CN103483516B - Preparation method of graphene oxide-boron-modified phenolic resin - Google Patents

Preparation method of graphene oxide-boron-modified phenolic resin Download PDF

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CN103483516B
CN103483516B CN201310450626.8A CN201310450626A CN103483516B CN 103483516 B CN103483516 B CN 103483516B CN 201310450626 A CN201310450626 A CN 201310450626A CN 103483516 B CN103483516 B CN 103483516B
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graphene oxide
phenolic resin
boron
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modifiedphenolic
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CN103483516A (en
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肖宗源
易新龙
王晓威
邵文尧
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Xiamen University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of graphene oxide-boron-modified phenolic resin, and relates to the phenolic resin. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing graphene oxide by an improved Hummers method; secondly, ultrasonically dispersing the obtained graphene oxide in a mixture of phenol and formaldehyde; thirdly, adding sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, and smoothly inserting small molecules of the phenolic resin into the middle of the graphene oxide through reaction between reactive groups of the graphene oxide itself and the phenol and the formaldehyde; finally, introducing boric acid, initiating the polymerization reaction between the small molecules in the phenolic resin in the graphene oxide and the boric acid by varying reaction conditions, and thus preparing the high-performance graphite oxide-boron-modified phenolic resin. With the preparation method, not only are the structure and the properties of grapheme maintained, but also certain retained oxygen-containing functional groups can well solve the problems of poor dispersion, solubility and processability of graphene and the like.

Description

A kind of preparation method of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin
Technical field
The present invention relates to resol, especially relate to a kind of preparation method of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin.
Background technology
Resol synthesizes one of thermosetting resin greatly as three, experienced by and exceedes century-old history, be widely used in sizing agent, moulding compound, coating, porous plastics etc. so far.Although amount ratio unsaturated polyester resin and epoxy resin less, also play huge effect in military industry field, building trade, automobile industry etc., not only as a resin, and with the form of matrix material obtain application.In the application of more wide spectrum, various material can be added with regard to needs in resol and carries out modification, improve its over-all properties to make resol.Inorganic nano material (Nano-meter SiO_2 is added in the oriented resol of modification technology of extensive employing 2, nano-TiO 2, nano imvite (MMT) etc.), organic compound (organosilicon, organic boron, cashew nut shell oil etc.), mineral compound (boride, molybdenum etc.) etc.But a lot of modifications solely can only improve thermal characteristics or the mechanical property of resol, and can not improve its thermal characteristics and mechanical property simultaneously.In addition, inorganic particulate cannot fully disperse in organic polymer, affects the performance of material.At present, the method that raising inorganic particulate disperses in organic polymer has ultrasonic method, mechanical process and surface-modification method etc., but is still difficult to the compound realizing polymkeric substance and inorganic particulate.
Research about boride modified phenolic resins shows, in raising resol resistance toheat and ablation resistance, the effect of boron is remarkable.No matter introduce inorganic boride or organic boride in the molecular structure, resol thermotolerance and Residual carbon ([1] Xu Peijun can both be significantly improved, Liu Yuhong, well is newly sharp. boride Progress On Modified Pf Resin [J]. and aerospace material technique,, but inorganic boride modified phenolic resins defect in manufacturability and mechanical property is still comparatively obvious 2009 (6): 1-5).Therefore, need to add other compound and carry out modification, thus improve the mechanical property of modified phenolic resins.
Graphene is one the thinnest in known at present material, and its thickness only has an atom, but because the singularity of this body structure makes it have very large hardness, harder than iron and steel 300 times.In addition, Graphene also has much peculiar character in electricity and magnetic property, as room-temperature quantum Hall effect, bipolarity electrical effect, ferromegnetism, supraconductivity and high electronic mobility, especially its thermal conductivity can reach 5300W/ (mK), is more than 10 times of copper thermal conductivity.Therefore, Graphene has quite wide application prospect.And Graphene is applied in the middle of macromolecular material, be one of its application.Although Graphene has the huge market space, because the singularity of itself structure makes its suitability for industrialized production and the market requirement all be in the junior stage, a lot of research is also in development.In the end of the year 2012, European Union is following gives Nokia 13.5 hundred million dollars of reasearch funds, for the research of grapheme material (Graphene) with emerging technology tissue (Future Emerging Technologies).That to have made it contain many is peculiar and be better than the physicochemical property of Today, most material, as high specific surface area and excellent heat conductivility, mechanical property and electron transmission ability for this special hexagonal structure of Graphene.At present, the main method preparing Graphene has: mechanically peel method, chemical Vapor deposition process, epitaxial growth method, oxidation reduction process ([2] Chen Ruican, Wang Haiyan, Han Yonggang, Deng. oxidation reduction process prepares Graphene and sign [J] thereof. material Leader B: a research section, 26 (6): 114-117).
