CN103576354B - Liquid crystal display with light-sensing input mechanism - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display with light-sensing input mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN103576354B CN103576354B CN201310395540.XA CN201310395540A CN103576354B CN 103576354 B CN103576354 B CN 103576354B CN 201310395540 A CN201310395540 A CN 201310395540A CN 103576354 B CN103576354 B CN 103576354B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 101100005297 Mus musculus Cat gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101100099821 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) cbs-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101100449067 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) cbs-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid crystal display with a light-sensing input mechanism, which comprises a gate line for transmitting a gate signal, a data line for transmitting a data signal, a pixel unit for outputting an image signal according to the gate signal and the data signal, an energy storage unit for storing sensing voltage, a first light-sensing unit, a second light-sensing unit and a reading unit. The first photo-sensing unit is used for generating a first photocurrent according to a first common voltage and an incident light signal. The second photo-sensing unit is used for generating a second photocurrent according to a second common voltage and the incident light signal. The difference current between the second photocurrent and the first photocurrent is used to adjust the induced voltage, and the readout unit outputs a readout signal according to the induced voltage and the gate signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid crystal display, espespecially a kind of liquid crystal display of tool photoinduction input mechanism.
Background technology
In recent years, the electronic product of tool panel input mechanism has become product fashion trend, utilize input display as the communication interface between user and electronic product, user can be allowed by display directly to be controlled the operation of electronic product, and do not need by keyboard or mouse.The input mechanism of input display is divided into photoinduction input pattern and touching input pattern, wherein touching input pattern display easily can make display impaired because of regular display touch action, therefore photoinduction input pattern display can have longer serviceable life.Generally speaking, photocurrent/the Bias characteristics of the photoinduction transistor that photoinduction input pattern display uses changes with incident light brightness, substantially when bias voltage is fixed, the higher then photocurrent of incident light brightness is larger, so just utilize the operating characteristics of the different photocurrents corresponding to different incident light brightness to carry out input induction, the first photocurrent for example produced under the first incident light brightness can be used to expression first input state, and the second photocurrent produced under lower than the second incident light brightness of the first incident light brightness can be used to expression second input state, wherein the first photocurrent is greater than preset critical, and the second photocurrent is less than preset critical.But long bias voltage/irradiation running can cause the skew of photocurrent/Bias characteristics, to operate with long bias voltage/irradiation with the photocurrent of identical incident light brightness and increasing so correspond to identical bias.That is after long bias voltage/irradiation running, if bias operation scope is large not, then higher than preset critical, so may will there is input state erroneous judgement because of family curve skew in above-mentioned second photocurrent, thus cause the misoperation of late-class circuit.
Summary of the invention
According to embodiments of the invention, disclose a kind of liquid crystal display of tool photoinduction input mechanism, it comprises one and is used for transmitting the gate line, of signal and is used for the data line, of transmission of data signals and is used for storing the energy-storage units of induced voltage, a pixel cell, one first photoinduction unit, one second photoinduction unit and a sensing element.The pixel cell being electrically connected on gate line and data line is used for according to signal and data-signal with output image signal.The the first photoinduction unit being electrically connected on energy-storage units is used for according to the first common voltage and incident optical signal to produce the first photocurrent.The the second photoinduction unit being electrically connected on the first photoinduction unit and energy-storage units is used for according to differing from the second common voltage of the first common voltage and incident optical signal to produce the second photocurrent, and wherein the difference current of the second photocurrent and the first photocurrent is in order to adjust induced voltage.The sensing element being electrically connected on energy-storage units and gate line is used for according to induced voltage and signal to export read output signal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of first embodiment of the invention;
The relation schematic diagram that Fig. 2 changes bias voltage Vgs for the difference current Ipdif when liquid crystal display shown in Fig. 1 operates;
The work coherent signal waveform schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is the liquid crystal display shown in Fig. 1, wherein transverse axis is time shaft;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of second embodiment of the invention;
The work coherent signal waveform schematic diagram that Fig. 5 is the liquid crystal display shown in Fig. 4, wherein transverse axis is time shaft;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of fourth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of fifth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of sixth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of seventh embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of eighth embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, Reference numeral
100,200,300,400,500,600,700,800 liquid crystal display
101 gate lines
102 data lines
103 sense wires
104 first bias lines
105 second bias lines
110 photoinduction input medias
120,220,420,520,620,720,820 first photoinduction unit
121,221,421,521,621,721,821 first photoinduction transistors
129,229,429,529,629,729,829 first colored filters
130,330,430,530,630,730,830 second photoinduction unit
131,331,431,531,631,731,831 second photoinduction transistors
139,339,439,539,639,739,839 second colored filters
140 energy-storage units
