CN103153689B - 用于连接车辆与插座的装置 - Google Patents

用于连接车辆与插座的装置 Download PDF

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CN103153689B
CN103153689B CN201180049120.5A CN201180049120A CN103153689B CN 103153689 B CN103153689 B CN 103153689B CN 201180049120 A CN201180049120 A CN 201180049120A CN 103153689 B CN103153689 B CN 103153689B
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vehicle
charging cable
cover plate
plug
cavity
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CN103153689A (zh
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N·恩宁
M·科尔特
J·米夏埃尔
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G11/00—Arrangements of electric cables or lines between relatively-movable parts
    • H02G11/02—Arrangements of electric cables or lines between relatively-movable parts using take-up reel or drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/18—Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/0207—Wire harnesses
    • B60R16/0215—Protecting, fastening and routing means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
    • B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
    • B65H75/40—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material mobile or transportable
    • B65H75/42—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material mobile or transportable attached to, or forming part of, mobile tools, machines or vehicles
    • B65H75/425—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material mobile or transportable attached to, or forming part of, mobile tools, machines or vehicles attached to, or forming part of a vehicle, e.g. truck, trailer, vessel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
    • B60W50/14—Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于连接以电流运行的车辆（1）与低压交流电网的插座（4）的装置（5），该装置具有充电电缆（6），该充电电缆具有适配于插座（4）的插头（7）。所述充电电缆（6）与插头（7）设置在车辆（1）前盖（10）的朝向车辆（1）挡风玻璃（9）的区域（10a）下方的空腔（8）里面。所述充电电缆（6）至少间接地与车辆（1）固定连接。

Description

用于连接车辆与插座的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于使以电流运行/驱动的车辆与低压交流电网的插座相连接的装置。
背景技术
