CN103803990B - Cast steel and superalloy straight-bore ceramic filter - Google Patents
Cast steel and superalloy straight-bore ceramic filter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cast steel and superalloy straight-bore ceramic filter, comprise the Al of 65%-85%
2o
3, 11%-33% SiO
2, 1-3% MgO and be no more than 1.5% other alkalimetal oxide.Preferably, its crystalline phase consists of: mullite, 40%-90%; Corundum, 5%-55%; Quartz≤8%; Glassy phase≤5%.This straight-bore ceramic filter is with low cost, can resistance to 1650 DEG C of high-temperature molten steels or superalloy liquid anxious (directly) punching.
Description
Technical field
The bright belonging silicate material of this law, industrial ceramics field, particularly filter the straight-bore ceramic filter of impurity in the molten metal such as molten steel and superalloy in a kind of casting technique.
Background technology
The purification of molten metal plays an important role to the mechanical property improving foundry goods, and therefore, filtering technique is particularly important in molten metal purification.Filtration unit at present for molten metal purification is porcelain filter, can effectively intercept and capture the detrimental impurity in molten metal and make molten metal become laminar flow from turbulent flow, plays purification and homogeneous effect.Porcelain filter can be divided into ceramic foam filter and straight-bore ceramic filter according to structure.The current strainer for cast steel is all almost ceramic foam filter, and all depends on zirconium white for the preparation of the foam filter of cast steel.Because zirconium is a kind of rare metal, therefore, although good filtration effect, fancy price seriously limits its widespread use in cast steel and other high-temperature liquid metal filtration art, just for special steel or the steel of high added value or the casting of alloy.
There is the research of the foam filter of the other materials outside zirconium white to report successively, but up to now, be not also used successfully to the report of cast steel and superalloy.Such as " ceramic engineering " 32 volume the 5th phase (1998) P20-22 reports a kind of corundum-mullite ceramic foam filter, it adopts corundum and additive synthesis to have the strainer of mullite and corundum phase, but testing data proves that this strainer can't reach industrial application requirement, and especially its use temperature is lower than 1600 DEG C.
In a word, cast steel and superalloy be current or zirconia base strainer with strainer, the foam filter of other materials at present also among research (see thanking to peak etc.: the present Research of cast steel Alumina Foam Ceramics strainer, foundry engieering, 29 volumes, 4th phase (in April, 2008), P483-485).
Straight-bore ceramic filter is the new ceramics strainer developed in recent years, there is the features such as outward appearance regularity is good, cold and hot intensity is high, thermal shock resistance good, strainability is good, production cost is lower, but straight-bore ceramic filter is mainly used in the contaminant filter of the low melting point metal liquid such as molten iron, aluminium alloy, copper and alloy thereof at present, not yet has related products to come out in the filtration application of the molten metal such as cast steel and superalloy.A kind of honeycomb ceramic cast iron filter is disclosed in Chinese patent 95226135.9.This honeycomb ceramic cast iron filter matrix is with mullite and trichroite mixing material for raw material adopts ceramic honey comb forming technique to be prepared from, and external form is square, and pass is square hole, and aperture is 2-3mm, the thick 0.3-0.6mm of muscle.This filter openings rate is high, and effective filtration area is large, and pouring flow rate is large, and effectively can reduce eddy current, but its product shape, pass are single, and the molten iron that Applicable temperature is only teeming temperature less than 1500 DEG C filters, and the molten metal bath being not suitable for the higher molten steel of temperature and superalloy liquid filters.The open CN101745912B of Chinese patent discloses a kind of preparation method of straight hole strainer, and this patent adopts compression molding shaping, and complex manufacturing technology, product percentage of open area are low, and can not be used for the filtration of molten steel and superalloy liquid, limit its application.In a word, for straight-bore ceramic filter, there is no the report of the straight hole strainer of filtering high temperature aluminium alloy or cast steel liquid at present.