141 electric capacity
150 sensing elements
151 transistors
180 signal processing units
190 pixel cells
206,406,606,806 the 3rd bias lines
333,433,533,633,733,833 the 3rd photoinduction transistors
523,623,723,823 the 4th photoinduction transistors
BXn+1 first bias line
BYn+1 second bias line
BZn+1 the 3rd bias line
CAS_1, CAS_2, CBS_1, CBS_2 relation curve
DAn_m, DBn_m, DCn_m, DDn_m, DEn_m, DFn_m, photoinduction input media
DGn_m、DHn_m、
GLn, GLn+1 gate line
Ipdif difference current
Iph1 first photocurrent
Iph2 second photocurrent
Ith critical current
RLm sense wire
SGn, SGn+1 signal
Sro_m read output signal
Ta1, Ta2, Ta3, Tb1, Tb2, Tb3 period
Va induced voltage
Vc1 first common voltage
Vc2 second common voltage
Vc3 the 3rd common voltage
Vgs, Vgs1, Vgs2, Vgs3, Vgs4 bias voltage
Vout output voltage
Vst starting potential
Embodiment
Hereafter according to the liquid crystal display of tool photoinduction input mechanism of the present invention, coordinate appended accompanying drawing to elaborate especially exemplified by embodiment, but the embodiment provided being not used to limit the scope that the present invention is contained.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of first embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, liquid crystal display 100 comprises many gate lines 101, a plurality of data lines 102, many sense wires 103, many first bias lines 104, many second bias lines 105, multiple pixel cell 190, multiple photoinduction input media 110 and signal processing units 180.Each gate line 101 is used for transmitting corresponding signal.Each data line 102 is used for transmitting corresponding data signal.The write that each pixel cell 190 is used for carrying out according to corresponding signal corresponding data signal operates, and exports corresponding signal of video signal according to this.Each first bias line 104 is used for transmission first common voltage Vc1.Each second bias line 105 is used for transmission second common voltage Vc2.Each sense wire 103 is electrically connected on multiple photoinduction input media 110, is used for transmitting corresponding read output signal.The signal processing unit 180 being electrically connected on many sense wires 103 is used for each read output signal being converted to corresponding output voltage Vout.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, all adjacent photoinduction input media 110 of each pixel cell 190.In another embodiment, photoinduction input media 110 can many, interval gate line 101 and arranging, or interval a plurality of data lines 102 and arranging, that is not each pixel cell 190 is all adjacent with photoinduction input media 110.In like manner, the first bias line 104 and the second bias line 105 can many, interval gate lines 101 and arranging accordingly, or sense wire 103 can interval a plurality of data lines 102 and arranging accordingly.Hereafter according to photoinduction input media DAn_m so that coupled relation and the circuit operation principles of each element to be described, all the other photoinduction input medias 110 can in like manner be analogized.
Photoinduction input media DAn_m comprises the first photoinduction unit 120, second photoinduction unit 130, energy-storage units 140 and sensing element 150.Energy-storage units 140 is used for storing induced voltage Va.The the first photoinduction unit 120 being electrically connected on energy-storage units 140, gate lines G Ln+1 and the first bias line BXn+1 is used for according to signal SGn+1, the first common voltage Vc1 and incident optical signal to produce the first photocurrent Iph1.Be electrically connected on the second bias line BYn+1, the first photoinduction unit 120 and the second photoinduction unit 130 of energy-storage units 140 be used for according to differing from the second common voltage Vc2 of the first common voltage Vc1 and incident optical signal to produce the second photocurrent Iph2, and the difference current Ipdif of the second photocurrent Iph2 and the first photocurrent Iph1 is namely in order to adjust induced voltage Va.Be electrically connected on energy-storage units 140 to be used for according to induced voltage Va and signal SGn with the sensing element 150 of gate lines G Ln to export read output signal Sro_m.
In the embodiment in figure 1, first photoinduction unit 120 comprises the first photoinduction transistor 121 and the first colored filter 129, second photoinduction unit 130 comprises the second photoinduction transistor 131 and the second colored filter 139, energy-storage units 140 comprises electric capacity 141, and sensing element 150 comprises transistor 151.First photoinduction transistor 121 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for receiving the gate terminal and of signal SGn+1 and is used for second end of reception first common voltage Vc1.The first colored filter 129 corresponding to the first photoinduction transistor 121 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the first optical wavelength range of incident optical signal, that is the light sensing wave band of the first photoinduction unit 120 is the first optical wavelength range.Between the first end that electric capacity 141 is electrically connected on the first photoinduction transistor 121 and the second end.Transistor 151 has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being used for receiving induced voltage Va is used for receiving signal SGn is used for exporting read output signal Sro_m.
Second photoinduction transistor 131 comprises first end, the second end and gate terminal, and wherein first end and gate terminal are electrically connected on electric capacity 141, and the second end is used for reception second common voltage Vc2.The second colored filter 139 corresponding to the second photoinduction transistor 131 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the second optical wavelength range of incident optical signal, that is the light sensing wave band of the second photoinduction unit 130 is the second optical wavelength range.Second optical wavelength range can partly overlap or not overlapping first optical wavelength range.In another embodiment, the first colored filter 129 and the second colored filter 139 can omit, and the first photoinduction unit 120 has light sensing wave band identical in fact with the second photoinduction unit 130.In the running of liquid crystal display 100, because the photocurrent/Bias characteristics of the first photoinduction transistor 121 and the second photoinduction transistor 131 offsets and can compensate mutually substantially, therefore difference current Ipdif affected by long-time bias voltage/irradiation running hardly on the relation curve of bias voltage Vgs, provides the photoinduction input mechanism of high-reliability according to this.
