CN103663437B - Magnetron sputtering technique is utilized to prepare graphene quantum dot - Google Patents

Magnetron sputtering technique is utilized to prepare graphene quantum dot Download PDF

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CN103663437B
CN103663437B CN201310518141.8A CN201310518141A CN103663437B CN 103663437 B CN103663437 B CN 103663437B CN 201310518141 A CN201310518141 A CN 201310518141A CN 103663437 B CN103663437 B CN 103663437B
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quantum dot
graphene quantum
magnetron sputtering
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CN103663437A (en
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刘敬权
潘东晓
单福凯
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Qingdao Huagao Graphene Technology Corp ltd
QINGDAO HUAGAO INK MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
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Qingdao China High Energy Gamma Source Science And Technology Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method preparing graphene quantum dot.The principal character of this method is: radiofrequency magnetron sputtering technology is prepared Graphene mixed film, filtered purify through diluted hydrochloric acid dissolution, dialysis membrane, obtains the graphene quantum dot with the sub-productive rate of higher amount.This method operation is very simple, and environmentally friendly, the quantum dot quantum productive rate obtained is very high, and graphene quantum dot grain size can be regulated by change target blending ratio and sputtering power, has extensive preparation potentiality and broad prospect of application.

Description

Magnetron sputtering technique is utilized to prepare graphene quantum dot
Technical field
This invention relates to a kind of novel method preparing graphene quantum dot, adopts cheap Graphite Powder 99 and simple oxide to be raw material, utilizes magnetron sputtering technique room temperature to prepare monodispersity good, and have the method for the graphene quantum dot of the characteristics of luminescence.
Background technology
Graphene (Graphene) is by a kind of Novel carbon material of monolayer carbon atom tightly packed one-tenth bi-dimensional cellular shape crystalline structure.After two-dimensional graphene successfully obtained in 2004, cause the research boom of people to this novel material.This two-dimensional material has special electric property (electron mobility etc. as quantum hall effect abnormal under good electroconductibility, normal temperature, superelevation), and (face conductance is 3000wm to good heat conductance -1k -1) and higher physical strength (face intensity is 1060Gpa), broad stopband can according to features such as the random cuttings of demand of its device, make it achieve new progress in the research in the fields such as monomolecular gases detection, unicircuit, transparency conductive electrode, biological devices, ultracapacitor and stress-electric coupling device, there is important theoretical investigation and be worth and wide application prospect.
As member's quantum dot up-to-date in carbon family, compensate for the defect of Graphene to a great extent, become one of study hotspot recently.Graphene quantum dot is the another Novel Carbon Nanomaterials after soccerballene and carbon nanotube, he is that size is less than 10nm and has the spherical fluorescent carbon nano particle of good dispersion, it not only has the fluorescence quantum yield compared favourably with conventional semiconductors quantum dot (as CdS, CdSe and nucleocapsid structure thereof), and there is excellent biocompatibility, asepsis environment-protecting is easy to the advantage such as surface-functionalized.The graphene quantum dot having quantum size has from blue light to the ruddiness continuous fluorescence characteristics of luminescence, and good stability, resistance to bleaching, without features such as optical flares.
Current preparation method has multiple, but can be divided into and from the bottom to top two large classes generally from top to bottom.From organism, obtain carefully small and scattered graphene quantum dot by means such as chemical oxidation, microwave treatment, organic charings from bottom to up, raw material due to such method selection is Nonrenewable energy resources and needs strict treatment process, so be unfavorable for popularization of accomplishing scale production; Class methods utilize arc-over, laser and electrochemical means directly to obtain from the carbon material of bulk or carbon nanotube from top to bottom, these class methods often need strict experiment condition or the special energy, cost is high, and the fluorescence quantum yield obtaining graphene quantum dot is less.
Through finding the existing retrieval preparing graphene quantum dot technology, be usually divided into physical preparation method and chemical synthesis process.The method that the people such as Pan use hydro-thermal to shear micron order graphene sheet layer has first prepared the graphene quantum dot of different size.The method that the people such as Li use electrochemistry to cut out has prepared size uniformity, monodispersed graphene quantum dot.The people such as Liu use the technology of chemical stripping graphene oxide, then utilize hydrazine hydrate reduction to obtain the graphene quantum dot of hyperfluorescenceZeng Yongminggaoyingguang.The people such as the Dong graphene quantum dot being of a size of 15nm that utilized the chemical synthesis process of pyrolysis citric acid to prepare, also been observed the phenomenon of graphene quantum dot photoluminescence.Graphene quantum dot prepared by aforesaid method, the fluorescence of graphene quantum dot own is very poor, needs to process further as (PEG1500N, Edamine, oleyl amine etc.) by organism, just can obtain the good graphene quantum dot of fluorescence.Through inquiring about the technical information of this area, have not yet to see the novel method utilizing radiofrequency magnetron sputtering technology (RFMagnetronSputtering) to prepare graphene quantum dot.
Summary of the invention
A kind of radiofrequency magnetron sputtering technology is the object of the present invention is to provide to prepare the method for graphene quantum dot, the method with the hybrid target of cheap graphite and simple oxide for starting material, have that cost is low, technique is simple, be easy to the advantages such as industrialization production, high-density, large ratio of height to width, size uniform, graphene quantum dot that controllability is good can be obtained, achieve and utilize have the radiofrequency magnetron sputtering technology of maturation process to prepare good quantum dot by changing growth conditions.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) rf magnetron sputtering target used is the mixing target of graphite and simple oxide (Ga203, ZnO, Al2O3, CuO etc.), high purity graphite and simple oxide powder is adopted to be raw material, by the hybrid ceramic target mixing, grind, sintering process prepares different graphite ratio.Wherein graphite proportion is 2-90mol%;
(2) described glass substrate needs effects on surface process in advance, concrete grammar: use acetone, alcohol, deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 8-12 minute successively, preliminary removing substrate surface organism and inorganic contaminants, and high pure nitrogen dries up; Adopt ion beam cleaning rifle cleaning glass substrate surface, glass substrate is put into ion beam sputtering indoor, employing ion beam sputtering technology utilizes the Ar+ ionized out to clean glass substrate surface, removing surface particle and impurity particle further;