In sum, this area needs a kind of straight-bore ceramic filter that effectively can filter cast steel liquid or superalloy liquid, that be suitable for industrial application with low cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of straight-bore ceramic filter of low cost high opening rate.This straight-bore ceramic filter is with low cost, can through high temperature single sintering, can resistance to 1650 DEG C of high-temperature molten steels or superalloy liquid anxious (directly) rush.
Cast steel of the present invention and superalloy straight-bore ceramic filter have following chemical composition:
In a kind of embodiment, the crystalline phase of this straight-bore ceramic filter is composed as follows:
In further embodiment, the raw material quality per-cent that strainer adopts is:
As the improvement to aforementioned various scheme, in raw materials used, the particle diameter of flint clay is not more than 200 orders; Kaolinic particle diameter is not more than 200 orders; The particle diameter of aluminum oxide is not more than 300 orders, more preferably no more than 325 orders; Clay particle diameter is not more than or is less than 500 orders; Talcum particle diameter is not more than 500 orders; Andaluzite particle diameter is not more than 100 orders.
As the improvement to aforementioned various scheme, filter blank thickness 20-25mm.
As the improvement to aforementioned various scheme, the muscle of strainer is thick is 0.6-1.2mm, is more preferably between 0.7-1.0mm.
The straight-bore ceramic filter that it is principal phase that the present invention obtains with mullite phase and corundum first, this strainer can tolerate the molten steel impact of 1650 DEG C or higher temperature, there is good heat-shock resistance, and, this strainer has good filtering function, can in filtering molten steel more than 70% impurity.
Embodiment
Unless otherwise stated, term used in context of the present invention has implication given below.Other terms specifically not providing implication herein have its common implication in the art.Raw material alleged in the present invention is the general name of inorganic materials, does not comprise the organic additive added in manufacture craft.Consist of the following composition by weight according to straight hole strainer provided by the invention:
Al
2O
365%-85%；
SiO
211%-33%；
MgO1-3%；
Other alkalimetal oxide < 1.5%.
Other alkalimetal oxide above-mentioned is often because alkalimetal oxide contained in main raw material is introduced.Contriver finds, there is its refractoriness of straight-bore ceramic filter of above-mentioned composition higher than 1750 ° of C, and there is lower thermal expansivity, high-heat resistance shock resistant and stronger high temperature mechanical strength, 1650 DEG C of high-temperature molten steels or superalloy liquid anxious (directly) punching can be tolerated.A feature of the present invention is to comprise the aluminum oxide being not less than 65%, and too low alumina content can make the refractoriness degradation of product; Too high alumina content will affect the conversion of mullite, and thermal expansivity raises, and thermal shock resistance reduces, applied at elevated temperature degradation.Meanwhile, magnesium oxide is introduced with talcum form, its object is to promote product sintering, reduces firing temperature and shortens firing time, suppressing abnormal grain growth simultaneously.
As a kind of preferred implementation, straight-bore ceramic filter of the present invention has following phase composite:
Mullite 40%-90%;
Corundum 5%-55%;
Quartz is no more than 8%;
Glassy phase is no more than 5%,
In above-mentioned phase composite, quartz is exist with free silica form mutually, and it just exists in part production example, when the silicon-dioxide in raw material all reacts with aluminum oxide, is transformed into mullite phase time, will not there is quartzy phase.In the present invention, glassy phase always exists, and because raw material is always containing basic metal or alkaline-earth metal, they can stay in the product with the form of glassy phase, but amount of glassy phase is no more than 5%.
Mullite has good high-temperature mechanics and high temperature thermal property, has that thermal structure intensity is high, high temperature creep rate is low, thermal expansivity is low, resistance to chemical attack is strong, thermal shock resistance high; Corundum has the features such as cold and hot structural strength is high, resistance to chemical attack is strong.In conjunction with both performance advantage, select high quality raw material, the mullite corundum matter straight-bore ceramic filter adopting extrusion moulding to prepare has resistance to suddenly cold and hot, cold and hot physical strength is large, heat shock resistance power is strong, slag resistance is strong, and loading point of inversion is high, and has the features such as high chemical stability (not even being dissolved in hydrofluoric acid) and extremely strong resistance to chemical corrosion.