由于常见的、按照柴油机原理或奥托原理工作的内燃机的相当高的CO2排放以及变得较紧张的石油储备，近年来可看出趋向于混合动力车辆和仅利用电流驱动的车辆的趋势。这种称为电动车辆的机动车具有电机和为电机供给电流的、可重新充电的蓄电池，该蓄电池可以以不同形式充电。一方面存在使电动车辆在所谓的充电站利用快速充电装置/技术以直流电充电的可能性，为此由于高电流强度必需使用直径非常大的充电电缆。用于给这种电动车辆充电的另一可能性是，将电动车辆连接在低压交流电网的、如可在任何住宅中、但是也可在许多车库或停车场中找到的那样的常见插座上。尽管蓄电池在这种“标准”插座上的充电明显比上述快速充电持续更长时间，但是如果车辆在夜间停放在车库或停车场里面，则停放时间一般足以使蓄电池通过低压交流电网完全充电。
在EP0537065B1中描述了一种使电动运行的车辆与插座连接的可能性。在此充电接头固定在壳体里面，该壳体活动地安置在机动车的车架上。壳体可以通过机动车的后车牌封闭。
但是这种技术方案的缺陷尤其是，为了连接充电接头与插座，必需携带附加的充电电缆，必需在机动车内部为该充电电缆提供额外的空间。这种已知技术方案的另一缺陷是，充电接头相当难以接近地布置在后车牌部位中，这尤其是因为在这个部位出于安全原因必需存在有保险杠，该保险杠的构造由于存在充电接头而额外变得困难。
这种装置由US5,445,252或EP0648634B1已知。
DE102007042610A1说明了一种具有电驱动装置的机动车的前窗玻璃衬板。在此，在顶盖下设有电气接头。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，实现一种用于连接以电流运行的车辆与插座的装置，它是一种对于车辆的使用者来说操作非常简单的、同时为充电电缆提供保护的技术方案。
按照本发明，这个目的通过一种用于使利用电流运行的车辆与低压交流电网的插座相连接的装置实现，该装置具有充电电缆，该充电电缆具有适配于插座的插头并且该充电电缆至少间接地与车辆固定连接，其中，所述充电电缆连同插头设置在能利用盖板封闭的空腔中，该空腔位于车辆前盖的朝向车辆挡风玻璃的区域下面，所述盖板具有在打开盖板时使插头以一定的行程从空腔中运动出来的机构。
通过将充电电缆和插头安置在车辆前盖分配给挡风玻璃的区域的下方，保护充电电缆和插头不被弄脏，并且可以非常方便地将充电电缆和插头取出来以连接车辆与插座。因此按照本发明的装置的操作是非常简单的并且允许快速地连接车辆与电网。
此外按照本发明，所述充电电缆至少间接地与车辆固定地/牢固地连接，由此总是通过车辆携带充电电缆并且不会丢失，从而总是可以给车辆蓄电池充电(前提是具有相应插座可供其使用)。
通过根据本发明的在盖板打开时使插头以一定的行程从空腔中运动出来的机构，能较简单地取下插头进而改善舒适性。
在本发明的一非常有利的改进方案中，所述空腔可以利用盖板/活门封闭，由此保护充电电缆和插头免受外来作用的脏污或损伤。
所述目的的另选实现方案设计具有充电电缆，该充电电缆具有适配于插座的插头并且该充电电缆至少间接地与车辆固定连接，其中，所述充电电缆连同插头设置在能利用盖板封闭的空腔中，该空腔位于车辆前盖的朝向车辆挡风玻璃的区域下面，所述盖板具有在将插头放入空腔中时使盖板关闭的机构。
在将接头放入空腔中时使盖板关闭的机构同样也使本发明装置的使用者获得舒适性。
当所述盖板可锁住时，还可加强这种保护。
在本发明的另一有利的实施例中，所述盖板具有至少一密封装置，由此非常好地防止水进入充电电缆和插头。
为了保证在机动车内部适合且适当地安置充电电缆，同时保证能经常将充电电缆从其在前盖下方的储存位置取出，在本发明的一有利扩展结构中规定，所述充电电缆安置在至少间接地与机动车相连接的卷绕装置上并且可利用卷绕装置卷绕成卷。
另选地也可以规定，所述充电电缆设置在管状的容纳部件里面。通过这种将充电电缆安置在管状的容纳部件里面的做法，可以使充电电缆安置在易接近且免受脏污的区域中。这种管状的容纳部件的另一优点是，它可以安置在车辆的非常多的不同位置上，并因此不干扰车辆的设计。此外这种安置也能够非常简单且快速地操作。
在此当所述充电电缆设计成螺旋电缆时，可以非常方便地将该充电电缆从其在车辆内部的储存状态转变到使用状态(在该使用状态插头插到插座里面)，和反之从其使用状态转变到储存状态。在此存在特别的优点，即这种螺旋电缆由于其固有的弹性尽管能不费力地或者无需操作人员的特定运动地转变到其储存状态，但外部影响如潮气/水分、污物等不会限制充电电缆的使用。
附图说明
由其余的从属权利要求给出本发明的其它有利扩展结构和改进方案。下面借助于附图原理上示出本发明的实施例。
附图示出：
图1示出配备有本发明装置的车辆；
图2示出本发明装置的第一实施例的剖视图；
图3示出本发明装置的第二实施例的剖视图；
图4示出本发明装置的第三实施例的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出以电流运行的、具有车身1a的车辆1。为此车辆1具有非常示意性示出的电机2和可再充电的蓄电池3，该蓄电池用于为电机2供电。为了给蓄电池3充电，可以使蓄电池与未示出的低压交流电网的插座4连接。插座4是在车辆1的生产供应国中在住宅或公共建筑中使用的插座。在大多数国家和地区，如果使用单相交流电，则低压交流电网的电压是230V。在另一些国家例如美国、加拿大、墨西哥和一些南美北部国家，电网交流电压的额定值为120V。在联邦德国，插座4例如设计成接触保护插座或保险插座。装置5用于连接车辆1与插座4，该装置具有充电电缆6，该充电电缆又具有与插座4匹配的插头7。插头7可以根据要向其提供车辆1的国家而不同地设计。当然也可以设想使用适配器。