(3) adopt radiofrequency magnetron sputtering technology in clean glass substrate, grow the film sample of different graphite blending ratio.Glass substrate and hybrid ceramic target are put into magnetron sputtering equipment, the ceramic target being mixed with different graphite ratio is sputtered, at the film sample of deposition on glass 20-100nm;
(4) film sample of above-mentioned preparation is put into dilute hydrochloric acid solution, after Film Fractionation, utilize molecular weight be 1000 dialysis membrane halogen is filtered out.
The described ceramic target starting material of step of the present invention (1) are graphite and the simple oxide (Ga of purity 5N 2o 3, ZnO, Al 2o 3, CuO) powder, put into ball grinder after taking respectively according to different content of graphite (2-90mol%) and mix, powder total mass amounts to 80g; Treat that ball milling is complete, in mixed powder, add 2-5ml polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fully mix as adhesion agent; Under the pressure of 30-50MPa pressurize 3-5 minute by target compression moulding; Target sintering temperature parameter: per minute intensification 1-2 DEG C, is warming up to 1000-1100 DEG C, is incubated Temperature fall after 3-5 hour.
When ion beam cleaning rifle described in step of the present invention (2) cleans glass surface, first glass substrate is put into ion beam chamber, argon gas is passed into after being extracted into high vacuum, heater current adds to 4A to tungsten filament preheating, pre-sputtering is carried out after preheating completes, its parameter is beam intensity 8-12mA, sparking voltage is 60-80V, and operating air pressure is 4 × 10 -2pa; Sample is moved to corresponding target position after pre-sputtering completes to clean glass substrate surface, under ensureing the condition that pre-sputtering experiment condition is constant, is cleaned to substrate surface 50-60 second,
Step of the present invention (3) is described when utilizing rf magnetron sputtering to prepare the film sample of different graphite blending ratio, distance between ceramic target and glass substrate is 40-80mm, background air pressure is 1 × 10-4mTorr, passing into high-purity argon gas is sputter gas, operating pressure is 0.5-2mTorr, sputtering power is 20-100W, and growth time is 5-20 minute;
Graphene quantum dot place dispersion agent described in step of the present invention (4) is salt aqueous acid, and the dialysis membrane being 1000 by molecular weight filters out the halogen in solution,
The critical nature of the important graphene quantum dot that the present invention obtains is measured: do transmission electron microscope and detect.Result display graphene quantum dot is dispersion state, and the grain size of Graphene is mainly distributed in 8-12nm; Fluorescent emission nature examination to the graphene quantum dot that the present invention obtains: be that the ultraviolet lamp of 365nm irradiates graphene quantum dot solution example with wavelength, can obviously observe strong blue light; Detect with spectrophotofluorometer, result shows that graphene quantum dot has multiple VISIBLE LIGHT EMISSION characteristic.
Product prepared by preparation technology of the present invention and the method has the following advantages:
(1) monodispersity: the median size of graphene quantum dot prepared by the present invention is 10nm, and it is narrow that quantum dot is evenly distributed size;
(2) technique is simple: the present invention is relatively traditional, and quantum dot preparation technology has advantage simple to operate, and preparation process only relates to two operating process;
(3) quantum point grain diameter controllability: the median size of graphene quantum dot prepared by the present invention can reach by regulating blending ratio and sputtering power;
(4) batch production is easy to: because rf magnetron sputtering equipment can amplify according to the scale of suitability for industrialized production, so may be used for industrial mass manufacture;
(5) preparation technology's environmental protection: the equal nontoxicity of simple oxide powder that the present invention uses, chemical reagent used is cheap, nontoxic hydrochloric acid dilute solution;
(6) the excellent characteristics of luminescence: graphene quantum dot prepared by the present invention has less size, quantum confined effect is remarkable, therefore sends the light of green glow or other colors in UV-light, purple light, blue-light excited lower meeting;
(7) both water-soluble: graphene dispersion agent of the present invention is salt aqueous acid, these dispersion agents have the advantages that can dissolve each other with water, alcohol, ether etc., therefore graphene quantum dot of the present invention can be used in aqueous solution systems.
Based on above advantage, obtain graphene quantum dot material by present method, the aspect such as research and apply of the photoelectron in the fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, material, bioluminescence, matrix material can be widely used in.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the transmission electron microscope picture of the graphene quantum dot of preparation.
Fig. 2 is the fluorescence emission spectrogram of the graphene quantum dot of preparation.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1: a kind of preparation method of graphene quantum dot comprises the following steps:
(1) be m by quality cthe powdered graphite of=0.24g and quality are m othe ZnO powder mixing and ball milling (graphite 2mol%) of=79.76g, treats that ball milling is complete, adds 3ml polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and stir as adhesion agent in mixed powder; Under the pressure of 40MPa, pressurize 4 minutes is by target compression moulding; Target sintering temperature parameter: per minute heats up 1.5 DEG C, is incubated 4 hours after being warming up to 1100 DEG C.
(2) put into magnetron sputtering chamber after treating glass substrate cleaning, the distance between ceramic target and glass substrate is 60mm, and background air pressure is 1 × 10 -4mTorr, passing into high-purity argon gas is sputter gas, and operating pressure is 0.5mTorr, and sputtering power is 40W, and growth time is 15 minutes.
The film sample of above-mentioned preparation is put into hydrochloric acid dilute solution, after Film Fractionation, utilize molecular weight be 1000 dialysis membrane halogen is filtered out.
Embodiment 2: similar to Example 1, its difference is to change ZnO powder into Ga 2o 3.
Embodiment 3: similar to Example 1, its difference is to change ZnO powder into Al 2o 3.
Embodiment 4: similar to Example 1, its difference is to change ZnO powder into CuO.
Embodiment 5: similar to Example 1, its difference is to change the powdered graphite quality taken into 0.62g (graphite 5mol%).
Embodiment 6: similar to Example 1, its difference is to change the powdered graphite quality taken into 1.29g (graphite 10mol%).
Embodiment 7: similar to Example 1, its difference is to change the powdered graphite quality taken into 2.86g (graphite 20mol%).
Embodiment 8: similar to Example 1, its difference is to change the powdered graphite quality taken into 10.31g (graphite 50mol%).
Embodiment 9: similar to Example 1, its difference is to change the powdered graphite quality taken into 55.47g (graphite 70mol%).
Embodiment 10: similar to Example 1, its difference is to change the powdered graphite quality taken into 68.08g (graphite 90mol%).