The raw material preparing strainer of the present invention can be selected from andaluzite, clay, aluminum oxide, silicon-dioxide, silica, kaolin, flint clay, talcum, mullite etc.Can according to component content need assembly is carried out to above-mentioned raw materials.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, flint clay, calcined kaolin are Al
2o
3the mineral clinker of content>=40%; Mullite is Al
2o
3the synthesis material of content 40% ~ 72%; The Al of andaluzite
2o
3>=56%.Aluminum oxide is Al
2o
3the high-temperature calcination aluminum oxide of content>=98%, corundum phase content>=95%; Clay is Al
2o
3the low aluminium clay mineral of content>=20%, as purple order joint, kaolin etc., can select arbitrarily wherein one or both; Talcum is calcination of talc, its content of MgO>=30%.
In the typical embodiment of the present invention, raw materials usedly comprise following ingredients, wherein at least comprise at least one in ripe flint clay, andaluzite and calcined kaolin, and each material composition sum be 100%:
Al
2o
3the ripe flint clay 0%-55% of content>=40%; ,
Al
2o
3the calcined kaolin 0%-55% of content>=40%;
Al
2o
3the andaluzite 0-70% of content>=56%;
Al
2o
3the aluminum oxide 35%-85% of content>=98%;
Al
2o
3the clay 2%-10% of content>=20%;
The talcum 3%-10% of content of MgO >=30%.
In another embodiment of the invention, raw materials usedly comprise following ingredients, wherein at least comprise at least one in ripe flint clay, andaluzite, mullite and calcined kaolin, and each material composition sum be 100%:
Al
2o
3the ripe flint clay 0%-55% of content>=40%; ,
Al
2o
3the calcined kaolin 0%-55% of content>=40%;
Al
2o
3the andaluzite 0-70% of content>=56%;
0%≤Al
2o
3the mullite 40%-95% of content≤72%;
Al
2o
3the clay 2%-10% of content>=20%;
The talcum 3%-10% of content of MgO >=30%;
Al
2o
3the aluminum oxide surplus of content>=98%.
In the present invention's exemplary embodiments, with ripe flint clay, aluminum oxide, clay and talcum for main raw material, wherein flint clay is the source of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, and clay provides silicon oxide on the one hand, increases plasticity of slurry on the one hand; Talcum is used for reducing firing temperature and firing time, suppresses growing up of crystal grain in sintering process simultaneously.
In another typical example of the present invention, with mullite, aluminum oxide, clay and talcum for main raw material, wherein mullite directly can provide the phase composite needed for goods, and aluminum oxide can react with clay and talcum and consume quartzy phase.
In another exemplary embodiments of the present invention, using ripe flint clay, calcined kaolin, andaluzite, aluminum oxide, clay, talcum as main raw material, wherein andaluzite changes mullite in sintering process, along with volumetric expansion, produce tiny crack in the base, improve the hot strength of product.
Preferably the particle diameter of above-mentioned raw materials is selected, such as, the particle diameter of flint clay is not more than or is less than 200 orders, kaolinic particle diameter is not more than or is less than 200 orders, and the particle diameter of aluminum oxide is not more than or is less than 300 orders, be more preferably less than or be less than 325 orders, clay particle diameter is not more than or is less than 500 orders, talcum particle diameter is not more than or is less than 500 orders, andaluzite particle diameter is not more than or is less than 100 orders; Mullite particle diameter is equal to or less than 200 orders, is more preferably equal to or less than 250 orders.Adopt the material of above-mentioned particle diameter to carry out proportioning, the mullitization in product sintering process can be promoted, improve the applied at elevated temperature performance of product.