按照在图2中所示的装置5的实施例，充电电缆6连同插头7设置在可在按照图4的放大图中清楚地看出的空腔8里面，该空腔位于车辆1前盖10朝向车辆1挡风玻璃9的区域10a的下方。换言之，插头7和连接在其上的充电电缆6设置在车辆1的前盖10与挡风玻璃9之间的空隙里面。
在图2所示的实施例中，充电电缆6安置在至少间接地与车辆1连接的卷绕装置11上并且可以利用卷绕装置11卷绕成卷。卷绕装置11可以设计成，使得在沿取出方向略微牵拉充电电缆6并紧接着撤销拉力以后使充电电缆6自动卷绕。当然卷绕装置11也可以具有驱动马达或类似装置。
按照在图3中所示的实施例，充电电缆6设置在管状的容纳部件12里面，其中充电电缆6优选设计成螺旋电缆。通过相应的牵拉可使这种螺旋电缆从在图3中看到的相对微小的长度变成明显增大的长度。由此通过充电电缆6也可以克服较大的到插座4的距离，但充电电缆6在车辆1内部仍仅需要很小的位置。
按照图2和图3的两个实施例的共同之处在于，充电电缆6通过卷绕装置11或管状容纳部件12至少间接地与车辆1固定连接。在管状容纳部件12的情况下可以由下述方式实现充电电缆6在车辆1上的这种连接，使得管状容纳部件12刚性地与车辆1连接，并且充电电缆6在其与插头7对置的端部上固定地与管状容纳部件12连接。
如同由图4的细节图看到的那样，装置5可以具有盖板/活门B，利用该盖板可封闭空腔8。盖板B可以按照箭头“A”在关闭位置与利用虚线所示的打开位置之间调整。在其关闭位置，盖板B可以利用一未详细示出的机构来锁住。
此外盖板B具有未示出的密封装置，该密封装置防止水、污物等进入到空腔8里面。这种密封装置优选围绕整个盖板B延伸。如果例如当盖板B未关闭时水进入到空腔8里面，则空腔8还可以具有未示出的排水口。在存在管状容纳部件12的情况下可以使这个排水口位于容纳部件底面上。
为了保证可靠地封闭盖板B，以未示出的方式使盖板B配备有在将插头7放入空腔8中时使盖板B关闭的机构。这一点例如由下述方式实现，使得插头7必需导入到盖板B的未示出的引导部里面，由此在插头7继续导入到空腔8里面时使盖板B自动转变到其关闭位置。
此外，为了保证方便地取出插头7，盖板B可以具有在打开盖板B时使插头7以一定的行程从空腔8中运动出来的机构。这个机构也可以通过将插头7连接在盖板B上来形成。这两个机构也可以相互耦联，以便为装置5的使用者提供最大可能的舒适性。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于使利用电流运行的车辆与低压交流电网的插座相连接的装置，该装置具有充电电缆，该充电电缆具有适配于插座的插头并且该充电电缆(6)至少间接地与车辆(1)固定连接，其特征在于，所述充电电缆(6)连同插头(7)设置在能利用盖板(B)封闭的空腔(8)中，该空腔位于车辆(1)前盖(10)的朝向车辆(1)挡风玻璃(9)的区域(10a)下面，所述盖板(B)具有在打开盖板(B)时使插头(7)以一定的行程从空腔(8)中运动出来的机构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述盖板(B)具有在将插头(7)放入空腔(8)中时使盖板(B)关闭的机构。
3.一种用于使利用电流运行的车辆与低压交流电网的插座相连接的装置，该装置具有充电电缆，该充电电缆具有适配于插座的插头并且该充电电缆(6)至少间接地与车辆(1)固定连接，其特征在于，所述充电电缆(6)连同插头(7)设置在能利用盖板(B)封闭的空腔(8)中，该空腔位于车辆(1)前盖(10)的朝向车辆(1)挡风玻璃(9)的区域(10a)下面，所述盖板(B)具有在将插头(7)放入空腔(8)中时使盖板(B)关闭的机构。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述盖板(B)是能锁住的。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述盖板(B)具有至少一密封装置。
6.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述空腔(8)具有排水孔。
7.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述充电电缆(6)安置在一至少间接地与车辆(1)连接的卷绕装置(11)上并且能利用该卷绕装置(11)卷绕成卷。
8.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述充电电缆(6)设置在管状的容纳部件(12)中，并且所述充电电缆(6)设计成螺旋电缆。
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