CN103222542A - Ration formulation of TMR forage for promoting goat recovery after production - Google Patents
Ration formulation of TMR forage for promoting goat recovery after production Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a ration formulation of a TMR forage for promoting goat recovery after production and a breeding technology. The invention is characterized in that the forage is divided into four stages that a first stage is for 1-10 days, a second stage is for 11-20 days, a third stage is for 21-30 days and a fourth stage is for 31-120 days. The formula for the first stage is a ration formulation of a basic forage prepared by a fine forage and a crude forage with a ratio of 5.0 : 5.0; the formula for the second stage is a ration formulation of a basic forage prepared by a fine forage and a crude forage with a ratio of 4.5 : 5.5; the formula for the third stage is a ration formulation of a basic forage prepared by a fine forage and a crude forage with a ratio of 4.0 : 6.0; and the formula for the fourth stage is a ration formulation of a basic forage prepared by a fine forage and a crude forage with a ratio of 3.5 : 6.5. The TMR forage can be prepared with a large amount for one time, and stored in packages, thereby being convenient to use, and facilitating mechanized operations and commercial promotion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the raising prescription of a kind of sheep and the technology of feeding, relate in particular to a kind of TMR feed formula and technology of feeding that promotes that goat produces the back recovery and breeds.
Background technology
The amount of livestock on hand of Chinese Goat, mutton total output occupy first of the world, and supply falls short of demand already for product.But since two thousand five, total amount of livestock on hand of national sheep is paced up and down between 3.0 hundred million at 2.8 hundred million always, and a year mutton total output is difficult to break through 4,000,000 tons, is difficult to realize that national requirements reached 4,400,000 tons fixing one's aim in advance in 2015.Particularly along with the modern Mutton Sheep Industry technical system of country's enforcement is in recent years built; the propelling of scale standard production technology; the science feeding and management technology of sheep is difficult to catch up with requirement; daily ration is prepared not science; cause ewe malnutrition in postpartum, weak and sickly, ewe post-partum estrus breeding excessive cycle, the lactation amount deficiency causes lamb to grow seriously being obstructed; become the serious agricultural technology problem of long-term restriction mutton sheep development, badly influence the industrialized development of sheep.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be primarily aimed at young ewe and adult ewe postpartum because of gestation, lambing and nurture lamb cause body weight loss more, easily disease takes place, body condition recovers slower, problems such as long, young sheep growth retardation of lambing interval are researched and developed, purpose is to promote that postpartum, ewe recovered body condition and body weight as early as possible, improve survival rate and the incubation rate of lamb, shorten the lambing interval, promote growing of young ewe etc.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of TMR feed diet prescription that promotes goat to produce the back recovery is characterized in that described feed is divided into four-stage, and the phase I is the 1-10 age in days, and second stage is the 11-20 age in days, and the phase III is the 21-30 age in days, and the quadravalence section is the 31-120 age in days.The feed formula of described phase I is: fine fodder: the basal feed daily ration prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 5.0: 5.0; The prescription of second stage is a fine fodder: the basal feed daily ration prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 4.5: 5.5; The prescription of phase III is a fine fodder: the basal feed daily ration prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 4.0: 6.0; The prescription of quadravalence section is a fine fodder: the basal feed daily ration prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 3.5: 6.5.
Described basal feed daily ration prescription is, with the daily inleting appetite is standard unit, corn: 14.6%, and dregs of beans: 5.21%, wheat bran: 4.00%, dusty yeast: 6.35%, big beanstalk: 2.07%, silkworm excrement: 13.11%, salt: 1.00%, silage corn: 43.06%, green hay: 8.06%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.00%.
The basal feed daily ration prescription of described quadravalence section can be: be standard unit with the daily inleting appetite, corn: 9.34%, dregs of beans: 3.34%, wheat bran: 2.56%, dusty yeast: 4.07%, big beanstalk: 2.46%, silkworm excrement: 11.98%, salt: 0.91%, silage corn: 53.93%, green hay: 9.58%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 1.83%.