Just as is well-known in the art, also should comprise appropriate binding agent, softening agent, lubricant etc. in raw materials.Conventional binding agent comprise in Vltra tears, methylcellulose gum or tung oil one or more, but the present invention is not limited thereto, the introduction volume of binding agent is generally between the 3%-11% of raw material; Conventional softening agent comprise in PVA, tung oil, soybean oil, hydraulic efficiency oil one or more, but the present invention is not limited thereto, add-on is generally the 3%-8% of raw material; Conventional lubricant comprise in soybean oil, rape oil, hydraulic efficiency oil one or more, but the present invention is not limited thereto, introduction volume is 3%-8%.
In order to prepare product of the present invention, according to known method, by each mineral by required requirement respectively ball milling sieve, then by certain predetermined proportion and appropriate binder formulation, after batch mixing, the water adding moderate lubrication agent and 14%-22% is mediated.Pug after kneading is shaped through thick experienceds, old, concise, shaping, box microwave, box drying room circulation warming air-dry dry, cut, blow ash, burn till and get final product.
In the present invention, dried base substrate is cut into the thickness of 10-25mm, the thickness of preferred 15-25mm, typically is the thickness of 20-25mm.The thick 0.6-1.2mm of the preferred muscle of strainer of the present invention, more preferably between 0.7-1.0mm.Enough thickness makes product can bear 1650 ° of C high-temperature liquid metals to fling and not broken.
Base substrate after cutting is piled up in pushed bat kiln, fires at the temperature of 1400-1600 DEG C.
The pass of straight-bore ceramic filter can be circular hole, elliptical aperture, delthyrium, square hole, hexagonal hole.Filter cross-section shape, pass, aperture (wide), muscle are thick etc., and parameter can need unitized design according to client.
Embodiment 1:
Straight-bore ceramic filter is for being of a size of 75mm*75mm*20mm, and pass is 2.5mm*2.5mm square hole, the thick 0.7mm of muscle.Ripe flint clay (particle diameter is less than 200 orders) after ball milling is sieved, aluminum oxide (particle diameter is less than 325 orders), clay (particle diameter is less than 500 orders) and talcum (particle diameter is less than 500 orders) weight proportion are that the raw material of 50:45:3:2 is mixed into 200Kg, the Vltra tears of additional raw material weight 6%, ball milling 2 hours, after crossing 100 mesh sieves, add the water of raw material gross weight 20%, the tung oil of 3% and the rape oil of 3%, 20min is mediated in kneader, old 18-24 hour after pug mill pugging 3 times, pug after old is after vacuum pugging, select the extrusion moulding of above-mentioned strainer corresponding mould.Extruding base substrate, after box type microwave oven sizing, carry out circulation warming in 60 DEG C-120 DEG C box drying rooms air-dry dry, dried base substrate cuts into respective thickness, and after blowing ash, in pushed bat kiln, 1480 DEG C/2h burns till and obtains 75mm*75mm*20mm(2.5mm*2.5mm) mullite corundum matter straight-bore ceramic filter.This strainer filters test by 500mm pouring head 1650 DEG C of high-temperature molten steel 300Kg, and strainer is not damaged.By to molten steel composition analysis and Micro-Structure Analysis before and after cast, foreign matter content reduces 70-80%.