The relation schematic diagram that Fig. 2 changes bias voltage Vgs for the difference current Ipdif when liquid crystal display shown in Fig. 1 operates, wherein curve C BS_1 is in order to be presented at the difference current Ipdif/ bias voltage Vgs relation corresponding to low incident light height before long-time bias voltage/irradiation running, curve C BS_2 is in order to be presented at the difference current Ipdif/ bias voltage Vgs relation corresponding to high incident light height before long-time bias voltage/irradiation running, curve C AS_1 is in order to be presented at the difference current Ipdif/ bias voltage Vgs relation corresponding to low incident light height after long-time bias voltage/irradiation running, curve C AS_2 is in order to be presented at the difference current Ipdif/ bias voltage Vgs relation corresponding to high incident light height after long-time bias voltage/irradiation running, and critical current Ith is in order to judge the input state corresponding to difference current Ipdif.
As shown in Figure 2, the bias operation scope between Vgs1 and Vgs3 before long-time bias voltage/irradiation running can be defined according to relation curve CBS_1 and CBS_2, and the bias operation scope between Vgs2 and Vgs4 after long-time bias voltage/irradiation running can be defined according to relation curve CAS_1 and CAS_2.As mentioned above, due to the photocurrent/Bias characteristics migration effect of the first photoinduction transistor 121 and the second photoinduction transistor 131, trace skew is only there is in difference current Ipdif/ bias voltage Vgs relation curve after long-time bias voltage/irradiation running, so the bias operation range delta Vgs be applicable to before and after long-time bias voltage/irradiation running only slightly reduces the difference of Vgs2 and Vgs1 than the bias operation scope before long-time bias voltage/irradiation running, that is enough large bias operation range delta Vgs still can be provided to judge situation by accident to avoid that input state occurs.
Photocurrent/Bias characteristics migration the effect that note that the first photoinduction transistor 121 and the second photoinduction transistor 131 is the situation of background white light for incident light substantially.If user utilizes the light pen based on the first optical wavelength range to operate to carry out light input, then the light intensity of light pen incident light after the first colored filter 129 filters process does not almost decay, therefore the first photoinduction unit 120 can the induction light pen incident light of almost not decaying, then almost decay to zero as the light intensity of light pen incident light after the second colored filter 139 filters process, therefore the running of the second photoinduction transistor 131 affects by light pen incident light hardly.That is, when light pen incident light irradiates photoinduction input media DAn_m, quite high difference current Ipdif can be produced according to this, thus high photoinduction sensitivity is provided.From the above, the photoinduction input running of liquid crystal display 100 has high-reliability and high sensitivity concurrently.
The work coherent signal waveform schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is the liquid crystal display shown in Fig. 1, wherein transverse axis is time shaft.In fig. 2, basipetal signal is respectively signal SGn, signal SGn+1, the induced voltage Va corresponding to low incident light brightness and the induced voltage Va corresponding to high incident light brightness.Consult Fig. 3 and Fig. 1, in period Ta1, the high-potential voltage of signal SGn+1 can conducting first photoinduction transistor 121, and then induced voltage Va is reset to starting potential Vst.In period Ta2, the low-potential voltage of signal SGn+1 can make the first photoinduction transistor 121 enter cut-off state, now the first photoinduction transistor 121 can respond to incident optical signal to produce the first photocurrent Iph1, second photoinduction transistor 131 can respond to incident optical signal to produce the second photocurrent Iph2, and namely the difference current Ipdif of the first photocurrent Iph1 and the second photocurrent Iph2 is used for carrying out electric discharge to electric capacity 141 operates to adjust induced voltage Va.When incident optical signal only comprises background white light (corresponding to low incident light brightness), due to the photocurrent/Bias characteristics migration effect of the first photoinduction transistor 121 and the second photoinduction transistor 131, no matter whether through long-time bias voltage/irradiation running, as shown in Figure 3, corresponding to the induced voltage Va of low incident light brightness only according to quite low and by the difference current Ipdif of running time effects, trace declines hardly.
When incident optical signal comprises background white light and light pen incident light, second photocurrent Iph2 affects by light pen incident light hardly, first photocurrent Iph1 is then because light pen incident light significantly increases, therefore difference current Ipdif also significantly increases thereupon, now as shown in Figure 3, the induced voltage Va corresponding to high incident light brightness can decline to a great extent according to quite high difference current Ipdif.In period Ta3, the high-potential voltage of signal SGn can turn-on transistor 151 to export read output signal Sro_m, induced voltage Va then can be pulled up in the readout process.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of second embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 4, liquid crystal display 200 is similar to the liquid crystal display 100 shown in Fig. 1, Main Differences is multiple photoinduction input media 110 to be replaced into multiple photoinduction input media 210, and separately comprise many articles of the 3rd bias lines 206, wherein photoinduction input media DAn_m is replaced into photoinduction input media DBn_m.Each article the 3rd bias line 206 is used for transmission the 3rd common voltage Vc3.Photoinduction input media DBn_m is similar to photoinduction input media DAn_m, and Main Differences is the first photoinduction unit 120 to be replaced into the first photoinduction unit 220.First photoinduction unit 220 comprises the first photoinduction transistor 221 and the first colored filter 229.First photoinduction transistor 221 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception the 3rd common voltage Vc3 and is used for second end of reception first common voltage Vc1.The first colored filter 229 corresponding to the first photoinduction transistor 221 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the first optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.In one embodiment, second common voltage Vc2 is greater than the first common voltage Vc1, and the first common voltage Vc1 is greater than the 3rd common voltage Vc3, the first photoinduction transistor 221 and the second photoinduction transistor 131 is made all to continue to remain on inverse inclined state in operation according to this.