A kind of TMR basal feed daily ration prescription that promotes that goat production back is recovered as claimed in claim 3, described ore deposit is added configuration proportion and is: ferric sulfate 0.596%, copper sulphate 0.394%, manganese sulfate 0.308%, zinc sulfate 1.462%, magnesium sulfate 4.0%, cobalt chloride 0.0202%, KI 0.0039%, sodium selenite 0.0066%, AD3 powder 2.0%, cellulase 1.500%, powdered whiting 89.709%.
A kind of TMR feed formula that goat produces the back recovery and technology of feeding of promoting as claimed in claim 1 can be used for promoting the recovery of primiparity ewe and multiparity ewe body condition in postpartum, weightening finish and improves reproductive efficiency.
Described coarse fodder is: the crude fiber content in the feed is higher than the feed more than 18%;
Described fine fodder is: the crude fiber content in the feed is lower than 18% feed.
Scientific basis:
The gestational period of ewe on average is about 150 days, and 80% the finishing in about 40 days of fetal weight at latter half of gestation, that is to say, if a tire produces twin lamb(s), 2 kilograms of every live-weights, add amniotic fluid, placenta etc., the weight of Zeng Jiaing can reach more than 5 kilograms thus, thereby at last wheat harvesting period of the gestational period, great change all can take place in weight and volume in the gestation ewe abdomen, food-intake and digestive characteristic also change thereupon, and its notable feature shows as the dutys of feeding more and adds (number of times), and the fodder grass volume can not (increase fine fodder and high-quality haylage ratio) too greatly in the daily ration.In a minute puerperium, ewe is very tired out, in addition because gestation and nurture lamb, the nutrient consumption of self is obviously overdrawed, and hollow hunger is strong in the abdomen, feeding takes place easily or take food improper, very easily cause taking place the pipe intestinal digesting disease, thereby the body condition that badly influences ewe recovers, and the nurture lamb and the breeding of oestrusing once more postpartum have a strong impact on and culture efficient and benefit.
Young ewe first joined the age and was generally for 8 to 10 monthly ages, or body weight is reached breeding in 70% o'clock of year body weight, and the age of body maturation is more than 2 years old, that is to say, when young ewe primiparity, also do not reach body maturation as yet, thereby satisfy except needs in the feeding and management in postpartum the recovery, nurture lamb of body condition in postpartum, also must satisfy the further growth of self physique and various histoorgans and grow.This point can be confirmed in table 1: the primiparity ewe is to begin weightening finish to occur after the second month postpartum, and the multiparity ewe is to begin to occur weightening finish after three month postpartum.Because to the understanding wretched insufficiency of the problems referred to above, what take was by a day sheep raising during tradition was cultured, that is: what produces what is just fed in addition, or having anything what is just fed, the result causes the serious malnutrition of ewe appearance in postpartum, grows slowly, it is of poor quality to cultivate lamb, and reproductive efficiency is low.
The technology of feeding:
(1) dusty yeast science: sheep is a ruminant, ruminant is mainly by microorganism and fore-stomach movement digest food, microorganism mainly is anaerobism infusorian and bacterium, infusorian mainly contacts by raiseeing with the parent with bacterium in the cub glandular stomach, other ruminants directly contact or extraneous the infection forms, and various infusorians and bacterium could appear in the general 90-120 age in days of ruminant.And the saccharomycete that has in the dusty yeast absorption that can help digest also can provide good protein, and dusty yeast is fragrant simultaneously, increases the appetite of sheep, improves the feed palatability, and feed cuts the waste.
(2) cellulase preparation science: cellulase is when cellulose, hemicellulose decompose in improving feed, stodgy macromolecular polysaccharide, protein and lipid degradation can be become small-molecule substance to help that sheep is GI to digest and assimilate; Can activate the secretion of endogenous enzymes, replenish the deficiency of endogenous enzymes, improve enzyme and nutrient contact area, the good digestion of promotion feed is gone back and other enzyme actings in conjunction improve decomposition and the digestion of sheep to the feed nutrition material, guarantees the normal digestion and absorption function of sheep; Can eliminate ANFs, promote the healthy growth of sheep, play diseases prevention, somatotrophic effect; Cellulase also has the intestinal villi of keeping complete form, promotes the function of absorption of nutrient ingredients.