Embodiment 2:
Straight-bore ceramic filter is of a size of 100mm*60mm*20mm, and pass is the hexagonal hole of inscribed circle diameter Φ 2.5mm, the thick 0.8mm of muscle.Employing calcined kaolin (particle diameter is less than 200 orders), aluminum oxide (particle diameter is less than 300 orders), clay (particle diameter is less than 500 orders) and talcum (particle diameter is less than 500 orders) weight proportion are that the raw material of 35:60:2:3 is mixed into 200Kg, the Vltra tears of additional raw material weight 6%, ball milling 2 hours, after crossing 100 mesh sieves, add the water of raw material gross weight 18%, 6% high quality soybean oil, 20min is mediated in kneader, old 18-24 hour after pug mill pugging 3 times, pug after old, after vacuum pugging, selects the extrusion moulding of above-mentioned strainer corresponding mould.Extruding base substrate, after box type microwave oven sizing, carry out circulation warming in 60 DEG C-120 DEG C box drying rooms air-dry dry, dried base substrate cuts into respective thickness, and after blowing ash, in pushed bat kiln, 1520 DEG C/2h burns till and obtain 100mm*60mm*20mm inscribed circle diameter Φ 2.5mm hexagonal hole mullite corundum matter straight-bore ceramic filter.This strainer filters test by 500mm pouring head 1650 DEG C of high-temperature molten steel 450Kg, and strainer is not damaged.By to molten steel composition analysis and Micro-Structure Analysis before and after cast, foreign matter content reduces 70-80%.
Embodiment 3:
Straight-bore ceramic filter is 100mm*100mm*25mm, and pass is 3.8mm circular hole, the thick 0.8mm of muscle.Adopt superfine ripe flint clay (particle diameter is less than 200 orders), calcined kaolin (particle diameter is less than 200 orders), aluminum oxide (particle diameter is less than 300 orders), clay (particle diameter is less than 500 orders), talcum (particle diameter is less than 500 orders), andaluzite (particle diameter is less than 500 orders) weight proportion is that the raw material of 15:15:60:2:3:5 is mixed into 200Kg, the Vltra tears of additional raw material weight 6%, ball milling 2 hours, after crossing 100 mesh sieves, add the water of raw material gross weight 18%, the hydraulic efficiency oil of 6%, 20min is mediated in kneader, old 18-24 hour after pug mill pugging 3 times, pug after old is after vacuum pugging, select the extrusion moulding of above-mentioned strainer corresponding mould.Extruding base substrate, after box type microwave oven sizing, carry out circulation warming in 60 DEG C-120 DEG C box drying rooms air-dry dry, and dried base substrate cuts into respective thickness, and after blowing ash, in pushed bat kiln, 1540 DEG C/2h burns till and obtain mullite corundum matter straight-bore ceramic filter.This strainer filters test by 500mm pouring head 1650 DEG C of high-temperature molten steel 650Kg, and strainer is not damaged.By to molten steel composition analysis and Micro-Structure Analysis before and after cast, foreign matter content reduces 70-80%.
Embodiment 4:
Straight-bore ceramic filter is 120mm*120mm*25mm, and pass is 2.5mm*2.5mm square hole, the thick 1.0mm of muscle.(particle diameter is less than 250 orders to adopt mullite, alumina content 65%), aluminum oxide (particle diameter is less than 300 orders), clay (particle diameter is less than 500 orders), talcum (particle diameter is less than 500 orders), andaluzite (particle diameter is less than 500 orders) weight proportion is that the raw material of 70:20:5:3:2 is mixed into 200Kg, the Vltra tears of additional raw material weight 6%, ball milling 2 hours, after crossing 100 mesh sieves, add the water of raw material gross weight 17%, the tung oil of 3% and the rape oil of 3%, 20min is mediated in kneader, old 18-24 hour after pug mill pugging 3 times, pug after old is after vacuum pugging, select the extrusion moulding of above-mentioned strainer corresponding mould.Extruding base substrate, after box type microwave oven sizing, carry out circulation warming in 60 DEG C-120 DEG C box drying rooms air-dry dry, and dried base substrate cuts into respective thickness, and after blowing ash, in pushed bat kiln, 1600 DEG C/2h burns till and obtain mullite corundum matter straight-bore ceramic filter.This strainer filters test by 500mm pouring head 1650 DEG C of high-temperature molten steel 860Kg, and strainer is not damaged.By to molten steel composition analysis and Micro-Structure Analysis before and after cast, foreign matter content reduces 70-80%.