One of approach of using mineral carbon alkene excellent properties is that graphene film and superpolymer compound are prepared matrix material.Produce such matrix material and require that Graphene can be evenly distributed on matrix.But the structural stability of Graphene own and Van der Waals force stronger between layers, make it can not carry out compound with other body materials well, thus the further research and development of restriction Graphene and utilization.Therefore, general by carrying out chemical modification to Graphene, the method of usual employing is Hummers method, principle is similar to above-mentioned oxidation reduction process, graphite strong acid is obtained containing enriching oxy radical graphite oxide through the oxidation of row intercalation under cryogenic, graphene oxide is obtained again by the ultrasonic graphene oxide obtaining nitrogen-atoms layer thickness, consistency ([3] Deng Yao between itself and polymer monomer or polymkeric substance is improved by introducing active group, Huang Xiaorong, Wu Xiaoling. the progress [J] of graphene oxide composite material. material Leader A: a summary section, 2012, 26 (8): 84-87).
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) in three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, the vitriol oil is added, then be placed in ice-water bath, add graphite and SODIUMNITRATE, then add solid potassium permanganate, keep the temperature of ice-water bath to be no more than 5 DEG C, then deionized water is added, holding temperature is reacted between 32 ~ 38 DEG C, when reacting close to terminal, at room temperature places, again with warm water dilution, then add H 2o 2reduce remaining value Mn ion, to solution becomes glassy yellow, then centrifuge washing to solution in neutral and detect in supernatant liquor without SO with barium salt 4 2-till, then use absolute ethanol washing, after drying, namely obtain graphene oxide;
2) phenol and formaldehyde are added in the there-necked flask that agitator, thermometer, prolong are housed, then add graphene oxide, add flaky sodium hydrate after ultrasonic disperse, after temperature rising reflux reaction, decompression dehydration, obtains graphene oxide Phenolic resin emulsion;
3) to step 2) add boric acid in the graphene oxide Phenolic resin emulsion of gained, after temperature rising reflux reaction, pour out blackish green dope, be cooled to room temperature, after vacuum-drying, namely obtain graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin.
In step 1), described graphite, the vitriol oil, SODIUMNITRATE, solid potassium permanganate, deionized water, H 2o 2mass ratio can be 1: (35 ~ 45): (0.3 ~ 0.6): (2.5 ~ 3.5): (40 ~ 60): (15 ~ 20); The time of described reaction can be 30 ~ 60min; The described time of at room temperature placing can be 72 ~ 96h; The temperature of described warm water can be 50 ~ 60 DEG C; The condition of described centrifuge washing can be speed 10000 ~ 12000rpm, time 10 ~ 20min.
In step 2) in, the mass ratio of described phenol, formaldehyde, graphene oxide, flaky sodium hydrate can be 1: (0.97 ~ 1.14): (0.005 ~ 0.01): (0.01 ~ 0.03); The condition of described ultrasonic disperse can be temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, time 20 ~ 30min; The condition of described temperature rising reflux reaction can be temperature 60 ~ 65 DEG C, time 1 ~ 2h.
In step 3), the mass ratio of the phenol in the add-on of described boric acid and step 1) can be 1: (0.13 ~ 0.27); The condition of described temperature rising reflux reaction can be temperature 90 ~ 100 DEG C, time 1 ~ 2h; Described vacuum drying condition can be temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, time 24 ~ 36h.
Principle of the present invention is: the Hummers method first utilizing improvement, prepares graphene oxide; Again by the graphene oxide of gained ultrasonic disperse in the mixed solution of phenol and formaldehyde; Add sodium hydroxide subsequently as catalyzer, utilize the reaction between the active group of graphene oxide itself and phenol, formaldehyde, make resol small molecules be inserted in the middle of graphene oxide layer smoothly; Finally introduce boric acid, by changing reaction conditions, making the resol small molecular in graphene oxide and boric acid initiated polymerization, thus preparing High-performance graphite oxide alkene-boron modified phenolic resin.
