelength dimensions scope, the asymmetric transmission formed in broadband that interacts occur.By changing the length of the second metal bar, regulate the width of bandwidth, to meet the practical application demand to asymmetric transmission bandwidth.When the second metal bar 6 length changes, its eelctric dipole mode resonance frequency changes, and then regulates the width in broadband.The present invention can pass through to control the cross polarization conversion of the length adjustment line polarized light of the second metal bar 6 and the bandwidth of asymmetric transmission, can obtain according to actual needs containing microwave THz wave asymmetric transmission characteristic under the different frequency range such as light wave.
In the optics metamaterials of said structure, construction unit has Chiral properties, neither has the symmetry of (OZ axle) on transmission direction, does not also have the rotational symmetry in X-Y plane.When polarizing light irradiation to this construction unit, the transmission coefficient of light can represent with Jones matrix Wherein, txxRepresent the transmission coefficient of x-polarisation incident x polarization transmission；TxyRepresent the transmission coefficient of y-polarisation incident x polarization transmission；TyxRepresent the transmission coefficient of x-polarisation incidence y-polarisation transmission, tyyRepresent the transmission coefficient of y-polarisation incidence y-polarisation transmission.The conversion that this representation is polarization state during analytical line polarized light incidence provides easy method with asymmetric transmission.
Fig. 3 is the single structure unit perspective view along OZ axle negative direction.In Fig. 3, the solid box being arranged in the left side represents the first metal bar of upper strata metal bar unit, the broken box being arranged in the left side represents the second metal bar of lower metal rod unit, the less solid box being arranged in the right represents the second metal bar of upper strata metal bar unit, and the bigger solid box being arranged in the right represents the first metal bar of lower metal rod unit.Wherein, the length of the first metal bar is a1=350nm, the length of the second metal bar is a2=150nm, the width of two kinds of metal bars is w=100nm, and thickness is t=100nm.
To the construction unit with parameter described in Fig. 3, carry out the electromagnetic simulation software simulation test based on time-domain finite difference.Taking incident illumination is x-polarisation light and y-polarisation light, incident along OZ axle positive direction and OZ axle opposite direction respectively.Analogue simulation result of the test is as shown in Figures 4 and 5.In Fig. 4, four curves represent that x-polarisation light and y-polarisation light are along OZ axle positive direction (+k) four the matrix element values injecting in the Jones matrix that specific structure detects.In Fig. 5, four curves represent four matrix element values in the Jones matrix that x-polarisation light and y-polarisation light detect when being injected into specific structure along OZ axle opposite direction (-k).From Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 it can be seen that when along OZ axle positive direction (+k) incidence, in 160THz to 255THz scope, y-polarisation light can be converted into x-polarisation light, and conversion ratio is up to 70%, and x-polarisation light only just can have identical effect when along OZ axle opposite direction incidence.
Comparison diagram 4 and Fig. 5 can obtain: Wherein, f represents that incident illumination transmits along OZ axle positive direction (forward), and b represents that incident illumination transmits along OZ axle opposite direction (backward).
For the total transmittance of line polarized light incident x polarized light and y-polarisation light, by formula Tx=| txx|2+|tyx|2, Ty=| tyy|2+|txy|2Represent.In conjunction with above-mentioned analogue simulation test data, when obtaining x-polarisation light along OZ axle positive direction and OZ axle opposite direction incidence, total transmittance is as shown in Figure 6.When y-polarisation light is along OZ axle positive direction and OZ axle opposite direction incidence, total transmittance is as shown in Figure 7.In conjunction with Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, when line polarized light is along OZ axle positive direction and OZ axle negative direction incidence, total transmittance is misaligned between 160THz to 255THz.This illustrates in this broadband range, and the transmission of line polarized light has obvious asymmetric feature.
The difference Δ T of the absorbance of asymmetric transmission corresponding when being Fig. 6 with reference to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, Fig. 8x, its expression formula is The difference Δ T of asymmetric transmission absorbance corresponding when Fig. 9 is Fig. 7y, its expression formula is Comparison diagram 8 and Fig. 9 are it follows that the difference size of absorbance of x-polarisation light is incident and y-polarisation light incidence obtains asymmetric transmission is identical, and its difference is 0.4, and can remain stable in a broadband.By the method that total transmittance is asked difference, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 further demonstrates this specific structure can realize the asymmetric transmission of line polarized light in a comparatively wide broadband range.
