CN103727519B - Device for preventing low-temperature corrosion of economizer heating surface - Google Patents
Device for preventing low-temperature corrosion of economizer heating surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN103727519B CN103727519B CN201310509798.8A CN201310509798A CN103727519B CN 103727519 B CN103727519 B CN 103727519B CN 201310509798 A CN201310509798 A CN 201310509798A CN 103727519 B CN103727519 B CN 103727519B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for preventing low-temperature corrosion of an economizer heating surface, and belongs to the technical field of boilers. The device comprises an economizer system pipeline, a boiler barrel and a mixer. A heat exchanger is arranged on the steam side in the boiler barrel, and a water inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a heat exchanger water inlet pipe which is connected to a water supply control board. A water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a heat exchanger water return pipe which is connected to the mixer. The mixer is further connected with a water inlet pipe which is connected to the water supply control board. An outlet of the mixer is connected to an economizer inlet header of an economizer, and an economizer outlet header of the economizer is connected into the boiler barrel through a boiler barrel water supply pipe. The device enables the temperature of the metal wall at the inlet end of the economizer to be higher than 150 DEG C, so that low-temperature corrosion to the thinnest inlet end of the economizer is avoided, the temperature of the metal wall of the economizer is improved, and the phenomenon of low-temperature corrosion of the economizer heating surface can be prevented on the entire economizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomass direct-combustion boiler technical field, especially a kind of technology preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion.
Background technology
At present, biomass direct-combustion boiler has been applied at home and has promoted, but due to reasons such as biomass fuel undersupplies, boiler can not be operated at full capacity throughout the year under B-MCR, this just makes steam turbine not operate at full capacity, relatedly cause boiler feed temperature throughout the year lower than design load (being generally all not less than 150 DEG C), and tube wall temperature is once lower than 150 DEG C, cold end corrosion speed will increase in geometry multiple, corrosion aggravation phenomenon is caused to economizer, booster is frequent, and boiler continuous operating time significantly shortens, and causes damage to economy of power plant.At present, in domestic boiler technology, the good method also not protecting economizer to perplex from cold end corrosion, run into such situation very general, under such operating mode, economizer can only accept cold end corrosion passively.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: for above-mentioned Problems existing, a kind of device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion is provided, at the economizer entrance point of economizer medium temperature minimum point, economizer inlet water temperature is brought up to the critical point 150 DEG C of cold end corrosion speed aggravation, make the tube wall temperature of economizer entrance point higher than 150 degree, thus the weakest economizer entrance point can be made from cold end corrosion, improve the tube wall temperature of economizer, make whole economizer can prevent the phenomenon of economizer surface cold end corrosion.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, comprise economizer, drum and blender, steam side in described drum is provided with heat exchanger, the water inlet of described heat exchanger is connected with heat exchanger water inlet pipe, described heat exchanger water inlet pipe is connected on feedwater console, the delivery port of described heat exchanger is connected with heat exchanger return pipe, described heat exchanger return pipe is connected on blender, described blender is also connected with water inlet pipe, described water inlet pipe is connected on feedwater console, the outlet of described blender is connected in the economizer import header of economizer, the economizer exit header of described economizer is connected in drum by drum feed pipe.
Owing to have employed said structure, drum is the equipment steam water interface of saturation state being separated into water and steam, the latter half storage saturation water of drum inside, the first half is full of saturated vapor, from the angle of thermal conduction study, the heat transfer coefficient of the ratio of heat transfer coefficient water of steam is much bigger, heat exchanger is arranged on steam side, also in the first half of drum inside, namely arrange that heat exchanger using rate of metal is the highest, feedwater console is for controlling the Cold water supply to blender and heat exchanger, cold water after feedwater console can be fed to and turn in hot device by heat exchanger water inlet pipe, the cold water of supply can heat by heat exchanger in drum, the heating surface of heat exchanger can obtain by calculating as required, heating in drum, cold water becomes hot water in heat exchanger, hot water can flow back into blender from heat exchanger return pipe, be connected on water-supplying operation platform by water inlet pipe on the mixer in addition, make existing Cold water supply in blender, also have by the hot water supply after heating, and after mixing in a mixer, reach 150 ° of more than C, make in blender, by the steam-heated feedwater of drum with do not have the feedwater of heating to mix and reach 150 ° of more than C, and then the hot water of 150 ° of more than C is sent in economizer import header together, make the tube wall temperature of economizer entrance point higher than 150 degree, thus the weakest economizer entrance point can be made from cold end corrosion, improve the tube wall temperature of economizer, make whole economizer can prevent the phenomenon of economizer surface cold end corrosion.When too low through boiler feed temperature, cold water is added again by the hot water temperature after heating in drum, water temperature in blender may be caused when 150 ° of below C, now can close the valve on blender water inlet pipe, feedwater 100% is all heated through drum, enter into blender again, thus the weakest economizer entrance point can be made from cold end corrosion.Heat exchanger in the present invention is according to maximum stream flow operating mode (100% feedwater is all through drum) design, water temperature can be heated to 150 DEG C of designs by 105 DEG C, heating surface considers certain nargin, guarantee in extreme circumstances, feedwater through oxygen-eliminating device can be heated to 150 DEG C, prevents cold end corrosion from occurring in economizer region.