The work coherent signal waveform schematic diagram that Fig. 5 is the liquid crystal display shown in Fig. 4, wherein transverse axis is time shaft.In Figure 5, basipetal signal is respectively signal SGn, signal SGn+1, the induced voltage Va corresponding to low incident light brightness and the induced voltage Va corresponding to high incident light brightness.Consult Fig. 5 and Fig. 4, in period Tb1, the high-potential voltage of signal SGn can turn-on transistor 151 to export read output signal Sro_m, induced voltage Va then can be reset in the readout process as starting potential Vst.In period Tb2, the low-potential voltage of signal SGn can make transistor 151 enter cut-off state, now the first photoinduction transistor 221 can respond to incident optical signal to produce the first photocurrent Iph1, second photoinduction transistor 131 can respond to incident optical signal to produce the second photocurrent Iph2, and namely the difference current Ipdif of the first photocurrent Iph1 and the second photocurrent Iph2 is used for carrying out electric discharge to electric capacity 141 operates to adjust induced voltage Va.When incident optical signal only comprises background white light, due to the photocurrent/Bias characteristics migration effect of the first photoinduction transistor 221 and the second photoinduction transistor 131, no matter whether through long-time bias voltage/irradiation running, as shown in Figure 5, corresponding to the induced voltage Va of low incident light brightness only according to quite low and by the difference current Ipdif of running time effects, trace declines hardly.
When incident optical signal comprises background white light and light pen incident light, second photocurrent Iph2 affects by light pen incident light hardly, first photocurrent Iph1 is then because light pen incident light significantly increases, therefore difference current Ipdif also significantly increases thereupon, now as shown in Figure 5, the induced voltage Va corresponding to high incident light brightness can decline to a great extent according to quite high difference current Ipdif.In period Tb3, the high-potential voltage of signal SGn can turn-on transistor 151 be to export read output signal Sro_m again, and induced voltage Va then can be reset as starting potential Vst in the readout process.Note that the running of photoinduction input media DBn_m not controlled by signal SGn+1, and the replacement of starting potential Vst running completes at readout, therefore do not need the extra replacement exclusive period to reset starting potential Vst.Substantially, the photoinduction input mechanism of liquid crystal display 200 is roughly similar to the liquid crystal display 100 shown in Fig. 1, therefore its photoinduction input running still has high-reliability and high sensitivity concurrently.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of third embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 6, liquid crystal display 300 is similar to the liquid crystal display 100 shown in Fig. 1, Main Differences is multiple photoinduction input media 110 to be replaced into multiple photoinduction input media 310, and wherein photoinduction input media DAn_m is replaced into photoinduction input media DCn_m.Photoinduction input media DCn_m is also similar to photoinduction input media DAn_m, and Main Differences is the second photoinduction unit 130 to be replaced into the second photoinduction unit 330.Second photoinduction unit 330 comprises the second photoinduction transistor 331, the 3rd photoinduction transistor 333 and the second colored filter 339.Second photoinduction transistor 331 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for receiving the second end that the gate terminal and of signal SGn+1 is electrically connected on the 3rd photoinduction transistor 333.3rd photoinduction transistor 333 has gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the second photoinduction transistor 331 is electrically connected on the first end of the second photoinduction transistor 331 and is used for second end of reception second common voltage Vc2.The second colored filter 339 corresponding to the second photoinduction transistor 331 and the 3rd photoinduction transistor 333 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the second optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.When incident optical signal only comprises background white light, if difference current Ipdif rises because of photocurrent/Bias characteristics skew, then the 3rd photoinduction transistor 333 can increase its negative bias because induced voltage Va declines, 3rd photoinduction transistor 333 like this will produce the second higher photocurrent Iph2 to reduce difference current Ipdif, therefore can provide further compensating effect and make photoinduction input running have more high-reliability.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of fourth embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 7, liquid crystal display 400 is similar to the liquid crystal display 100 shown in Fig. 1, Main Differences is multiple photoinduction input media 110 to be replaced into multiple photoinduction input media 410, and separately comprise many articles of the 3rd bias lines 406, wherein photoinduction input media DAn_m is replaced into photoinduction input media DDn_m.Each article the 3rd bias line 406 is used for transmission the 3rd common voltage Vc3.Photoinduction input media DDn_m is similar to photoinduction input media DAn_m, and Main Differences is the first photoinduction unit 120 to be replaced into the first photoinduction unit 420, and the second photoinduction unit 130 is replaced into the second photoinduction unit 430.First photoinduction unit 420 comprises the first photoinduction transistor 421 and the first colored filter 429.Second photoinduction unit 430 comprises the second photoinduction transistor 431, the 3rd photoinduction transistor 433 and the second colored filter 439.