The optics metamaterials of the present invention, by controlling the length of the second metal bar, it is possible to controls the bandwidth of one-way transmission.In order to better illustrate the length by controlling the second metal bar, it is possible to controlling the bandwidth of one-way transmission, Figure 10 gives the difference of the absorbance of asymmetric transmission during x-polarisation incidence.In Figure 10, abscissa represents frequency, unit THz, and vertical coordinate represents the size of absorbance difference.As can be seen from Figure 10: when the length of the second metal bar constantly reduces (0nm < a1< 350nm) time, Δ TxMaximum constant, but the frequency range meeting maximum is continuously increased, the bandwidth of asymmetric transmission is continuously increased.
Above-mentioned experimental demonstration is the asymmetric transmission in broadband of optical band, it is only necessary to structural parameters do simple suitably adjusting, and those skilled in the art can realize the asymmetric transmission in broadband of microwave section.
Although embodiments of the invention being described in detail above in conjunction with accompanying drawing; but not it is limited; above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is only exemplary; it will be understood by those within the art that: it still can without departing under present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection situation; some of which part is modified or replaces; and these amendments and replacement, without departing from the spirit and scope of embodiment of the present invention technical scheme, all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. being capable of an optics metamaterials for the asymmetric transmission in broadband, this optics metamaterials is made up of in periodic arrangement on X/Y plane construction unit (1)；The summit taking a construction unit bottom surface is O point, crosses two bases respectively OX axle and the OY axle on this summit；The limit being perpendicular to these two bases is OZ axle；Each construction unit is by silicon dioxide substrates (2), and is connected to upper strata metal bar unit (3) in silicon dioxide substrates and lower metal rod unit (4) composition；Upper strata metal bar unit (3) and lower metal rod unit (4) are laid up and down along OZ axle；It is characterized in that, every layer of metal bar unit includes first metal bar (5) and second metal bar (6), first metal bar (5) does not contact with the second metal bar (6), the length of the first metal bar (5) is more than the length of the second metal bar (6), the width of the first metal bar (5) is equal to the width of the second metal bar (6), and the thickness of the first metal bar (5) is equal to the thickness of the second metal bar (6)；The first metal bar (5) in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the second metal bar (6) in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle, and the second metal bar (6) in the metal bar unit of upper strata and the first metal bar (5) in lower metal rod unit overlap along OZ axle；In the metal bar unit of upper strata, the first metal bar (5) and the axial angle α of OX1With the second metal bar (6) and the axial angle α of OX2Not etc..
2. the optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described α1=55 °, α2=35 °.
3. the optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described construction unit, silicon dioxide substrates (2) is connected between upper strata metal bar unit (3) and lower metal rod unit (4).
4. the optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described metal bar is made up of silver, copper, aluminum or gold.
5. the optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described upper strata metal bar unit (3) and lower metal rod unit (4) are along the spacing g=80nm of OZ axle；In the metal bar unit of upper strata, along the spacing d=240nm, the length a of the first metal bar (5) of OX axle between center of gravity and the center of gravity of the second metal bar (6) of the first metal bar (5)1=350nm, the width w=100nm of the first metal bar (5), the thickness t=100nm of the first metal bar (5), the length a of the second metal bar (6)2Meet: 0nm < a2<350nm。
6. the optics metamaterials being capable of the asymmetric transmission in broadband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described construction unit (1) has Chiral properties.
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| CN105742826B (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2018-10-19 | 重庆大学 | The asymmetric Meta Materials that can be absorbed near infrared band utilization method promise resonant check |
| CN106356637A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-01-25 | 东北石油大学 | Orthogonal polarization converter on basis of novel artificial electromagnetic materials |
| CN106987812B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2019-02-26 | 陕西师范大学 | It is a kind of regulate and control asymmetric transmission single rectangular hole gold nanometer film and preparation method thereof |
| CN108445571B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2020-10-16 | 陕西师范大学 | Single-layer micro-nano structure for enhancing asymmetric transmission and preparation method thereof |
| CN108793068A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-13 | 电子科技大学中山学院 | Preparation method of double-layer rectangular hole micro-nano structure capable of generating asymmetric transmission |
| CN109557607B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-07-13 | 东阳振东科技服务有限公司 | Y-shaped micro-nano structure |
| CN109901257B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-12-25 | 东南大学 | Visible light metamaterial polarization converter |
| CN110186872B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2022-01-28 | 电子科技大学 | Refractive index sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN111948750B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-05-13 | 北京理工大学 | Metamaterial polarization conversion device with chiral optical activity |
| CN114740562B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-05-23 | 曲阜师范大学 | T-shaped optical diode capable of realizing dual-band polarization conversion |
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| US8958050B2 (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2015-02-17 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Tunable terahertz metamaterial filter |
| CN102692732B (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2014-08-06 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Terahertz-wave asymmetric transmission apparatus based on artificial electromagnetic material |
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