The device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, described heat exchanger is arranged in the first half in drum, the top of described heat exchanger is provided with equal vapour plate, the below of described heat exchanger is provided with steam cleaner, the below of described steam cleaner is provided with cyclone separator, described cyclone separator is connected with drum feed pipe, the below of described cyclone separator is provided with common downcomer.
Drum is the equipment steam water interface of saturation state being separated into water and steam, the latter half storage saturation water of drum inside, the first half is full of saturated vapor, from the angle of thermal conduction study, the heat transfer coefficient of steam is much bigger more than the heat transfer coefficient of water, in the first half of drum inside, arrange that heat exchanger using rate of metal is the highest, therefore select the thermal source of the saturated vapor in drum as heat exchange, and heat exchanger is arranged on steam side, also namely heat exchanger is positioned at the top of cyclone separator, owing to have employed said structure, make the isolated saturated vapor of cyclone separator, the cold water passed through in heat exchanger heats, calculated by hot-cast socket, the size of the middle heating surface of heat exchanger can be calculated quickly and easily, be convenient to design heat exchanger.Drum feed pipe provides feedwater to drum, water in drum enters burner hearth evaporating heating surface by common downcomer, heat exchange is carried out at this place, steam water interface is become after obtaining heat, drum is got back to through carbonated drink tube connector, the power of whole circulation, from the density contrast of the water in common downcomer and the steam water interface in evaporating heating surface, forms Natural Circulation thus.Carbonated drink tube connector feeds steam water interface in cyclone separator, steam water interface can be separated into saturated vapor and water by cyclone separator, saturated vapor wherein through steam cleaner carry out cleaned after, heat exchanger heats, maximum heat transfer coefficient can be obtained, namely maximum heat exchange efficiency, makes heat exchanger using rate of metal reach maximum.After heat exchanger heat exchange, some vapor is condensed into water, and the water droplet that becomes had hangs over below exchanger tube wall, more long-pending larger, when acquiring a certain degree, namely fall into hydrospace below drum, a part rises with steam, at the equal vapour plate through heat exchanger top, be separated, again fall into hydrospace, thus ensure that saturated vapor quality is qualified, guarantee that Turbine Safety runs; And isolated by cyclone separator after water can be gathered in the common downcomer below it, be dispensed into burner hearth evaporating heating surface by down-comer to heat, and then get back to drum, whole process power from the density contrast of steam water interface saturated in saturation water in common downcomer and evaporating heating surface, thus forms Natural Circulation.Heat exchanger in the present invention is according to maximum stream flow operating mode (100% feedwater is all through drum) design, water temperature can be heated to 150 DEG C of designs by 105 DEG C, heating surface considers certain nargin, guarantee in extreme circumstances, feedwater through oxygen-eliminating device can be heated to 150 DEG C, prevents cold end corrosion from occurring in economizer region.
The device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, described common downcomer is connected with recirculation pipe, and described recirculation pipe is connected on the water inlet pipe of blender.
Owing to have employed said structure, the liquid after carbonated drink in drum is separated, collects in the common downcomer of drum inner bottom part and discharges, wherein on the sidewall of common downcomer, be connected with recirculation pipe.Boiler is in initial start stage, and due to the power resources that the water in economizer does not flow, process inactive state, through high-temperature flue gas heating, specific volume changes, and easily causes water hammer, causes damage to economizer tube wall.Such arrangement form, makes the water in economizer by forming natural convection loop between recirculation pipe and drum, can prevent and treat the generation of water hammer.
The device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, the heating surface of described heat exchanger adopts horizontal being arranged in above steam cleaner.