First photoinduction transistor 421 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception the 3rd common voltage Vc3 and is used for second end of reception first common voltage Vc1.The first colored filter 429 corresponding to the first photoinduction transistor 421 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the first optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.Second photoinduction transistor 431 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception the 3rd common voltage Vc3 and is electrically connected on the second end of the 3rd photoinduction transistor 433.3rd photoinduction transistor 433 has gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the second photoinduction transistor 431 is electrically connected on the first end of the second photoinduction transistor 431 and is used for second end of reception second common voltage Vc2.The second colored filter 439 corresponding to the second photoinduction transistor 431 and the 3rd photoinduction transistor 433 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the second optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.In one embodiment, second common voltage Vc2 is greater than the first common voltage Vc1, and the first common voltage Vc1 is greater than the 3rd common voltage Vc3, the first photoinduction transistor 421, second photoinduction transistor 431 and the 3rd photoinduction transistor 433 is made all to continue to remain on inverse inclined state in operation according to this.The photoinduction input operation principles of liquid crystal display 400 can coordinate the compensating effect of the 3rd photoinduction transistor 333 of Fig. 6 according to the photoinduction input operation principles of the liquid crystal display 200 of above-mentioned Fig. 4 and analogize, and repeats no more.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of fifth embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 8, liquid crystal display 500 is similar to the liquid crystal display 100 shown in Fig. 1, Main Differences is multiple photoinduction input media 110 to be replaced into multiple photoinduction input media 510, and wherein photoinduction input media DAn_m is replaced into photoinduction input media DEn_m.Photoinduction input media DEn_m is also similar to photoinduction input media DAn_m, and Main Differences is the first photoinduction unit 120 to be replaced into the first photoinduction unit 520, and the second photoinduction unit 130 is replaced into the second photoinduction unit 530.First photoinduction unit 520 comprises the first photoinduction transistor 521, the 4th photoinduction transistor 523 and the first colored filter 529.Second photoinduction unit 530 comprises the second photoinduction transistor 531, the 3rd photoinduction transistor 533 and the second colored filter 539.
First photoinduction transistor 521 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for receiving the second end that the gate terminal and of signal SGn+1 is electrically connected on the 4th photoinduction transistor 523.4th photoinduction transistor 523 has a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the first photoinduction transistor 521 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception first common voltage Vc1 and is used for second end of reception first common voltage Vc1.The first colored filter 529 corresponding to the first photoinduction transistor 521 and the 4th photoinduction transistor 523 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the first optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.Second photoinduction transistor 531 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for receiving the second end that the gate terminal and of signal SGn+1 is electrically connected on the 3rd photoinduction transistor 533.3rd photoinduction transistor 533 has gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the second photoinduction transistor 531 is electrically connected on the first end of the second photoinduction transistor 531 and is used for second end of reception second common voltage Vc2.The second colored filter 539 corresponding to the second photoinduction transistor 531 and the 3rd photoinduction transistor 533 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the second optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.When incident optical signal only comprises background white light, if difference current Ipdif rises because of photocurrent/Bias characteristics skew, then the 4th photoinduction transistor 523 can according to less pressure drop to reduce the first photocurrent Iph1, and then reduce difference current Ipdif, therefore further compensating effect can be provided and make photoinduction input running have more high-reliability.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of sixth embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 9, liquid crystal display 600 is similar to the liquid crystal display 100 shown in Fig. 1, Main Differences is multiple photoinduction input media 110 to be replaced into multiple photoinduction input media 610, and separately comprise many articles of the 3rd bias lines 606, wherein photoinduction input media DAn_m is replaced into photoinduction input media DFn_m.Each article the 3rd bias line 606 is used for transmission the 3rd common voltage Vc3.Photoinduction input media DFn_m is also similar to photoinduction input media DAn_m, and Main Differences is the first photoinduction unit 120 to be replaced into the first photoinduction unit 620, and the second photoinduction unit 130 is replaced into the second photoinduction unit 630.First photoinduction unit 620 comprises the first photoinduction transistor 621, the 4th photoinduction transistor 623 and the first colored filter 629.Second photoinduction unit 630 comprises the second photoinduction transistor 631, the 3rd photoinduction transistor 633 and the second colored filter 639.