(3) green hay powder science: bright careless moisture is many on the one hand, and dry is few, can not satisfy the nutritional need of sheep, and especially in postpartum, it is normal that the digestive function of ewe is not also recovered fully, and the bright grass of too much searching for food very easily causes diseases such as diarrhoea takes place; It is a large amount of bright careless to search for food on the other hand, the first batch of tender bright grass of children that particularly change according to the season, and fermentation produces too much gas in cud, can not in time excrete, and easily forms the acute distension gas of cud, causes sheep death easily.And the green hay of searching for food can satisfy the nutritional need of dry food-intake, can promote the recovery of pipe intestinal digesting function again, the goat death that avoid suffering from diarrhoea, factor such as acute distension gas causes.
(4) opaque feed advantage: opaque feed good palatability; the forage that can effectively utilize many goats can not search for food or dislike searching for food; improve the fodder grass utilization rate; and phenomenons such as lamb is particular about food, feed waste have been reduced to a great extent; the opaque feed storage life is long simultaneously; once preparation; can use for a long time in a large number; and it is simple to operate; easier mechanization, commercialization are promoted; and the nutritional labeling of feed is comprehensive coordinate more, and growing of sheep had obvious facilitation, has the long-range meaning that promotes the scale of sheep industry, standardized production.Because from the biological structure characteristics of sheep, sheep does not go up front tooth, but lower incisor and cutting are up and down arranged, last lower lip is very flexible, and sense of smell is sensitive (thereby property particular about food is stronger than other domestic animals) especially.When searching for food, sheep always utilizes and goes up lower lip flexibly and raise careless Yu and go in the mouth a branch of, utilizes upper and lower cutting that forage grass is bitten broken then, and wherein small part is eaten in the abdomen after simply chewing, but most of forage grasses can drop on the ground, thereby cause a large amount of fodder grass wastes.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Make full use of local wild herbage; artificial grass; straw feed; silkworm excrement; feed resources such as silage corn stalk; recover and somagenic need further growth growth (usually reach a year ewe body weight 70% can breed) at primiparity ewe body condition in postpartum; the multiparity ewe need recover body condition postpartum; the needs in weightening finish and shortening lambing interval; science; rationally prepare the TMR of comprehensive nutrition; promote growing and reducing ewe of young ewe because of gestation; lambing and nurture lamb cause body weight loss more; disease easily takes place; problems such as the lambing interval is long; promote ewe to recover body condition; the weightening finish and the breeding of oestrusing ahead of time; improve the reproductive efficiency of flock of sheep; promote the scale standard intensive culture, promote industrialized development.With the opaque feed of TMR technology preparation, good palatability, fodder grass resource utilization height, can satisfy the goat needs that grow sooner, avoided the fodder grass waste again.Adopt feed that dried forage grass processing and fine fodder are mixed together, can avoid changing according to the season or continuously under the diarrhoea that causes because of forage grass changes of rainwater weather, death, the feed intake degradation lose; Contain dusty yeast in the feed, when helping the goat stomach absorption, can provide protein again, be beneficial to the growth of goat stomach gut health.This feed storage life of while is long, easy to use, is convenient to mechanized operation, promotes easily.Help mechanization, scale, standardization raising goat.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention has been done further description.