Principal feature of the present invention is: the controlled reduction of graphene oxide not only maintains the stuctures and properties of Graphene (as excellent thermostability and mechanical property), but also gives its some new performance: the part oxygen-containing functional group of reservation can solve the difficult problems such as graphene dispersion, solvability and poor in processability well.The carbon yield of this method is 70.41%, and more common boron modified phenolic resin thermal characteristics improves 2.1%.And its flexural strength be 96.5MPa, tensile strength is 48.3MPa, shock strength is 9.7kJ/m 2, more common boron modified phenolic resin flexural strength adds 46%, tensile strength adds 38%, shock strength is high by 53%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the carbon yield of Graphene and graphene oxide in embodiment 2.In FIG, marking ■ is graphene oxide; ● be Graphene.
Fig. 2 is the thermal destruction curve of the carbon yield graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin in embodiment 2, Graphene-boron modified phenolic resin and common boron modified phenolic resin.In fig. 2, marking ■ is Graphene-boron modified phenolic resin; ● be graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin; for boron modified phenolic resin.
Fig. 3 is that the shock strength of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin and common boron modified phenolic resin in embodiment 2 compares.In figure 3, a is graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin, and b is common boron modified phenolic resin.
Fig. 4 is that the tensile strength of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin and common boron modified phenolic resin in embodiment 2 compares.In the diagram, a is graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin, and b is common boron modified phenolic resin.
Fig. 5 is that the flexural strength of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin and common boron modified phenolic resin in embodiment 2 compares.In Figure 5, a is graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin, and b is common boron modified phenolic resin.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The first step, graphene oxide preparation;
In three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, add the vitriol oil of 75ml98%, be then placed in ice-water bath, then add the graphite of 3.5g and the SODIUMNITRATE of 1.6g, after stirring, slowly add solid potassium permanganate, keep stirring 2h, keep the temperature of ice-water bath to be no more than 5 DEG C; Then, slowly add deionized water, around here can very exothermic and with a small amount of bubble produce, holding temperature reacts 45min between 32 ~ 38 DEG C, and when reacting close to terminal, the suspension liquid of black becomes the dope of beige, then at room temperature places 72h.Be finally the dilutions of 60 DEG C of warm water by 500ml temperature, then drip 60mlH 2o 2reduce remaining value Mn ion (because excessive high manganese ion can to environment), to solution becomes glassy yellow.Centrifuge washing (11000rpm, 20min), is washed till solution and is neutrality and detects in supernatant liquor without SO with barium salt 4 2-till, then use absolute ethanol washing twice, the product after washing is dry in vacuum drying oven.Namely graphene oxide is obtained after drying.
Second step, the preparation of graphene oxide liquid phenolic resin;
First 47g phenol and 56.8g formaldehyde are added in the there-necked flask that agitator, thermometer, prolong are housed, add the graphene oxide 0.47g of 1% phenol quality again, 1.4g flaky sodium hydrate (catalyzer) is added after 60 DEG C of ultrasonic disperse 30min, continue to be warmed up to 65 DEG C lentamente, after continuing back flow reaction 1.5h, decompression dehydration 15min.
3rd step, the preparation of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin;
In reaction vessel on last stage, add 9.3g boric acid, be warmed up to 95 DEG C, back flow reaction 2h, pour out blackish green dope while hot, be cooled to room temperature and obtain graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin, vacuum-drying 24h under 60 DEG C of conditions.
Embodiment 2
The first step, graphene oxide preparation;
In three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, add the vitriol oil of about 75ml98%, be then placed in ice-water bath, then add 3.5g graphite and 1.6g SODIUMNITRATE, after stirring, slowly add solid potassium permanganate, keep stirring 2h, keep the temperature of ice-water bath to be no more than 5 DEG C; Then, slowly add deionized water, around here can very exothermic and with a small amount of bubble produce, holding temperature reacts 45min between 32 ~ 38 DEG C, and when reacting close to terminal, the suspension liquid of black becomes the dope of beige, then at room temperature places 72h.Be finally the dilutions of 60 DEG C of warm water by 500ml temperature, then drip 60mlH 2o 2reduce remaining value Mn ion (because excessive high manganese ion can to environment), to solution becomes glassy yellow.Centrifuge washing (10000rpm, 15min), is washed till solution and is neutrality and detects in supernatant liquor without SO with barium salt 4 2-till, then use absolute ethanol washing twice, the product after washing is dry in vacuum drying oven.Namely graphene oxide is obtained after drying.