First photoinduction transistor 621 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception the 3rd common voltage Vc3 and is electrically connected on the second end of the 4th photoinduction transistor 623.4th photoinduction transistor 623 has a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the first photoinduction transistor 621 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception first common voltage Vc1 and is used for second end of reception first common voltage Vc1.The first colored filter 629 corresponding to the first photoinduction transistor 621 and the 4th photoinduction transistor 623 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the first optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.Second photoinduction transistor 631 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception the 3rd common voltage Vc3 and is electrically connected on the second end of the 3rd photoinduction transistor 633.3rd photoinduction transistor 633 has gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the second photoinduction transistor 631 is electrically connected on the first end of the second photoinduction transistor 631 and is used for second end of reception second common voltage Vc2.The second colored filter 639 corresponding to the second photoinduction transistor 631 and the 3rd photoinduction transistor 633 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the second optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.The photoinduction input operation principles of liquid crystal display 600 can coordinate the compensating effect of the 3rd photoinduction transistor 333 of Fig. 6 and the 4th photoinduction transistor 523 of Fig. 8 according to the photoinduction input operation principles of the liquid crystal display 200 of above-mentioned Fig. 4 and analogize, and repeats no more.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of seventh embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 10, liquid crystal display 700 is similar to the liquid crystal display 100 shown in Fig. 1, Main Differences is multiple photoinduction input media 110 to be replaced into multiple photoinduction input media 710, and wherein photoinduction input media DAn_m is replaced into photoinduction input media DGn_m.Photoinduction input media DGn_m is also similar to photoinduction input media DAn_m, and Main Differences is the first photoinduction unit 120 to be replaced into the first photoinduction unit 720, and the second photoinduction unit 130 is replaced into the second photoinduction unit 730.First photoinduction unit 720 comprises the first photoinduction transistor 721, the 4th photoinduction transistor 723 and the first colored filter 729.Second photoinduction unit 730 comprises the second photoinduction transistor 731, the 3rd photoinduction transistor 733 and the second colored filter 739.
First photoinduction transistor 721 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for receiving the second end that the gate terminal and of signal SGn+1 is electrically connected on the 4th photoinduction transistor 723.4th photoinduction transistor 723 has a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the first photoinduction transistor 721 and is used for receiving the gate terminal and of signal SGn+1 and is used for second end of reception first common voltage Vc1.The first colored filter 729 corresponding to the first photoinduction transistor 721 and the 4th photoinduction transistor 723 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the first optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.Second photoinduction transistor 731 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for receiving the second end that the gate terminal and of signal SGn+1 is electrically connected on the 3rd photoinduction transistor 733.3rd photoinduction transistor 733 has gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the second photoinduction transistor 731 is electrically connected on the first end of the second photoinduction transistor 731 and is used for second end of reception second common voltage Vc2.The second colored filter 739 corresponding to the second photoinduction transistor 731 and the 3rd photoinduction transistor 733 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the second optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.When incident optical signal only comprises background white light, if difference current Ipdif rises because of photocurrent/Bias characteristics skew, then the 4th photoinduction transistor 723 can according to less pressure drop to reduce the first photocurrent Iph1, and then reduce difference current Ipdif, therefore further compensating effect can be provided and make photoinduction input running have more high-reliability.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display of the tool photoinduction input mechanism of eighth embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 11, liquid crystal display 800 is similar to the liquid crystal display 100 shown in Fig. 1, Main Differences is multiple photoinduction input media 110 to be replaced into multiple photoinduction input media 810, and separately comprise many articles of the 3rd bias lines 806, wherein photoinduction input media DAn_m is replaced into photoinduction input media DHn_m.Each article the 3rd bias line 806 is used for transmission the 3rd common voltage Vc3.Photoinduction input media DHn_m is also similar to photoinduction input media DAn_m, and Main Differences is the first photoinduction unit 120 to be replaced into the first photoinduction unit 820, and the second photoinduction unit 130 is replaced into the second photoinduction unit 830.First photoinduction unit 820 comprises the first photoinduction transistor 821, the 4th photoinduction transistor 823 and the first colored filter 829.Second photoinduction unit 830 comprises the second photoinduction transistor 831, the 3rd photoinduction transistor 833 and the second colored filter 839.
First photoinduction transistor 821 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception the 3rd common voltage Vc3 and is electrically connected on the second end of the 4th photoinduction transistor 823.4th photoinduction transistor 823 has a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the first photoinduction transistor 821 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception the 3rd common voltage Vc3 and is used for second end of reception first common voltage Vc1.The first colored filter 829 corresponding to the first photoinduction transistor 821 and the 4th photoinduction transistor 823 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the first optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.Second photoinduction transistor 831 has a first end, being electrically connected on electric capacity 141 and is used for the gate terminal and of reception the 3rd common voltage Vc3 and is electrically connected on the second end of the 3rd photoinduction transistor 833.3rd photoinduction transistor 833 has gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of the second photoinduction transistor 831 is electrically connected on the first end of the second photoinduction transistor 831 and is used for second end of reception second common voltage Vc2.The second colored filter 839 corresponding to the second photoinduction transistor 831 and the 3rd photoinduction transistor 833 is used for leaching the incident light component falling within the second optical wavelength range of incident optical signal.The photoinduction input operation principles of liquid crystal display 800 can coordinate the compensating effect of the 3rd photoinduction transistor 333 of Fig. 6 and the 4th photoinduction transistor 723 of Figure 10 according to the photoinduction input operation principles of the liquid crystal display 200 of above-mentioned Fig. 4 and analogize, and repeats no more.