A kind of TMR feed formula and technology of feeding that promotes that goat production back is recovered, it is characterized in that, described feed is divided into four-stage, phase I is the 1-10 age in days, second stage is the 11-20 age in days, phase III is the 21-30 age in days, and the quadravalence section is the 31-120 age in days, and the prescription of described phase I is a fine fodder: the basal feed daily ration prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 5.0: 5.0; The prescription of described second stage is a fine fodder: the feed diet prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 4.5: 5.5; The prescription of described phase III is a fine fodder: the feed diet prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 4.0: 6.0; The prescription of described quadravalence section is a fine fodder: the feed diet prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 3.5: 6.5.Described feed basal diet prescription is: be standard unit with the daily inleting appetite, corn: 14.6%, dregs of beans: 5.21%, wheat bran: 4.00%, dusty yeast: 6.35%, big beanstalk: 2.07%, silkworm excrement: 13.11%, salt: 1.00%, silage corn: 43.06%, green hay: 8.06%, add in the ore deposit: 2.00%.Wherein: fine fodder is corn, dregs of beans, wheat bran, dusty yeast; Coarse fodder is: silage corn, big beanstalk and green hay; Mineral matter nutritional additive component (configuration proportion): copper sulphate %, ferric sulfate %, manganese sulfate %, zinc sulfate %, magnesium sulfate %, cobalt chloride %, KI %, sodium selenite %, powdered whiting %, cellulase %.The feed diet prescription of described quadravalence section is: be standard unit with the daily inleting appetite, corn: 9.34%, dregs of beans: 3.34%, wheat bran: 2.56%, dusty yeast: 4.07%, big beanstalk: 2.46%, silkworm excrement: 11.98%, salt: 0.91%, silage corn: 53.93%, green hay: 9.58%, add in the ore deposit: 1.83%.
This prescription can be used for promoting primiparity ewe and multiparity ewe body condition in postpartum to recover, increase weight and improves reproductive efficiency.
TMR prescription and the cost (1-10 days postpartum) of table 1 ewe phase I in postpartum
*: the dry matter content of silage corn is 46%; Control group is conventional feeding manner, down together
The TMR prescription and the cost (31-120 days postpartum) of table 2 ewe quadravalence section in postpartum
Adopt different essences slightly than TMR daily ration day to feed 2～3 time according to the above-mentioned difference stage of feeding one month postpartum (transitional period) in the winter time or at the beginning of the spring, day feeds twice after 30 days.Finished to feed in 1.5 hours, daily ingestion amount is 2.7～3.0kg, drives ecto-and endoparasites once about 20 days postpartum at every turn, and expelling parasite was once again when intermittent drizzles in the rainy season finished season.
The body condition of observing, write down experimental group and control group ewe recovers and the weightening finish situation; Join season (3～June) in the spring with luring the feelings ram to detect to oestrus and breeding, perform record.
Result of the test and comparison:
Table 2 test group, control group ewe weight recovery in postpartum and the breeding situation (unit: kg) of oestrusing
| Grouping | Postpartum | 30 days postpartum | 60 days postpartum | 90 days postpartum | 120 days postpartum |
| Test group (just) | 38.31±1.64 | 37.17±1.66 | 38.55±1.56 | 39.33±1.48 | 40.22±1.67 |
| Test group (warp) | 45.02±3.94 | 43.90±3.91 | 43.91±3.84 | 45.33±3.57 | 46.27±3.67 |
| Control group (warp) | 44.52±4.04 | 43.32±4.01 | 42.74±4.09 | 43.87±4.20 | 44.89±4.00 |
Annotate: primiparity age sheep year was 13～15 monthly ages; The multiparity sheep is 2～5 years old
Through above-mentioned test, in 120 days postpartum, 27 breedings of oestrusing are arranged in 37 multiparity ewes of test group, accounting for has 8 breedings of oestrusing in 29 multiparity ewes of 73.0% control group, account for 27.6%.Prescription among the present invention can obviously promote to feed lamb, body condition recovers, promotes the breeding etc. of oestrusing.Simultaneously feed is fed conveniently, can prepare long term storage in a large number again and is convenient to the mechanization scale and feeds, and can reduce the diseases such as diarrhoea that cause because of the forage grass variation simultaneously, has very large economy benefit simultaneously.So it is the feasible pattern of feeding that the huge production benefit is arranged again of quality that scientific and reasonable feed formula cooperates the novel technology of feeding.