Claims (2)

1. utilize radio frequency magnetron sputtering method to prepare a method for graphene quantum dot, comprise the following steps:
(1) synthesis of graphite-oxide ceramics target: be m by quality cthe powdered graphite of=0.24g and quality are m othe ZnO powder mixing and ball milling of=79.76g, treats that ball milling is complete, adds 3ml polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and stir as adhesion agent in mixed powder; Under the pressure of 40MPa, pressurize 4 minutes is by target compression moulding; Target sintering temperature parameter: per minute heats up 1.5 DEG C, is incubated 4 hours after being warming up to 1100 DEG C;
(2) preparation of graphene quantum dot: gained ceramic target in (1) is put into magnetron sputtering chamber, and utilize high-purity argon gas to bombard target as sputter gas, the distance between ceramic target and glass substrate is 60mm, and background air pressure is 1 × 10 -4mTorr, operating pressure is 0.5mTorr, and sputtering power is 40W, and growth time is 15 minutes; The magnetron sputtering sample prepared is put into dilute hydrochloric acid solution, after Film Fractionation, utilize molecular weight be 1000 dialysis membrane halogen is filtered out; Utilize transmission electron microscope (TEM) to observe the structural performance of the graphene quantum dot of preparation, utilize fluorescent spectrophotometer measuring fluorescence spectrum.
2. according to preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (1), ZnO can by Ga 2o 3, Al 2o 3, CuO replace.
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