Owing to have employed said structure, the heating surface of heat exchanger adopts horizontal arrangement form, saturated vapor flows through heating surface from bottom to top, condenses into water droplet and stay and get back to waters after heat release, do not have the steam condensed flow through heat exchanger after leave drum through secondary separation and go to superheater system.
The device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, the exit of described blender is provided with the thermocouple surveying water temperature.
Owing to have employed said structure, in blender, mixed with there is no the feedwater of heating by the steam-heated feedwater of drum, then economizer import header is entered together, through the mixed feedwater of blender before leaving blender, need by its water temperature of thermocouple measurement, guarantee that the feed temperature entering economizer import header is more than 150 DEG C, also convenient operation person controls the water yield entering heat exchanger simultaneously, thus guarantee that feedwater reaches the temperature of 150 ° of more than C in blender after mixing, thus make the tube wall temperature of economizer entrance point higher than 150 degree, thus the weakest economizer entrance point can be made from cold end corrosion, improve the tube wall temperature of economizer, make whole economizer can prevent the phenomenon of economizer surface cold end corrosion.
The device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, described heat exchanger water inlet pipe is provided with control valve, and described heat exchanger return pipe is provided with check-valves.
Owing to have employed said structure, check-valves can avoid the aqueous reflux in blender to enter heat exchanger effectively, control valve on heat exchanger water inlet pipe, can regulate entering the discharge of heat exchanger in drum, finally guarantees that mixed water temperature is at 150 ° of more than C in blender.
In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, of the present inventionly by the water heated through beneficial effect be:
1, the device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, structure is simple, easy and simple to handle, easy to use, can effectively prevent economizer surface cold end corrosion, be adapted at boiler technology field and apply.
2, the device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, at the economizer entrance point of economizer medium temperature minimum point, economizer inlet water temperature is brought up to the critical point 150 DEG C of cold end corrosion speed aggravation, make the tube wall temperature of economizer entrance point higher than 150 degree, thus the weakest economizer entrance point can be made from cold end corrosion, improve the tube wall temperature of economizer, make whole economizer can prevent the phenomenon of economizer surface cold end corrosion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of drum in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the relation schematic diagram of metal erosion speed and tube wall temperature in the present invention.
Mark in figure: 1-drum, 2-blender, 3-economizer, 3-1-economizer import header, 3-2-economizer exit header, 4-thermocouple, 5-heat exchanger water inlet pipe, 6-heat exchanger return pipe, 7-drum feed pipe, 8-common downcomer, 9-recirculation pipe, 10-control valve, 11-check-valves, 12-feed water console, 13-heat exchanger, the equal vapour plate of 14-, 15-steam cleaner, 16-cyclone separator.
Detailed description of the invention
All features disclosed in this description, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Arbitrary feature disclosed in this description (comprising any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalence or similar characteristics.
The device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, often to meet with sulfur corrosion different from typical coal-fired boiler, and the corrosion of biomass boiler, mainly from elemental chlorine, is shown in Fig. 4, metal surface (tube wall) temperature (DEG C).
As seen from the figure, the low-temperature zone below 150 DEG C, mainly electrochemical corrosion, metal erosion speed is very fast.Therefore, the present invention, in order to solve cold end corrosion problem, just from one of the reason of cold end corrosion speed aggravation---tube wall temperature is set about, solves an economizer cold end corrosion difficult problem.
The heating surface tube wall temperature of economizer, depends on the factor of following several respects: flue-gas temperature, medium temperature, flue gas flow rate, velocity of medium, metal material etc.: wherein the impact of flue-gas temperature on tube wall temperature is less; Flue gas flow rate affects comparatively large by the replacement cost that Fan Selection economy and heating surface wear are brought, formed the cigarette speed optimum range that cost performance is the highest; Velocity of medium affects greatly by on-way resistance, and larger flow velocity no doubt can reduce tube wall temperature to a certain extent, but will increase the power of feed pump, and larger water pump and power of fan will increase operating cost, reduce economy of power plant; Metal material is chosen according to product cost supreme principle, can not change easily; Medium temperature has the greatest impact to tube wall temperature.
In sum, the present invention utilizes affects tube wall temperature the most significantly medium temperature, consider economizer medium temperature minimum point especially and be positioned at economizer entrance point, the weak link of this place cold end corrosion just, as long as economizer inlet water temperature to be brought up to the critical point 150 DEG C of cold end corrosion speed aggravation, and this place's flue-gas temperature must higher than 150 DEG C, this place's tube wall temperature is necessarily higher than 150 DEG C like this, thus avoids cold end corrosion.