Certainly; the above only is one embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications all belong within the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a TMR feed diet prescription that promotes goat to produce the back recovery is characterized in that described feed is divided into four-stage, and the phase I is the 1-10 age in days, and second stage is the 11-20 age in days, and the phase III is the 21-30 age in days, and the quadravalence section is the 31-120 age in days.The feed formula of described phase I is: fine fodder: the basal feed daily ration prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 5.0: 5.0; The prescription of second stage is a fine fodder: the basal feed daily ration prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 4.5: 5.5; The prescription of phase III is a fine fodder: the basal feed daily ration prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 4.0: 6.0; The prescription of quadravalence section is a fine fodder: the basal feed daily ration prescription of coarse fodder=be made at 3.5: 6.5.
2. a kind of TMR basal feed daily ration prescription that promotes that goat production back is recovered as claimed in claim 1, described basal feed daily ration prescription is to be standard unit with the daily inleting appetite, corn: 14.6%, dregs of beans: 5.21%, wheat bran: 4.00%, dusty yeast: 6.35%, big beanstalk: 2.07%, silkworm excrement: 13.11%, salt: 1.00%, silage corn: 43.06%, green hay: 8.06%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.00%.
3. a kind of TMR basal feed daily ration prescription that promotes that goat production back is recovered as claimed in claim 2, the basal feed daily ration prescription of described quadravalence section is: with the daily inleting appetite standard unit, and corn: 9.34%, dregs of beans: 3.34%, wheat bran: 2.56%, dusty yeast: 4.07%, big beanstalk: 2.46%, silkworm excrement: 11.98%, salt: 0.91%, silage corn: 53.93%, green hay: 9.58%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 1.83%.
4. a kind of TMR basal feed daily ration prescription that promotes that goat production back is recovered as claimed in claim 3, described ore deposit is added configuration proportion and is: ferric sulfate 0.596%, copper sulphate 0.394%, manganese sulfate 0.308%, zinc sulfate 1.462%, magnesium sulfate 4.0%, cobalt chloride 0.0202%, KI 0.0039%, sodium selenite 0.0066%, AD3 powder 2.0%, cellulase 1.500%.
5. powdered whiting 89.709%.
6. a kind of TMR feed formula that goat produces the back recovery and technology of feeding of promoting as claimed in claim 1 can be used for promoting the recovery of primiparity ewe and multiparity ewe body condition in postpartum, weightening finish and improves reproductive efficiency.
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| CN104256209A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-07 | 昭通市高山牧业有限公司 | Ewe and fattening sheep concentrated feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105432558A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县马厂镇周巷山羊养殖场 | Fattening method for Boer goat lambs |
| CN105454149A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-04-06 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | A method and feeds for feeding mutton sheep at earlier stage |
| CN106071177A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-09 | 蒋成英 | One milk sheep feedstuff lactation period and using method thereof |
| CN106343179A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 蒋成英 | Lactation period milk goat feed and use method thereof |
| CN106359277A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 新疆雪羚生物科技有限责任公司 | Wild ibex and Xinjiang cashmere goat crossbreeding method |
| CN110292116A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-01 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | A kind of double pellets and its feeding method of ewe low cost |
| CN111903612A (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2020-11-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Breeding method for northern farming and pasturing staggered donkey |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105454149A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-04-06 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | A method and feeds for feeding mutton sheep at earlier stage |
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| CN105432558A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县马厂镇周巷山羊养殖场 | Fattening method for Boer goat lambs |
| CN106359277A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 新疆雪羚生物科技有限责任公司 | Wild ibex and Xinjiang cashmere goat crossbreeding method |
| CN106071177A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-09 | 蒋成英 | One milk sheep feedstuff lactation period and using method thereof |
| CN106343179A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 蒋成英 | Lactation period milk goat feed and use method thereof |
| CN110292116A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-01 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | A kind of double pellets and its feeding method of ewe low cost |
| CN111903612A (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2020-11-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Breeding method for northern farming and pasturing staggered donkey |
| CN111903612B (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2022-05-20 | 沈阳农业大学 | Feeding method for breeding donkey in northern farming-grazing staggered manner |
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