Second step, the preparation of graphene oxide liquid phenolic resin;
First 47g phenol and 56.8g formaldehyde are added in the there-necked flask that agitator, thermometer, prolong are housed, add the graphene oxide 0.235g of 0.5% phenol quality again, 1.4g flaky sodium hydrate (catalyzer) is added after 60 DEG C of ultrasonic disperse 30min, continue to be warmed up to 65 DEG C lentamente, after continuing back flow reaction 1.5h, decompression dehydration 15min.
3rd step, the preparation of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin;
In reaction vessel on last stage, add 9.3g boric acid, be warmed up to 95 DEG C, back flow reaction 2h, pour out blackish green dope while hot, be cooled to room temperature and obtain graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin, vacuum-drying 24h under 60 DEG C of conditions.
The residual rate of Graphene is 85.44% as can be seen from Figure 1, and weightless reason may be the moisture that Graphene also has the unreduced oxy radical of small part and interlayer, makes Graphene create weightlessness 0 ~ 200 DEG C of stage.And the carbon yield of graphene oxide is 44.49%, its thermolysis is divided into two stages: cause containing losing of moisture in the mass loss in 0 ~ 100 DEG C of stage is mainly due to graphene oxide; Be mass loss at 150 ~ 240 DEG C may be oxy radical generation thermolysis in graphene oxide, produce CO, CO 2and H 2o caused.
As can be seen from Figure 2, graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin is mild compared with other two groups, and its carbon yield is 70.41%.Obviously be better than Graphene modified phenolic resins 53.08% and common boron modified phenolic resin 68.31%.
As can be seen from Fig. 3 ~ 5, when being doped into a small amount of graphene oxide, the flexural strength of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin has been 96.5MP a, tensile strength is 48.3MP a, shock strength is 9.7kJ/m 2, more common boron modified phenolic resin flexural strength adds 46%, and tensile strength adds 38%, and shock strength is high by 53%.

Claims (8)

1. a preparation method for graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) in three mouthfuls of round-bottomed flasks, the vitriol oil is added, then be placed in ice-water bath, add graphite and SODIUMNITRATE, then add solid potassium permanganate, keep the temperature of ice-water bath to be no more than 5 DEG C, then deionized water is added, holding temperature is reacted between 32 ~ 38 DEG C, when reacting close to terminal, at room temperature places, again with warm water dilution, then add H 2o 2reduce remaining value Mn ion, to solution becomes glassy yellow, then centrifuge washing to solution in neutral and detect in supernatant liquor without SO with barium salt 4 2-till, then use absolute ethanol washing, after drying, namely obtain graphene oxide; Described graphite, the vitriol oil, SODIUMNITRATE, solid potassium permanganate, deionized water, H 2o 2mass ratio be 1: (35 ~ 45): (0.3 ~ 0.6): (2.5 ~ 3.5): (40 ~ 60): (15 ~ 20);
2) phenol and formaldehyde are added in the there-necked flask that agitator, thermometer, prolong are housed, then add graphene oxide, add flaky sodium hydrate after ultrasonic disperse, after temperature rising reflux reaction, decompression dehydration, obtains graphene oxide Phenolic resin emulsion; The mass ratio of described phenol, formaldehyde, graphene oxide, flaky sodium hydrate is 1: (0.97 ~ 1.14): (0.005 ~ 0.01): (0.01 ~ 0.03);
3) to step 2) add boric acid in the graphene oxide Phenolic resin emulsion of gained, after temperature rising reflux reaction, pour out blackish green dope, be cooled to room temperature, after vacuum-drying, namely obtain graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin; The add-on of described boric acid and step 1) in the mass ratio of phenol be 1: (0.13 ~ 0.27).
2. the preparation method of a kind of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1) in, the time of described reaction is 30 ~ 60min.
3. the preparation method of a kind of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1) in, the described time of at room temperature placing is 72 ~ 96h.
4. the preparation method of a kind of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1) in, the temperature of described warm water is 50 ~ 60 DEG C.
5. the preparation method of a kind of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1) in, the condition of described centrifuge washing is speed 10000 ~ 12000rpm, time 10 ~ 20min.
6. the preparation method of a kind of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 2) in, the condition of described ultrasonic disperse is temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, time 20 ~ 30min.
7. the preparation method of a kind of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 2) in, the condition of described temperature rising reflux reaction is temperature 60 ~ 65 DEG C, time 1 ~ 2h.
8. the preparation method of a kind of graphene oxide-boron-modifiedphenolic phenolic resin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 3) in, the condition of described temperature rising reflux reaction is temperature 90 ~ 100 DEG C, time 1 ~ 2h; Described vacuum drying condition is temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, time 24 ~ 36h.
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