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, comprise economizer 3, drum 1 and blender 2, steam side in described drum 1 is provided with heat exchanger 13, wherein said heat exchanger 13 is arranged in the first half in drum 1, the heating surface employing of wherein said heat exchanger 13 is horizontal to be arranged in above steam cleaner 15, the top of described heat exchanger 13 is provided with equal vapour plate 14, the below of described heat exchanger 13 is provided with steam cleaner 15, the below of described steam cleaner 15 is provided with cyclone separator 16, above described drum, the vapor space is provided with drum feed pipe 7, the below of described cyclone separator 16 is provided with common downcomer 8, described common downcomer 8 is connected with recirculation pipe 9, described recirculation pipe 9 is connected on the water inlet pipe of blender 2, the water inlet of described heat exchanger 13 is connected with heat exchanger water inlet pipe 5, described heat exchanger water inlet pipe 5 is connected on feedwater console 12, state heat exchanger water inlet pipe 5 and be provided with control valve 10, the delivery port of described heat exchanger 13 is connected with heat exchanger return pipe 6, described heat exchanger return pipe 6 is connected on blender 2, described heat exchanger return pipe 6 is provided with check-valves 11, described blender 2 is also connected with water inlet pipe, described water inlet pipe is connected on feedwater console 12, the outlet of described blender 2 is connected on the economizer import header 3-1 of economizer 3, the exit of wherein said blender 2 is provided with the thermocouple 4 surveying water temperature, the economizer exit header 3-2 of described economizer 3 is connected in drum 1 by drum feed pipe 7.
The heating surface of the heat exchanger in the present invention adopts horizontal arrangement form, saturated vapor flows through heating surface from bottom to top, condense into water droplet after heat release to stay and get back to waters, do not have the steam condensed flow through heat exchanger after leave drum through secondary separation and go to superheater system.
The device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, from the shunting of main feedwater arterial highway, part feedwater directly removes drum, pipeline is arranged control valve and regulates going to the discharge of heat exchanger in drum.Feed water in drum with carry out through the saturated vapor of first separation after heat exchange is heated to uniform temperature, leaves drum and going to blender.In blender, mixed with there is no the feedwater of heating by the steam-heated feedwater of drum, then economizer import header is entered together, mixed economizer feedwater by thermocouple measurement water temperature, regulated by regulating the control valve going to the supply line of drum the discharge going to heat exchanger in drum before leaving blender.When boiler feed temperature is too low, the electric check valve main feedwater can gone on blender pipeline cuts out, and makes feedwater 100% all through drum.
In the present invention, drum is the equipment steam water interface of saturation state being separated into water and steam, the latter half storage saturation water of drum inside, the first half is full of saturated vapor, from the angle of thermal conduction study, the heat transfer coefficient of the ratio of heat transfer coefficient water of steam is far much bigger, heat exchanger is arranged on steam side, also in the first half of drum inside, namely arrange that heat exchanger using rate of metal is the highest, feedwater console is for controlling the Cold water supply to blender and heat exchanger, cold water after feedwater console can be fed in heat exchanger by heat exchanger water inlet pipe, the cold water of supply can heat by heat exchanger in drum, the heating surface of heat exchanger can obtain by calculating as required, heating in drum, cold water becomes hot water in heat exchanger, hot water can flow back into blender from heat exchanger return pipe, be connected on water-supplying operation platform by water inlet pipe on the mixer in addition, make existing Cold water supply in blender, also have by the hot water supply after heating, and after mixing in a mixer, reach 150 ° of more than C, and then the hot water of 150 ° of more than C is sent in economizer import header together, make the tube wall temperature of economizer entrance point higher than 150 degree, thus the weakest economizer entrance point can be made from cold end corrosion, improve the tube wall temperature of economizer, make whole economizer can prevent the phenomenon of economizer surface cold end corrosion.When too low through boiler feed temperature, cold water is added again by the hot water temperature after heating in drum, water temperature in blender may be caused when 150 ° of below C, now can close the valve on blender water inlet pipe, feedwater 100% is all heated through drum, enter into blender again, thus the weakest economizer entrance point can be made from cold end corrosion.Heat exchanger in the present invention is according to maximum stream flow operating mode (100% feedwater is all through drum) design, water temperature can be heated to 150 DEG C of designs by 105 DEG C, heating surface considers certain nargin, guarantee in extreme circumstances, feedwater through oxygen-eliminating device can be heated to 150 DEG C, prevents cold end corrosion from occurring in economizer region.