In sum, in the running of the liquid crystal display of tool photoinduction input mechanism of the present invention, by the photocurrent/Bias characteristics migration effect of the first photoinduction transistor AND gate second photoinduction transistor, bias operation scope only slightly reduces after long-time bias voltage/irradiation running, so enough large bias operation scope still can be provided to judge situation by accident to avoid that input state occurs.In addition, by the running of the first colored filter and the second colored filter, then high photoinduction sensitivity can be provided.That is the photoinduction input running of liquid crystal display of the present invention has high-reliability and high sensitivity concurrently.
Certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; when not deviating from the present invention's spirit and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art are when making various corresponding change and distortion according to the present invention, but these change accordingly and are out of shape the protection domain that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.
Claims (24)
1. a liquid crystal display for tool photoinduction input mechanism, is characterized in that, it comprises:
One first grid polar curve, is used for transmission one first grid signal;
One data line, is used for transmission one data-signal;
One pixel cell, is electrically connected on this first grid polar curve and this data line, and this pixel cell is used for according to this first grid signal and this data-signal to export a signal of video signal;
One energy-storage units, is used for storage one induced voltage;
One first photoinduction unit, is electrically connected on this energy-storage units, and this first photoinduction unit is used for according to one first common voltage and an incident optical signal to produce one first photocurrent;
One second photoinduction unit, be electrically connected on this first photoinduction unit and this energy-storage units, this the second photoinduction unit is used for differing from the second common voltage of this first common voltage and this incident optical signal to produce one second photocurrent according to one, and wherein a difference current of this second photocurrent and this first photocurrent is in order to adjust this induced voltage; And
One sensing element, is electrically connected on this energy-storage units and this first grid polar curve, and this sensing element is used for according to this induced voltage and this first grid signal to export a read output signal.
2. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units and is used for gate terminal and that reception one differs from the 3rd common voltage of this first and second common voltage and is used for receiving the second end of this first common voltage.
3. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise a second gate line being used for transmission one second grid signal, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second grid signal is used for receiving this first common voltage.
4. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units and is used for reception one and differs from gate terminal and one second end of the 3rd common voltage of this first and second common voltage; And
One the 4th photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this first photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this first common voltage is used for receiving this first common voltage.
5. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise a second gate line being used for transmission one second grid signal, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has gate terminal and one second end that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second grid signal; And
One the 4th photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this first photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this first common voltage is used for receiving this first common voltage.
6. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units and is used for reception one and differs from gate terminal and one second end of the 3rd common voltage of this first and second common voltage; And
One the 4th photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this first photoinduction transistor is used for receiving the 3rd common voltage is used for receiving this first common voltage.
7. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise a second gate line being used for transmission one second grid signal, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has gate terminal and one second end that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second grid signal; And
One the 4th photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this first photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this second grid signal is used for receiving this first common voltage.
8. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this second photoinduction unit comprises:
One second photoinduction transistor, has the gate terminal that the second end and that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second common voltage is electrically connected on this first end.
9. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this second photoinduction unit comprises:
One second photoinduction transistor, has a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units and is used for reception one and differs from gate terminal and one second end of the 3rd common voltage of this first and second common voltage; And
One the 3rd photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this second photoinduction transistor is electrically connected on the first end of this second photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this second common voltage.
10. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise a second gate line being used for transmission one second grid signal, wherein this second photoinduction unit comprises:
One second photoinduction transistor, has gate terminal and one second end that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second grid signal; And
One the 3rd photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this second photoinduction transistor is electrically connected on the first end of this second photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this second common voltage.
11. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this energy-storage units comprises the electric capacity that one is electrically connected on this first photoinduction unit, this second photoinduction unit and this sensing element.
12. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein this sensing element comprises:
One transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being used for receiving this induced voltage is used for receiving this first grid signal is used for exporting this read output signal.
13. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, wherein:
The light sensing wave band of this first photoinduction unit is one first optical wavelength range; And
The light sensing wave band of this second photoinduction unit is second optical wavelength range differing from this first optical wavelength range.
14. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, wherein not overlapping or this first optical wavelength range that partly overlaps of this second optical wavelength range system.
15. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units and is used for gate terminal and that reception one differs from the 3rd common voltage of this first and second common voltage and is used for receiving the second end of this first common voltage; And
One corresponds to the first colored filter of this first photoinduction transistor, is used for leaching the incident light component falling within this first optical wavelength range of this incident optical signal.
16. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, also comprise a second gate line being used for transmission one second grid signal, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second grid signal is used for receiving this first common voltage; And
One corresponds to the first colored filter of this first photoinduction transistor, is used for leaching the incident light component falling within this first optical wavelength range of this incident optical signal.
17. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units and is used for reception one and differs from gate terminal and one second end of the 3rd common voltage of this first and second common voltage;
One the 4th photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this first photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this first common voltage is used for receiving this first common voltage; And
One corresponds to the first colored filter of this first photoinduction transistor AND gate the 4th photoinduction transistor, is used for leaching the incident light component falling within this first optical wavelength range of this incident optical signal.
18. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, also comprise a second gate line being used for transmission one second grid signal, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has gate terminal and one second end that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second grid signal;
One the 4th photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this first photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this first common voltage is used for receiving this first common voltage; And
One corresponds to the first colored filter of this first photoinduction transistor AND gate the 4th photoinduction transistor, is used for leaching the incident light component falling within this first optical wavelength range of this incident optical signal.
19. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units and is used for reception one and differs from gate terminal and one second end of the 3rd common voltage of this first and second common voltage;
One the 4th photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this first photoinduction transistor is used for receiving the 3rd common voltage is used for receiving this first common voltage; And
One corresponds to the first colored filter of this first photoinduction transistor AND gate the 4th photoinduction transistor, is used for leaching the incident light component falling within this first optical wavelength range of this incident optical signal.
20. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, also comprise a second gate line being used for transmission one second grid signal, wherein this first photoinduction unit comprises:
One first photoinduction transistor, has gate terminal and one second end that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second grid signal;
One the 4th photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this first photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this second grid signal is used for receiving this first common voltage; And
One corresponds to the first colored filter of this first photoinduction transistor AND gate the 4th photoinduction transistor, is used for leaching the incident light component falling within this first optical wavelength range of this incident optical signal.
21. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, wherein this second photoinduction unit comprises:
One second photoinduction transistor, has the gate terminal that the second end and that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second common voltage is electrically connected on this first end; And
One corresponds to the second colored filter of this second photoinduction transistor, is used for leaching the incident light component falling within this second optical wavelength range of this incident optical signal.
22. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, wherein this second photoinduction unit comprises:
One second photoinduction transistor, has a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units and is used for reception one and differs from gate terminal and one second end of the 3rd common voltage of this first and second common voltage;
One the 3rd photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this second photoinduction transistor is electrically connected on the first end of this second photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this second common voltage; And
One corresponds to the second colored filter of this second photoinduction transistor AND gate the 3rd photoinduction transistor, is used for leaching the incident light component falling within this second optical wavelength range of this incident optical signal.
23. liquid crystal display according to claim 13, is characterized in that, also comprise a second gate line being used for transmission one second grid signal, wherein this second photoinduction unit comprises:
One second photoinduction transistor, has gate terminal and one second end that a first end, being electrically connected on this energy-storage units is used for receiving this second grid signal;
One the 3rd photoinduction transistor, has the second end that gate terminal and that a first end, being electrically connected on the second end of this second photoinduction transistor is electrically connected on the first end of this second photoinduction transistor is used for receiving this second common voltage; And
One corresponds to the second colored filter of this second photoinduction transistor AND gate the 3rd photoinduction transistor, is used for leaching the incident light component falling within this second optical wavelength range of this incident optical signal.
24. liquid crystal display according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
One sense wire, is electrically connected on this sensing element, and this reading linear system is used for transmitting this read output signal; And
One signal processing unit, is electrically connected on this sense wire, and this signal processing unit system is used for this read output signal to be converted to an output voltage.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW100114257 | 2011-04-25 | ||
| TW100114257A TWI425494B (en) | 2011-04-25 | 2011-04-25 | Liquid crystal display having photo-sensing input mechanism |
| CN 201110184785 CN102207647B (en) | 2011-04-25 | 2011-06-28 | Liquid crystal display with light-sensing input mechanism |
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| CN 201110184785 Division CN102207647B (en) | 2011-04-25 | 2011-06-28 | Liquid crystal display with light-sensing input mechanism |
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| CN103576354A CN103576354A (en) | 2014-02-12 |
| CN103576354B true CN103576354B (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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| CN201310395540.XA Expired - Fee Related CN103576354B (en) | 2011-04-25 | 2011-06-28 | Liquid crystal display with light-sensing input mechanism |
| CN 201110184785 Expired - Fee Related CN102207647B (en) | 2011-04-25 | 2011-06-28 | Liquid crystal display with light-sensing input mechanism |
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| TWI450158B (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2014-08-21 | Au Optronics Corp | Photo sensor of a photo type touch panel and control method thereof |
| TWI457548B (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2014-10-21 | Au Optronics Corp | Light sense appratus and method of adjustion thereof |
| TWI507948B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2015-11-11 | Au Optronics Corp | Substrate with touch function and display using the same substrate |
| TWI489354B (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2015-06-21 | Au Optronics Corp | Photosensitive pixel circuit of touch module |
| CN104200784B (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2017-07-28 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Pixel-driving circuit and its driving method, array base palte, Transflective display device |
| TWI588716B (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2017-06-21 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | Optical sensing circuit and display panel utilizing the same |
| KR102395843B1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2022-05-06 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Display device |
| CN110702223B (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2022-12-13 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Light sensing circuit |
| TWI703314B (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2020-09-01 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | Optical sensing circuit, optical sensing circuit array, and method for determining light color by using the same |
| TWI699516B (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2020-07-21 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | Optical sensing circuit and method for determining light color by using the same |
| CN112071277A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-11 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Driving circuit and driving method thereof |
| US11315514B2 (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2022-04-26 | Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co., Ltd. | Driver circuit and driving method thereof |
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| CN102207647B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
| TW201243814A (en) | 2012-11-01 |
| CN103576354A (en) | 2014-02-12 |
| CN102207647A (en) | 2011-10-05 |
| TWI425494B (en) | 2014-02-01 |
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