Embodiment 5:
Straight-bore ceramic filter is of a size of 150mm*150mm*25mm, and pass is 3.8mm circular hole, the thick 1.1mm of muscle.Employing andaluzite (particle diameter is less than 200 orders), aluminum oxide (particle diameter is less than 300 orders), clay (particle diameter is less than 500 orders) and talcum (particle diameter is less than 500 orders) weight proportion are that the raw material of 70:25:3:2 is mixed into 200Kg, the Vltra tears of additional raw material weight 6%, ball milling 2 hours, after crossing 100 mesh sieves, add the water of raw material gross weight 18%, 6% high quality soybean oil, 20min is mediated in kneader, old 18-24 hour after pug mill pugging 3 times, pug after old, after vacuum pugging, selects the extrusion moulding of above-mentioned strainer corresponding mould.Extruding base substrate, after box type microwave oven sizing, carry out circulation warming in 60 DEG C-120 DEG C box drying rooms air-dry dry, and dried base substrate cuts into respective thickness, and after blowing ash, in pushed bat kiln, 1520 DEG C/2h burns till and obtain mullite corundum matter straight-bore ceramic filter.This strainer filters test by 500mm pouring head 1650 DEG C of high-temperature molten steel 785Kg, and strainer is not damaged.By to molten steel composition analysis and Micro-Structure Analysis before and after cast, foreign matter content reduces 70-80%.
Some samples are prepared with typical raw material and typical preparation method herein although disclose, and achieve desired result, but those skilled in the art it is expected to, adopt other raw material also may prepare product of the present invention, even achieve and be better than technique effect of the present invention, these are all encompassed within claims limited range.
Claims (5)
1. cast steel and a superalloy straight-bore ceramic filter, is characterized in that, described straight hole Filter Chemical composition is:
Al
2O
365％-85％
SiO
211％-33％
MgO1-3％
Other alkalimetal oxide < 1.5%,
The raw material quality per-cent adopted is:
Wherein, at least comprise the one in ripe flint clay, calcined kaolin and andaluzite, and each material composition sum is 100%, and, wherein,
The particle diameter of flint clay is equal to or less than 200 orders, kaolinic particle diameter is equal to or less than 200 orders, the particle diameter of aluminum oxide is equal to or less than 300 orders, and clay particle diameter is equal to or less than 500 orders, talcum particle diameter is equal to or less than 500 orders, andaluzite particle diameter is equal to or less than 100 orders.
2. cast steel as claimed in claim 1 and superalloy straight-bore ceramic filter, it is characterized in that, described straight-bore ceramic filter crystalline phase is composed as follows:
3. cast steel as claimed in claim 1 and superalloy straight-bore ceramic filter, is characterized in that, base substrate thickness 20-25mm.
4. cast steel as claimed in claim 1 and superalloy straight-bore ceramic filter, it is characterized in that, the muscle of strainer is thick is 0.6-1.2mm.
5. cast steel as claimed in claim 4 and superalloy straight-bore ceramic filter, it is characterized in that, the muscle of strainer is thick is between 0.7-1.0mm.
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| CN105837241B (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2018-12-14 | 济南圣泉倍进陶瓷过滤器有限公司 | Cast steel and high temperature alloy ceramic foam filter and its manufacturing method |
| CN110981539B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-11-16 | 武汉科技大学 | Magnesium oxide based filter containing functional coating multi-pore structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN113999025B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-03-31 | 深圳艾利佳材料科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of low-cost titanium alloy composite ceramic sintering jig |
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| CN102173856A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-09-07 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | Mullite ceramic foam filter for casting and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102173856A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-09-07 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | Mullite ceramic foam filter for casting and preparation method thereof |
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| Title |
|---|
| 过滤净化对铝青铜组织和性能的影响;程骥等;《特种铸造及有色金属》;19921231(第6期);12-15 * |
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