The device preventing economizer surface cold end corrosion of the present invention, at the economizer entrance point of economizer medium temperature minimum point, economizer inlet water temperature is brought up to the critical point 150 DEG C of cold end corrosion speed aggravation, make the tube wall temperature of economizer entrance point higher than 150 degree, thus the weakest economizer entrance point can be made from cold end corrosion, improve the tube wall temperature of economizer, make whole economizer can prevent the phenomenon of economizer surface cold end corrosion.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid detailed description of the invention.The present invention expands to any new feature of disclosing in this manual or any combination newly, and the step of the arbitrary new method disclosed or process or any combination newly.
Claims (4)
1. one kind prevents the device of economizer surface cold end corrosion, it is characterized in that: it comprises economizer (3), drum (1) and blender (2), steam side in described drum (1) is provided with heat exchanger (13), the water inlet of described heat exchanger (13) is connected with heat exchanger water inlet pipe (5), described heat exchanger water inlet pipe (5) is connected in feedwater console (12), the delivery port of described heat exchanger (13) is connected with heat exchanger return pipe (6), described heat exchanger return pipe (6) is connected on blender (2), (2) are also connected with water inlet pipe with described blender, described water inlet pipe is connected in feedwater console (12), the outlet of described blender (2) is connected in the economizer import header (3-1) of economizer (3), the economizer exit header (3-2) of described economizer (3) is connected in drum (1) by drum feed pipe (7), described heat exchanger (13) is arranged in the first half in drum (1), the top of described heat exchanger (13) is provided with equal vapour plate (14), the below of described heat exchanger (13) is provided with steam cleaner (15), the below of described steam cleaner (15) is provided with cyclone separator (16), described cyclone separator (16) is connected with drum feed pipe (7), the below of described cyclone separator (16) is provided with common downcomer (8), described common downcomer (8) is connected with recirculation pipe (9), described recirculation pipe (9) is connected on the water inlet pipe of blender (2).
2. prevent the device of economizer surface cold end corrosion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the heating surface of described heat exchanger (13) adopts horizontal being arranged in above steam cleaner (15).
3. prevent the device of economizer surface cold end corrosion as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the exit of described blender (2) is provided with the thermocouple (4) surveying water temperature.
4. prevent the device of economizer surface cold end corrosion as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described heat exchanger water inlet pipe (5) is provided with control valve (10), described heat exchanger return pipe (6) is provided with check-valves (11).
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CN104154523B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2015-11-18 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | A kind of feed pipe structure of drum inside |
CN105841137A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-10 | 哈尔滨华氏海德科技发展有限公司 | Wall temperature controllable coal economizer |
US11041409B2 (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2021-06-22 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Combined cycle power plant having condensate recirculation pump using venturi effect |
CN108775573A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-09 | 江西四冶钢结构有限责任公司 | A kind of novel electricity generation boiler of burning away the refuse |
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US4318366A (en) * | 1980-04-01 | 1982-03-09 | Aqua-Chem, Inc. | Economizer |
JPH01123902A (en) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-16 | Ebara Corp | Feed water supply system for boiler |
CN2689057Y (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2005-03-30 | 上海宁松热能环境工程有限公司 | Corrosion-proof self-preheating coal savers |
CN201666565U (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2010-12-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Complementary combustion type waste heat boiler of catalytic cracking unit |
CN201599783U (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2010-10-06 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Coal-fired superheated steam generator |
CN201836872U (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-05-18 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | Water supply heater of boiler |
CN203159420U (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-08-28 | 永清环保股份有限公司 | System for reducing corrosion to tail heating surface of glass melter waste heat boiler |
CN203656895U (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-06-18 | 华西能源工业股份有限公司 | Device for preventing low temperature corrosion on coal economizer heating surfaces |
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Effective date of registration: 20170111 Address after: 643000 Zigong city of Sichuan Province, Ziliujing District hi tech Industrial Zone, Rong Sichuan Road No. 66 Patentee after: Zigong Huaxi Energy Industry Co., Ltd. Address before: 643000 Zigong city of Sichuan Province, Ziliujing District hi tech Industrial Zone, Rong Sichuan Road No. 66 Patentee before: China Western Power Industrial Co., Ltd. |